JP3373608B2 - Auxiliary tunnel rig for hard rock - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is mainly used for excavation of a wide tunnel having a bow-shaped upper surface (hereinafter, also referred to as a wide tunnel), for example, as a tunnel for a multi-lane facing road, in a bedrock section. Hard rock for excavating an unexcavated part such as a fan-shaped section or a triangular section when excavating a tunnel with a cross-sectional shape in which multiple circular sections overlap and partly overlap each other. For auxiliary tunnel excavation equipment

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a device for excavating an unexcavated portion between a plurality of circular cross-section tunnels, a small rotary cutter disc provided behind a rotary main cutter disc provided at the tip of a shield excavator is known. Has been.
In the case of this device, since a part of the excavation range of the small cutter disk overlaps with that of the main cutter disk, an oscillating cutter having almost no such overlapping portion is also proposed.

In addition, there is an excavator disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-210193. This excavator connects a plurality of shield bodies with a large rotary cutter disc at the tip so that they can expand and contract in the width direction of the tunnel, and between the cutter discs, they are orthogonal to the direction of excavation horizontally and vertically. It has a structure in which a large number of drum cutters having a rotating shaft and ring cutters are arranged so as to be overlapped in the excavation direction.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned conventional device has the following disadvantages.

In any of the devices, the geology to be excavated is so-called soft geology such as silt, clay, and sand, and a cutting type cutter is used. Therefore, it cannot be applied to excavation of tunnels in rock.

In any of these devices, the drive mechanism including the structure of the cutter is complicated, downsizing is difficult, and a large occupied space is required.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and it is possible to excavate and remove an unexcavated portion between a plurality of tunnels when a tunnel having a circular cross section is excavated in a rock portion, An object of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary tunnel excavation device for hard rock, which has a simple structure and can be easily installed in a shield excavator for hard rock.

[0008]

[0009]

[Means for Solving the Problems]
A hard rock auxiliary tunnel excavation device according to the present invention is
At the front end of the shield excavator body, multiple hard rock cutter
Adjacent arc-shaped seams of shielded excavators with discs
The opening width gradually increases in the tunnel excavation direction between the ridges.
Or, form an opening that expands in stages and B) Inside the opening
Multiple sets of roller cutters along opposite opening edges of
Partly protruding into the opening and facing each other.
Each is mounted so that it can rotate.

As described in claim 2, it is preferable that C) the roller cutters of each set are displaced in the vertical direction along the arcuate surface of the arcuate shield portion and are mounted in a plurality of stages.

As described in claim 3 , D) the plurality of sets of roller cutters may be attached so as to be substantially orthogonal to the arcuate surface of the arcuate shield portion at their attachment positions.

[0012]

[0013]

The hard rock supplement according to the present invention having the above structure
According to the auxiliary tunnel excavation device, a pair of the largest and most closely spaced pairs of the first and second openings near the front end of the opening are first compared to the unexcavated portion between the tunnels of circular cross section that are excavated by the plurality of cutter disks at the front end. The roller cutter abuts, and as the shield excavator advances, the blade edge of the roller cutter bites into both sides of the unexcavated portion and rotates. This causes cracks on both sides of the unexcavated portion where the blade edge of the roller cutter bites. Then, a pair of roller cutters facing each other with the second largest spacing come into contact with each other, and the blade edges of the roller cutters rotate while biting deeply into both sides of the unexcavated portion as the shield excavator advances. As a result, cracks are slightly deeply formed on both sides of the unexcavated portion where the blade edge of the roller cutter bites. Thus, in the vicinity of the rear end of the opening, a pair of roller cutters facing each other with the smallest gap abut, when the blade edge of the roller cutter bites deeply into both sides of the unexcavated part as the shield excavator advances. Alternatively, before reaching that point, the unexcavated portion is divided at the position of the roller cutter and is dropped and removed.

In the auxiliary tunnel excavating device according to the second aspect of the present invention, at the abutting positions of the roller cutters of each set, the blade tips of the roller cutters facing each other at the same time are provided at the unexcavated portion between the tunnels having the circular cross section. Since it bites into the unexcavated portion, multiple cracks are formed in the vertical direction, and the unexcavated portion is divided into smaller pieces. As a result, the unexcavated portion is surely divided, and the excavated debris becomes small, which facilitates the recovery.

In the auxiliary tunnel excavating device according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the rotary shaft that rotatably supports the roller cutter is arranged substantially parallel to the arcuate surface of the arcuate shield portion at the mounting position thereof, Alignment of the roller cutter within the shield is facilitated.

