JPS61280396A - Substance exchanger and/or heat exchanger and manufacture ofsaid exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application: The present invention comprises a filament bundle of essentially the same length, the ends of which are embedded in a casting material, and at least two types of media in full supply and an essentially cylindrical casing with a connecting tube leading out, the first medium being guided through the entire hollow filament and the second medium being guided radially inwardly at the inlet of the flow of the caning. a mass exchanger and/or heat exchanger which conducts the casing flow radially outward at the outlet and whose casing end consists of an essentially tubular body and two gaps; Concerning improper methods of obtaining containers.

(a) Problem to be solved by the invention: The object of the invention is to provide a mass exchanger of the type mentioned above, which is suitable for partially automatic or fully automatic manufacturing processes. Furthermore, as many components of the exchanger as possible must be reusable.The exchanger should advantageously have as small a proportion of casting material as possible.

(b) Alternative means for solving the problem: This problem is solved by the fact that, according to the invention, all the connecting tubes are arranged in the cap, and the cap is located at the end of the essentially tubular body. This completely forms two distribution spaces that are tightly separated from each other, the first distribution space being arranged on the front side of the tubular body and the second distribution space being arranged on the side 1/C of the tubular body. The solution is that the side of the body has at least one passage opening in the area of the second distribution space.

Effect: The tubular body can thus vary in its external dimensions without requiring significant tooling costs. This is because this tubular body does not need to be provided with any connecting tubes.

In the simplest case, a few passage holes are sufficient, in which case this passage hole can be considered as a direct rear guide of the connecting pipe. However, in general, multiple passage ports are provided. This passage hole must be located as close as possible to the casting material.

The hollow filament bundle can consist of hollow filaments, singly or bonded to each other, for example woven together as a weft. The hollow filaments can also be gathered into bundles around a stabilizing core.

No further special requirements are placed on the stability of the tubular body, ie the tubular body can have particularly thin walls or can also be of flexible design.

The cap is curved by being rigidly connected to the tubular body (as a one-way product). However, the cap can also be arranged in such a way that it can be removed. Furthermore, the cap can also be used even if the tubular body is exchanged; it can rather be a component of a device provided on the exchange body, in which case only the tubular body with the hollow filament bundle is also used. must be replaced.

In this case, it is particularly advantageous for the second distribution space to be annular and arranged around the outer side of the tubular body and for the plurality of passage openings to be arranged around the outer side. Particularly advantageous in this case is achieved by a special design of the annular cross-section of the second distribution space, by a different cross-sectional area of the passage openings and/or by a special distribution of the passage openings around the tubular body. In this case, the loading (introduction or removal) of the second medium onto the hollow filament bundle takes place uniformly around the circumference of this hollow filament bundle. If the cross-sectional areas of the passage openings are different, obviously the largest opening, which is arranged swiveled by 180° relative to the connecting tube, can be used for introducing the casting material.

The passage openings are generally radially penetrated into the wall of the tubular body, but they can also open into an axially formed annular passage when the tubular wall is correspondingly formed annularly. There is. Still, the inner wall of the end of the essentially tubular body has as little intermediate space as possible, filled with casting material, between the outer periphery of the hollow filament bundle and the inner wall of the tubular body within the scope of the casting material. It is advantageous to have an enlarged cross-section such that .

Advantageously, the radial dimension of the intermediate space is between 0.2 and 1.5 mm.

Preferably, the essentially tubular body widens into a C-cone shape from one end towards the other.

Thereby, the hollow filament bundle can be removed (possibly also by auxiliary means such as a funnel) into a tubular body)
This avoids that this hollow filament is slightly damaged during axial introduction when introduced into a deep section. In this case, the conical shape is about 0.5° to 1° measured between the wall and the main axis.

It is particularly advantageous for the cap and the essentially tubular body to be made of different materials and for the material of the tubular body to have a deformation behavior of approximately the same elongation as the hollow filament bundle.

