JPH07222921A - Liquid gathering method and plate, liquid gathering and distributing method and mechanism, gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact method and mechanism and gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact gathering and distributing mechanism and apparatus containing those mechanisms - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To quench or heat a liquid and to uniformize the liquid by receiving the liquid flowing down within a cylindrical member by a liquid receiving plate and allowing the liquid flow down as a revolving stream from the opening part of the liquid receiving plate. CONSTITUTION:A liquid receiving plate is horizontally arranged to a cylindrical member 7 permitting a liquid to flow down to partition the cylindrical member T into upper and lower spaces Ta, Tb and a polygonal opening part 2a is formed to the central part of the liquid receiving plate 1 and an opening part covering member 3 is formed above the opening part 2 so as to leave an interval. The liquid flowing down within the cylindrical member T is temporarily received to flow down as a revolving stream. Therefore, the liquid can be gathered without generating vibration or destruction and can be allowed to flow down while uniformized in the horizontal cross section direction of the cylindrical member.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid collecting method and a collecting plate, a liquid collecting and distributing mechanism, a liquid quenching method and a liquid quenching mechanism.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rapid cooling collective distribution mechanism and a device including these mechanisms.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to uniformly distribute the amount of liquid flowing down in a cylinder body in the cross-sectional direction (radial direction) of the cylinder body, a liquid distribution mechanism is widely arranged in the cylinder body. . Various types of liquid distribution mechanisms have been proposed in the past, but generally, a perforated plate, a chimney type distribution plate, a bubble cap type distribution plate or the like is used. Although such a distribution plate evenly distributes the amount of liquid flowing down in the cylinder in the cross-sectional direction, it does not have a function of uniformly mixing the liquids, and therefore, when the liquid is composed of a mixture of a plurality of components or in the liquid. When the solute component is dissolved in, the liquid that has permeated the distribution plate is
There is a problem that the cross section of the cylinder is still non-uniform. Further, when the liquid flowing down is in a gas-liquid mixture state, there is a problem that the gas-liquid ratio of the gas-liquid mixture passing through the distribution plate is non-uniform in the cross-sectional direction of the cylindrical body. There is also a problem that the gas-liquid contact efficiency when passing through is still insufficient, and the temperature of the liquid becomes non-uniform in the cross-sectional direction of the cylinder even when the liquid is rapidly cooled by the gas.

In order to make the composition of the liquid passing through the distribution plate uniform in the cross-sectional direction, a device has been proposed in which the liquid before passing through the distribution plate is collected in advance (Japanese Patent Publication No. 42-42).
24284). This collecting device has a structure in which a hollow box body surrounding the through hole is arranged on the lower surface of a plate body having two through holes in the central portion, and two through holes are formed on the bottom surface of the box body. belongs to. In the case of using this device, the liquid flowing down in the cylinder is received on the plate body, once flows into the box body through the through hole formed in the center part of the plate body, and then gathers in the box body. After being subjected to the mixing action due to the flow, it flows downward through the flow hole on the bottom surface of the box body. However, when such a box body is used for collecting the flowing liquid, the liquid flows into the box body, and the flow energy of the liquid when flowing in the box body causes vibration in the box body, or in some cases. There is a problem that the liquid pressure applied to the box causes the box to break, or a robust support is required to prevent the break.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a liquid collecting method and a collecting plate that do not cause vibration or destruction in a collecting device when collecting liquid flowing down in a cylinder. Provided are a liquid distribution method and a liquid distribution mechanism for uniformizing the component composition of the liquid flowing down through the distribution mechanism in the transverse direction of the cylinder when the liquid flowing down through the body is flowed down through the distribution mechanism. It is an object of the present invention to provide an efficient gas-liquid contacting method and a gas-liquid contacting mechanism, a gas-liquid contacting and collecting mechanism for liquid, and various devices including these mechanisms.

[0005]

The present inventors have completed the present invention as a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems. That is, according to the present invention, a cylinder characterized in that the liquid flowing down in the cylinder is received on the liquid receiving plate and is made to flow downward as a swirling flow from an opening formed in the liquid receiving plate. Provided is a method of collecting liquid flowing down a body. Further, according to the present invention, a liquid receiving plate having an opening, an opening covering body disposed at a space above the opening of the liquid receiving plate, an opening peripheral edge and an opening covering body. A plurality of liquid inlets formed between the upper end of the liquid receiving plate and the upper end of the liquid receiving plate, and the inner peripheral surface of the liquid receiving plate is formed as an inclined surface toward the center line of the opening of the liquid receiving plate. A plurality of swirling flow forming flows formed on the peripheral surface of the short cylindrical body communicating with the short cylindrical body and the liquid inlet formed at the peripheral edge of the opening of the liquid receiving plate along the obliquely downward direction of the inner peripheral surface. There is provided a liquid collecting plate which flows down in a cylinder characterized by comprising a passage.