[0016]

1 to 4 show a hard rock shield excavator 1 equipped with an auxiliary tunnel excavation device 41 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. This shield excavator 1 is, for example, a tunnel in which a plurality of circular cross-sections are partially overlapped in an arc shape in the excavation process of a wide main tunnel A for a highway (right side of FIG. , Called a bow tunnel). Prior to the excavation work of the arcuate tunnel D, a cross section having a large diameter is obtained by a known hard rock shield excavator (not shown) equipped with hard rock cutter disks at positions corresponding to both sides of the tunnel A. The circular auxiliary tunnels B are excavated in parallel (Fig. 5).
(a)). Then, in the auxiliary tunnel B, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, concrete having a thickness approximately half the diameter of the tunnel is poured to form a side wall C (FIG. 5 (b)).

An arcuate tunnel D is excavated while advancing the shield excavator 1 using the opposing inclined walls C1 formed at the upper ends of the concrete side walls C on both sides as a guide (FIG. 5 (c)). In this shield excavator 1, in this example, a space in which five cylindrical shield parts are partially overlapped and integrated to communicate with each other, that is, a five-circle circle in which five circles overlap each other to form an arc shape Shield with open cross section space
A shield excavator main body 2 provided with 6 and a shield excavator main body 2 equipped with the front end portion of the excavator main body 2 alternately displaced in the front-rear direction.
The excavation means 5 of the machine. The excavation means 5 includes a cutter disk 7 in which a large number of roller cutters 7a are rotatably arranged as shown in FIG.
The ring gear 9 is rotatably disposed in front of the outer peripheral support.
This is a structure in which the cutter disk 7 is rotated by a drive motor 9 arranged above the partition wall 8 via a.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a front gripper 11 that projects outward in the radial direction is provided at an appropriate position just behind the cutter disk 7 of the cylindrical shield 6, and these fronts are provided. The cutter disk 7 is formed by projecting the gripper 11 and pressing it against the excavation surface.
The cylindrical shield 6 is held in place during the rotation of, and the cutter disk 7 is prevented from swinging. Further, a sled 10 is provided below the bottom surface of the cylindrical shield 6 in the longitudinal direction, and the excavator body 2 slides on the excavated hole surface via the sled 10. Further, a frame body 12 having a rectangular cross section is integrally extended rearward from the central portion of the partition wall 8, and a frame body 22 having a rectangular cross section having an inner opening slightly larger than the frame body 12 is provided on the excavator main body 2 side. The frame 12 is provided and the frame 12 is slidably fitted in the frame 22.

The frame 22 on the main body 2 side of the excavator is pivotally attached via a pivot shaft 24 to a support frame 23 whose front portion on the lower surface side is fixed to each shield portion 3a. Pitching jack 25 between the bottom and the bottom of the shield 3a.
Is installed. Therefore, by expanding and contracting the pitching jack 25, the front side of the frame body 22 is swung in the vertical direction about the pivot shaft 24. Between the middle part of the frame 22 and the rear end of the frame 12, two on each side (total 4
The thrust jack 26 of FIG. 3 is interposed, and the thrust jack 26 is contracted from the state shown in FIG. 3 so that the excavation means 5 (cylindrical shield 6 and cutter disk 7) can move the thrust jack 26 to the excavator body 2 at the maximum. Move forward by 26 strokes.

As shown in FIG. 4, in order to discharge excavated rocks and excavated earth and sand from the space (cutter chamber) 8a between the excavator 5 and the cutter disk 7 in front of the partition wall 8, first belt conveyor 27 is used. Is arranged behind the frame body 12 through the central portion of the partition wall 8 and the inside of the frame body 12. A soil outlet 27a is provided on the lower surface of the rear end of the first belt conveyor 27, and a second belt conveyor 28 is disposed below the soil outlet 27a in the front-rear direction of the excavator body 2. The first belt conveyor 27 and the second belt conveyor 28 are the excavation means 5
Corresponding to, in this example, five are provided for each.
The fourth belt conveyors 30 are arranged in the front-rear direction on both sides in the excavator body 2, and extend from the lower rear end of the second central belt conveyor 28 to the upper front end of the left and right fourth belt conveyors 30. The three-belt conveyors 29, 29 are arranged in the width direction of the excavator main body 2, respectively. It should be noted that the third belt conveyor 29, as shown in FIG.
Although it inclines downward from the center to the side, in this example, it is further divided into a belt conveyor 29a near the center and a belt conveyor 29b near the side.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, an arch-shaped thrust support frame 31 is disposed above the rear portion of the shield 3, and one end of a large number of shield jacks 32 is attached to the thrust support frame 31. , Each shield jack 3
The other end of 2 is directed rearward. When the excavator body 2 advances, the other ends of the shield jacks 32 are brought into contact with the arch-shaped segment ceiling wall E assembled near the rear end of the shield 3. This ceiling wall E is
In this example, it is divided into multiple segment pieces,
The concrete side walls C on both sides are erected from one upper end inclined portion C1 to the other upper end inclined portion C1. The assembly of the ceiling wall E is performed by a dedicated erector (not shown) connected and arranged immediately behind the excavator main body 2.

