JP2002349191A - Cutter head for shield machine and shield machine using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an easily replaceable cutter head and never causing a back wear in a cutting bit, and a shield machine having the cutter head. SOLUTION: In the cutter head 3 to be set in the front end part of a shield machine, cutting bits 15 and 17 having two-way machinability are mounted on the side surfaces of cutter spokes 13 provided radially from the center part thereof.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cutter head installed at a front end of a shield machine and a shield machine having the cutter head.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a cutter head of a general shield machine. FIG. 7A is an enlarged view of a portion surrounded by an ellipse indicated by reference numeral A in FIG. 6, and FIG. 7B is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 7A. A general cutter head 31 includes, as shown in FIG.
A plurality of cutter spokes 35 radially extending from the center to the outer peripheral ring 33 are provided. The cutter spoke 35 is provided with a plurality of cutting bits.

[0003] The types of cutting bits provided in the shield machine include a leading bit 37 which protrudes forward and cuts the ground first, and a ground which is slightly broken by the preceding bit is dug in full scale. It comprises a cutter bit 39. The leading bit 37 is a digging blade for scratching the ground at the time of digging, and has a blade that is narrow and has cutting properties in both directions, as shown in FIG. And, due to restrictions on the mounting space and the like, it is generally mounted at the center of the cutter spoke 35.

The cutter bits 39 are mounted on both sides of the cutter spoke 35 at symmetrical positions. The cutter bit is provided with a fixed rake angle so that the cemented carbide tip 41 has a one-way cutting property on the base material.

[0005]

However, the cutter head constructed as described above has the following problems. First, since the conventional leading bit 37 is fixed to the center of the cutter spoke 35 by welding or the like,
There is a problem that replacement work after wear cannot be easily performed.
In other words, it is necessary for a person to come to the face side of the cutter head 31 at the time of replacement, and it is necessary to improve the ground to stabilize the ground so that it can come out to the face side,
Alternatively, it is necessary to provide an intermediate shaft for exchanging bits.

[0008] Regarding the cutter bit 39, the cutter bit 39 installed on the opposite side of the rotation direction of each cutter spoke 35 does not contribute to the excavation of the ground at all, as shown in FIG. , Carbide tip 41
Base material (shank) by the flow of earth and sand
(Hereinafter referred to as "rear surface wear"), and as this proceeds, there is a problem that the carbide tip 41 falls off.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cutter head which can be easily replaced and does not cause abrasion of a cutting bit on its back surface, and a shield machine having the cutter head. I have.

[0008]

A cutter head according to the present invention is a cutter head installed at the front end of a shield machine, and has bidirectional cutting properties on the side surfaces of cutter spokes provided radially from the center. A cutting bit is attached.

[0009] The cutting bit is attached to a pedestal projecting to the side of the cutter spoke by attaching means that can be attached and detached from the rear.

[0010] The mounting portion between the cutting bit and the pedestal is
It is characterized by fitting an uneven portion which is uneven in the front-rear direction.

[0011] The cutting bit is characterized by comprising a preceding cutting bit and a subsequent cutting bit having a shorter height and a wider blade width than the preceding cutting bit. .

Further, the cutting bits are arranged in a staggered manner on both sides of the cutter spoke.

[0013] A shield machine according to the present invention includes the cutter head described above.

[0014]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a cutter head of a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an axial sectional view of the shield machine. First, an overall outline of the cutter head and the shield machine will be described with reference to FIGS. The shield machine comprises a cylindrical main body 1 and a cutter head 3 at the front end of the main body 1 for excavating the ground.
And a shield jack 5 for excavating the main body 1;
An erector device 7 for assembling the shield segment and an earth discharging device 9 for discharging earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 3 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 1, the cutter head 3 has an outer peripheral ring 11 and a plurality of cutter spokes 13 extending radially from the center to the outer peripheral ring. The cutter spoke 13 is provided with a plurality of cutting bits. 3 is an enlarged view showing a part of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 (a) is an enlarged view of a portion surrounded by an ellipse indicated by a symbol B in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 (b) is FIG. View A)
3A is a sectional view, FIG. 3C is an arrow BB view of FIG.
FIG. 3D is a C-C view of FIG. 3B. Less than,
The cutting bit will be described based on the drawings.