The structural shape of the trench or tubular body, for example in the form of a bellows, can influence the elongation deformation behavior.

The tubular body can be provided with recesses or protrusions to improve handling. In exactly the same way, attach the cap to the tubular body 1
If they are mutually arranged, this can be clearly ensured by corresponding nose-shaped protrusions or bulges.

(b) Problems to be Solved by the Invention Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide an invention which can be integrated into a completely continuous production process and which, in particular, also avoids the frequently occurring problems of Cl2) sealing. It is an object of the invention to provide a method suitable for obtaining a mass exchanger and/or a heat exchanger according to the invention.

(b) Alternative means to solve the problem: Is this problem a hollow filament bundle? If introduced axially into the casing and sealed at both ends with casting compound,
The ends of the tubular casing are expanded as slightly as possible, and on the expanded ends of the casing a tubular body is provided in each case, the internal dimensions of which at the free end correspond to the diameter of the hollow filament bundle. Using a tubular casing, which corresponds to the external contour and whose internal dimensions are currently in transition to the internal contour (C) of the expanded end of the casing, on the end of the introduced hollow filament bundle, the casting material is free. intimately embedded in the casting material so as to fill the entire annulus and at least partially the expanded casing end;
After the casting material has solidified, the annulus is removed, and then the ends of the bundle of hollow filaments collected with the casting material, standing on the entire outside of the casing, where the external cross section of the casting material is a hollow filament) - Solved by a method characterized by cutting within an area larger than the external cross-section of the bundle.

Effects: - This method does not require forming the hollow filament l-Th as in the conventional method, it can automate the production of hollow filament modules, and it is easy to use when embroidering a module member. can guarantee a close contact between the casting material and the casing edge, and the sealing surface of the casting material, which has a grooved groove on the surface of the casting material, can ensure a close contact between the casting material and the casing edge. It has the advantage of being reached within the cross section.

(c) Means for solving the problem: Furthermore, the problem is that when the hollow filament bundle is introduced into the casing in the radial direction and sealed at both ends with a casting material, the hollow filament bundle is separated in the axial direction. The present invention is solved by a method which is characterized in that the tube is inserted into an open flexible curved tube, brought into the desired closed shape and connected at an axial separation line.

Finally, the above problem is solved in that when the hollow filament bundle is introduced into the casing axially, the hollow filament bundle is 2 to 4 times as long as the hollow filament bundle in the finished exchanger. Multiple casings of identical length with wall perforations of the supply or outlet of the exchange medium in the area provided between the ends? The hollow filament bundle present in the casing is separated into exchangers of the desired length, and the hollow myramen L-section is subsequently separated in the area between the separation point and the wall perforation. The problem is solved by a method characterized by sealing the inside with a casting material.

The method according to the invention described above is also suitable for obtaining exchangers in which not necessarily all connecting tubes are arranged in the cap, i.e. only one connecting tube is arranged in each cap. .

The invention will now be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a mass exchanger according to the invention and /1: The foot represents one end of the heat exchanger. At 1 the cap is illustrated and at 2 the essentially tubular body is illustrated. The individual hollow filaments 4 are marked with a line by the hollow filament bundle.

The ends of the hollow filaments 4 are embedded in the casting material 3. The cap 1 has two connecting tubes 5.6. The connecting tube 5 is guided into a first distribution space 13 arranged on the front side, and the connecting tube 6 is guided into a second distribution space 13 which is formed by the cap 6, Id and the outer jacket of the essentially tubular main body 2. In the distribution space 7 ((guided) projections or bulges 8.9 can act as screw closures or snap closures. From the distribution space 7 at least one passage opening 10 extends radially into the cylindrical body. The second medium introduced 7 through the connecting tube 6 is guided radially inwardly between the individual hollow filaments 4. The distribution space I is formed as an annular channel. The annular channels may each have the same cross-section in the circumferential direction, in which case furthermore the circumferentially distributed passage openings 11 may advantageously have a larger diameter. The larger the passage opening, the further away it is from the connecting pipe.The passage openings can also have the same diameter, in which case the spacing between the lateral passage openings is smaller than the connecting pipe 6.
is always small compared to the distance. The cross section of the annular second distribution space 7 may also be always smaller than the distance 5 from the connecting pipe 6. These measures can be carried out one by one or in full combination of two or all three measures, and the second medium can be uniformly loaded around the hollow filament bundle. If the other end of the mass exchanger or heat exchanger is formed in the same manner, the discharge of the second medium may also take place radially outwardly and uniformly over the circumference of the hollow filament bundle. Guaranteed.

