JPS61287437A - Dispersing device for three phase fluidized bed reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve operation performance and reliability by disposing plural ejection orifices ejecting gas/liquid mixed phase stream toward horizontal direction to the top of a dispersing cylinder, and disposing also flexible plates for letting the ejection nozzles open downward to the ejection nozzles of the ejection orifices. CONSTITUTION:Plural ejection orifices 12 for ejecting gas/liquid mixed phase stream in the horizontal direction are disposed to the top of a dispersing cylinder 11 for passing gas/liquid mixed stream (b, c) installed to penetrate through an attaching plate 2 at the bottom of a main body. Further, flexible dispering plates 14a are attached to the ejection nozzles 12a of the ejection orifices 12 to cover the orifices. Gas/liquid mixed phase stream (b, c) is ejected from each ejecting orifice 12, collides the dispersing plates 14a and is deflected downwards. Thus, the gas is atomized remarkably enlarging contact surface area between the gas and the liquid. Simultaneously, dispersing effect into solid is also enhanced, and dispersing performance and reaction performance of a fluidized bed reactor is improved remarkably.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a gas/liquid multiphase flow dispersion device VC in a three-phase fluid reactor in which solid, liquid, and gas are simultaneously contacted and reacted in a fluidized state. It is.

(Prior Art) The three-phase fluidized reactor is known to be effective when the reaction that occurs is a significantly exothermic reaction because it has good contact efficiency between solid, liquid, and gas and is in a fluid state. For example, there are catalytic reactors such as hydrodesulfurization reactors, which supply hydrogen to heavy and medium oil fractions separated from crude oil in the presence of a catalyst, and hydrocracking reactors, which react with three-phase flow. A specific example of hydrodesulfurization of a petroleum type, medium oil fraction using a reactor is a cylinder with a diameter of 0.5 to 5 mm under the conditions of a pressure of 50 to 150, 9/c1rL"G and a temperature of 350 to 420°C. In the above, a spherical nickel-molybdenum-based, cono(luto-molybdenum-based, or tungsten-molybdenum-based catalyst) is brought into contact with the supplied oil and gaseous water to form a three-phase fluidized bed, and a hydrogenation reaction is accomplished.

The three-phase flow reactor is described in Sakae Tanaka, Chemical Engineering Vol. 34,
12 (1970) etc., the general flow state is described in detail, and solid particles such as catalyst packed in a vertical cylindrical container are at least 10
A gas-liquid mixed phase flow of liquid and gas is supplied from the lower part of the container at a speed that allows desired fluidization to be achieved by creating an expanded state that occupies a large volume of at least %, and at a speed that prevents solid particles from rising along with it. By dispersing and circulating the solid particles, the solid particles are formed into a stable fluidized bed, and in order to continue the fluidization, the fluidized bed consisting of three phases of solid, liquid, and gas into which liquid and gas are injected. Circulating the liquid and gas by pumping them out from the upper side and supplying them to the lower side of the container is an essential element), ensuring the flow rate necessary for the flow of solid particles (catalyst) In order to increase the contact efficiency between liquid and gas, the liquid and gas are placed at the bottom of the three-phase flow reactor.
A dispersion device that distributes and disperses the liquid multiphase flow is provided.

To explain the conventional example of the three-phase fluidized reactor, the second
As shown in the figure, the mounting plate (2) is attached to the lower part of the reactor body (1).
) is fixed and divided into upper and lower parts, and the upper part of the mounting plate (2) is
A solid-liquid-gas three-phase fluidized bed (a) in which solid particles (catalysts, etc.) are accommodated and fluidized by supplying a liquid/temperature phase flow;
The lower part of the mounting plate (2) is made into a mixed layer of liquid and gas, and the circulating liquid (b') extracted from the fluidized bed (α) is passed through the circulation port (1b).
), the circulating gas (≦) is also circulated into the mixing layer from the circulation port (1c), and the dispersion cylinder (5) is placed on the mounting plate (2).
A plurality of dispersion devices (5
) are arranged, and the liquid/temperature phase flow (b, e) flows through each dispersion device (
5) has a structure in which the flow N (h) is dispersed into the aluminum, and the dispersion device (5) is penetrated through the mounting plate (2) as shown in FIG. outlet (5
c) a dispersion cylinder (5α) in which the dispersion cylinder (55) is disposed;
The caps (5
b) The gas-liquid multiphase flow (HLC) flowing in the dispersion (5a) exits from each outlet (5a) and flows downward (
(in the direction of the arrow), the liquid-gas is dispersed, and the dispersion and flow into the fluidized bed (, i) is promoted, forming a fluidized bed! ,)
The expansion state of the fluidized bed (α), that is, fluidization, is ensured by the dispersion and upward flow of the gas-liquid mixed phase flow (b, a) in the solid and
It has a structure that increases the contact efficiency between the three phases of air and gas and promotes the reaction.

