JPS61253713A - Dc power cable - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a DC power cable whose dielectric strength is improved by removing distortion of electric field caused by space charges.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, polyethylene and crosslinked polyethylene have been widely used as insulators for ordinary AC high voltage cables such as CV cables because of their excellent dielectric strength and dielectric properties.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, it is known that several problems occur when a cable having an insulator made of polyethylene, crosslinked polyethylene, or the like is applied to high-voltage DC power transmission. The biggest problem is that by applying a high DC voltage, long-lived space charges are likely to be formed in the insulator. This space charge is generally said to be electronic, hole-based, or ionic, and is said to be caused by the charge being trapped in a region related to the crystal structure of polyethylene.

Furthermore, since polyethylene is a non-polar material with good insulation properties, trapped charges are less likely to leak, resulting in space charges having a long life. When a space charge is accumulated in the insulator due to the application of direct current, the electric field strength near the conductor increases, causing a disadvantage that the breakdown voltage of the cable decreases.

The present invention was made against this background, and an object of the present invention is to provide a DC power cable with increased dielectric strength by reducing the accumulation of space charges that adversely affect the insulator.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the gist of the present invention is to add an appropriate amount of carbon black to the insulator. The carbon black has an oil absorption amount (cc/1) of mineral oil relative to a specific surface area (m'/g) measured by the BET method.
00 g) is 0.7 to 3.5, the hydrogen content to carbon black is 0.6% by weight or less, and the average particle size is 10 to 100 nm.

That is, carbon black with a diameter of 10 to 100 millimeters is used, and 0.2 to 5% of this carbon black is added to the thermoplastic resin to form an insulating composition.

Here, the specific surface area refers to a predetermined substance (for example, Nt, Ar, etc.) adsorbed per gram of carbon black.
, expressed as surface area per gram. This is because it is difficult to measure the surface area of each particle. On the other hand, oil absorption is literally the amount of oil absorbed, and is a measure of the particle structure of carbon black. Further, the average particle size of carbon black is given by: Average particle size=ΣN1-Di/ΣNi, where Ni is the number of particles in each particle size range and Di is the center value of the particle size range. In addition, as the above thermoplastic resin, polyethylene (low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene)
, polypropylene, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EV
A), ethylene ethyl acrylate copolymer (EE
A), ethylene propylene rubber (EPR), etc., and mixtures thereof can be used. Moreover, it is of course possible to use it after crosslinking. On the other hand, typical types of carbon black include SAF carbon and acetylene carbon.

[Function] According to the above configuration, leakage of space charges can be promoted. The reason for this will be explained below.

The resistivity (specific resistance) of the above insulating composition is ρ (Ω-m), the temperature coefficient of insulation resistance is α (1/'C), and the electric field coefficient (
If the stress coefficient of insulation resistance is β (mm/kV) and the electric field strength applied to the insulator composition is E (kV/mm), then ρ=ρ. It is known that the relationship exp-(αT+βE) (1) holds true.

When carbon black is added, the electric field coefficient β increases while the temperature coefficient α decreases, promoting space charge leakage in the insulator composition. This is because as the electric field coefficient β increases, the resistivity ρ decreases, which eases the electric field in high-stress parts (parts where a strong electric field is applied).In addition, as the temperature coefficient α decreases, when the conductor temperature is high, the shielding side This is because the maximum electric field E max that appeared in is reduced. In this way, the electric field distribution within the insulator composition moves toward uniformity, reducing space charge buildup.

Next, the reasons for various numerical limitations will be explained.

(],) Addition amount of carbon black is 0.2 to 5%
The reason for.

If the amount added is less than 0.2%, the above-mentioned effects cannot be sufficiently obtained. Moreover, if it exceeds 5%, the resistivity ρ decreases and the electric field coefficient β increases significantly, leading to a risk of thermal breakdown.

(2) Reason for oil absorption/specific surface area of 0.7 or more and 3°5 or less.

When the amount of carbon black added increases, the distance between the particles decreases, and under a high electric field, current flows between the particles due to the tunnel effect. For this reason, the electric field coefficient β becomes larger than necessary, causing thermal breakdown. Therefore, it is essential to reduce the resistivity ρ in equation (1) with a small addition amount.

Incidentally, carbon black, which has a large ratio of oil absorption to specific surface area, can lower the resistivity ρ with a small amount, and good results can be obtained if this ratio is 0.7 or more.

On the other hand, if this ratio is greater than 3.5, the degree of agglomeration of the particles will increase, the apparent particle size will increase, and miscibility with thermoplastic resins such as polyethylene will deteriorate. This effect is particularly large in acetylene carbon because the particles are connected in a chain.

Also, SAF, I SAF, I-I SAF, CF, S
It has been experimentally confirmed that when carbon black of either CF or HA F' carbon is used, the above ratio is particularly good in the range of 0.7 to 1.5.

(3) Reason why the hydrogen content relative to carbon black is 0.6% by weight or less.

When the hydrogen content is high, the number of π electrons increases and the movement of electrons is hindered. Therefore, in order to obtain the desired resistivity ρ,
A large amount of carbon black must be added, which is not preferred for the same reason as (2) above. Therefore, the lower the hydrogen content, the better, and good results can be obtained if it is 0.6% by weight or less.

(4) The reason why the average particle size of carbon black is 10 to 100 millimicrons.

This particle size is the optimum value that does not disturb the crystal structure of the insulator such as polyethylene. Disturbance of the crystal structure reduces the electrical performance of the insulator. If the particle size is larger than this, the dispersion and mixing of carbon black will deteriorate. Moreover, if it is smaller than this, manufacturing is difficult and impractical.

[Experimental Example] Power cables using various insulator compositions shown in Table 1 as insulators were manufactured. In this case, the power cable has a conductor cross-sectional area of 200 mm', an insulator thickness of 3 m+n, and the inner and outer semiconducting layers and the insulator are formed by coextrusion.

A DC breakdown test was conducted on the above power cable, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.

As is clear from Table 1, the power cable of the present invention has significantly improved DC breakdown voltage.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, in the present invention, since a specific amount of specific carbon black is added to the thermoplastic resin forming the insulator, the accumulation of space charges can be reduced. As a result, the DC breakdown voltage of the cable can be increased, making it possible to provide a DC cable with high dielectric strength.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) 0% of the following carbon black is added to the thermoplastic resin.
．． A DC power cable characterized in that an insulating composition containing 2 to 5% by weight is used as an insulator. (a) The ratio of the oil absorption amount (cc/100g) of mineral oil to the specific surface area (m^2/g) measured by the BET method is 0.7 or more and 3.5 or less, and (b) the carbon black The hydrogen content is 0.
Carbon black less than 6% by weight. (2) The DC power cable according to claim 1, wherein the carbon black satisfies the following conditions. (a) Specific surface area (m^2/g) measured by the above BET method
The ratio of oil absorption amount (cc/100g) of mineral oil to 0.
7 or more and 1.5 or less, and (b) carbon black having an average particle size of 10 to 100 nm.