Further, there is provided a method of collecting and distributing a liquid flowing down in a cylinder, characterized in that the liquid flowing down in the cylinder is collected into a swirl flow, and then the swirl flow is caused to flow downward through a distribution mechanism. It Furthermore, according to the present invention, there is provided a liquid collecting / distributing mechanism which is made up of the liquid collecting plate and a liquid distributing mechanism arranged below the liquid collecting plate, and which flows down in the cylinder.

Further, according to the present invention, a cylinder characterized in that a liquid or a liquid flowing down in the cylinder is mixed with a gas or a liquid from the outside, and the gas-liquid mixture is gathered to make a swirl flow to flow downward. A method for contacting a gas-liquid or liquid-liquid flowing down a body is provided. Still further, according to the present invention, there is provided a gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact mechanism for a liquid flowing down in a cylinder characterized by comprising a gas or liquid jetting pipe and the liquid collecting plate arranged below the pipe. Provided.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, a gas or liquid of a liquid flowing down in a cylinder characterized by comprising a gas or liquid jetting pipe and a collecting and distributing mechanism for the liquid arranged below the pipe. A liquid contact collective dispensing mechanism is provided.

Further, according to the present invention, the liquid collecting and distributing mechanism is provided between the packed layers of a packed column having a plurality of packed layers or between the trays of a multi-column column having a plurality of trays. A gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact device is provided. Furthermore, according to the present invention, there is provided a reaction device characterized in that the liquid collecting and distributing mechanism is provided between the catalyst-filled layers. Furthermore, according to the present invention, there is provided a reaction device comprising a gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact aggregation distribution mechanism between the catalyst-filled layers. Furthermore,
According to the present invention, there is provided a hydrogenation reaction device comprising a liquid-vapor contact or liquid-liquid contact assembly mechanism between the hydrogenation catalyst layers.

Next, one embodiment of the liquid collecting plate of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a plan view of the liquid collecting plate of the present invention seen from above, FIG. 2 is its perspective view, FIG. 3 is its exploded perspective view, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of the receiving plate, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the short cylinder, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of attaching the partition plate to the inner surface of the short cylinder. .
The material of the collecting plate may be metal, plastic, ceramics or the like.

1 to 8, reference numeral 1 denotes a liquid receiving plate. As shown in FIG. 5, the liquid receiving plate 1 is normally arranged horizontally in a tubular body T through which liquid flows down. As a result, the inside of the tubular body T is partitioned into an upper space Ta and a lower space Tb. As shown in FIG. 6, a polygonal (regular octagonal) opening 2 is formed in the center of the receiving plate 1. Reference numeral 3 denotes an opening covering body which is arranged above the opening 2 at a distance, and may be of a size that covers the entire surface of the opening. Although a circular plate is shown in the drawings, it may be a polygonal plate such as a quadrangle or an octagon.

In the drawings, 4 is as shown in FIG.
3 shows a short tubular body having an octagonal cross section and having a peripheral surface inclined in the direction of the opening center line of the liquid receiving plate. The inner peripheral surface of this short cylinder is formed of eight inverted trapezoidal surfaces 4e. Also,
The upper end of the liquid receiving plate 1 is connected to the peripheral edge of the opening, and the lower end of the liquid receiving plate 1 has an opening 7. The length L of the short tubular body 4 is 3 to
It is 50 cm, usually 10 to 30 cm. The ratio of the lower end opening area to the upper end opening area of the short cylinder is 1/6 to 1/1.
2, preferably 1/3 to 1/2, and the inclination angle θ _{2 with} respect to the receiving plate 1 is usually 20 to 70 °, preferably 30 to 6
It is 0 °.