(Problems with the prior art) The main purpose of the conventional dispersion device is to reduce the non-uniform distribution of liquid and gas in the horizontal section within the three-phase flow reactor body. Because the gas-liquid contact area is small due to insufficient miniaturization of the gas and the gas-liquid contact area per amount of gas supplied, it is necessary to supply more gas than is necessary to dissolve the gas necessary for the reaction into the liquid. , the dispersion device cannot prevent the solid particles in the upper part from flowing into and depositing in the mixed layer (b%G) in the lower part through the dispersion cylinder, and the three-phase flow reactor cannot prevent the solid particles from flowing into the mixed layer (b%G) at the lower part through the dispersion cylinder. Since this is a three-phase gas reaction, the introduction of solid particles into the gas supply system can pose a serious hazard. In other words, the intrusion of solid particles mainly obstructs the supply of liquid, making it impossible to secure the flow rate (flow rate) necessary to continue the flow throughout the layer, resulting in a state of fixed %, causing an abnormal reaction, and causing the reactor to leak. There are problems such as the possibility of fatal defects.

(Objective of the Invention 1: Means for Solving Problems) The present invention was developed to solve the above-mentioned problems. In a dispersion device that distributes and distributes a multiphase fM, the gas/liquid multiphase flow is horizontally distributed in the upper part of the dispersion device, which is installed through a mounting plate at the lower part of the main body and through which the gas/liquid multiphase flow flows. It is characterized by a configuration in which a plurality of ejection holes are arranged, and a flexible dispersion plate metal is attached and stacked on the ejection port of each of the ejection holes to open the ejection [1] downward with ejected fluid. By providing a plurality of jet holes in the upper part of the dispersion tube through which the gas/liquid multiphase flow flows, and by covering the jet holes of each jet hole with a flexible dispersion plate, the supply gas is made finer and the gas is It significantly increases the gas-liquid contact area per supply amount, significantly improving dispersion performance and reaction performance, and prevents solids from entering the gas/liquid supply system, reducing gas consumption and improving operational performance and reliability. The object of the present invention is to provide a dispersion device for a three-phase flow reactor that improves the properties and solves the above-mentioned problems.

(Example) An example of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1(A) and (B),
In the figure, (2) is a mounting plate that is disposed at the lower part of the three-phase fluid reactor main body (1) and divides the inside of the main body into an upper part and a lower part.

The mounting plate (2) is provided with a plurality of dispersion devices On, and the dispersion devices OQ disperse gas/liquid crystal phase flow (
The structure is such that it is distributed as b, a), dispersed, and supplied to the upper flow) - (α).

To describe the dispersion device [11QI] in more detail, it is provided vertically through the partition plate (2) and has a gas/liquid crystal phase flow (b,
a) is distributed m (] l) and the distributed station (l
A gas/liquid mixed flow Cb is provided through the upper part of +,) in the radial direction.
a) consists of a plurality of ejection holes a for ejecting water in the horizontal direction and a dispersion plate plate 01 fitted on the top of one dispersion cylinder (Qll) and attached with a plurality of fixed poles (Qll); is formed into a transverse hexagonal head (11α), with one head L
In addition, the dispersion plate plate (14+) has a flexible structure in which the ejection holes 04 are respectively disposed on the peripheral surface of the dispersion plate (14+). Each distributed play) is formed in (14a),
Each dispersion plate (14α) is arranged so as to cross the ejection port (12G) ft of each ejection port 021, and
It is configured to be deformed outward by the fluid ejected from α) to form a downward opening.

(Performance test) The inner diameter of the three-phase flow reactor main body (1) is 300mm. The height is 3000 b+m, the liquid supplied is JIS white kerosene, the gas supplied is nitrogen, the solid (catalyst) is an extruded product with an apparent specific gravity of 1.35, a diameter of 1.5 mm, and a length of approximately 51111 mm, operating temperature is room temperature, the operating pressure is voltage, the superficial velocity of gas (nitrogen) is 4 on/sec, and the solid (catalyst) is filled so that the filling height at rest is 1700 mm. The superficial velocity of the liquid is 1 to 10 cm.
/see, and the mounting plate (2)
A total of four conventional dispersion units #(5) shown in Figs.
) has a straight diameter of 5 mm, the inner diameter of the cap (56) is 30 blades,
The gap between the cap and the dispersion station was 211N.As a result of testing, the amount of gas retained (gas hold up) was 12 to 15
Vol %, and there are many large bubbles exceeding several mmK.
I was caught. In addition, intrusion of catalyst (solid) into the mixed layer was also observed, especially when the supply of liquid or gas (nitrogen) was stopped, and a large number of catalysts entered, causing uneven flow during recirculation.

On the other hand, the distributed device WOO of the present invention shown in FIGS.
As a result of the test under the same conditions as the dispersion plate (14 with a thickness of 0.2 and (14 rsm stainless steel plate) with the same arrangement as in the above test, the amount of gas retained reached 23 well,
It was observed that there were almost no bubbles larger than a few bubbles, and the entire structure was occupied by fine bubbles, and that the dispersion effect was clearly improved and the cis-liquid contact efficiency was significantly improved. In addition, the catalyst (
It was confirmed that the backflow and intrusion of solid) into the mixed layer (6, C) was completely prevented, and that it had an excellent dispersion function.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention provides a dispersion device that is disposed at the lower part of the three-phase fluid reactor body (1) and disperses the liquid/temperature phase flow (ζ6) by transmitting light. Lower inner mounting plate (2)
At the top of the dispersion tube (111) through which the gas/liquid crystal phase flow (61c) flows, a plurality of ejection holes (12+) that eject the gas/liquid crystal phase flow (b, c) and f in the horizontal direction are arranged. With,
The ejection port (12a) of each ejection hole 04 is covered with a flexible dispersion plate (14G) that allows the ejection fluid to open the ejection port (12α) completely downward.
The enemy multiphase flow Ch, c) is ejected from each ejection hole, collides with the dispersion plate, and is ejected toward the downward opening, making the gas significantly finer and significantly increasing the gas-liquid contact area. The dispersion effect is also increased, and the dispersion performance and reaction performance are greatly improved.Furthermore, as the amount of ejected fluid is reduced and each ejection port is completely closed by the dispersion plate, solid gas and
Intrusion into the liquid supply system is completely prevented, saving gas and significantly improving operating performance and reliability.

Although all the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and the design may be modified in any way without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It is.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1(A) is a longitudinal sectional view of a dispersion device showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 fBl is a plan view of FIG. 1(A), and FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the dispersion device of FIG. 2. 1: Three-phase flow reactor main body 2: Mounting plate 10: Dispersion device 11: Dispersion station 12: 1IJj outlet 12a: Outlet
14a Bidispersion Plate Sub-Agents Patent Attorneys 2 people outside of Kaimoto Important Literature

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a dispersion device installed at the lower part of the three-phase fluid reactor main body for circulating and dispersing the gas/liquid multiphase flow, a dispersion device installed through a mounting plate at the lower part of the main body for distributing the gas/liquid multiphase flow. A plurality of ejection holes for ejecting the gas/liquid mixed phase flow in a horizontal direction are arranged in the upper part of the cylinder, and a flexible material is provided at the ejection port of each of the ejection holes to open the ejection port downward with the ejected fluid. A dispersion device for a three-phase flow reactor, characterized in that it is covered with a dispersion plate.