JPS6129229B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] In nuclear fusion research and other fields, there has been an increasing need for a device that stores the required energy and releases it in a very short period of time to instantly obtain a large current. .

The present invention relates to a high-voltage pulse generator that is a new method for realizing this purpose.

An example of a conventional high voltage pulse generator of this type will be described. Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of a high-voltage pulse generator, and the part surrounded by the chain line 1 is a known multi-stage impulse voltage generator, in which n capacitors C are charged with positive and negative voltages, and a discharge gap G A voltage of nV is generated by discharging in series through the 2 is a metal cylindrical container and electrode, 3 is a metal cylindrical electrode, and 4 is pure water, which fills the space between electrodes 2 and 3 to insulate them, and forms a capacitor by using the high dielectric constant of pure water 4. Then, it is charged with a voltage of nV generated by the multistage impulse voltage generator 1. 5 and 6 are insulators for holding and insulating the electrodes 2 and 3 and preventing the pure water 4 from leaking. The charge having a voltage of nV accumulated between the electrodes 2 and 3 is discharged to the load 9 through the discharge gap 7. The load 9 is supplied with extremely high output pulse energy for a very short period of time. In addition, 8
is an electrode directly connected to the load 9.

However, in the above-described high voltage pulse generator, the withstand voltage of the pure water 4 is a problem. From past experience, it has been found that one of the factors for the dielectric breakdown potential gradient of pure water 4 is the application time, and the dielectric breakdown potential gradient is inversely proportional to the 1/3 power of the application time.
As a specific example, at a pulse width of 1 μs,
A withstand voltage of 100kV/cm or more can be obtained.

In view of the above, rapid discharge from the multi-stage impulse voltage generator to the water capacitor is required, and therefore there has been a need to reduce the inductance of the impulse voltage generating circuit. Current high-voltage pulse generators are compact by housing the impulse voltage generator in an oil tank to reduce the inductance of the impulse voltage generator, but the entire device with a complex circuit configuration is housed in oil. Since high-voltage insulation must be provided and consumable parts such as discharge electrodes are included, maintenance such as replacement and adjustment of these parts is difficult.

The present invention aims to provide a high voltage pulse generator which eliminates the above-mentioned problems.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.

FIG. 2 is a diagram explaining the principle of the high voltage pulse generator of the present invention, in which 11 is an insulator, 12 is a center conductor, 1
Reference numerals 3, 14, and 15 denote annular magnetic bodies through which the central conductor 12 passes through an insulator 11. 16, 17, 18 are one-turn coils for exciting the annular magnetic bodies 13, 14, 15, respectively; 19, 20, 21 are capacitor power supplies connected to the one-turn coils 16, 17, 18, respectively; The electric charge accumulated in _C1 is simultaneously discharged to each one-turn coil 16, 17, and 18 through a discharge gap _G1 .

Now, let the voltage of capacitor C ₁ be V, and capacitor power supplies 19, 20, 21..., coils 16, 1
7, 18..., the number of sets of magnetic bodies 13, 14, 15... is n, and when the capacitor power supply is discharged simultaneously, the rate of change of the magnetic flux Φ of each magnetic body with respect to time t has the following relationship: V = dΦ/dt. To establish.

At this time, the voltage generated across the center conductor 12 is:
ΣdΦ/dt=nV. That is, the value of the product of the voltage of the capacitor power supply and the number of capacitors is induced across the center conductor 12. Moreover, since each capacitor power supply is individually grounded, the capacitor power supply itself will not rise to a high voltage, so only the coaxial insulator 11 is placed between the one-turn coils 16, 17, and 18 and the center conductor 12. The structure is simple. This simplification of the insulation structure also leads to a reduction in inductance, which is particularly required in the high voltage pulse generator of the present invention.

Insulator 11 of the high voltage pulse generator of the present invention,
The part composed of the central conductor 12, magnetic bodies 13, 14, 15, and one-turn coils 16, 17, and 18 is a kind of pulse transformer, and the one-turn coils 16, 1
7 and 18 may be regarded as primary coils, and the center conductor 12 may be regarded as a secondary coil, and both ends T _A and T _B of the center conductor 12 serve as output terminals of the secondary coil.

The smaller the gap between the primary coil and the secondary coil, the smaller the leakage inductance of this pulse transformer. That is, based on the simplicity of the structure of the insulator 11, a structure with high reliability and a thin insulation thickness can be adopted, so that inductance can be reduced. Further, since the discharge gap _G1 is insulated from the center conductor 12 and attached to a single capacitor power supply, ground insulation is easy and maintenance is also easy.

In Fig. 2, the output terminal T _A ' of the center conductor (secondary coil) 12 of the pulse transformer is connected to the terminal T _A through the secondary return circuit 35 (formed of a conductor) of the pulse transformer, and becomes a ground terminal. , and the other output terminal T _B of the center conductor (secondary coil) 12 is a high voltage terminal. 36 is a metal cylindrical external electrode, 37 is a metal cylindrical internal electrode, and the external electrode 36 and the internal electrode 37 are arranged coaxially. 38 is pure water, which forms a dielectric material and which is connected to the external electrode 3.
6 and internal electrode 37 and pure water 38 constitute a coaxial capacitor. When the secondary output voltage of the pulse transformer is applied between the external electrode 36 and the internal electrode 37, the coaxial capacitor is charged with high-voltage energy, and the charged energy is instantly discharged through the discharge gap 39. High voltage and large current output can be obtained with a short pulse width.