In the drawings, reference numeral 5 denotes a partition plate which is erected on the inner peripheral surface of the short tubular body 4 in order to form a liquid flow path for giving a swirling flow. The number of partition plates 5 is eight in the drawing. The partition plate 5 is a quadrilateral plate body as shown in FIG. 8, the bottom side 5 a of which is joined to the inner peripheral surface of the short tubular body 4 and the top side 5 b of which is the lower surface of the opening covering body 3. It is joined. In FIG. 8, the short side portion 5c of the two facing side portions 5c and 5d corresponds to the height of the opening covering body 3 formed above the liquid receiving plate 1 from the liquid receiving plate surface. .
The partition plate 5 is erected along the lower oblique direction of the inner peripheral surface of the short tubular body, that is, at a constant angle with the inclination direction of the inner peripheral surface. Specifically, in the plan view of FIG.
The orientation angle θ ₁ with respect to the line connecting the ends 5e of the two partition plates 5 (corresponding to one side of the octagonal opening 2 in the case shown) is usually 1
The partition plate 5 is oriented so as to be 0 to 60 °, preferably 20 to 50 °. FIG. 8 shows an explanatory view of how the partition plate 5 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the short tubular body 4. In the case of this embodiment,
The inverted trapezoidal slopes 4e forming the inner peripheral surface of the short tubular body are erected along the predetermined one diagonal lines 4f of the inverted trapezoid. The partition plate 5 may be appropriately curved with the side portions 5c and 5d facing inward or outward.

In the liquid collecting plate shown in FIGS. 1 to 8,
In the annular space between the peripheral edge of the opening 2 of the liquid receiving plate 1 and the opening covering body 3, eight partition plates 5 form eight swirl flow forming passages 8 and the liquid receiving plate is formed. The liquid received in 1 passes through each passage as shown by the arrow in FIG.
It becomes a swirling flow from the opening 7 and flows down.

1 to 8 show an embodiment in which the shape of the opening 2 of the liquid receiving plate 1 is octagonal, but the liquid collecting plate of the present invention is not limited to this. Instead, the shape of the opening 2 can be various shapes, for example, a polygonal shape of a triangle or more, and in these cases, the shape of the inner peripheral surface of the short tubular body 4 depends on the shape of the opening. It may be formed by a number of inverted trapezoid surfaces. The shape of the central opening 2 of the liquid receiving plate 1 can be circular,
In this case, the short tubular body 4 may have a circular cross section. Further, the opening 2 formed in the liquid receiving plate 1
May be plural.

Next, FIG. 9 is a plan view of the liquid collecting plate when the opening formed in the liquid receiving plate is circular, as seen from above, FIG. 10 is its perspective view, and FIG. 11 is its exploded perspective view. FIG. 12, FIG. 12 shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line XII-XII in FIG. 9, further, FIG. 13 is a plan view of the liquid receiving plate, FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a short tube having a circular cross section, and FIG. An explanatory view is shown. In each of the reference numerals shown in FIGS. 9 to 15, the reference numeral different from the reference numeral shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 has the same meaning. Further, in the liquid collecting plate shown in FIGS. 9 to 15, eight partition plates 105 are erected on the inner peripheral surface of the short cylindrical body 104 to form eight liquid flow passages (swirl flow forming passages).
Although it has a structure in which 108 is formed, the number of the flow passages 108 is arbitrary. The number of flow passages is usually 3 ~
The number is 12, preferably 6 to 8. Partition plates 105 corresponding to the number of flow passages are provided upright on the peripheral surface of the cylinder.
Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the partition plate 105 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the short cylindrical body 104 by drawing a fan shape corresponding to the number of the liquid flow passages on the inner peripheral surface of the short cylindrical body, and forming each fan shape. This can be performed by vertically arranging the partition plate 105 along the predetermined orientation angle θ ₁ .

The collecting plate of the present invention is arranged in the cylinder and has the function of collecting the liquid flowing down in the cylinder and causing it to flow downward as a swirling flow. For example, in FIG. 4, the liquid that flows down is received on the upper surfaces of the liquid receiving plate 1 and the opening cover body 3, and the liquid received on the upper surface of the opening cover body 3 is further on the liquid receiving plate 1. Received by the Then, the liquid on the liquid receiving plate 1 flows from the liquid inlet formed by the partition plate 5 between the peripheral edge of the opening 2 and the lower surface of the opening covering body 3 along the inner peripheral surface of the short tubular body 4. Flowing down, the peripheral edge 7 of the lower end of the short cylinder
It turns into a swirling flow and flows down. In the case of the liquid collecting plate of the present invention, the liquid received on the liquid receiving plate flows into the liquid inflow port substantially without forming a liquid pool on the liquid receiving plate.