By the way, the above hard rock shield excavator 1
In order to assemble the ceiling wall E into an arch shape as high as possible in the arcuate tunnel D and effectively utilize the lower part thereof as the main tunnel A, a fan-shaped unexcavated portion D ′ (FIG. 5) between tunnel portions having a plurality of circular cross sections is used. (c) Left side) is provided with a plurality of auxiliary tunnel excavation devices 41 according to the embodiment of the present invention. These auxiliary tunnel excavation devices 41 are provided laterally at the rear of the shield 3 (FIG. 3) at both sides and between the arcuate shield portions 3a, 3a as shown in FIG. Each excavation device 41 has the following structure. That is, the recess 3b is formed between the shield portions 3a and 3a.
To form a small cylindrical drum 4 in the recess 3b.
2 is arranged so as to be exposed to the outside (upward), and each shield portion 3a
It is rotatably supported by bearing devices 48, 48 extending downward from the end of the.

On the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical cutter drum 42,
While arranging a large number of roller cutters 42a for crushing in a spiral shape, as shown in FIG. 7, a part of the roller cutters 42a is projected outward from the outer peripheral surface of the drum 42, and each is rotatably rotatably supported. There is. Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a drive motor 43 for rotating the drum 42 is installed in the shield part 3a, and a drive shaft (not shown) of the drive motor 43 is attached to the rotary shaft 42b of the drum 42. Connected.
Further, an intake port 44 (FIG. 3) for excavating rock or the like is opened between the shield portions 3a and 3a below each drum 42, and a belt conveyor 45 is provided below the intake port 44 and the second belt conveyor 28 is provided. It is arranged in parallel with.

The excavator 41 according to the first embodiment of the present invention and the hard rock shield excavator 1 including the excavator 41 are constructed as described above. The excavation operation of the excavation device 41 will be described with reference to FIG.

As described above, prior to the excavation work of the arcuate tunnel D, at the positions corresponding to both sides of the main tunnel A,
Auxiliary tunnels B having a circular cross section with a large diameter are excavated in parallel (Fig. 5 (a)). Subsequently, a concrete side wall C having a thickness approximately half the inner diameter thereof is formed in the auxiliary tunnel B (FIG. 5 (b)). The shield excavator 1 intermittently advances by a predetermined distance using the inclined wall C1 formed at the upper end of the concrete side walls C on both sides and the mine wall excavated by the cutter disk 7 as guides.

That is, while the excavator body 2 is stopped at a fixed position, the cutter disks 7 of the excavating means 5 are simultaneously rotated, and at the same time, the front gripper 11 of the cylindrical shield 6 is pushed and held against the excavating surface. While excavating the arcuate tunnel D (on the left side in FIG. 5C), the thrust jack 26 is contracted according to the excavation situation, and the excavation means 5 is advanced. In this way, all the excavation means 5 are connected to the excavator body 2
On the other hand, in a state where the cutter disk 7 has been advanced to the foremost position, the rotation of each cutter disk 7 is temporarily stopped, and the rear shield jack 32 is brought into contact with the segment ceiling wall E to extend so that the excavator main body 2 moves forward. Push back to side 5. When the excavator main body 2 moves forward, the cylindrical cutter drums 42 of the rear auxiliary tunnel excavation devices 41 are simultaneously rotated to excavate a fan-shaped unexcavated portion D ′ remaining between the tunnel portions having a circular cross section. , (Right side of FIG. 5 (c)).

After that, the shield jack 32 is contracted,
An arch-shaped ceiling wall E is assembled in a space with the existing segment-made ceiling wall E by a plurality of segment pieces (FIG. 5 (d) left side). Further, the excavating means 5 on the front side excavates the arcuate tunnel D in which the five circular cross sections are partially overlapped and continuous in the above-described manner.