In order to seal off the first dispensing space 6, a sharply shaped projection 11 surrounding the inner surface of the cap 6 can be provided, which when placing the cap 1 into the casting material 3. This takes place within the casting material in which no hollow filaments are any longer located. It is therefore proposed that between the circumference of the hollow filament bundle and the inner wall surface of the casing 2 there is a small intermediate space filled with casting material.

For outwardly sealing the second distribution space (/c) generally a protrusion 9 is sufficient. However, the cap may also be applied to the outer wall surface of the tubular member, primarily by means of a backing material, a backing ring, gluing, welding, etc. They can also be placed closely together.

One particularly simple embodiment is evident from FIG.
In this case, the cap 1 is irremovably connected to the housing 2. Parts in FIG. 2 that are the same as in FIG.
The subsequent drawings are similarly unnecessary.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the cap 1 can be glued, welded, etc. to the casing 2 within a region 12.

According to FIG. 3, another type of sealing between the individual distribution spaces 7.13 is shown.

In this case, the casing 2 is a (flexible) sheath 1
2, this sheath is crimped onto the cap after the cap has been pushed open and snapped closed onto the projections 8 and 9, thereby creating a particularly advantageous seal.

FIG. 4 shows that a sealing lip formed as a bellows 14 can form the entire end of the casing. Furthermore, FIG. 4C shows that it is possible to make the passage hole 15 penetrate the wall surface in the axial direction depending on how the entire end of the casing is formed.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the mass exchanger and/or heat exchanger according to the invention. In this case, the casting material 3 is
It has a conical shape and is arranged on the inner wall surface of the casing 2. The second distribution space 7 is designed as an annular channel. The cross section of the passage port (1°?) is actually the cross section IQa, 1Qb.

10c, 10d and 10e have various sizes 7+, so that they increase relative to the distance to the connecting pipe 5.

The passage port 10e is used for pouring a casting material using centrifugal casting when producing a mass exchanger and/or a heat exchanger according to the invention.
For example, it can be used to introduce polyurethane. Advantageously, the hollow filament bundle 16 has a cross-sectional dimension that extends over the entire internal cross-section of the casing 2 . Further, the sealing between the cap and the casing can also be achieved by an O-ring 17. This cap can also be formed as a snap closure 1a. This formation can be present individually or in combination with a mass exchanger and/or a heat exchanger according to the invention.

FIG. 6 shows the shape of the inner wall. In this case, essentially the interior space 18 extends conically from one end 21 to the end 20 of the pond.

The cone is defined (approximately 0.5-1°). A further cone 19 can be provided in one end region, but
There is no need to provide it. If the hollow filament bundle is introduced or sucked in on the side 19/21 with a small cross section, a funnel can be placed, for example. By conically enlarging this interior space, it is effectively prevented that the outer hollow filaments of the hollow filament bundle come into contact with the wall of the body and are bent in the process. The end 20 is only slightly enlarged to accommodate the casting material.