In the liquid collecting plate of the present invention, the swirl flow forming flow paths 8 and 108 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the short tubular members 4 and 104 and on the inner peripheral surface thereof along the obliquely downward direction of the inner peripheral surface. It is formed by the upright partition plates 5 and 105. in this case,
The inner peripheral surface of the short tubular body forms the bottom surface of the flow path, the partition plate forms the side surface of the flow path, and the upper surface of the flow path is in a space (open) state. Further, the lower end of the liquid flow is in a free fall state. Therefore, when the liquid flows through the swirl flow forming flow path, the upper surface of the flow path is in a spatial state and the lower end of the flow of the fluid is in a free fall state. It is not strongly transmitted to the tubular body or the partition plate, the vibration or the destruction of the short tubular body or the partition plate does not occur, and a robust support for preventing this is not required.
Further, the liquid is subjected to a mixing action when flowing through the swirl flow forming flow path, and is homogenized. When the liquid is a gas-liquid mixture, the gas and the liquid are in strong gas-liquid contact due to the mixing action to form a homogeneous gas-liquid mixture. In order to enhance the mixing action of the swirl flow forming flow passage, the size of the flow passage is adjusted so that a linear velocity that causes turbulent flow in the flowing liquid is obtained.

According to the liquid collecting plate of the present invention, the liquid flowing down in the cylindrical body is collected in the swirling flow forming passage formed on the inner peripheral surface of the short cylindrical body, and the swirling flow is formed from the tip of this passage. As it flows out downwards. In the liquid gathering process and the swirling flow forming process, the liquids are subjected to the mixing action, and the component composition of the liquid flowing down as the swirling flow has almost the same component composition at any position. Further, according to the liquid collecting plate of the present invention, when the liquid flowing down in the cylinder is in the state of a gas-liquid mixture, it flows in the swirl flow forming flow passage formed on the inner peripheral surface of the short cylinder. In that case, the gas-liquid mixture is strongly brought into gas-liquid contact, so that heat exchange between the gas and the gas can be efficiently performed, absorption of the gas into the liquid, and a specific component contained in the gas. A physicochemical reaction such as dissolution of the in a liquid can be efficiently performed. Moreover, since the inside of the swirl flow formed below the short cylinder by the collecting plate of the present invention is a space, the gas component of the gas-liquid mixture that has flowed through the swirl flow forming flow channel is inside the swirl flow. After coming into contact with the liquid curtain flowing down from the space as its swirling flow, it moves to the external space, but due to the gas-liquid contact at this time, the heat exchange between the gas and the liquid and the physicochemical reaction occur. Therefore, by using the collecting plate of the present invention, efficient gas-liquid contact of the gas-liquid mixture flowing down in the cylinder can be performed, and the liquid collecting plate of the present invention is also excellent as a gas-liquid contact device. It shows the effect.

Further, the liquid collecting plate of the present invention exhibits an excellent effect as a gas-liquid contact device between the flowing liquid and the rising gas. In this case, contrary to the above case, the gas rising in the cylindrical body passes through the liquid curtain flowing down as a swirling flow and enters the space inside the swirling flow, and from there, rises in the swirling flow forming flow path. , Rises to the space above the liquid inlet through the liquid inlet formed at the periphery of the opening of the liquid receiving plate.

In the liquid collecting plate of the present invention, the liquid can be made to flow down at a relatively large flow rate, so that the liquid receiving plate can receive the liquid receiving plate without causing substantial liquid pool. The stopped liquids can be collected and allowed to flow down below the liquid collecting plate. Moreover, the swirl flow forming flow path through which the liquid flows is formed as an open flow path, not a closed flow path, and the energy of the swirl flow is dissipated without being strongly transmitted to the short cylinder or the partition plate. There is an advantage that vibration or generation of the collecting plate is not caused and the pressure loss when flowing through the flow path is very small.

Conventionally, various types of devices have been known which have a plurality of packing layers or shelves in a cylinder, and which make gas-liquid contact or liquid-liquid contact in the packing layers or shelves. Examples of the apparatus for performing such gas-liquid contact or liquid-liquid contact include various reaction towers, absorption towers, desorption towers, cooling towers, distillation towers, and the like. In these devices (hereinafter, also simply referred to as contact devices), liquid flows down from the upper side to the lower side in the cylinder, while gas flows down from the upper side or rises from the lower side to the upper side. In such a contact device, a liquid distribution mechanism is provided between the packed layers or between the trays so that the liquid flowing down from the packed bed or the trays is evenly distributed to the packed bed trays located therebelow. Is provided. The liquid collecting plate of the present invention, in combination with such a liquid distributing mechanism, is arranged in the cylinder as a collecting and distributing mechanism for the liquid flowing down in the cylindrical body, so that the liquid flowing across the distributing mechanism is traversed. It is possible to make the distribution of the component composition in the plane direction uniform and improve the contact efficiency between the liquid and the gas or the liquid and the liquid flowing in the space between the packing layers or between the trays. The liquid distribution mechanism arranged in the space between the packing layers or between the shelves is not particularly limited, and various conventionally known ones can be used. Such a liquid distribution mechanism may be configured by combining one or a plurality of distribution plates such as a perforated plate, a chimney type distribution plate, a bubble cap type distribution plate, and a perforated plate with a through cylinder provided therethrough. it can.

Next, one embodiment of the liquid collecting and distributing mechanism of the present invention provided for the contact device will be described with reference to the drawings. In this contact device, the gas may flow from above to below or from below to above. In FIG. 16, 1 is a liquid receiving plate of the liquid collecting plate of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, 11 is a first distribution plate made of a porous plate, and 12 is a second distribution plate made of a porous plate. The liquid collecting plate and the two porous plates 11 and 12 form the liquid collecting and distributing mechanism of the present invention. The size of the through holes of the perforated plate forming the second distribution plate 12 is designed to be smaller than the size of the through holes of the perforated plate forming the second distribution plate 11. Also,
A non-perforated plate 13 is arranged in the center of the first distribution plate 11. The non-perforated plate 13 is for improving the lateral dispersion of the liquid flowing down from the short cylinder body 4 of the liquid collecting plate as the swirl curtain 14, but the use thereof is not always necessary and is omitted. can do. P ₁ and P ₂ indicate packed layers, T indicates a cylinder, and arrows indicate the flow direction of the fluid.

[0024] In FIG. 16, the liquid or gas mixture flows down the packed layer P ₁ flows down into the space Ta between the set plate 10 and the bottom of the packed layer P ₁ from the bottom of the packed bed P _1. In the liquid flowing down from the bottom of the packed bed P ₁ , the liquid A ₁ flowing down from the central portion of the cylinder and the liquid B ₁ flowing down from the peripheral edge of the cylinder are inhomogeneous in terms of the amount and the component composition. . Further, when the liquid flowing down is a gas-liquid mixture, the flowing gas-liquid mixtures A ₁ and B ₁ are also non-uniform in their gas-liquid ratio. The liquid that has flowed down into the space portion Ta becomes a swirl flow by the collecting plate, flows down onto the first distribution plate 11 below it, and stays on the first distribution plate 11 at a constant liquid height, and at the same time, the distribution plate. It flows down through the through hole 11 onto the second distribution plate 12. The liquid staying on the first distribution plate 11 is mixed and made uniform by the swirling action of the swirling flow flowing down to the liquid. The liquid flowing down on the second distribution plate 12 stays on the second distribution plate 12 at a constant liquid height, and flows down through the through holes of the distribution plate 12 to the upper part of the packed bed P ₂ for filling. Flow down between layers P ₂ . In the liquid flowing down through the second distribution plate 12, the liquid A ₂ flowing down from the central part of the cylinder and the liquid B ₂ flowing down from the peripheral part of the cylinder are uniform in the amount of flow down and the component composition. ing. Further, when the liquid that flows down is a gas-liquid mixture, the gas-liquid mixtures A ₂ and B ₂ that flow down are also uniform in their gas-liquid ratio.

In the contact device shown in FIG. 16, gas or liquid can be introduced into the space Ta from the outside of the tubular body T, if necessary. Depending on the gas-liquid contact device, there is a type that heats or cools the liquid flowing down from the packed bed. In such a case, a liquid or gaseous heating medium or cooling medium is introduced into the space Ta from the outside. . As described above, the collecting plate of the present invention is excellent in the gas-liquid contact action and the liquid / liquid mixing action, so that it is possible to effectively achieve the heating and cooling of the liquid by the heating medium and the cooling medium. it can.

Next, an explanatory sectional view of a hydrotreating tower in the case where the collective distribution mechanism of the present invention is applied to a hydrotreating tower of a hydrocarbon oil having a plurality of catalyst packed beds is shown. In FIG. 17, 1 is a liquid receiving plate of the liquid collecting plate according to the present invention, 21,
22 is a catalyst packed layer, 26 is a support grid having a lattice structure for supporting the catalyst packed layer, 27 and 28 are perforated plates, 32 is a quench gas (hydrogen) introduction pipe, 33 is a quench gas ring, and 34 is a non-perforated plate. Each plate is shown. The quench gas ring 33, the liquid collecting plate, the perforated plate 27, and the perforated plate 28 form a liquid rapid cooling collecting and distributing mechanism.

