JPS61501931A - Devices and methods related to electromagnetic energy heating - Google Patents

Abstract

There are disclosed methods and apparatus for increasing the fluidity of hydrocarbon fluids, by applying to those fluids electromagentic energy in the frequency range of from about 300 megahertz to about 300 gigahertz.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Apparatus and method for electromagnetic energy heating The present invention relates to the treatment of hydrocarbon feedstocks by electromagnetic energy, and more particularly to the treatment of hydrocarbon feedstocks by electromagnetic energy. Recovers fractions from feedstock and facilitates removal and purification of hydrocarbon fluids, storage vessels and purification The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for insulating a storage container and a vibrine.

U.S. Pat. No. 31,241, reissued May 17, 1983, is Discloses a method and apparatus for controlling the viscosity of a hydrocarbon fluid using a hydrocarbon fluid.

The present invention is disclosed in the above-referenced reissue patent for facilitating the removal of hydrocarbon fluids. improved methods and equipment for the recovery of hydrocarbon fractions, insulation of storage vessels, and A new method and device for cleaning storage containers and vibrine are disclosed.

Mizumata man's seal The object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for heating hydrocarbon feedstocks by means of electromagnetic energy. and to provide the equipment.

This method and associated equipment recovers fractions from hydrocarbon feedstocks. This includes: Electromagnetic energy has negative effects at frequencies in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz. The generation step and the loss of the generated electromagnetic energy ), depending on the stage of transferring the electromagnetic energy to the hydrocarbons and the transferred electromagnetic energy directing the hydrocarbon feedstock to the location and electromagnetically discharging the hydrocarbon at that location for a sufficient period of time; a step of exposing the hydrocarbons to energy and subsequent separation of the hydrocarbons into fractions; and removing the fraction produced as such.

A combination of frequencies within the above frequency range or outside the above range. Combinations with side frequencies are used according to the reduction of the fraction to be removed. high The temperature of a viscous hydrocarbon fluid increases its viscosity to facilitate separation and removal from the container. effectively convert hydrocarbon fluids to optimize oil production while reducing In order to wipe out the electromagnetic energy, i.

n) is precisely controlled by varying. Furthermore, 1! Magnetic energy is stored Used to clean metal moss and rust from vessels; a metal shield is present inside the vessel. Can be arranged to effectively create a calendar that insulates the storage vessel from parts of the hydrocarbon fluid It is Noh. Multiple electromagnetic frequencies should be spaced far enough apart from each other to prevent them from canceling each other out. have varying band intensities, but at the same time absorption by their various fractions Depending on the nature of the fraction, it can be used to achieve maximum efficiency in the recovery of fractions.

Other objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following drawings and related details. It's obvious from the explanation.

K-blooded Namirin Gyoho Figure 1 is a side view of the fractured surface, showing clean water from the hydrocarbon fraction stored in the container. A device that supplies separated oil.

2 is an enlarged side view of the energy deflector of FIG. 1; FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of another embodiment of the energy deflector.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view of another embodiment of the energy deflector.

FIG. 5 shows an enlarged side view of another embodiment of the energy deflector. FIG. - An enlarged side view of another embodiment of the deflector.

Figure 7 shows how to increase the fluidity of highly viscous oil and sludge inside the container. Schematic diagram of the device.

FIG. 8 is a side view of a device for increasing the flow rate of oil in a pipeline.

Figure 9 shows an installation with a breakout section for recovering hydrocarbons from a hydrocarbon feedstock. side view of the

Figure 10 shows the separation and cleaning of fluids, including oil shale, coal, beet, lignite, Schematic diagram and side with broken sections recovering distillate from and tar sands in situ Surface diagram.

Figure 11 shows an applicator and an energy source for recovering the fraction from the hydrocarbon feedstock. Enlarged diagram of the ghee deflector.

Figure 12 shows a coaxial waveguide application that recovers the fraction from the hydrocarbon feedstock to its original location. Close-up view of the energy deflector, energy deflector, and pump.

Figure 13 shows a storage vessel containing a metal shield to provide a thermal barrier for hydrocarbon fluids. A side view with a broken surface of the vessel.

Seisemi Emperor Hada 1 Referring to FIG. 1, a device 14 according to the invention comprises a container or top-closed oil For use with a storage tank 15 or sludge pinto. oil-like tank 1 5. Hydrocarbon fluids stored in Contamination and oil viscosity can increase during storage. and LACT (Lease Acquisition Protection Transfer) measurements are accepted into the pump line. They often grow too large. Advantageously, the device 14 reduces viscosity. In addition to heating the oil to increase its fluidity, It is also heated to separate water, sulfur, and basic precipitates, resulting in purify the ile. The generated gas containing sulfur is collected in a collection tank connected to the top of tank 15. It is collected via a collection line and holding tank (not shown).

The device 14 includes an electromagnetic wave generator 16, which can be a magnetron or a gristron. Alternatively, a solid state oscillator such as that disclosed in the reissued patent referred to above may be used. 300 MHz to 300 GHz range. It is usually used for continuous electromagnetic wave sources that can generate frequencies from IKW to IMW or higher. use Multiple magnetrons 17 or oscillators or crystrons are used to generate several heating electromagnetic waves that are spaced far enough apart to prevent interference. It has a sufficiently large absorbency for a given fraction required for removal. The oscillator is Can be modified or other oscillators provide frequencies outside this range . This band is used in conjunction with the aforementioned frequencies according to the loss of the fraction to be removed. . The magnetron 17 is an application that transmits electromagnetic waves in the frequency band mentioned above. mechanically coupled to the The applicator 18 is square tubular and has an open end 19 and a closed bottom end 20. The applicator must be made of a material that is transparent to electromagnetic waves. is preferable, so that electromagnetic waves in the required frequency band are transmitted, but the liquid Or you can prevent gas from passing through. The ablator is a tubular waveguide 21 The waveguide 21 is connected to the tank 15 by a plurality of nuts and bolts 24. It passes through a metal tank cover 22 which is bolted and grounded.