FIG. 7 shows a particularly advantageous example of the use of a mass exchanger and/or heat exchanger according to the invention. A dialysis machine is not shown in the drawings and is located on the side of dividing line 28. This device includes a surface layer supply pipe 22,
The connecting pipes 22, 23, 24, 25 of the collapsing liquid discharge pipe 23, the dialysate supply pipe 24 and the dialysate discharge pipe 25 as well as the pneumatic cylinder 26 also belong, with the help of the holder 27.29 of this pneumatic cylinder the cap 1.1b becomes a pneumatic cylinder. Together they form a unit. 11 The exchanger cap according to the invention is thus a component of the dialysis device. Only the casing 2 with the hollow filament bundle 16 is used as a disposable product. Cap 1b is holder 2
9 , the cap 1 is arranged to be axially movable on the pneumatic cylinder 26 .

When replacing the entire cartridge (tubular body 2 with hollow filament bundle 16), the cap 1 is released by means of a pneumatic cylinder, the cartridge is replaced, and then the cap 1 is brought together by means of a pneumatic cylinder.

The method according to claim 7 can be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to FIG. 8. In this case, only the casing end 21 is shown; A supply pipe or discharge pipe 31 is disposed between the end portion 20 and the end portion 21. is formed, for example, as a spiral in the tubular body.On the enlarged casing end 20 the annular body 32
is inserted or screwed and tapers at its free end to the desired cross-section of the hollow filament bundle.

In the example shown, the hollow filament bundle 16 is embedded by centrifugal casting. For this purpose, the annular body 32 must be closed in a fluid-tight manner with the cap 11. The casting material can be introduced via the supply pipe 31. The casting material can be fed to a certain degree until the casting material fills the intermediate space 33 up to the line 34 . After the casting material has solidified, the annular body 32 can be removed together with the cap 11. The cast bundle is then cut within the area of the extension, for example along line 35.

A casing 2 with a hollow filament bundle and an annular body 32
A low pressure can be generated in the casing 2 in order to introduce the hollow filament bundle into the casing 2.
ICg & inserted into the casing. Insofar as liquid is still present in the individual hollow filaments, as is unavoidable for production, this liquid can likewise be filtered off with suction from the hollow filaments by means of low pressure.

Baffles, e.g. flow resistors, can additionally be installed in the casting material, which prevent the liquid flowing through the supply pipe or the discharge pipe during subsequent operation of the module into the casting material. (iM34).

From FIGS. 9 to 11 the method according to claim 8 becomes clear. 2 is a tube, which is separated axially along line 36. The opening 10 is used for supplying or removing the exchange medium. A schematically illustrated hollow filament bundle 16 is inserted into the curved tube 2a (FIG. 10). Continuing, as shown in Figure 11,
a are joined and connected at the separation line 36, for example by gluing, welding or additionally attached mechanical aids.

Closing caps are attached to each end of the closed tube. This closure cap advantageously flows around the hollow filament.1. can have a supply or a discharge device for the two exchange media flowing through the hollow filament.

FIG. 12 shows the essential features of the method recited in claim 9. Hollow filament bundles 16 of exactly the same length are introduced into the multiple casing 2b, which has four times the length of the finished exchanger. Multiple casing 2
b is a wall perforation 1 for supplying or removing the exchange medium into the area provided as the end section of the casing;
The multiple casing 2b has the hollow filament bundle 16 present therein unwound in the area C. Subsequently, the hollow filament end section is located between the separation position C and the wall perforation 10. The exchanger is then cut to the desired length L by separating the disc-shaped part of the casting material from the hollow filament end section cast therein. Then, the unclosed hollow filament end is exposed.The effective length of the hollow filament for producing mass exchange and/or heat exchange sound is off.
From a hollow filament bundle with an exchange area of 2, 2-3° or more exchangers can be obtained in a completely rational manner.

However, the multiple casing 2b need not be formed as an essentially smooth cylindrical body, but may also be manufactured by blow-molding techniques, as shown in FIG. 13, and have an external contour, This external contour facilitates, for example, the placement of a cap and/or the passage opening 10 arranged in the jacket.
already has a distribution space with . Multiple caisson P'l
In b, the hollow filament (not shown) present therein is unwound, the hollow filament end is subsequently cast, and the uncast hollow filament end is exposed. The description is similar to the description in FIG. 12.