Next, an embodiment of the high voltage pulse generator of the present invention will be described.

Fig. 3 is a side sectional view of an embodiment of the high voltage pulse generator of the present invention, and Fig. 4 shows the main part of Fig. 3, including an iron core, a coil wound once around the iron core, and a connection between the one-turn coil and the coaxial cable. 1 is a side cross-sectional view, and b is a plan view of a seen from a right angle direction.

FIG. 5 is a front view of an embodiment of the high voltage pulse generator of the present invention, as seen from side A in FIG. 3.

In Figures 3 to 5, 31 is an insulator;
2' is an insulating cylinder, which corresponds to the insulator 11 in FIG. 33 is a ring-shaped magnetic body, which is similar to the ring-shaped magnetic body 1 in Fig. 2.
3, 14, 15, for example, thickness 25μm, width
The core is made by winding a 50mm ultra-thin silicon steel plate onto a disc with an inner diameter of 550mm, a winding thickness of 530mm, and an outer diameter of 1610mm. FIG. 4 is a combination diagram of an annular magnetic body 33 and a one-turn coil 45, where 33 shows a cross section of the annular magnetic body,
An insulator 40 is applied to the entire surface, and a one-turn coil 4
An insulating layer 41 is provided on the inner and outer surfaces of 5. 1
The metal terminals 42 and 43 of the wound coil 45 are connected to the capacitor power supply via a coaxial cable 44. The center conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to a terminal 42, and the outer conductor is connected to a terminal 43. A plurality of one-turn coils can be provided in one annular magnetic body to reduce inductance. In the example shown in FIG. 5, eight one-turn coils 45 are provided in one annular magnetic body.
In addition, one 1-turn coil requires two coaxial cables 4
4 are connected in parallel to reduce inductance.

In other words, there are 16 coaxial cables per annular magnetic body.
I will attach the book. 46 is the terminal 42, 43
This is an insulator for fixing the mutual positions of the coaxial cables 44 and preventing creeping discharge of the coaxial cable 44.

In FIG. 3, the above-mentioned annular magnetic body 33 and one-turn coil group 45 constitute one block, and 30 blocks are arranged around the center conductor (secondary coil) 34 with an insulating cylinder 32 interposed therebetween. A coaxial cable 44 connected to the one-turn coil 45 is connected to a 100 kV low inductance capacitor power supply. The capacitor power supply is 10kJ per annular magnetic body, and 300kJ is connected to the capacitor power supply for 30 blocks.

Considering the total inductance of the discharge circuit of the high voltage pulse generator of the present invention, the 1-turn coil 1
The inductance of the capacitor power supply per block is 148nH, and when viewed from the center conductor 34 side, 30 blocks are connected in series, so the inductance is
It is 4.44 μH. 1-turn coil (primary coil) 45
The total leakage inductance between the and the center conductor (secondary coil) 34 is 1.38μH, and the total inductance of these is 5.82μH, which is a low inductance value that is difficult to achieve with conventional multistage shock voltage generators. can get.

3 and 5, 35 is the secondary return circuit of the pulse transformer, and each 1-turn coil 8
One end is connected to the center conductor 34 on the A side shown in FIG. 3, and the other end is connected to the metal cylindrical outer electrode 36 of the coaxial capacitor. 37 is a metal cylindrical internal electrode, and 38 is pure water. The external electrode 36, the internal electrode 37, and the pure water 38 form a coaxial capacitor. 39 is a discharge gap.

In this example, the capacitance between the external electrode 36 and the internal electrode 37 is 0.04 μF, but the device of the present invention allows charging within 1 μs. The energy stored between the outer electrode 36 and the inner electrode 37 is then discharged to the load through the discharge gap 39.

As mentioned above, the high-voltage pulse generator of the present invention has a simpler structure and easier maintenance and inspection than conventional high-voltage pulse generators equipped with multi-stage shock voltage generators, and has other advantages such as small inductance. It has great industrial and practical value.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional high voltage pulse generator, Fig. 2 is a diagram explaining the principle of the high voltage pulse generator of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a side cross section of an embodiment of the high voltage pulse generator of the present invention. Figure 4 shows the main parts of Figure 3, showing the iron core, the 1-turn coil wound once around the iron core, and the connection between the 1-turn coil and the coaxial cable. FIG. 5 is a front view of an embodiment of the high voltage pulse generator of the present invention. 31: Insulator, 32: Insulating tube, 33: Annular magnetic material, 34: Center conductor, 35: Secondary return circuit of pulse transformer, 36: External electrode, 37: Internal electrode, 38: Pure water, 39: Discharge Gap, 40: Insulator, 41: Insulating layer, 42, 43: Terminal, 44: Coaxial cable, 45: 1-turn coil, 46: Insulator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A ring-shaped magnetic body divided into a plurality of pieces, a coil wound once to excite each ring-shaped magnetic body, a circuit that connects a capacitor power supply to the coil, and a high voltage generation that passes through the plurality of ring-shaped magnetic bodies. A capacitor with water as a dielectric connected to the center conductor, and a discharge gap for discharging the charge accumulated in the capacitor. 1. A high voltage pulse generator, characterized in that the capacitor having water as a dielectric is charged with a high voltage in pulses, and then the high voltage pulse is generated through the discharge gap.