JPS61258605A - Magnetic suspension - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION The present invention relates to transportation engineering, and in particular to magnetic suspension systems for vehicles for transporting goods and passengers.

Margin below [Prior Art] A magnetic suspension system in which a vehicle frame moves along a guide rail provided horizontally on a track has been known.
A gap is created between the mutually cooperating members of this magnetic suspension system, for example between the magnetic poles of the frame and the guide rail, due to the repulsion of the magnetic force.

However, during driving, this gap changes due to vertical vibrations of the frame due to various disturbance effects, making driving dangerous. For this reason, the gaps between the cooperating parts of the magnetic suspension have to be set large, resulting in increased energy consumption and magnet weight. In addition, the surfaces of the suspension magnet arrays mounted on the track tend to become contaminated due to foreign objects and atmospheric deposits, which adds to the cost of track cleaning and inspection. This is the main reason why magnetic suspension systems with horizontally extending guide rails are not widely used at present.

Magnetic suspension systems with vertically extending cooperating members are promising. With this arrangement, any vertical vibrations of the frame relative to the track do not change the gap between the cooperating members of the magnetic suspension, but always remain constant. Such a magnetic suspension system is less likely to become dirty because foreign objects and deposits in the suspension do not accumulate on the guide rails.

The insensitivity of the gaps to frame vibrations and the absence of fouling allows for smaller gaps between the surfaces of the members compared to previously described structures, thereby increasing the cargo carrying capacity of the vehicle.

Among such magnetic suspension systems, U.S. Pat. No. 3,828
There is one disclosed in No. 686 (IPC, 861B). This magnetic suspension system is made of ferromagnetic material and includes guide rails mounted on the track and a coil wound on a core mounted on the vehicle frame and extending perpendicularly between the guide rails. There is.

However, this magnetic suspension system is not suitable for transportation because cutting off the power to the coils causes the suspension system to lose lift and cause an accident. Moreover, this type of suspension does not provide sufficient stability of the lifting force within the range of vertical displacements of the frame that actually occur, so a high degree of accuracy of the relative position of the guide rail and the core is required. .

[Background of the invention]

The closest prior art to the present invention is Soviet inventor's certificate No. 46446.
No. 9 (IPC, 821B, 1982) is a magnetic suspension system for a vehicle, which includes a guide rail having a side surface of a magnetically conductive material mounted vertically on the track, and surrounding the side surface of the guide rail and extending horizontally. The frame includes a magnetic system in the form of rows of magnets, the polarity of the pole pieces facing the sides of the guide rail alternating in the longitudinal direction.

This magnetic system has lateral stabilization means to prevent symmetrical displacement of the frame relative to the guide rail.

The magnets in the frame create a magnetic flux that closes with the teeth provided on the sides of the guide rail. During the vertical displacement of the frame, the lift force of the suspension system, which has passed its maximum value, decreases and decreases to zero when the teeth of the guide rail are located symmetrically with respect to the two adjacent pole pieces of the electromagnet. . In other words, the allowable vertical displacement area of the frame must be less than half the distance between adjacent magnetic strips of the frame's magnets, so as to limit the allowable vertical displacement of the frame. High precision is required to provide the desired stability. Moreover, in this type of magnetic suspension system, the magnetic flux generated by the magnets of the frame closes through two gaps, so that the magnetizing force of the magnets must be strong. These conditions discourage the use of permanent magnets as magnetic field sources in magnetic suspension systems, since the magnetizing force of the permanent magnets remains inadequate in the suspension system to create the necessary lift.

Such magnetic suspensions can only be made with electromagnets, but they are energy-intensive, require large amounts of non-ferrous metals, and at the same time are unreliable, as a power cut causes loss of lift and an emergency situation. .

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The present invention provides a magnetic suspension for a vehicle configured to increase the amplitude of the vertical vibration of the frame relative to the guide rail during driving, thereby ensuring vertical stability of the suspension and load carrying capacity. The objective is to improve reliability by increasing energy consumption and reducing both energy consumption and metal weight.

[Means for solving problems]

The purpose of the ridge is to include at least one guide rail mounted perpendicularly to the track and having side surfaces of magnetically conductive material; with lateral position stabilization means, the sides of said guide rail and horizontally extending magnetic pole pieces are provided with lateral position stabilization means; a frame surrounding both sides of the magnetic system; the polarities of the magnetic pole pieces facing the sides of the guide rails are arranged alternately in the longitudinal direction;
A magnetic suspension system for a vehicle transporting cargo and passengers along a track, wherein the magnetic system of the frame is made of a permanent magnet array, the permanent magnet array is attached to the side of a guide rail extending horizontally, The spacing of the magnet rows is equal to the spacing of the permanent magnet rows of the frame, and is achieved by a magnetic suspension system characterized in that the polarity of the magnetic pole pieces of the row and the polarity of the magnetic pole pieces of the row facing it are different from each other. .