FIG. 14 shows, for example, a liftable casing 2 in a cross-sectional view in the raised position as well as in the closed position.

The casing 2 has a total of four groove-shaped recesses 30 running over the entire length of the casing 2 in the longitudinal direction. Thereby, it is achieved that the wall thickness of the casing 2 is essentially smaller at the location of this recess than in the remaining parts fb
.

Therefore, if non-brittle materials are used in the recessed position of the entire casing 2, the reversible and optionally -
C is capable of bending elastic deformation, and this is of course 1j
Makes raising and closing itself significantly easier. Furthermore, in the raised state l1fi1, the hollow filament can be completely loaded manually or mechanically. After loading the hollow filament, the housing 2 can then be closed again, with the joint surface 37 being formed. In order to prevent the casing 2 from being cut up again after the insertion of the hollow filament and after the joining, a non-positive or positive closing closure, for example an adhesive tape, can be provided.

FIG. 15 shows a snap closure 1a which acts in a positive manner in this manner, the mode of its functioning being self-evident to the observer and therefore does not need to be explained in detail. The snap mechanism 1a can be extended over its entire length or over a short partial section.

FIG. 16 shows one half of the casing 2, which can be removably connected to the other half of the casing by means of a snap hinge 1c. This casing thus has two joint surfaces in the closed state.

FIG. 17 shows a button-like closure 1d for a casing 2 that can be turned up in cross section. This closure has the advantage that the external contour of the C-cage 1 ring 2 does not show any changes, as for example in the embodiment according to FIG. 15.
A bonding surface 37 is formed.