The metallic transition member 26, including the flange end 28, is secured to the 90 by means of bolts and nuts 32. ``'' bolted to one end of the metal elbow.

Tubular end 33 of transition member 26 is attached to tubular waveguide 21). 90° L The other end of the bolt is connected to one end of the rectangular metal waveguide 36 through a nut and bolt 381. combined.

The other end of the rectangular waveguide 36 is attached to the WRx coaxial transition member 40 with a bolt 42. connected. A flexible coaxial member 44 joins flange ends 46 and 48 and The flange end has an internal gas outlet and a flexible coaxial member 44 is formed of a material such as Freon. Enables charging of active gas refrigerant and increases its power carrying capacity, while charcoal Ensure that any gas flow generated from the hydrogen chloride fluid does not flow back into the electromagnetic wave generator 16. I will do it. This prevents the applicator 18 from bursting or leaking. The flange end 46 is It is connected to the WRx coaxial transition member 52 by a bolt and nut 54. WRx same The flange end of the axial displacement member 52 is connected to the electromagnetic wave generator 16 through an extension 56. ing.

The conical energy deflector 64 moves up and down within the applicator 18. a position that generates electromagnetic energy that is transmitted through the applicator 18; control the position. This vertical movement is performed by the motor 66, which is connected to the pulley 6. 8 and winds or stops the cable 70 attached to the energy deflector 64. and thereby control the vertical position of the energy deflector 64 within the tank 15. control The separated electromagnetic waves are transmitted through the waveguide 36 and excite the motor 66. Ru. Energy deflector 64 is initially located at the bottom of applicator 14. It is preferable to gradually move upward.

By projecting energy in this manner, the magnetron 17 continues at full power. It is possible to operate continuously and at maximum efficiency, and the temperatures of the various layers within the hydrocarbon are control, thereby maximizing oil production and extending the lifespan of the magnetron 17. will be extended.

Motor 66 is connected to a power source (not shown) by line 72 through controller 58. It is continued. Control@58 energizes motor 66 and energy deflector 64 , thereby generating an electric current in response to the temperature observed by sensors 60A-H. Change the position where magnetic energy is emitted. Frequency of electromagnetic energy and when to apply The time is controlled by a controller 58, and the W limiter 58 is set in advance or programmed. It moves up and down continuously or intermittently, heating the hydrocarbon fluid evenly and or localized heating, thereby achieving the highest production at the lowest energy costs. do. The firing position of the energy deflector 64 is determined by the normal timer and motor 66. Continuously or intermittently through hydrocarbon fluids using limit stops It is possible to preset and control the supply of electromagnetic energy.

Valves 74 A to D can be placed on the vertical wall of tank 15 and are It is possible to extract the oil after this treatment. Added by electromagnetic energy After heating, as illustrated in FIG. 1, there is a bottom layer 76, which is essentially These are sediment and water. Above the bottom layer 76 is an intermediate layer 78, which is mostly oil. There is some sediment and water mixed in. Finally, the top of layer 78 has a top R8 0, which is a clean, sediment-free and water-free oil. Intrusion hatch 73 is equipped to remove sediment, which includes solids from the “drilling mud”. ing. Bacteria and algae in hydrocarbons are broken down by electromagnetic waves, and their The debris forms part of the sediment.

In order to further circulate and purify the oil layer 80, a conventional conduction system such as a gun barrel heater is used. A heater 75 extends into the interior of tank 15. The heater 75 sends hot gas to the vibe 7 7, providing a fuel-efficient source of British thermal units (BTUs), and once submerged. The oil from which sediment and water have been separated is heated, and the oil is sufficiently liquefied or fluidized. Convection occurs. This convection further reduces the viscosity of the oil and removes fine sediments. do. A lightning arrester 79 is installed within the vibrator 77 to prevent sparks from the generated gas.

The purified oil passes through a filter to remove any remaining fine sediment.

By using the method and apparatus of the present invention, deposits and deposits are easily removed from clean oil. water is separated. This uses electromagnetic energy to control the hydrocarbon fluid in tank 15. This is achieved by heating. This electromagnetic energy is usually contained in oil. The penetrating water molecules are extracted from the oil film by expanding and bursting. heating is achieved by electromagnetic waves, since water has a larger adiabatic constant than oil, and This is because it has a large loss tangent. This results in high loss (lossine ss), whereby the water absorbs a sufficiently large amount of energy and the oil The volume of water expands within the oil film in a short period of time, destroying the oil film. that The water molecules combine with those that are heavier than the mass of the oil, and the precipitates in the oil Most of the sediment sinks to the bottom of the tank, but more sediment, especially fine particles, is removed. To facilitate removal, the oil 80 After reducing the viscosity of the oil, seawater or salt water is sprayed on the surface of the top layer of the oil. The salty water quickly passes through the oil layer 8o and sinks to the bottom of the tank 15, - Draws in fine sediment.

Processing hydrocarbon fluids containing oil produces R76, 78, and 80, and precipitates and water settle in tank 15. This is the output of 50K according to the invention shown in FIG. This is achieved by applying electromagnetic energy for approximately 4 hours with a W apparatus. death However, the power output and exposure time depend on the volume of tank 15 and the composition of the hydrocarbon fluid. , the amount of contaminants, and the amount of time the hydrocarbons have been stored in tank 15. It should be understood that

Hydrocarbons, sulfur, chlorides, water (fresh or salt water), precipitates, and inert metals are The electromagnetic energy according to the present invention reflects and absorbs electromagnetic energy at a rate of Exposure of energy to hydrocarbons is generally applied to the original fluid in the opposite order of the list above. The above-mentioned composition components are separated. Furthermore, acids and condensable or non-condensable gases can also Separated at various stages of magnetic energy heating stage. Hydrocarbon sources requiring recovery Optimal frequencies, loss tangents, and temperature points for various fractions within the feedstock is... Hilapel's "Table J of Insulating Materials" (1954), John Wiley. Published by Son Shokai and [Handbook of Asyuri's Basic Substances (1981,) , published by the Heating, Cooling and Air Conditioning Energy Association, is available from leading sources.