In the magnetic suspension of the invention, the permanent magnet array of the frame is preferably mounted on a substrate of magnetically conductive material, and the frame preferably includes at least one rigid bracket.

The magnetic suspension system of the present invention comprises at least one auxiliary guide rail having an array of permanent magnets, a frame having a substrate made of magnetically conductive material to which the array of permanent magnets is attached, and a substrate installed on the other side of the guide rail. is firmly connected to the vertical ribs of the bracket of the frame, and the substrate of the magnet array installed between the guide rails is fixed to the base of the bracket.

According to the present invention, the magnetic suspension system is configured such that one guide rail is firmly fixed to the track, and the other guide rail can be laterally displaced on the track.

In the magnetic suspension system of the present invention, the permanent magnets formed by the magnet arrays of the guide rail and frame are preferably made in the form of bars of hard magnetic material.

Preferably, the hard magnetically conductive material used in the magnetic suspension system of the present invention is ferrite.

The ridge features of the magnetic suspension can increase the amplitude of permissible vertical vibrations and improve the stability of the suspension.

At the same time, the magnetic suspension of the invention offers the possibility of implementing permanent magnets without the need for a power source, thereby ensuring the reliability and safety of the suspension during operation.

The present invention has the advantage of reducing the weight of the device since no non-ferrous metals are used to make the coils and the consumption of magnetically conductive material to make the guide rails is also reduced.

〔Example〕

A steel guide rail 3 is suspended by a clamp 2 from a track 1 shown in FIG. A row 4 of permanent magnets extending parallel to the horizontal direction is attached to the side surface of the guide rail 3. Non-magnetic spacers 5 are provided between the rows 4 to facilitate assembly of the guide rail 3. The frame 6 of this suspension comprises sturdy brackets 7 which surround the sides of the guide rails 3. A substrate 8 made of magnetically conductive material is fixed to this bracket 7, and a row 9 of permanent magnets and non-magnetic inserts 10 extending horizontally parallel to each other is placed on the substrate. Means for laterally stabilizing the frame 6 are also provided on the bracket 7, the mounting comprising an arm 11 and a roller 12 running along the side of the guide rail 3 attached to it. A rod 13 is used to suspend the container 14 from the bracket 7 of the frame 6. The permanent magnet rows 4 of the guide rail 3 and the permanent magnet rows 9 of the frame 6 are similarly vertically spaced apart and located opposite each other. The polarities of the pole pieces 15 of the magnet rows 4.9 are arranged alternately in the vertical direction, and the polarity of the pole pieces of the opposing magnet rows 4.9 is different.

In the magnetic suspension system of the invention, the magnet arrays 4 and 9 are formed by permanent magnets in the form of bars of hard magnetic material such as ferrite so that no electrical power is required. With this configuration, it is possible to avoid an emergency situation that is difficult to avoid when the power is cut off.

Furthermore, since there is no need to use a non-ferrous metal coil and the guide rail 3 does not have metal teeth, the consumption of metal for manufacturing the guide rail and magnets is reduced.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment with two guide rails 3 and 16 attached to the track 1 by arms 17.

The guide rail 3 is firmly fixed to the arm 17, and the auxiliary rail 16 is mounted so as to be laterally displaceable on the track by a mechanism of the arm 17 having a pin 18 that fits into a hole 19 in the guide rail 16.

The frame 6 includes a sturdy bracket 7.

The permanent magnet array 9 is mounted on a substrate 8 fixed to the vertical wall of the bracket 7 facing the outer side of the guide rail 3.16.
mounted on top. Another board 20 installed between the guide rails 3 and 16 has its end face fixed to the base of the bracket 7. The magnet arrays 4 and 9 are fixed to the side walls of the guide rails 3 and 16 and the substrates 8 and 20 of the frame 6 with non-magnetic spacers 5 and 10 interposed therebetween. IFF stone rows 4, 9 on guide rails 3, 16 and frame 6
The arrangement and polarity of are the same as in the example shown in FIG.

