JPS6141839Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the invention] (Industrial application field) This invention relates to a shield tunneling machine.
This invention relates to a shield excavator that prevents breakage of the excavating blade due to accumulation of excavated earth and sand around the excavating blade.

(Prior Art) Figures 1 and 2 show a rotary excavator C' in a conventional shield excavator. In the figure, 31 is a rotary drive shaft driven by a drive motor (not shown), and a plurality of cutter wings 32 are arranged radially at the tip thereof, and a tungsten carving is provided on the front surface of the shaft. A part of the carbide chip 33a made of a superhard material such as a cutting tool is used as the base material 3.
A plurality of digging blades 33 embedded in 3b are arranged,
In addition, a central excavating blade 34 is disposed at the center of the cutter wing 32.

However, in this type of shield excavator, the rotary excavator C' is configured to be reversible in the forward and reverse directions in order to correct the so-called rolling.
The plurality of excavation blades 33 are arranged asymmetrically as shown in FIG. 2 so that the ground in front can be evenly excavated. In FIG. 1, 35 is a shield cylinder made of steel plate, etc., 36 is a partition wall, 37 is a bearing and a seal, 38 is a face chamber, and 39 is a screw conveyor for conveying and discharging the excavated earth and sand in the face chamber 38. The soil removal device is shown.

In this conventional shield excavator, a plurality of pairs of excavating blades 33 are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the center line of each cutter wing 32, as shown in FIG. However, according to this, as shown in Fig. 3, the earth and sand G' excavated from the ground G tends to accumulate between adjacent excavation blades 33, and this excavated earth and sand G' There was a drawback that the base material 33b of the excavating blade 33 was worn out, and as a result, the carbide tip 33a was lost. For this reason, replacing the excavating blade 33 requires extremely complicated labor and costs. Furthermore,
In order to excavate in both forward and reverse directions, a large number of excavation blades 33 are required, which has the drawback of increasing costs. In addition,
In FIG. 3, d indicates the cutting depth of the ground G.

The present invention has been proposed to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks.

(Purpose of the invention) The purpose of the invention is to place a
A plurality of excavation blades are disposed so as not to be adjacent to each other along the direction of rotation thereof, and each excavation blade can excavate the ground independently in either case of forward or reverse rotation of the cutter wing. By using the constructed rotary excavation tool, it is possible to prevent excavated soil from accumulating between the excavation blades, prevent the base material of the excavation blade from wearing out and the resulting loss of carbide chips, and reduce the amount of time required to replace the excavation blade. An object of the present invention is to provide a shield excavator that reduces labor and costs.

(Structure of the idea) The present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

4 to 8 show a first embodiment of the present invention, and in FIGS. 4 and 5, C indicates a rotary excavator. This rotating excavator C has a bearing 3 provided at the center of a partition wall 2 in a shield cylinder 1.
A cutter wing 5 is fixed to the tip of the rotary drive shaft 4 in a radial manner (for example, in a cross shape), and a central excavation blade 7 is fixed to the center of the cutter wing 5. It is constructed by arranging a plurality of excavating blades 6 at appropriate intervals along the length direction of each cutter wing 5.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, each excavating blade 6 has a base material 6b made of steel having a substantially hexagonal column shape, and a carbide chip 6a made of a superhard material such as tungsten carbide attached to the tip of the base material 6b. embed,
It is formed by exposing a part of it to the front in a straight line, and in detail, as shown in FIG.
It is formed into a sharp shape by cutting the base material 6b in the front and back of a, that is, the front and back of the base material 6b in the excavation direction centering on the carbide tip 6a. It is designed to be able to excavate Mt. G. Further, these excavation blades 6 are asymmetrically disposed through the center of the cutter wing 5 in order to evenly excavate the ground G in front. In FIG. 4, 8 is a face chamber, 9 is an earth removal device, in FIG. 6, α is a clearance angle, α' is a rake angle approximately equal to the clearance angle α, and d is a cutting depth.

Here, in addition to the above-mentioned excavating blade 6, a carbide chip 6a ₁ embedded in a hexagonal columnar base material 6b ₁ with a corner as shown in FIG. The plan is to use a carbide chip 6a ₂ embedded in a cylindrical base material 6b ₂ with a straight tip end.