Referring to FIG. 2, the applicator 18 is enlarged compared to that of FIG. An energy deflector 64 is shown. The energy deflector 64 is disconnected. It is suspended within the applicator by a thermal cable 70. The insulation cable 70 Manufactured from raw materials that transmit magnetic waves, it is strong, heat resistant, and has a high insulation constant and low The height of the energy deflector 64 has a very low stangent, and the electromagnetic energy - determined by the angle of deflection.

Referring to FIG. 3, an alternative embodiment 82 of the energy deflector 64 of FIG. Illustrated. Energy deflector 64 in FIG. 1 is illustrated as 82. ing. The energy deflector 82 is larger than the deflection angle of the energy deflector 64. with a large deflection angle (less than the included angle), this causes the deflected electric current to The magnetic waves are transmitted through the energy deflector 82 in a direction slightly below the horizontal plane. . This embodiment provides that the method and apparatus heats in situ within a geological matrix. Penetration of electromagnetic waves into the bay zone located below the edge of the well when used for It is possible to do so.

Energy deflector 82 is suspended by fiber optic cable 84 and Bar cable 84 provides temperature readings. In this regard, the cable 84 Individual optical fiber strands are placed at various locations within the container or poling hole. Modified to detect the condition. transmitted to the remote end of the optical fiber thread 83 Information is converted to digital signals for recording or output level control and energy data. It is used for positioning the flexor 82. For example, the optical fiber thread 83 delivers a vertical illumination pattern of electromagnetic energy in response to detected temperature gradients It is necessary to. The frequency used by the optical fiber thread 83 has interference. or selected to be sufficiently different from the frequency of the electromagnetic wave generator 16 to prevent cancellation. .

Referring to FIG. 4, an electromagnetic wave transparent applicator 18 is connected to a waveguide at 88. 21 and encountered high temperatures harmful to the fiberglass applicator. It is provided with a downhole application.

Another embodiment of an energy deflector 88 is disposed within the applicator 18. Ru. Is this energy deflector 88 pyroceram or other insulating material? It has a spirally wound band of 90% of reflective material such as stainless steel. are doing. Instead of the metal band 90 described above, alumina or silicon nitride may be used. Energy reflectors 88 are sintered and metallized to provide the necessary reflective bands. Ru.

Other methods such as hydraulic, vacuum, air pressure and refrigerant expansion lifting systems A stage raises and lowers the energy deflector to complete the illumination function. used for Additionally, a waveguide connection from the electromagnetic wave generator 16 can also be used to control Sends control signals from the machine to a motor or other mechanism to create an electromagnetic energy differential. Raise and lower the rector. The frequency of such control signals is subject to electromagnetic interference or The electromagnetic energy must be sufficiently different from the chosen frequency to prevent Must be.

Figure 5 efi = However, other forms of energy deflector illustrated in 91 are , which is approximately right triangular in cross-section, has a concave surface 93, and has a deflected electromagnetic Concentrates energy in a specific direction, increasing the volume or surface of a predetermined container. Heating a specific bay zone or next layer below the surface.

Referring to FIG. 6, there are other forms of energy deflectors illustrated at 94. , which includes connected portions 95A-95D, which are energy deflectors. provides an angle for the deflection of electromagnetic energy when the applicator abuts the applicator 18. If the cable 70 is pulled in two directions and one section 95A-95D is alternated, Other angles of orientation are provided. Other means such as remotely operated motors can It can be used to change the angle of deflection of the deflector 94.

The treatment of drilling fluids, known as "drilling mud", poses a difficult problem for the oil industry. That's the issue. Any of the energy deflectors illustrated in Figures 2 through 6 The apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1, modified for use in conjunction with Water is reconstituted and reused by irradiating it with electromagnetic waves to remove excess fluid. , leaving bentonite, octite, salt, etc.

Referring to FIG. 7, apparatus 100 stores a highly viscous hydrocarbon fluid or sludge in a container. used for removal, encapsulation, and loading onto tankers or barges 102. Ru. The variable electromagnetic wave generator 104 is an oscillator, a Gristron, or a Gnet. 106, with a flexible coaxial waveguide 108 attached to its output 110.

The other end 112 of waveguide 108 extends through manhole 115 to barge 1O2. There is. The sealing connection 114 has a fluid sealing function and an electromagnetic wave sealing function. The waveguide 108 is The other end is fixed to a tubular waveguide 116, and the waveguide 116 is an applicator that transmits electromagnetic waves. It is attached to the housing 118. Located within applicator 118 is an energy deflector 120, which can irradiate while going up and down, as shown in Figure 2. This is any of the types disclosed up to FIG. Illustrated in Figure 1 A suitable mechanism for moving the energy deflector 120 up and down is used to Ru.

The oil heated by electromagnetic waves is removed from the compartment of barge 102 by a suction pump. be done. Pump 122 has a flexible hose 124 that is connected to heated oil. It is located in a manhole 126 within the same compartment for extraction.

Arrows radiating outward from energy deflector 120 and applicator 118 shows the normal state of electromagnetic waves. An applicator that allows electromagnetic waves to pass through Once separated, the electromagnetic waves are absorbed by the oil/water mixture or by the side walls of the internal tank. It slightly penetrates the surface and heats the oil that has entered the small pores, and electromagnetic waves are absorbed. Alternatively, all of the electromagnetic energy is reflected off the metal walls of the compartment and finally flows into hydrocarbons. converted into heat in the body.