The rock portion excavated by the cutter disk 7 of each excavating means 5 is crushed by the roller cutter 7a on the front surface and introduced into the cutter chamber 8a as a small rock piece. From there, it is conveyed by the first belt conveyor 27 into the excavator main body 2 and then discharged to the rear of the shield excavator 1 through the second belt conveyor 28, the third belt conveyor 29, and the fourth belt conveyor 30 in this order. It

Further, a fan-shaped unexcavated portion D'remains between adjacent circular cross-section tunnel portions of the arcuate tunnel D excavated by the cutter disk 7 of each excavating means 5, as shown in FIGS. In addition, those unexcavated portions D ′ are formed by the roller cutter 42a on the peripheral surface when the cylindrical drum 42 rotates.
After being crushed by the crusher and divided into small lumps of rock, they are dropped from the intake port 44 onto the belt conveyor 45 below and collected, and are collected by the third belt conveyor 29 and the fourth belt conveyor 29.
It is discharged to the rear of the shield excavator 1 through the belt conveyor 30 in order.

As described above, the concrete side walls C on both sides and the arch-shaped concrete ceiling wall E between the upper end inclined portions C1 are formed. Then, a part of the auxiliary tunnel B and a part of the arcuate tunnel D are already formed as a tunnel part in the lower part surrounded by the walls C and E, so that the unexcavated part F (Fig. 5 (d)). The left side) is relatively few. Moreover, since collapse prevention processing of the excavation surface is not necessary, the wide tunnel A can be completed in a short period of time by excavating the unexcavated portion F with, for example, a small hard rock excavator (not shown) (Fig. 5 (d) right side). Note that FIG.
The symbol G in FIG. 2 indicates the road pavement part of this tunnel A.

Although one embodiment of the auxiliary tunnel excavating device has been introduced above, the present invention can also be carried out as follows.

A) As shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b), the opening width gradually expands in the excavation direction (direction of the arrow) between the arcuate shield portions 3a, 3a. Opening 3
c, and facing opening edge portions 3d to 3 in the opening portion 3c
A pair of roller cutters 46 and 46 are arranged so as to face each other along g, and a part of them is protruded into the opening 3c and is rotatably attached thereto. Each roller cutter 46 supports a rotary shaft (not shown) by a bearing (not shown).

Auxiliary tunnel excavating device 4 of the present embodiment described above
In the case of 1 ', first, in the vicinity of the front end of the opening 3c, with respect to the fan-shaped unexcavated portion between the tunnel portions having the circular cross section which is excavated by the cutter disk 7 of the excavation means 5 at the front end,
A pair of roller cutters 46 having the largest gap and facing each other
-46 abuts and the blade edge of the roller cutter 46 rotates while biting into both sides of the unexcavated portion as the shield excavator 1 advances. As a result, the roller cutter 46.4
Cracks are formed on both sides of the unexcavated portion D'where the cutting edge of 6 has bitten. Subsequently, a pair of roller cutters 46, 46 having the second largest gap and facing each other come into contact with each other, and as the shield excavator 1 excavates, the blade tip of the roller cutter 46 bites deeply into both sides of the unexcavated portion. Rotate. In this way, when the blade edges of the pair of roller cutters 46, 46 facing each other with the smallest gap near the rear end of the opening 3c bite deeply into both sides of the unexcavated portion D ', the unexcavated portion D'is Is separated at the position of the roller cutter 46 and falls into the opening 3c to be removed. In particular, the auxiliary tunnel excavation device 41 ′ of this example includes the roller cutter 4
A drive motor for rotating 6 is unnecessary, and the structure is simple. In addition, the opening edge portions of the opening portion 3c facing each other are gradually enlarged toward the front in a tapered shape. The roller cutters 46 there may be provided in order.

B) As shown in FIG. 8 (c), the rotating shafts 46a of the roller cutters 46 facing each other are arranged substantially parallel to the arc surface of the arc-shaped shield portion 3a. If they are arranged so as to be substantially orthogonal to the arc surface of the arc-shaped shield part 3a, a sufficient space for installing the bearing 47 that supports the rotating shaft (not shown) of the roller cutter 46 is secured in the shield part 3a. It

C) Although illustration is omitted, if there is enough space in the shield part 3a for installation, the roller cutters 46, 46 of each set should be positioned vertically along the arc surface of the arc-shaped shield part 3a. It is advisable to shift them and attach them to two or three steps. In this case, since the blade edges of the two to three stages of roller cutters 46 bite into the unexcavated portion D ′ between the tunnel sections having the circular cross section at the same time, the upper and lower sides of the unexcavated portion D ′ are vertically moved. Several cracks are formed in the direction, and it is divided into smaller pieces.