The support grid 26 includes the catalyst packed layer 21.
And a plate-like body having a lattice structure. The perforated plates 27, 28 are for distributing the flowing gas-liquid mixture at a uniform flow rate in the radial direction.
The hole diameter of the perforated plate 27 is about 5 to 50 mm.
The hole diameter of 8 is about 5 to 30 mm, and the perforated plate 27 distributes the gas-liquid mixture downward with a slightly rough flow rate distribution.
Distributes the gas-liquid mixture with a uniform flow distribution. One or both of these porous plates may be omitted. The quench ring 33 is composed of an annular pipe having a large number of gas ejection holes on its peripheral surface, ejects the quench gas introduced from the quench gas introduction pipe 32 into the space inside the reaction tube T, and produces reaction by flowing down in the reaction tube. Quench the object (gas-liquid mixture).

The catalyst packed layers 21 and 22 are composed of conventionally known hydrotreating catalyst particles. Examples of the hydrotreating catalyst include porous inorganic oxide carriers such as alumina, silica, cyania, boria, zirconia, silica-alumina, silica-magnesia, alumina-titania, alumina-magnesia, alumina-boria, and alumina-zirconia. Examples thereof include those carrying at least one kind of hydrogenation active metal such as chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and cobalt.

In order to carry out hydrotreating of hydrocarbon oil using the hydrotreating tower having the structure shown in FIG. 17, a mixture of raw hydrocarbon oil and hydrogen is heated to 300 to 450 ° C. and 50 to 20.
Under the high temperature pressure of 0 kg / cm ² G, the catalyst packed bed 21 is made to flow down from the upper part of the catalyst packed bed 21. As a result, impurities such as sulfur and nitrogen in hydrocarbon oil are converted to gaseous substances such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia by reaction with hydrogen, and hydrocarbon oil undergoes reactions such as decomposition and hydrogenation. A hydrotreating product containing these reaction products is obtained.

As described above, from the bottom of the catalyst-packed layer 21, hydrogen containing hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and cracked gas (methane, ethane, etc.) generated by decomposing hydrocarbons as hydrogenation products. The mixture of gas and hydrotreated oil flows down and enters the quench zone Ta, where the conduit 32
And is contacted with the quench gas (hydrogen gas) ejected from the quench ring 33 to be quenched (quenched). The hydrogenation reaction of hydrocarbon oil is an exothermic reaction, and the catalyst packed bed 2
The hydrotreated product obtained from No. 1 has a temperature higher than the supply temperature to the catalyst packed bed 21, and if the next catalyst packed bed 22 is allowed to flow down at a high temperature without being rapidly cooled, In the catalyst packed bed 22, a large amount of coking may occur, a runaway reaction may occur, inconvenience such as catalyst deactivation may occur, and the desired hydrotreatment may not be achieved. It is possible to prevent such an inconvenience.

The hydrotreated product consisting of the air-stream mixture quenched as described above is collected and mixed by the liquid collecting plate according to the present invention, and then sequentially flowed down the perforated plates 27 and 28 to form a second catalyst packed bed. It is made to flow down through 22 and is hydrotreated during that time, and a hydrotreated product consisting of a gas-liquid mixture is obtained from the bottom of the catalyst packed bed. The hydrotreated product is subjected to distillation treatment after being gas-liquid separated by a conventional method.

When the hydrocarbon oil is hydrotreated as described above, the catalyst packed bed has a passage or the like through which the fluid easily passes due to the nonuniform packing, so that the hydrocarbon oil flowing down is hydrotreated. Therefore, the component composition of the hydrotreated product flowing down from the bottom portion of the catalyst packed bed into the quench zone Ta becomes non-uniformly distributed in the cross-sectional direction of the reaction tower. The liquid collecting plate according to the present invention collects hydrotreated organisms that flow down in a state where the distribution of its component composition in the cross-sectional direction is non-uniform, and since it is made to flow down onto the lower porous plate as a swirling flow, The component composition of the hydrotreated product staying on the porous plate is uniformly distributed in the cross-sectional direction of the reaction tower. Further, since the quench gas ejected to the quench zone Ta also passes through the collecting plate of the present invention together with the hydroprocessing product, the mixing of the hydroprocessing product and the quench gas is made uniform, and the gas that has passed through the collecting plate is obtained. The liquid mixture is
The gas and the liquid are uniformly mixed as a whole and are simultaneously cooled to a predetermined temperature. In this way, efficient hydrotreating is achieved.

[0033]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The liquid collecting plate of the present invention is applied to a contact device such as various packed towers or multi-stage towers having a plurality of trays for performing liquid-liquid contact or gas-liquid contact, and the inside of the cylinder is The action and effect of causing the flowing liquids to be aggregated and mixed and to flow downward as a swirling flow is shown. In this case, when there is a gas that flows upward or downward in the cylinder, good gas-liquid contact between the gas and the liquid is achieved.

The liquid collecting / distributing mechanism of the present invention has the effect of causing the liquid flowing down in the cylinder to flow downward in the transverse direction of the cylinder with a uniform flow rate distribution and component composition distribution.

The liquid-vapor or liquid-liquid contact collecting / distributing mechanism of the present invention efficiently and rapidly cools the liquid flowing down in the cylinder with the quenching or heating gas or liquid introduced into the cylinder. Or, it has the effect of heating and causing it to flow downward with a uniform flow distribution and component composition distribution in the cross-sectional direction of the cylinder.

The contact device having the liquid collecting / distributing mechanism or the gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact collecting / distributing mechanism of the present invention has a uniform flow rate of the liquid flowing down in the cylinder in the transverse direction of the cylinder. Since it has a distribution and a component composition distribution, it is remarkably improved in terms of gas-liquid contact efficiency, liquid-liquid contact efficiency, reaction efficiency and the like.

The treatment tower having the liquid-vapor or liquid-liquid contact aggregation distribution mechanism of the present invention has a flow rate distribution in which the hydrogenation products flowing down in the cylinder are made uniform in the cross-sectional direction of the cylinder. In addition to the component composition distribution, it is possible to efficiently quench the hydrotreated product with a quenching gas (hydrogen), so that a large amount of coking is generated, runaway reaction and sudden deactivation of contact are prevented. Efficient hydrotreating can be achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a liquid collecting plate according to the present invention as seen from above.

FIG. 2 shows a perspective view thereof.

FIG. 3 shows an exploded perspective view thereof.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

FIG. 5 shows a state of installation in the cylinder.

FIG. 6 shows a plan view of the receiving plate.

FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of the short tubular body.

FIG. 8 shows an explanatory view of how the partition plate is attached to the peripheral surface of the short cylinder.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of another embodiment of the liquid collecting plate according to the present invention viewed from above.

FIG. 10 shows a perspective view thereof.

FIG. 11 shows an exploded view thereof.

12 is a sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIG.

FIG. 13 shows a plan view of the liquid receiving plate.

FIG. 14 shows a perspective view of the short tubular body.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view of how the partition plate is attached to the peripheral surface of the short cylinder body.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the structure of a liquid collecting and distributing mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 17 shows an explanatory cross-sectional view of a hydrotreatment tower having a liquid rapid cooling collective distribution mechanism of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 101 Liquid receiving plate 2, 102 Opening part 3, 103 Opening covering plate 4, 104 Short tube body 5, 105 Partition plate 7, 107 Opening 8, 108 Swirl flow forming flow path 11, 12, 27, 28 Porous Plate 13 Non-perforated plate 14 Swirling flow curtain 21, 22 Catalyst packing layer 26 Support grid 32 Quench gas introduction pipe 33 Quench ring 34 Non-perforated plate P ₁ , P ₂ Packing T Tubular body Ta Upper space Tb Lower space

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Ryuichiro Kajiyama 2-12-1, Tsurumi Chuo, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Chiyoda Kakoh Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Yoshikazu Shimoyama 2--12, Tsurumi-chu, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa No. 1 in Chiyoda Kakoh Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Junichiro Tanaka 2-12-1, Tsurumi Chuo, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Chiyoda Kakoh Construction Co., Ltd. (54) [Title of Invention] Liquid collecting method and collecting plate , A liquid collective distribution method and a collective distribution mechanism, a liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contacting method and a liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact mechanism, a liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact collective distribution mechanism, and Device including mechanism

Claims (21)