Using the method and apparatus of the present invention, the bare metal walls can be left in place while the oil tanker is – or metal moss or rust that forms on metal surfaces such as the walls of barge compartments. It has also been discovered that it is removable. When electromagnetic energy is applied to a wall, water The membrane gets trapped under the layer of rust. This heats up and expands, producing steam and rusting. peels off from the layer in large sheets.

Referring to FIG. 8, the invention for use in pipelines is illustrated. this is At the T-shaped connecting portion 130, oil flows according to the arrow of the ¥ line. 2 lunge end 13 A waveguide 132 with a 4-pin is connected to a plunge 136 of the T-shaped connection 130 .

A sealing port @ 138 that transmits electromagnetic waves is sandwiched between flanges 134 and 136 and The metal electromagnetic wave shielding ring 142 is connected to the It is arranged around the disk 138 and is sandwiched between the flanges 134 and 136. electric The magnetic waves are directed through the oil into the T-shaped connection 130 and further into the vibration line 144. It is irradiated through the oil inside. Heating with this arrangement reduces the viscosity of the oil. , thereby requiring less pump energy to drive the oil through the vibration line 144. In addition, the wall of the T-shaped connection 130 and the paraffin pipeline 144 can be removed. Clean, homogenize and keep in solution.

Referring to FIG. 9, apparatus 150 is located adjacent to at least one producing well 154. It is located within the injection well that is located. The device 150 includes an electromagnetic wave generator 15B. an electromagnetic wave generator 15, which is connected to a power source (not shown); A magnetron 160 located within the antenna or probe 162 guides the wave from the antenna or probe 162. The tube portion 164 is irradiated with microwaves. The waveguide extension 166 is a waveguide section. 164 and is connected at one end by a bolt and nut 168 and at its other end. is connected by a bolt and nut 172 to a waveguide leading to a coaxial adapter 170. There is. A flexible coaxial waveguide 174 is connected to an adapter 170 at one end thereof. It is connected to the fitting part 176. The other end of the waveguide 174 is connected to a gas barrier member 180. through which it is coaxially connected to waveguide adapter 178 . Transition member 182 is one of them. The end is connected to the adder 78 by bolt and pin 1-184. recommendation The other end of the transfer member 182 is connected to a tubular waveguide 186. A that transmits electromagnetic waves The applicator 188 is attached to the tubular waveguide 186 and ]87. The energy deflector 188 and energy deflector (not shown) are shown in FIGS. 2 through 6. may be any type of electromagnetic radiation energy deflector illustrated in , the energy deflector is connected, for example, to an A descender of the type illustrated in FIG. ing.

Waveguide 186 is located within a dicing 190 formed within oil well 152 .

The oil well head 191 is covered with a sealing gland (filler) 192.

Sealing gland 192 effectively seals the waveguide therein. Multiple thermocouples 194 is located between the casing 190 and the waveguide 186 in the oil well 152 , and extends to a position adjacent to the bottom of the Conductor 196 connects thermocouple 194 to a controller. (not shown) but extending through the can seal 198 Can seal 198 directs oil, water and gas between casing 190 and waveguide 186. It is never used when it is necessary to produce through the annular space 199 between .

Can seal +l　19　If F3 is not available, the ingredients in the immediate vicinity of the applicator 188 Oil, wood and gas expand into an annular band until removed! rise through 99 I'll come. As a result, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 6, the annular band 1 99 can be removed along with the can seal 198 and the hydrocarbons can be heated to release the oil. For example, if the temperature of the oil is When increasing to 400'F, the oil volume increases approximately 40%.

As shown by the arrow, when electromagnetic waves are irradiated from the application moon 88, geological It heats the hydrocarbon feedstock in the target matrix, liberating water, gas, oil, and electromagnetic radiation. After absorbing enough energy, the dissolved hot oil, water, and gas form wave paths and are It flows out to the bottom of producing oil well 154. Pump Cent 22 mixes oil, water and gas The central position where the object is placed in the oil well dicing 210 and connected to the extraction vibrator 208 The positioning device 204 and the production thread 206 position the oil well casing 210 in the center. The gas is pumped through a perforated gas vibrator 202. In particular, Pombuse) 20 0 moves the suction rod 212 downwards to pump oil, water and gas into the production thread 20. 6 and suck it into the take-out vibe 208.

The injection well 152 illustrated in FIG. It is possible to place an annular band 199 between the waveguide 186 and the waveguide 186. This is it It further heats the hydrocarbon feedstock, but more importantly, the heated water, gas.

and driving oil to production well 154. Carbon dioxide is the driving medium It can be used as

Referring to Figure 10, oil, gas, water and sulfur can be collected at one source in the equipment for simultaneous production from coal, beet, lignite, or tal sand. be. Oil well 222 is formed through overburden 224 into formation 226 . oil well 22 2 includes a steel gating 230 and a waveguide 232, the waveguide being inside the gating. It is connected to an applicator 234 located at and transparent to electromagnetic waves. From Figure 1 As shown in Figure 6, an energy deflector 236 is housed in the applicator. has been done. A means to raise and lower the energy deflector 236 shown in Figure 1 is necessary. However, it has been simplified and omitted. The waveguide 232 is connected to a gas bar such as a sealing gland 240. It is secured to the well head 238 by a transition elbow 242 that includes a rear. Transition L Connected to the other end of the board 242 is a flexible coaxial waveguide 244, which Gnetron, Gristron, or Tree, Toss Date Oscillator (not shown) The current is coupled to an electromagnetic wave generator 246 containing a turbine 25 The electromagnetic wave generator 246 is supplied from a generator 248 driven by the electromagnetic wave generator 248 .

High pressure steam is supplied from boiler 252 to turbine 250 .

The low pressure steam discharged from the turbine 250 is transferred to the oil well 222 via a steam line 251. into the annular zone 254 between the casing 231) and the waveguide 232. . , 'A Ile Cher 1 Coal, beet, lignite, tar sand, low pressure When steam is applied, the energy of electromagnetic waves assists in the formation of oil (kerogen) in the M1 compound. ) or reduce the viscosity of the oil, allowing water, oil and gas to expand and open up. Hole pump 256・＼ Outflow, zaze, pushing upward due to its own expansion and steam pressure The oil and gas are sent to the oil line 258 and the steam is sent to the vapor recovery line 260. It enters and emerges from the surface. Steam recovery - The steam that entered the inn 260 is demineralized. Mineral substances are removed in the tank 262, concentrated in the a condensation tank 264, and boiled in the boiler 252. to be resupplied.

Incoming oil and gas flow from oil fins 258 to conventional fluid/gas separator 26. The separated oil is then transferred to the storage tank via a vibrating line. transferred to the link.

Referring to FIG. 11, the inclined or angled energy deflector 280 There is a special use within the wellbore 282 in which the pay zone 284 is located within the wellbore 282. slope or step relative to the ground, thereby directing electromagnetic energy to the strata. Alternatively, it becomes possible to direct it to the bay zone 284. energy deflector 2 80 is placed on the bottom of the applicator 286, and the applicator is attached to the EIA flange. The waveguide 288 is connected to the waveguide 288 . Corrosion resistance force /<　-292 is the waveguide 288 and frame It surrounds the lunge 290. Extending downward from Kei Tank 292 is a perforated liner 294 that is transparent to electromagnetic waves and that Protect 86.

Referring to FIG. 2, a coaxial waveguide arrangement is illustrated at 300, with the in-situ oil Oil production occurs through a small diameter wellbore 302. Oil well hole 302 is Ketank 3 04 and a perforated electromagnetic wave transparent liner 306 extending downwardly. The axial waveguide 308 is located inside the oil wellbore 302 and the EIA flange 312 allows electromagnetic waves to be transmitted through the axial waveguide 308 . is coupled to an applicator 310 that transmits the . fiberglass or Another corrosion-resistant cover 314 surrounds the waveguide 308 and flange 312. . Waveguide 30B includes a hollow central conduit 3J, 6, which is connected to an insulating spacer 319. It is maintained at a distance from the more outer conduit 317. only one of them is illustrated It is. Conduit 316 extends through applicator 310 and into liner 306. It is connected to a submersible pump 318 located therein. Inside the central conduit 316 is a fiber. - Contains a glass or polyethylene lining 320 to which oil is pumped to the surface. We provide production pipelines for production. The pumped oil heats the inner groove V316. Reduces the viscosity of the produced oil by absorbing and cooling it, thereby further heating it. Helps keep it low. The cooling effect of the oil in the central conduit 316 is This prevents adiabatic breakdown due to heating of the pacer 319.

Pump 318 is electrically driven and receives power via electrical wire 322 .

Pump 318 can be operated pneumatically or hydraulically, or can be operated by electromagnetic waves. It can also be activated by a magnetic field. This magnetic field is different from the electromagnetic waves used for heating. Generated by electromagnetic waves. Coaxial waveguide 308 is more direct than the waveguide illustrated in FIG. It is small in diameter and can be introduced into oil wells 302 with small diameter holes.

Pump 318 is supported by support wires 324 or rods. This lo The pad has a small hole fixed to the pump and a small hole fixed to the flange 312. connected in between. The insulating oil vibe 326 has one end connected to the pump 318. and passes through central opening 330 to energy deflector 332. . A fluid-tight seal is provided between them. The other end of the oil vibe 326 is disconnected. A thermal coupling member 334 connects to central conduit 316 .

The electromagnetic waves irradiated through the waveguide 308 are irradiated outward through the central conduit 336. be done. Central conduit 336 functions as a quarter wave monoball antenna. Ann All electromagnetic waves passing through the antenna 336 are deflected by the energy deflector 332 .

Referring to FIG. 13, an apparatus for use in a vessel containing a hydrocarbon fluid is illustrated. There is. This makes effective use of the components of hydrocarbon fluids, so that atmospheric temperature or temperature conditions can be Provides a fixed layer of oil in contact with or adjacent to the tank walls when low. automatically provides a thermal insulation layer to the container. Insulation R-value and U-factor varies according to oil factors.

The tank 352 has a hole located concentrically and spaced apart from the side wall of the tank. The shield 354, including an open metal shield or wire mesh 354, is It is held apart from the side wall by a vertical bracket 358. Similarly, perforated metal Shields 355 and 357 are located at a predetermined distance from bottom surface 359 and top surface 366. They are located apart from each other. Independent brackets 361 and 363 are metal seals 357 and top surface 366, respectively.

During warm weather conditions, the oil is allowed to expand and contract without restriction, and the holes 360 ．． This oil is usable because it can flow through 365.367.

However, in cold climates, the tank walls 356.359.366 cool and open. The viscosity of the oil increases so that the oil cannot pass through the holes 360.365.367. It tends to solidify inward toward the shield 354, and due to convection, the tank A thick layer of insulation so that it is no longer possible to transfer external heat into the interior of the 352 Form.

The apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1 is located inside shields 354, 355, 357. , can be used to maintain oil fluidity within tank 352. Figure 13 , from the top of the tank 352 to the applicator 362 that transmits electromagnetic waves. The applicator 362, which preferably introduces electromagnetic waves, is fluid-sealed at its bottom. It is. This configuration prevents oil leakage from tank 352 and prevents oil from leaking from applicator 36. 2. Prevent damage and destruction. irradiated through an applicator 362 that transmits electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic waves generated are deflected into the oil by the energy deflector 364, where they are absorbed. is converted into heat energy. Electromagnetic waves pass through the shield 354.355.357. Until it is completely absorbed, the shield 354.355.357 reflected in the oil. Shield 3 over top surface 366 of tank 352 57 forms a solid layer near the top surface 366 when the heated oil cools. It can be removed because it may form. However, through this top solid layer Communication is maintained to ensure a passage for steam between the heated oil located below. For example, if the conduit 372 is connected to the magnet of the electromagnetic wave generator 370, Heat is transferred from Ron 368's anode cooler to tank 352. The conduit 372 is Conduit 3 extending below the top surface 366 to a defined distance and submerged in oil. By circulating a non-ionized anode cooling solution through 72, the results and It penetrates the solid oil layer that is formed.