D) The hard rock shield excavator 1 equipped with the auxiliary tunnel excavation equipment 41, 41 'is not limited to that of the above-mentioned embodiment. For example, a shield excavator in which two or three hard rock cutter disks are provided at the front end of the shield body, and the shield body has a cross-sectional shape that is formed by overlapping two or three circular cross-sections partially ( (Not shown). In addition, as long as it is a fan-shaped or triangular unexcavated portion that occurs between the tunnel portions having a circular cross section, the portion that can be excavated by the auxiliary tunnel excavation device 41/41 ′ may be the upper portion or the lower portion of the tunnel.

E) The unexcavated portion that can be excavated by the present excavator includes not only a fan shape or a triangular shape when viewed from the front but also, for example, a U shape or a trapezoidal shape.

[0038]

As is apparent from the above description,
The auxiliary tunnel excavation device of the present invention has the following effects.

[0039] (1) Drilling device according to claim 1, wherein the overlap portions in the rock portion of the plurality of circular cross-section is continuous tunnel, a non-drilling portion, such as fan-shaped cross section or triangular cross section, the upper and lower Can be surely excavated and removed regardless. For this reason,
The effective area that can be used as a tunnel is expanded, and the cross-section utilization efficiency is improved. In particular, it is effective when excavating a tunnel in which a plurality of circular cross sections partially overlap each other and form an arc shape.

(2) The excavator according to claim 1 does not require a drive device for the roller cutter, has a simple structure, and can be easily mounted in the shield.

(3) In the excavating device according to claim 2 , since the blade tips of the roller cutters of a plurality of stages simultaneously bite into the unexcavated portion and are divided into smaller pieces, the excavated rock (dust) becomes small and the excavated rock is recovered. Will be easier.

(4) In the excavator according to claim 3 , the roller cutter can be easily arranged in the shield.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the outline of a hard rock shield excavator including an auxiliary tunnel excavating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the shield excavator of FIG. 1, II of FIG.
It is a II sectional view.

FIG. 3 is a plan view in which a part of the shield excavator of FIG. 1 is cut away.

4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

5 (a) to 5 (d) are schematic front views sequentially showing a process of excavating a wide main tunnel A using the shield excavator of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing an enlarged auxiliary tunnel excavating device as a first embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG.

8 (a) is a plan view showing the outline of an auxiliary tunnel excavating device as a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 (b) is FIG.
8A is a sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII, and FIG. 8C shows an outline of an auxiliary tunnel excavating device as a third embodiment of the present invention.
It is sectional drawing corresponding to (b).

[Explanation of symbols]

1 shield excavator 2 excavator body 3 shield 3a shield part 7 Cutter disc 31 thrust support frame 32 shield jack 41 Auxiliary tunnel excavation equipment 42 Cylindrical cutter drum 42a ・ 46 Roller cutter A wide book tunnel D bow-shaped tunnel D'fan-shaped unexcavated part

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-2-213594 (JP, A) JP-A-4-285291 (JP, A) JP-A-2-210193 (JP, A) (58) Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E21D 9/08 E21D 9/087 E21D 9/10 E21D 9/06 301

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An auxiliary tunnel excavating device for hard rock for excavating an unexcavated portion such as a substantially fan-shaped section or a triangular section of a tunnel having a cross-sectional shape in which a plurality of circular cross-sections are continuous , the shield excavator main body comprising: Multiple hard rock cutters at the front end
Adjacent arc-shaped seams of shielded excavators with discs
The opening width gradually increases in the tunnel excavation direction between the ridges.
Alternatively, a plurality of sets of rows may be formed along the opposing opening edges within the opening by forming an opening that gradually expands.
Part of the la cutter is projected into the opening and
A hard rock tunnel excavation device characterized by being mounted so that they can face each other and rotate freely . 2. The roller cutters of each set are connected to the circular arc.
The position is vertically displaced along the arc surface of the circular shield.
The hard rock tunnel excavating device according to claim 1, wherein the hard rock tunnel excavating device is installed in a plurality of stages . 3. A plurality of sets of roller cutters
Almost orthogonal to the arc surface of the arc-shaped shield part at the mounting position
The hard rock tunnel excavation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein