JPS6231296Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an improvement of a power distribution machine for a vehicle equipped with a low speed/high speed switching device.

The above-mentioned power distribution device (transfer) is added to the transmission for four-wheel drive or six-wheel drive in vehicles such as automobiles, and distributes the output of the transmission to the front and rear wheels. The distributor is, for example, a countershaft, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-14972, which has an output shaft for the rear axle coaxial with the input shaft, an output shaft for the front axle, and an idler gear disposed between the two shafts. are provided in parallel (hereinafter referred to as a three-axis configuration), and the rotation directions of both output shafts are the same. However, if the rotation directions of both output shafts are the same, a final reduction gear using a hypoid gear can be formed. It will be difficult to standardize the front axle and the rear axle.

In other words, in the final reduction gear that uses hypoid gears that are currently in general use, if the front and rear final reduction gears are shared in the three-shaft power distribution machine as described above, the teeth of the final reduction gear for the front axle will be twisted. The directions are reversed, which poses a problem in terms of strength, and a thrust force is generated in the drive gear that meshes with the final reduction gear in the direction of the axis of the final reduction gear, which is undesirable for a bevel gear mechanism, due to the twisting direction of the teeth.

On the other hand, to reverse the rotation direction of the output shaft for the rear axle and the output shaft for the front axle, a two-shaft configuration (basically, the output shaft for the front axle and the output shaft for the rear wheels are arranged parallel to each other, (input shaft, countershaft, etc. installed on the same axis), but as mentioned above, the distance between the output shaft for the rear axle and the output shaft for the front axle cannot be maintained, so a low speed/high speed switching mechanism is required. Due to the layout, there is a risk of interference with the output shaft for the front axle.

Furthermore, although it is desirable to incorporate the differential gear device into the power distribution device for performance reasons to absorb the unbalance in the rotational speed between the output shaft for the front axle and the output shaft for the rear axle, the three-axle configuration In this case, since there is a space between the two output shafts, it is relatively easy to incorporate it into a distributor, but it is difficult to employ the two-shaft configuration as described above, which lacks space.

For example, the front and rear wheel drive system of a four-wheel drive vehicle with a center differential disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 51-37417 includes a low gear dog clutch that is integrated with the output low gear, and a differential dog clutch that is directly connected to the differential case. Directly connect the dog clutch for the rear shaft to the transfer output rear shaft between them, or connect the dog clutch for the high gear and the dog clutch for the differential that are integrated with the output high gear, or the dog clutch for the low gear and the dog clutch for the rear shaft, or the dog clutch for the differential. This device is equipped with a sliding clutch that connects the engine to the engine, but since it also has an input shaft that engages with the low gear, it has a three-shaft configuration. ,
At high speeds, it is equipped with a differential, and can only rotate both the front and rear shafts at the same time, so the range of use is extremely narrow.

In view of the above points, the present invention aims to standardize the final reduction gears for the front axle and the rear axle using hypoid gears, and also prevents interference with the output shaft for the front axle of the low speed/high speed switching mechanism. It was devised to create a power distribution machine for axle that can be used in a wide range of applications by incorporating a more compact differential gear device. A low speed/high speed switching device is provided between the rear output shafts provided above, a first distribution gear is provided on the rear output shafts so as to be rotatable and intermittent by the shaft and the clutch, and a counter is provided parallel to the rear output shafts. A front output shaft is provided passing through the shaft, and a second distribution gear is formed on the front output shaft so that the front output shaft and the second distribution gear can be connected to and connected to each other by a clutch and are always rotatably meshed with the first distribution gear. A differential gear mechanism is provided which connects the second distribution gear and the front output shaft using the side gear as a component.

This will be explained in detail based on the illustrated embodiment.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 indicates a low-speed/high-speed switching device, which includes a clutch hub 111 formed on an input shaft 11 that is integrated with the output shaft of the transmission;
a clutch sleeve 12 which is spline-fitted to the clutch sleeve 12 and can slide in the axial direction and engage with dog teeth 131 and 151 described later; and a first gear shift comprising a dog tooth 131 rotatably disposed on the input shaft 11. gear 1
3. An output shaft 14 disposed on the same axis as the input shaft 11; a second speed change gear 15 configured to rotate integrally with the output shaft 14 and provided with dog teeth 151 at the left end in the figure; , a hollow countershaft 16 disposed parallel to the input shaft 11 and the output shaft 14, and counter gears 17 and 18 that mesh with the first and second transmission gears 13 and 15 provided on the shaft 16, respectively. It consists of

2 is a rear output shaft of a power distribution device that is coaxial with the input shaft 11 and integrally formed with the output shaft 14, and is equipped with a clutch hub 21, and the clutch sleeve 3 is attached to the hub 21 in the axial direction. is slidably splined to the The rear output shaft 2 is connected to the final reduction gear using a hypoid as described above.

A first distribution gear 4 is rotatably disposed on the rear output shaft 2, and is provided with dog teeth 41 at the right end in the figure so as to be able to engage with the clutch sleeve 3.

Reference numeral 5 designates a front output shaft of a power distribution device that is arranged parallel to the rear output shaft 2 and penetrates the hollow part of the countershaft 16, and a clutch hub 5 is located at a position protruding from the countershaft 16.
1, and a clutch sleeve 6 is spline-fitted to the hub 51 so as to be slidable in the axial direction. The front output shaft 5 is also connected to the final reduction gear using a hypoid as described above.

A second distribution gear 7 is rotatably disposed on the front output shaft 5 and meshes with the first distribution gear 4, and has dog teeth 71 at the left end in the figure so that the clutch sleeve 6 can engage with it. It's summery.