Do f’i=, 1; (in, q(:ヱ・f)?I)nomishy〆 Procedural amendment (formality) 1.Display of the incident Devices and methods related to electromagnetic energy heating 6, person making corrections Relationship to the incident: Applicant address Name: Electromagnetic Energy Corporation 5° Correction Order Date: June 10, 1986 (shipment date) 6, subject to amendment international search report ri,, 11ho#IIcsbmrw PCT/US85100712+Kari Kazuichi 〇-Jiichi-m　PCT10585100712-4-n-Issei W--^--←Jin Zoei”kPff/T+QIIR/n0717

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) In a method for continuously recovering a fraction from a hydrocarbon raw material, It can generate electromagnetic energy in the frequency range from and; transmitting and deflecting said energy to irradiate the hydrocarbon feedstock; directing said energy to specific parts of the feedstock; and continuously separating hydrocarbons and other materials and extracting fractions. A method for continuously recovering a fraction from hydrocarbons, comprising: ; and recovering the generated fraction. (2) Hydrocarbon raw materials include coal, tar sands, oil shale, beets, and ligny. Collecting the fraction according to claim 1, characterized in that the fraction is How to do it. (3) In order to separate the necessary fraction from the raw material, the fraction is most efficiently converted into energy. 2. A method for recovering a fraction according to claim 1, comprising the step of providing a plurality of frequencies that absorb energy. (4) A method for recovering a fraction according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the frequencies supplied is below 300 MHz. (5) Varying the frequency to provide the most efficiently absorbed energy to 2. A method for recovering a fraction according to claim 1, comprising the step of separating a necessary fraction from a hydrogen chloride feedstock. (6) Start near the bottom of the hydrocarbon feedstock, move upwards, and periodically 2. A method for recovering a fraction according to claim 1, comprising the step of cleaning the hydrogen chloride feedstock with electromagnetic energy. (7) Stage for supplying an inert gas shield to prevent the generation of gases that interfere with the process A method for recovering a fraction according to claim 1, characterized in that the method comprises a step of: (8) generating electromagnetic energy in a frequency range from approximately 300 MHz to approximately 300 GHz; transmitting said energy to said raw material; irradiating said energy to a particular portion of said raw material for a sufficient period of time; Continuously separating the raw material into fractions; sensing the temperature of the raw material; irradiating the hydrocarbon raw material with electromagnetic energy by controlling the strength of the magnetic field of the energy, the exposure time and the volume of the raw material; , vaporizing the water present therein; and removing the separated fraction from said raw material. A method of recovering fractions from hydrocarbon feedstocks that exist in subsurface geological formations. (9) A method for recovering a fraction according to claim 8, comprising the step of supplying pressurized gas to the geological formation to facilitate recovery of the fraction. (10) Provide multiple frequencies at which the required fraction most efficiently absorbs energy. the frequency of which is below 300 MHz. A method for recovering the fraction according to claim 8, characterized in that: (11) Generating electromagnetic energy in a frequency band from approximately 300 MHz to approximately 300 GHz; transmitting and irradiating the electromagnetic energy to the fluid; changing the position at which the electromagnetic energy is irradiated; controlling the temperature of the fluid to prevent the water present from reaching its boiling point; and removing the oil separated from said fluid leaving behind water, sulfur and precipitated residues. Recovering a fraction from a fluid containing a precipitate and water, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of: and; How to collect (12) sensing a plurality of localized temperatures within the hydrocarbon fluid; and moving the position of a deflector with an electromagnetic wave transparent applicator to irradiate a specific portion with the electromagnetic energy; 12. A method for recovering a fraction according to claim 11, comprising the steps of: (13) Separating the oil by changing the frequency of the electromagnetic energy and the strength of the magnetic field. The method includes a step in which electromagnetic waves are most efficiently absorbed by oil, water, and sediment. A method for recovering a fraction according to claim 12, characterized in that (14) A claim characterized in that it provides a plurality of frequencies, one of which includes a step below 300 MHz to provide the most efficient energy absorption for separation. 12. A method for recovering the fraction according to item 11. (15) Generating electromagnetic energy in the frequency range from approximately 300 MHz to approximately 300 GHz; transmitting and deflecting the electromagnetic energy to various locations within the hydrocarbon fluid; and connecting a flexible waveguide to a manhole in the vessel using sealing means to transmit the electromagnetic energy into the hydrocarbon fluid. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising the steps of: preventing loss of electromagnetic energy and sealing gas and fluid ingress and egress. (16) removing the hydrocarbon fluid flowability of claim 15 by providing an inert gas shield and pumping the heated hydrocarbon fluid into a storage medium. How to increase. (17) In the frequency band from approximately 300 MHz to approximately 300 GHz. waveguides and the electromagnetic energy trapped under the metal moss and rust. Provides a film of water that transmits magnetic waves, expands the water, and removes gold moss and rust from metal surfaces. barges, oil tankers, vessels, condensers, tubes, and other metal surfaces, including the steps of: stripping down; and cleaning all metal surfaces by varying the electromagnetic radiation exposure position; How to remove rust and gold flakes from surfaces. (18) In the frequency band from approximately 300 MHz to approximately 300 GHz. transmitting said electromagnetic energy through a waveguide and an electromagnetic transparent applicator; deflecting said electromagnetic energy toward a surface bearing paraffin and heating it to remove paraffin therefrom; the paraffin removed; and the paraffin a process for removing paraffin formed on a surface comprising the steps of: assimilating it into the hydrocarbons present in the oil and leaving it in the fluid; (19) In the frequency band from approximately 300 MHz to approximately 300 GHz. transmitting said electromagnetic energy to a fluid through a waveguide and an electromagnetic transparent applicator; efficiently heating the fluid with controlled time and position changes; The hydrocarbon fraction boils and condensing the fraction of hydrocarbons obtained after water removal; Methods of recovery from fluids. (20) Connecting the waveguide to the pipeline; providing a sealing