[Claims] 1. A downflow in a cylinder, characterized in that a liquid flowing down in the cylinder is received on a liquid receiving plate, and is made to flow downward as a swirl flow from an opening formed in the receiving plate. Liquid collection method. 2. A liquid stop plate having an opening, an opening cover provided at a distance above the opening of the liquid stop plate, a periphery of the opening of the liquid stop plate, and an opening cover. A plurality of liquid inlets formed between the body and the body and an upper end connected to the peripheral edge of the opening of the liquid receiving plate, and the inner peripheral surface is formed as an inclined surface facing the center line direction of the opening of the liquid receiving plate. A plurality of swirling flows formed on the peripheral surface of the short cylindrical body communicating with the short cylindrical body and the liquid inflow port formed at the peripheral edge of the opening of the liquid receiving plate along the obliquely downward direction of the inner peripheral surface. A liquid collecting plate that flows down in a cylinder characterized by comprising a forming flow path. 3. A plurality of swirl flow forming flow passages are provided upright on a peripheral surface of a short cylindrical body along an obliquely downward direction of the inner peripheral surface, and an upper side thereof is joined to a lower surface of an opening cover plate. The liquid collecting plate according to claim 2, which is formed by the quadrilateral partition plate. 4. The liquid collecting plate according to claim 2, wherein the cross section of the short cylinder is polygonal or circular. 5. The short tubular body comprises a short tubular body having an octagonal cross section, and the swirl flow forming flow passage has eight inverted trapezoidal slopes forming the circumferential surface of the short tubular body. 3. The liquid according to claim 2, which is formed by eight quadrilateral partition plates which are erected along one predetermined diagonal line of the trapezoid and whose upper side is joined to the lower surface of the opening covering plate. Assembly board. 6. The short tubular body is formed of a short tubular body having a circular cross section, and the swirling flow forming flow path is erected on the inner circumferential surface of the short tubular body along a downward oblique direction of the inner circumferential surface. 3. The liquid collecting plate according to claim 2, wherein the upper side portion is formed by a plurality of quadrilateral partition plates joined to the lower surface of the opening covering plate. 7. A method of collecting and distributing a liquid flowing down in a cylinder, comprising collecting liquids flowing down in the cylinder into a swirl flow, and then causing the swirl flow to flow downward through a distribution mechanism. 8. The method of collecting and distributing liquid according to claim 7, wherein the liquid collecting plate according to any one of claims 2 to 6 is used to collect the liquid flowing down in the cylinder into a swirl flow. 9. A collecting and distributing mechanism for a liquid flowing down in a cylinder, comprising the liquid collecting plate according to claim 2 and a liquid distributing mechanism arranged below the liquid collecting plate. 10. The liquid collecting and distributing mechanism according to claim 9, wherein the liquid distributing mechanism is a perforated plate. 11. A gas-liquid liquid flowing down in a cylinder, characterized by mixing a gas or a liquid from the outside with a liquid flowing down in the cylinder and collecting the mixture to make a swirl flow downward. Liquid-liquid contact method. 12. The liquid collecting plate according to claim 2 is used to collect a mixture of a liquid flowing down in the cylinder and a gas or a liquid from the outside to form a swirling flow. Liquid gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact method. 13. A gas-liquid contact method or a liquid-liquid contact method for liquid according to claim 11, wherein the gas or liquid from the outside which is brought into contact with the liquid is a gas or liquid for cooling or heating the liquid flowing down in the cylinder. . 14. A gas contact mechanism for a liquid flowing down in a cylinder, comprising a gas ejection pipe and the liquid collecting plate according to claim 2 arranged below the gas ejection pipe. 15. The liquid-vapor or liquid-liquid contact mechanism according to claim 14, wherein the gas or liquid ejection pipe is a cooling or heating gas or liquid ejection pipe. 16. A gas or liquid contact collective distribution of a liquid flowing down in a cylindrical body, comprising a gas or liquid ejection pipe and a liquid collective distribution mechanism according to claim 9 or 10 disposed below the gas or liquid ejection pipe. mechanism. 17. The vapor-liquid or liquid-liquid contact collective distribution mechanism according to claim 16, wherein the gas or liquid ejection pipe is a cooling or heating gas or liquid ejection pipe. 18. The packing layer of a packed column having a plurality of packed beds or between the trays of a multi-column tower having a plurality of trays.
Alternatively, a gas-liquid or liquid-liquid contact device including the liquid collecting and distributing mechanism of 10. 19. A reaction apparatus comprising the liquid collecting and distributing mechanism of claim 9 between the catalyst-filled layers. 20. The method according to claim 16, wherein the catalyst-filled layer is provided between the catalyst-filled layers.
And a liquid-liquid contact / collection distribution mechanism of the liquid. 21. The method according to claim 16 or 1 between the hydrogenation catalyst layers.
7. A hydrogenation reaction device comprising a liquid-liquid or liquid-liquid contact distribution mechanism of 7.