A plurality of cutting bits are mounted on both sides of the cutter spoke 13 in the rotation direction. There are two types of cutting bits, a leading cutting bit 15 and a following cutting bit 17. The preceding cutting bit 15 is for cutting the ground first when excavating, and the following cutting bit 17 is for further cutting the ground slightly cut off by the preceding cutting bit 15. Advanced cutting bit 15
Both the subsequent cutting bit 17 and the cutting bit 17 have a structure in which the carbide tips 19 are provided on both sides in the rotation direction so as to have cutting properties in both directions.

In this embodiment, a leading cutting bit 15 and a trailing cutting bit 17 are provided on both sides of each cutter spoke 13. The bits on both sides of the cutter spoke 13 are arranged in a staggered manner, and are arranged such that the preceding cutting bit 15 and the following cutting bit 17 can cover the entire cross section. . To be able to cover the entire cross section with each of the preceding cutting bit 15 and the following cutting bit 17 means that when the cutter head 3 makes one rotation, the entire cross section is covered by the locus of at least one bit. .

Next, the details of the preceding cutting bit 15 and the following cutting bit 17 will be described. First, the preceding cutting bit 15 will be described. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the preceding cutting bit 15, and FIG. 4 (a) is a view of the preceding cutting bit 15 viewed from the axial direction of the cutter spoke 13 as in FIG. 3 (b), and FIG. 4A is a side view when FIG. 4A is a front view, and FIG. 4C is a plan view when FIG. 4A is a front view. The leading cutting bit 15 is
1, a carbide tip 19 serving as a cutting blade installed on both sides of the base material 21 in the rotation direction, and a base material 2 between the carbide tips 19 on both sides.
1. Two carbide tips 23 installed to prevent wear
It is composed of The preceding cutting bit 15 configured as described above is mounted on a pedestal 25 protrudingly provided on both sides of the cutter spoke 13 through a bolt 27 to the base material 21 from the back side.

The carbide tips 19 and 23 embedded in the preceding cutting bit 15 are set to have a width approximately half that of the pedestal 25. The reason why the width is set to be as narrow as half is to take into account that the preceding cutting bit 15 is strongly excavated prior to receiving the resistance of the ground. An uneven portion 29 that is uneven in the front-rear direction is provided between the base material 21 and the pedestal 25 of the preceding cutting bit 15. This is because when the cutter head 3 is rotated to cut the ground, the preceding cutting bit 15
This is to make it a reaction force receiving portion when a resistance is received. Further, the surface portion of the base material 21 holding the carbide tip 19 is hardened to prevent abrasion.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the trailing cutting bit 17, and FIG. 5 (a) is a view showing the preceding cutting bit 15 viewed from the axial direction of the cutter spoke 13 as in FIG. 3 (b). 5
5B is a side view when FIG. 5A is a front view, and FIG.
FIG. 5C is a plan view when FIG. 5A is a front view. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the basic configuration itself is the same as that of the preceding cutting bit 15 shown in FIG. 4, but the width of the carbide tips 19 and 23 is set to twice the width of the preceding cutting bit 15. ing. The height is set lower than the preceding cutting bit 15. The reason why the width was set to be double is that excavation of the ground cut by the preceding cutting bit 15 is considered, so that the width of the cutting is assumed to be somewhat softer. It is intended to be wider and more efficient. On the other hand, the height of the subsequent cutting bit 17 is set low so that cutting can be started after the preceding cutting bit 15 is cut. In addition, similarly to the preceding cutting bit 15, an uneven portion 29 serving as a reaction force receiving portion that is uneven in the front-rear direction is provided between the base material 21 and the base 25 of the following cutting bit 17.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment configured as described above will be described. When the shield excavator is propelled and the cutter head 3 rotates, first, the preceding cutting bit 15 cuts the ground. At this time, cutter spoke 1
Since the cutting bits 15 and 17 on both sides of the cutting bit 3 are staggered, the preceding cutting bit 15 (or the rear cutting bit 15) located rearward in the rotation direction is formed by the earth and sand cut by the cutting bit ahead in the rotation direction. The back material does not occur because the base material of the row cutting bit 17) is shaved. Further, even if some earth and sand are hit, the wear of the base material 21 can be minimized because the carbide tips 19 and 23 are provided. Since the cutting bits 15 and 17 installed on each of the cutter spokes 13 are arranged in a zigzag pattern, the cutting bits 15 and 17 located rearward in the rotation direction also perform cutting. That is, the cutting bits installed on both sides of the cutter spoke 13 both contribute to the excavation of the ground, so that the cutting efficiency is significantly increased as compared with the conventional example.