The stabilizing means (Fig. 3) of this magnetic suspension system is the bracket 7.
An arm 11 with rollers 12 running along the outer side surfaces of guide rails 3 and 16 installed on it, and a substrate 2
0 and an arm 21 with rollers 22 running along the inner side of the guide rail 3.16.

In the suspension system of this embodiment, the substrate 20 is thin and the required strength is much lower than that of the bracket 7, so it is possible to increase the load carrying capacity with only a slight increase in the weight of the frame 6. Become.

The provision of a laterally displaceable guide rail 16 simplifies the design of the magnetic suspension system as a whole and allows self-adjustment of the desired distance between the guide rails 3 and 16 during movements of the frame 6.

Figure 4.5.6 shows yet another example of a suspension system.

Here, the array 4 of permanent magnets mounted on the guide rail 3 is covered with a plate 23 of non-magnetic electrically conductive material in order to improve the stability of the suspension at high speeds. In other respects, the structure of the suspension system is the same as that of FIG.

Figure 5 shows a frame 6 consisting of two sturdy brackets 7.
, in which a substrate 8 and a guide rail 3 having a plate 23 made of a non-magnetic conductive material are fixed to the bracket.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 5.

As is clear from this figure, the permanent magnet arrays 4 and 9 are made in the form of bars attached to the guide rail 3 and the frame 6. The row 4 is covered with a plate 23 made of non-magnetic conductive material.

[For production]

The magnetic suspension system of the present invention operates as follows.

During loading of the container 14 (FIG. 1), the frame 6 moves downwards due to gravity. During the vertical displacement of the frame 6,
The permanent magnet array 9 of the frame 6 moves downward relative to the facing permanent magnet array 4 provided on the guide rail 3.

The facing magnet arrays 9 and 4, which are vertically displaced from each other, attract each other and generate lift because their magnetic pole pieces 15 have different polarities.

Each row 9 of frames 6, except for the bottom one, has a frame 6
interacts with rows 4 of guide rails 3 having pole pieces 15 of the same polarity which approach each other as they descend. This interaction of rows 9 and 4 also produces lift due to repulsive forces. This overall lift balances the vertical loads on the frame 6 under the vehicle's gravity. The lateral suction forces of rows 4, 9 acting on the sides of the guide rail are absorbed by the placket 7, and a load equal to the difference between the suction forces of row 9 towards row 4 on the side of the guide rail is applied to the rollers of the stabilizing means. Acts on 12.

The stabilizer rollers 12 are provided so that the gaps between the magnet rows 9 and 4 on each side of the guide rail 3 are equal. As the mutual gaps become closer, the load on the rollers 12 and the motion resistance of the frame 6 become smaller. As the vertical displacement of frame 6 increases, the lift of the suspension increases, and when the displacement of the frame is equal to half the spacing of rows 4 and 9,
reach maximum.

When there is a disturbing force that causes pitching in the frame 6, the magnet arrays 4 and 9 are no longer parallel to each other (see FIG. 2). When running in parallel, the magnet row 4.9 with different types of magnetic pole pieces facing each other tends to occupy a predetermined position, and the other magnet row 4.9 with the same type of magnetic pole pieces facing each other moves away from each other. frame 6.
A moment is created which opposes the pitching of the frame 6 and, in conjunction with an increase in the permissible vertical displacement of the frame 6, prevents a loss of stability.

The magnetic suspension shown in FIG. 3 operates in exactly the same manner as previously described. The advantage of this embodiment is that by increasing the number of magnet rows 9.4, the load carrying capacity of the suspension system can be increased. That is, this capability is advantageously achieved by installing another guide rail 16 rather than by increasing the number of rows 4 of guide rails 3. This is because, in the former case, an increase in the number of magnet arrays 4 is accompanied by an increase in the vertical dimensions of the guide rail 3 and frame 6, which requires precision in manufacturing the rail 3 and also causes an increase in the weight of the frame 60. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the rows 9 are attached to both sides of the substrate 20, and the lateral suction forces of the rows 9 acting on both sides of the substrate 20 cancel each other out, so that the load bearing of the frame 6 is reduced. The substrate 20, which is a member, is not subjected to bending force. Therefore,
Unlike the bracket 7, the substrate 20 only needs to have minimum rigidity in the horizontal direction.

Another feature of this magnetic suspension system is that the guide rail 1
6 is attached so that it can move laterally. This feature allows self-adjustment of the rail 16 relative to the rail 3 during movement of the frame 6 if the suspension is manufactured with low assembly accuracy.