In this operation, the rotary drive shaft 4 rotates as a result of a drive motor (not shown), and the excavation blade 6 excavates the ground G as shown in FIG. At this time, the present invention does not have a pair of excavating blades arranged side by side along the excavation direction as in the past, but uses a single excavating blade 6 to enable excavation in both forward and reverse directions. The carbide chips 6a are smoothly discharged from around the carbide chips 6a without being accumulated around the excavation blade 6 during either forward or reverse rotation, and there is no risk of the base metal 6b being worn or the carbide chips 6a being chipped. In addition, as an example of the operation of the entire shield excavator, for example, as is well known, the excavated earth and sand in the face chamber 8 are
A conceivable method is to inject a viscosity imparting material or the like, stir and mix it to turn it into mud, and then excavate while preventing the face from collapsing due to the earth pressure and discharging the excavated soil using the earth removal device 9.

Next, FIG. 9 shows a rotary excavator C ₁ according to a second embodiment, in which three excavating blades 6 are fixed to one cutter head 5 in tandem. That is, in FIG. 9, the cutting blades 6 fixed to the cutter wings 5 in the vertical direction are arranged symmetrically with the central cutting blade 7 interposed therebetween, and the cutting blades 6 fixed to the cutter wings 5 in the horizontal direction are arranged symmetrically.
They are also arranged symmetrically. According to this embodiment, when the rotary excavator C ₁ rotates once, one point on the face is doubly excavated by the two excavating blades 6 located at symmetrical positions. In other words, In the case of excavating hard ground, etc., the amount of cutting carried by one excavation blade 6 is different from that of the first embodiment.
Since it is 1/2, use drilling blade 6 or carbide tip 6a.
This makes it possible to more effectively prevent wear and tear. In this embodiment as well, it is possible to use the digging blade 6 shown in FIG. 7 or 8.

Furthermore, FIGS. 10 and 11 show a third embodiment. The rotary excavator C ₂ of this example is:
It is constructed by protruding alternately from both side edges of the cutter wing 5 and disposing the digging blades 6 in a substantially staggered manner. Even in this embodiment, since the adjacent digging blades 6 are not lined up along the excavation direction, that is, the rotating direction of the cutter wing 5, the excavated soil does not accumulate between the excavating blades 6, and the Earth and sand can be discharged smoothly. In addition, in Figure 11,
As before, d is the depth of cut, α is the clearance angle, and α' is the rake angle approximately equal to the clearance angle α.

In each of the embodiments described above, most of the carbide chips 6a constituting the excavating blade 6 are buried in the base material 6b as shown in the figure, so that the excavating blade 6 can penetrate the ground G.
Carbide chips 6 reduce the impact force when colliding with gravel, etc.
can be absorbed by the base material 6b through a,
Breakage of the carbide chip 6a can be prevented.

(Effects of the invention) As described above, according to the invention, a plurality of cutter wings are disposed at the tip of a rotary drive shaft capable of forward and reverse rotation, and the rotation of the cutter wing is provided on the front surface of these cutter wings. A rotary excavator is provided in which a plurality of excavating blades are arranged so as not to be adjacent to each other along the moving direction, and the individual excavating blades are configured to be able to excavate in both forward and reverse directions. There is no risk of excavated soil accumulating between the excavating blades, and the wear and tear of the base material of the excavating blades and resulting chipping of the carbide chips is prevented, reducing the effort and expense required to replace the excavating blades. It has the effect of achieving Furthermore, since each excavating blade can independently excavate in both forward and reverse directions, the number of excavating blades can be reduced compared to the conventional method, which has the advantage of reducing costs accordingly.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 3 show a conventional shield excavator, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the main parts, Figure 2 is a front view of the rotary excavator, and Figure 3 is the second view during operation. 4 to 8 show the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the main part, FIG. 5 is a front view of the rotary excavation tool, 6th
The figure is an enlarged sectional view taken along line B-B in Figure 5 during operation.
FIGS. 7 and 8 are perspective views showing other embodiments of the excavating blade, FIG. 9 is a front view of a rotary excavator showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 10 and 11 are the main 10 is a front view of the rotary excavator, and FIG. 11 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG. 10 during operation. C, C ₁ , C ₂ ... Rotating drilling tool, 4 ... Rotating drive shaft, 5 ... Cutter wing, 6 ... Drilling blade, 6
a, 6a ₁ , 6a ₂ ... carbide chip, 6b, 6b ₁ , 6
b ₂ ...Base material.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A plurality of cutter wings are disposed at the tip of a rotary drive shaft capable of forward and reverse rotation, and a plurality of cutting blades are arranged in front of these cutter wings so as not to be adjacent to each other along the rotational direction of the cutter wings. What is claimed is: 1. A shield excavator comprising: a rotary excavator in which the excavating blades are configured to be capable of excavating in both forward and reverse directions;