EXAMPLE 1 Closing of the possible casing can be carried out according to the invention by gluing or welding.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 5 are partial longitudinal sectional views and FIG. , a diagrammatic representation of an advantageous embodiment of the inner wall of the casing; FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic representation of an embodiment of the complete use of a mass exchanger and/or heat exchanger according to the invention; FIG. FIGS. 9 to 11 are schematic diagrams showing, in simplified form, a method suitable for manufacturing a complete exchanger, respectively, and FIGS.
12 and 13 are schematic diagrams respectively showing alternative methods suitable for constructing an exchanger IJ, and FIG.
Figure 15: Schematic representation of the casing with snap-claws in the raised and closed position; Figure 16; Figure 16;
The figure is a schematic diagram showing a casing with a snap hinge 2,
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of a casing closure that can be raised. 1, 1 b, 11-...cap, 2, 2a,'
2b...Casing, 3-Casting material, 4...Hollow filament, 5.6.22.23.24.25...Connecting pipe, 7...Second distribution space, 10...Passing mouth, 10
a, 10b, tOc, 10d, 10e--cross section of passage port, 13... first distribution space, 16...- hollow filament bundle, 18... internal space, 19... conical part, 2
0... Edge, 21... End, 32... Annular body, 3
3-...Intermediate space, 37...Joint surface.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hollow filament bundle of essentially the same length, the ends of which are embedded in the casting material, and a connecting tube for supplying and leading out at least two media. and a cylindrical casing, directing a first medium through the hollow filament, directing a second medium radially inward at a flow inlet of the casing and radially inward at a flow outlet of the casing. In mass exchangers and/or heat exchangers which lead outward and whose casing consists of an essentially tubular body and two caps, all connecting tubes are arranged in the cap, the cap being essentially tubular. at the ends of the tubular body, in each case two closely separated distribution spaces are formed, the first distribution space being arranged on the front side of the tubular body and the second distribution space on the side of the tubular body. Mass exchanger and/or heat exchanger, characterized in that the side surface of the tubular body has at least one passage opening in the area of the second distribution space. 2. A mass exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the second distribution space is arranged annularly around the side surface of the tubular body, and a number of passage ports are provided around the side surface. Or a heat exchanger. 3. The inner wall of the end of the essentially tubular body is within the casting material, and there is as little intermediate space as possible filled with casting material between the outer periphery of the hollow filament bundle and the inner wall of the tubular body. 3. Mass exchanger and/or heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, having an enlarged cross section as present. 4. according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the internal space of the essentially tubular body widens conically from one end towards the other; The described mass exchanger and/or heat exchanger. 5. Any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cap and the essentially tubular body are made of different materials, and the material of the tubular body has approximately the same elongational deformation behavior as the hollow filament bundle. The mass exchanger according to item 1 and/or
Or a heat exchanger. 6. If the mass exchanger and/or heat exchanger is used as a dialyzer, two caps are permanently installed on the dialyzer, at least one of which is axially movable and which has a hollow filament. Claims 1 to 5, in which the tubular body with the bundle is replaceable
The mass exchanger and/or heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding paragraphs. 7. an essentially cylindrical casing with a hollow filament bundle of essentially the same length, the ends of which are embedded in the casting material, and a connecting tube for supplying and leading out at least two media; directing a first medium through the hollow filament, directing a second medium radially inwardly at the casing flow inlet and radially outwardly at the casing flow outlet, and A mass exchanger and/or a heat exchanger whose casing consists of an essentially tubular body and two caps, in which a hollow filament bundle is introduced axially into the casing and sealed at both ends with a casting compound. In a method suitable for manufacturing a tubular casing, the ends of the tubular casing are widened as slightly as possible, and a tubular body is provided on each of the enlarged ends of the casing, the internal dimensions of the tubular body being The end of the hollow filament bundle introduced using a tubular casing whose free end corresponds to the external contour of the hollow filament bundle and whose internal dimensions have at the moment transitioned to the internal contour of the expanded end of the casing. is tightly embedded in the casting material so that the casting material fills the free space in the annulus and at least partially in the expanded casing end, and the annulus is removed after the casting material has solidified. , then cut off the ends of the hollow filament bundles collected with the casting material on the outside of the casing to the extent that the external cross-section of the casting material is larger than the external cross-section of the hollow filament bundles. A method for manufacturing a mass exchanger and/or a heat exchanger, characterized in that: 8. an essentially cylindrical casing with a hollow filament bundle of essentially the same length, the ends of which are embedded in the casting material, and a connecting tube for supplying and leading out at least two media; directing a first medium through the hollow filament, directing a second medium radially inwardly at the casing flow inlet and radially outwardly at the casing flow outlet, and A mass exchanger and/or a heat exchanger whose casing consists of an essentially tubular body and two caps, in which a hollow filament bundle is introduced radially into the casing and sealed at both ends with a casting compound. In a method suitable for producing by
Mass exchange, characterized in that the hollow filament bundles are placed axially apart in an open flexible curved tube, brought into the desired closed shape and joined at an axial separation line. A method of manufacturing a container and/or a heat exchanger. 9. An essentially cylindrical casing with a hollow filament bundle of essentially the same length, the ends of which are embedded in the casting material, and a connecting tube for supplying and leading out at least two media; directing a first medium through the hollow filament, directing a second medium radially inwardly at the casing flow inlet and radially outwardly at the casing flow outlet, and In a method suitable for producing a mass exchanger and/or a heat exchanger, the casing of which consists of an essentially tubular body and two caps, by introducing a hollow filament bundle axially into the casing, Hollow filament bundles in a complete exchanger with a length of 2 to 4 times the length of the hollow filament bundle, with wall perforations for the supply or removal of the exchange medium in the area provided as the end section of the casing, of exactly the same length. into a multiplex casing, which separates the hollow filament bundle present therein into exchangers of the desired length, and subsequently separates the hollow filament end sections within the range between the separation location and the wall perforation. A method for manufacturing a mass exchanger and/or a heat exchanger, characterized by sealing it with a casting material.