With the rotation of the cutter head 3, the shield excavator advances, and the ground broken by the preceding cutting bit 15 is further cut by the following cutting bit 17 by this advance. Become. As described above, the ground is efficiently excavated by the preceding cutting bit 15 and the following cutting bit 17 as the shield machine advances.

In this embodiment, since each of the preceding cutting bit 15 and the following cutting bit 17 covers the entire cross section, only the preceding cutting bit 15 is worn first, and thereafter, Therefore, even if the preceding cutting bit 15 is worn, the following cutting bit 17 has the same cross section (the same path) even if the preceding cutting bit 15 is worn.
Can be cut, so that there is no part that is left uncut. When the cutting bit is replaced, the bolt 2 is inserted from the chamber on the back side of the cutter head 3.
7 can be carried out by loosening, so that there is no need to go to the face like the conventional replacement of the preceding bit, and the replacement work becomes much easier.

In the present embodiment, an example is shown in which the cutting bits 15 and 17 are arranged on both sides of the cutter spoke 13. However, the cutting bits 15, 17 according to the present invention.
Since each bit itself has bidirectional cutting properties, it is not necessary to provide cutting bits at symmetrical positions on both sides of the cutter spokes 13 as in the conventional example, and it is sufficient to provide them only on one side of the cutter spokes 13.

However, in the present embodiment, since the cutting bits having bidirectional cutting properties are arranged on both sides of the cutter spoke 13 in a staggered manner, there is no wear of the base material 21 and the cutting efficiency is greatly increased. As described above. If it is not considered to increase the cutting efficiency, the cutting bit of the present invention has the same number of cutting strips (cutter head) as the conventional mounting pattern because one cutting bit has bidirectional cutting properties. The number of mounting bits can be halved with respect to the number of cutting bits passing through a certain cross section during one rotation of 3.

[0026]

As described above, according to the present invention, in the cutter head installed at the front end of the shield excavator, the cutter having bidirectional cutting properties is provided on the side surface of the cutter spoke provided radially from the center. By attaching the bit, the cutter bit can be installed only on one side of the cutter spoke, and there is no back surface abrasion that occurs when a single-sided cutter bit is attached on both sides of the cutter spoke.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an axial sectional view of a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing a part of FIG. 1 in an enlarged manner.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a preceding cutting bit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a trailing cutting bit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a conventional cutter head.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view showing a part of FIG. 6 in an enlarged manner.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional problem.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 3 cutter head 13 cutter spoke 15 preceding cutting bit 17 trailing cutting bit 19 carbide tip 21 base material 25 pedestal 27 through bolt 29 irregularities

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Akira Kobayashi 1-2-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nihon Kokan Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroshi Saeki 2-2-2-8 Koraku, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 5 Within Yoken Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tohru Inada 2-82-8 Koraku, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Goyo Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Tamotsu Nakayama 2-2-2-8 Koraku, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 5 Within Yoken Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shin Sato 2-2-2-8 Koraku, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Goyo Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Iwao Iwao 2-2-2-8 Koraku, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 5 F-term in Yoken Construction Co., Ltd. (reference) 2D054 AC02 BA03 BB05 BB07

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A cutter head installed at a front end of a shield machine, wherein a cutting bit having bidirectional cutting properties is attached to a side surface of a cutter spoke provided radially from a center portion. Excavator cutter head. 2. The cutter for a shield machine according to claim 1, wherein the cutting bit is attached to a pedestal projecting to the side of the cutter spoke by attaching means that can be attached and detached from the rear. head. 3. The cutter head for a shield machine according to claim 2, wherein an attachment portion between the cutting bit and the pedestal is fitted with an uneven portion that is uneven in the front-rear direction. 4. The cutting bit comprises: a preceding cutting bit;
The cutter head for a shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a subsequent cutting bit having a shorter height and a wider blade width than the preceding cutting bit. 5. The cutting bit is staggered on both sides of a cutter spoke.
The cutter head of the shield machine according to any one of claims 4 to 4. 6. A shield machine comprising a cutter head according to claim 1.