8 is a differential gear mechanism disposed between the front output shaft 5 and the second distribution gear 7, which is provided near the end of the front output shaft 5, and includes a cross-shaped spider 81;
a plurality of pinions 82 rotatably supported by a plurality of pinions 82; a first side gear 83 provided on the second distribution gear 7 disposed to mesh with the pinions 82 from both sides;
and a second side gear 84, and a rotatable differential cage 85 that supports the end of the spider 81.

The present invention is constructed as described above, and when the clutch sleeve 12 is engaged with the dog teeth 151 from the state shown in the figure, the input shaft 11 and the output shaft 14 are directly connected, and the input shaft is connected to the transmission (not shown). 11 is directly transmitted from the output shaft 14 to the rear output shaft 2, and also connects the clutch sleeve 12 to the dog teeth 13.
1, from the input shaft 11 to the hub 111,
It is transmitted only to the rear output shaft 2 from the output shaft 14 in a decelerated state via the clutch sleeve 12, the dog teeth 131, the first transmission gear 13, the counter gears 17 and 18 of the countershaft 16, and the second transmission gear 15. .

When the clutch sleeve 3 is engaged with the dog teeth 41 in this state, the power of the output shaft 14 rotates the clutch hub 21, the clutch sleeve 3, the dog teeth 41, the first distribution gear 4, and the second distribution gear 7, and the clutch sleeve 6 is not engaged with the dog teeth 71, the first
The rotation speed is transmitted to the front output shaft 5 through the side gear 83, pinion 82, and second side gear 84, and the rotational speed of both the rear and front axle output shafts 2 and 5 is changed when the vehicle travels on a curved road. Even if they are different, no trouble will occur to the power distributor.

In addition, when the rear wheels slip and the differential gear device 8 operates, making it difficult for the vehicle to move forward, the clutch sleeve 6 is engaged with the dog teeth 71, thereby shifting the second distribution gear 7 and the front output shaft 5. are directly connected to stop the operation of the differential gear device 8 (so-called deflock), and the power from the output shaft 14 is transmitted to the clutch hub 21, clutch sleeve 3, dog teeth 41, first distribution gear 4,
The front output shaft 5 is forcibly driven through the second distribution gear 7, dog teeth 71, clutch sleeve 6, and clutch hub 51, and the front wheels are rotated together with the rear wheels by the rear output shaft 2 to eliminate the slip. ,
Vehicles can move forward.

As described above, the power distribution device of the present invention is provided with a low speed/high speed switching device between the input shaft and the rear output shaft installed on the same axis as the input shaft, and is rotatable on the rear output shaft and can be switched on and off by the shaft and the clutch. A front output shaft is provided passing through a countershaft provided parallel to the rear output shaft, and a first distribution gear is provided on the front output shaft, the first distribution gear being able to be connected to and connected to the front output shaft by a clutch, and always connected to the first distribution gear.
A differential gear mechanism is provided that connects the second distribution gear and the front output shaft using the second distribution gear that rotatably meshes with the distribution gear and the side gear formed on the side of the gear as constituent members, resulting in a two-shaft configuration. As a result, the front output shaft is driven by the first and second distribution gears in the direction opposite to the rotational direction of the rear output shaft.
That is, the torsion direction of the teeth of the final reduction gear for the front axle is reversed, which poses a problem in terms of strength, and the drive gear that meshes with the final reduction gear is thrust toward the axial center of the final reduction gear due to the torsion direction of the teeth. No force is generated, and the final reduction gear using a hypoid gear can be used commonly for the front axle and the rear axle, and costs can be reduced.

In addition, the countershaft, which is a part of the low-speed/high-speed switching gear mechanism, is hollow, and the front output shaft is disposed through the interior of the countershaft, so that the output shaft is Due to the layout, there is no interference with the low speed/high speed switching mechanism.

Furthermore, by providing a differential gear mechanism between the front output shaft and the second distribution gear, and using the side gear provided on the side of the second distribution gear as one component of the differential gear mechanism, the differential gear mechanism can be made into two. By configuring the differential gear mechanism to be controlled by a clutch disposed between the front output shaft and the second distribution gear, it can be installed compactly in a power distribution machine with a shaft configuration. This makes it possible to smoothly distribute power to each output shaft and to perform a so-called deflock, which has the effect of further improving the function of the power distributor.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The figure is a longitudinal sectional view of a power distribution machine according to the present invention. 1; Low speed-high speed switching device, 11; Input shaft, 1
2; Clutch sleeve, 111; Clutch hub,
13; first speed change gear, 131; dog teeth, 14;
Output shaft, 15; Second speed change gear, 16; Countershaft, 17, 18; Countershaft, 2;
Rear output shaft, 21; clutch hub, 3; clutch sleeve, 4; first distribution gear, 41; dog tooth,
5; front output shaft, 51; clutch hub, 6; clutch sleeve, 7; second distribution gear, 71; dog tooth, 8; differential gear device, 81; cruciform spider,
82; pinion, 83, 84; side gear.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A low-speed/high-speed switching device is provided between the input shaft and a rear output shaft provided on the same axis as the input shaft, a first distribution gear is provided on the rear output shaft so as to be rotatable and can be disconnected by the shaft and the clutch; A front output shaft is provided passing through a countershaft provided in parallel with the output shaft, and a second shaft is disposed on the front output shaft, and is disposed on and off from the front output shaft by a clutch, and is always rotatably meshed with the first distribution gear.
A vehicular power distribution machine comprising a differential gear mechanism that connects a second distribution gear and a front output shaft using a distribution gear and a side gear formed on the side of the gear as constituent members.