The magnetic suspension shown in Figure 4.5.6 also operates in the same manner as described above. The difference in this example is that the non-magnetic conductive plate 23
is provided on the magnet row 4, and the roller 12 is provided on the guide rail 3.
The purpose is to ensure the lateral stability of the frame 6 at high speed even if the frame 6 is not engaged with the frame 6. When frame 6 (FIG. 2) moves at high speed (the direction of movement is indicated by arrow 24), a magnetic field of varying strength (see arrow 25) is applied to frame 6.
is induced by the front and rear end surfaces of F1. Fz
, F3. Under the action of F4, an electric force is generated that repulses the end surface of the frame 6 from the side surface of the guide rail 3, thereby stabilizing the lateral position of the frame 6.

During vertical vibrations of the frame 6, the strength of the magnetic flux passing through the plate 23 produced by the magnet arrays 9, 4 changes. As a result, a vortex is induced in the plate 23 C, which, by interaction with the magnet array 9 of the frame 6, forms a force F in the opposite direction to the vector 2 of the vertical vibration velocity of the frame 6.

Therefore, the force F suppresses the vertical vibrations of the frame 6 and improves its stability.

According to the present invention, the reliability of a magnetic suspension system for a vehicle during operation is improved, its stability and load carrying capacity are increased, and at the same time the weight of the metal used is reduced and the assembly of the system is facilitated. .

This suspension structure allows the use of safe permanent magnets that do not require electrical power and therefore have low operating costs, expanding the range of applications for magnetic suspension bags.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a magnetic suspension system according to the invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the location of a horizontally extending row of permanent magnets on one side of the guide rail and frame. FIG. 3 shows an example of a magnetic suspension system having two guide rails according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the frame adjacent to a portion of the guide rail covered with a plate of non-magnetic conductive material. FIG. 5 is a side view of the frame and guide rail. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line Vl-VI in FIG. 5. 1-Race 2...-Clamp 3--Guide rail 4--Guide rail magnet row 5--Non-magnetic spacer 6-Frame 7...-Bracket 8--Substrate 9--Frame magnet row 10・-Non-magnetic spacer 11--Mounted by arm 12--Roller 13--Rod 14--Container 15-Magnetic pole piece 16-Auxiliary rail 17--Mounted by arm 18--Pin 1 19-- Hole 20 - Board 21 - Installation is arm 22 - Roller 23 - Plate

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. at least one guide rail (3) mounted perpendicularly to the track and having a side surface of magnetically permeable material; comprising lateral position stabilization means, the side surface of said guide rail (3); and a magnetic system having horizontally extending magnetic pole pieces (15); the polarity of the magnetic pole pieces (15) facing the sides of said guide rail (3) is longitudinal. A magnetic suspension system for a vehicle transporting cargo and passengers along a track, the magnetic system of said frame (6) being made of permanent magnet rows (9), arranged alternately in permanent magnet rows (4). ) are attached to the side surfaces of the guide rail (3) extending horizontally, the spacing of the magnet rows (4) being equal to the spacing of the permanent magnet rows (9) of the frame (6);
2. A magnetic suspension system characterized in that the polarity of the magnetic pole piece (15) in the row (4) opposite thereto is different from the polarity of the magnetic pole piece (15) in the row (4). 2. Magnetic suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that the frame (6) comprises at least one rigid bracket (7) with a substrate of magnetically conductive material. 3. Two guide rails (3) with permanent magnet arrays (4)
), (16), and the guide rails (3), (16)
At least one auxiliary substrate (20) of magnetically conductive material is provided on the frame (6) between which supports a horizontally extending permanent magnet row (9), and the magnetic poles of the rows (4), (9) piece (1
5) are arranged alternately in the vertical direction, and the pole pieces (1
The polarity of 5) is the pole piece (15) of the row (9) facing this.
The magnetic suspension system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the magnetic suspension device has a polarity different from that of the magnetic suspension device. 4. One of the guide rails (3) is firmly fixed to the track (1), and the other guide rail (16) is attached to the track (1) so as to be able to move laterally. A magnetic suspension system as described in Scope No. 3. 5. A patent characterized in that a plate (23) of non-magnetic conductive material is provided on the pole piece (15) of the permanent magnet array (4) of the guide rail (3) facing the frame (6). A magnetic suspension system according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 6. Magnet row (4) of guide rail (3) and frame (6)
), (9) are made in the shape of a bar of hard magnetic material. magnetic suspension system. 7. The magnetic suspension device according to claim 6, wherein the hard magnetic material is ferrite.