means that transmits electromagnetic waves between the waveguide and the pipeline that transmits electromagnetic waves but does not leak oil in the pipeline; ; In the band below 300 MHz to approximately 300 GHz generating electromagnetic energy; passing said electromagnetic energy through a waveguide into a pipeline; heating the oil in the pipeline and the paraffin on the sidewall of the pipeline; and assimilating the heated paraffin with other hydrocarbons in the oil, turning the paraffin into an oil. a method for reducing the viscosity and removing paraffins of oil flowing in an oil pipeline, comprising the steps of: leaving the oil in a solvent; (21) Providing an oil well that penetrates the pay zone (coal seam) of a hydrocarbon feedstock; generating electromagnetic energy in the band from approximately below 300 MHz to approximately 300 GHz; waveguide located within the oil well; transmitting said electromagnetic energy through a tube; deflecting the electromagnetic energy into the pay zone; changing the position of an energy deflector to concentrate the electromagnetic energy in a specific part of the pay zone; and injecting a pressurized gas containing steam and carbon dioxide into the well to generate a 1. A method for recovering hydrocarbon fluids from a subsurface coal seam, the method comprising the steps of: facilitating the transfer of a component to the surface for recovery; (22) Changing the angle of the energy deflector to direct the electromagnetic energy 22. A method for recovering a hydrocarbon fraction as claimed in claim 21, comprising the step of changing the direction of the water zone to maximize production of hydrocarbon fluid. (23) Delaying the injection of pressurized gas until after the increase in volume created by heating the oil causes the water content in the hydrocarbon fluid to itself displace the generated fluid to the ground for recovery. 22. A method for recovering hydrocarbons according to claim 21, characterized in that the hydrocarbons are insufficient to be transferred to the table. (24) sensing a temperature near the pay zone; and controlling the illumination position of the energy deflector in response to the sensed temperature; 24. A method for recovering hydrocarbons according to claim 23. (25) Bands below approximately 300 MHz to approximately 300 GHz generating electromagnetic energy in a band at; transmitting said electromagnetic energy through a waveguide and an electromagnetic wave transparent applicator; concentric with the sidewall and spaced from the top and bottom of the container; perforated metal seam hydrocarbon fluid, the distance is equal to the required insulation thickness, and the holes in the metal shield are smaller than the amplitude of the magnetic field, but the climate is warm and the hydrocarbon fluid has low viscosity. deflecting the electromagnetic energy into the hydrocarbon fluid and heating the fluid around the metal shield, the metal shield deflecting the electromagnetic energy to both sides thereof; reflects the liquid and prevents it from heating the layer of fluid between the metal shield and the sidewall, thereby leaving this layer solid. to automatically provide a layer of insulation for the container during cold atmospheric temperatures; A portion of the hydrocarbon fluid in the storage vessel is used to A method to automatically insulate containers by responding to air temperature and using it as a heat insulating layer. (26) Claims including the step of forming an open passageway in the top layer of the hydrocarbon fluid, equalizing the pressure on both sides thereof and preventing implosion from occurring because a vacuum is formed below the top layer. The method according to paragraph 25. (27) Preset the movement of the energy deflector to transmit electromagnetic waves. 26. The method of claim 25, including the step of periodically moving the electromagnetic energy up and down within an applicator and passing the electromagnetic energy through the hydrocarbon fluid. (28) Drilling an oil well below the earth's surface to a location adjacent to a hydrocarbon coal seam; generating electromagnetic energy in the band from approximately below 300 MHz to approximately 300 GHz; guiding said electromagnetic energy; oil through the pipe transmitting the energy into the well; deflecting the energy to the hydrocarbon feed; exposing the hydrocarbon feed to said electromagnetic energy for a sufficient period of time to separate the fractions present within the feed; first separating the water; separating the sulfur of the gaseous body from which the condensable gases and the specific condensable gases containing hydrogen and sulfur components; and finally separating the oil from the hydrocarbon feedstock; underground coal, lignite, beet, and Separation of distillates from hydrocarbon materials such as oil shale or oil sands Law. (29) A method for separating fractions according to claim 28, wherein pressurized gas is injected into the oil well to assist in driving the fraction to the surface. 30. The method of claim 28, including the step of varying the position of an energy deflector within the electromagnetic wave transparent applicator to expose different portions of the hydrocarbon feedstock to electromagnetic energy. (31) Removing drilling fluid from an oil well; in the band below 300 MHz? generating electromagnetic energy in a band of up to approximately 300 gigahertz; transmitting the electromagnetic energy to the fluid through a waveguide and an electromagnetic wave transparent applicator; and deflecting said electromagnetic energy into the drilling fluid from which it is transmitted. A method of regenerating drilling fluid removed from an oil well comprising the steps of: heating the fluid to a temperature sufficient to remove the fluid, leaving behind a slurry or precipitate; (32) In an apparatus for continuously recovering a fraction from a hydrocarbon feedstock, a container of hydrocarbons; and generating electromagnetic energy in a band from below 300 MHz to approximately 300 GHz at a location closest to the container; an electromagnetic energy means; an electromagnetic wave transparent applicator and a conical energy defragment located within the container; waveguide coupling the electromagnetic wave generator to the applicator; temperature sensing means arranged to sense the temperature of the hydrocarbon feedstock at various heights within the vessel; and , means for moving the electromagnetic energy deflector within the container to change the irradiation position to various positions to facilitate recovery of fluid from the raw material. A device that continuously recovers hydrogen from raw materials. (33) The moving means includes a motor, a controller is electrically connected to the motor, the motor is connected to the electromagnetic energy deflector, and the controller causes the motor to move. 33. The apparatus of claim 32, further comprising moving the electromagnetic energy deflector in response to energizing the electromagnetic energy deflector. (34) Claim 33, characterized in that the energy deflector is shaped such that electromagnetic energy is radiated outward and downward from the electromagnetic energy deflector, and includes means for changing the angle of the energy deflector. The equipment described in Place. 35. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the electromagnetic energy deflector is unidirectional and has a recessed deflection surface to direct deflected electromagnetic energy in a particular direction. (36) The waveguide includes a flexible coaxial portion and has a gas barrier disposed therein, such that the flexible coaxial portion is capable of being filled with a coolant and the waveguide is capable of transporting 36. Apparatus according to claim 35, characterized in that the force is increased to prevent all gases generated from the hydrocarbon feedstock from flowing back into the electromagnetic wave generator. (37) The moving means is an optical fiber connected to the electromagnetic energy deflector. 37. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein the fiber optic cable includes individual fiber optic lines for sensing concentration conditions at various locations within the container. (38) The electromagnetic wave generator is characterized in that it supplies a plurality of frequencies depending on the fraction to be removed, and supplies the most efficient energy absorption frequency for separating the fraction from the hydrocarbon feedstock. 38. Apparatus according to claim 37. (39) Exciting the moving means by a control signal transmitted through the waveguide. control signal means for heating the hydrocarbon feedstock; 39. The device according to claim 38, characterized in that the device has a bandwidth different from the bandwidth of the L.G. (40) In an apparatus for separating a hydrocarbon fluid into fractions, a vessel for a highly viscous hydrocarbon fluid; an electromagnetic energy generator that generates; an electromagnetic wave transparent applicator located within a container; said applicator being tubular and transparent to said electromagnetic energy but impermeable to a fluid; There is a waveguide connected to the applicator, and the waveguide is connected to the applicator. an energy deflector located within the applicator transparent to said electromagnetic waves; temperature sensing means disposed at various heights within said container; - means for moving the deflector is in the electromagnetic wave transparent applicator, and the moving means is in communication with the controller and the electric field for controlling the temperature of the hydrocarbon fluid by changing the irradiation position; a hand for moving said electromagnetic energy deflector, including a motor electrically connected to said electromagnetic energy deflector; a stage for deflecting the electromagnetic energy in response to excitation of the motor by the controller; A device for separating hydrocarbons into fluids, characterized by moving a gas. (41) comprising means for changing the angle of the electromagnetic energy deflector; 41. The apparatus according to claim 40, characterized in that (42) Bands below 300 MHz to approximately 300 GHz an electromagnetic energy generator for generating electromagnetic energy in a region; a waveguide and a tubular electromagnetic wave transparent applicator having a closed end; an energy deflector located within the applicator; means for moving said waveguide to a manhole of a barge, said waveguide and applicator being located within said barge and said electromagnetic wave generator being energized, said waveguide being connected to a manhole of said barge to allow gas and fluid to enter and exit said waveguide; An apparatus for removing highly viscous hydrocarbon fluids from a barge by increasing fluid flowability, comprising: a sealing means for sealing; (43) After reducing the viscosity of the hydrocarbon fluid by heating it with electromagnetic energy, 43. Apparatus according to claim 42, characterized in that it includes pump means for removing the hydrogenated fluid. (44) Apparatus for automatically insulating a storage vessel using a portion of the hydrocarbon fluid present within the vessel to provide insulation when required by changes in atmospheric temperature. A perforated metal shield is spaced concentrically within the storage container and extends a predetermined distance inwardly from the side walls, top and bottom of the storage container corresponding to the thickness of the required layer of insulation. spaced apart; maintaining the position of said perforated metal shield within the storage container; electromagnetic energy from below 300 MHz to approximately 300 GHz. There is an electromagnetic wave generator that generates the energy; there is a waveguide that transmits the electromagnetic waves to the storage container; there is an applicator in the storage container that transmits the electromagnetic waves; receiving magnetic energy; an energy deflector located within the electromagnetic wave transparent applicator for deflecting the electromagnetic energy received by the electromagnetic wave transparent applicator to the fluid; orientation; the hole of the metal shield is between the side wall of the storage container and the metal shield; The perforated metal shield is sized such that during warm climates, the hydrocarbon fluid circulates therethrough and mixes with the hydrocarbons inside the perforated metal shield during warm climates, while the hydrocarbon fluid has a low viscosity; During the period when the viscosity of the hydrocarbon fluid increases, such circulation the annulus is blocked and the pores in the metal are increased during cold climates, the pores in the metal shield have dimensions smaller than the amplitude of the magnetic field, so that the metal shield reflects electromagnetic energy inwardly. Claims characterized in that the metal shield and the storage container sidewall are prevented from heating a layer of hydrocarbon fluid between the metal shield and the side wall of the storage vessel, forming an insulating layer therein during cold weather and conditions. Apparatus according to paragraph 42. (45) Reduce the viscosity of the oil in the pipeline, and In an apparatus for removing fins, a waveguide is connected to one end of a pipeline; a sealing means that transmits electromagnetic waves is located between the waveguide and the pipeline; and the sealing means that transmits electromagnetic waves is located between the waveguide and the pipeline. Electromagnetic energy is transparent, but oil in the pipeline is not. Do not overdo it; the electromagnetic wave generator generates approximately 300 gigabytes from the band below 300 megahertz. generating electromagnetic energy in the range up to Hertz; the electromagnetic wave generator is coupled to the waveguide to direct the electromagnetic energy through a sealing means transparent to the electromagnetic waves; The oil in the pipeline and the parallax on the side wall of the pipeline are transmitted to the pipeline. The fins are heated, thereby assimilating the paraffin with other hydrocarbons in the oil. The oil in the pipeline is characterized by being maintained in a dissolved state in the oil. A device that reduces the viscosity of oil and removes paraffin from the inner walls of pipelines.