JPS6124377A - Rotary shutter device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a continuous picture and a still picture with high quality by settig an aperture of a shutter to a shape and position where an image pickup element is exposed sequentially in the vertical scanning direction, and applying it to a VTR camera so that the scanning of the element is finished within a shield period. CONSTITUTION:A shutter blade 1 is turned in the direction A and an adjusting blade 2 is turned relatively to the blade 1. After an image sensor 5 is exposed, the sensor 5 is shielded sequentially from the lower end by the turning of the blade 1 and sequential reading scanning is started from the scanning line at the lowermost part of the sensor 5 in synchronizing with the timing of the shielding of the lower end. The required time for the entier scanning of the element 5 is 1/60sec and since the turning speed of the blade 1 is set so that the required time from the start of the shielding to the ed by the ridge C of an aperture 4B and a ridge B of the aperture 4A is 1/60sec, when the reading of the uppermost scanning line of the element 5 is finished, the ridge C' comes onto a straight line K. The shutting of the element 5 at the ridge D and the reading of picture information stored on the photodetecting face of the element 5 by the aperture 4B are started as soon as the reading scanning for one picture's share is finished. Thus, the turning of blade and the horizontal scanning are synchronized.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Fields of Application of lr(, 1-)) The present invention photoelectrically converts a subject image formed on a mechanism-addressed solid-state imaging element of a MOS image sensor. This relates to a rotary shutter device used in electronic still cameras or VTR cameras that sends the obtained video signal to a recorder, etc. Here are some information regarding the rotary shutter device.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, an electrophotographic camera using a scanning image sensor is equipped with an objective lens and an image sensor to enable high-speed and uniform shutter operation.
′ is known in which a row shutter is provided between the two.

Such a rotary shutter has a shutter disc mounted on a rotating shaft of a pulse motor, etc., and by driving the pulse motor etc. and rotating the shutter disc, the optical aperture provided on the shutter disc is blocked. If high-speed and uniform shutter operation is possible, the Jt has extremely excellent durability.

In view of the above-mentioned advantages, a method has been proposed in which such a []-tally shutter is used as a shutter for a continuous video camera such as a VTR. In this case, the period of exposure of the subject image onto the solid-state HA imager through the aperture of the rotary shutter is defined as 1/60 second or 1/30 second, corresponding to a general broadcast TV system, and the shutter circle The plate will rotate at a constant speed. Therefore, it is not possible to set or change the desired exposure range by changing the rotational speed of the disc. Therefore, if you want to obtain an appropriate exposure ω depending on the situation in a continuous shadow camera, it is desirable to change the opening angle of the rotary shutter opening. The shutter blades are formed by overlapping mold-shaped shutter blades, and the opening angle of the blades can be freely adjusted.

However, there is a strong desire to obtain the screen of IrA's recent video as a still image.
Many R systems have a still mechanism that allows them to take 1q of still images.

However, if the rotary shutter as mentioned above is
Continuous shooting camera
- When obtaining an image, the still image is a single image [
If the image is not exposed through the "" section, there is a problem in that, especially in images of difficult subjects, there is a shift between adjacent horizontal scanning lines, making the screen extremely unsightly.

(Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made to solve the problems described in (C). It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotary shutter device capable of obtaining high-quality still images as well as images.

(Description of the Invention) The rotary shutter device of the present invention has an opening formed by a first shutter member and a second shutter member that intermittently transmits light to the light receiving surface of a solid-state imaging element. is set in such a shape and position that the solid-state imaging probe is sequentially exposed in the vertical scanning direction, and the scanning of the element is completed between two consecutive IRW beams, that is, within one light blocking period. -The feature is that it is made to look like this.

That is, when the shutter blade rotates, the opening also rotates,
Along with this, the light passing through this opening moves so as to sequentially expose the one-piece image element in the vertical scanning direction, and the shutter blade rotates further, causing the light to enter the solid-state image sensor. Synchronizing with the timing at which the light is blocked, horizontal scanning of the part of this element where the light is blocked begins,
The image information stored in this element is read.

Thereafter, the shutter blade rotates further and the exposure of the portion of this element where the horizontal scanning has been completed is resumed.

In addition, the second shutter blade changes to the first shutter blade depending on the movement of the subject.
The exposure time (shutter speed) can be changed by moving relative to the shutter blade in its rotating direction to appropriately change the opening angle of the opening.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the low shutter device of the present invention, since horizontal scanning of the solid-state image sensor is performed during two consecutive exposures, fast-moving subjects can be photographed easily. 1
Even when this screen is viewed as a still image, there is no risk of image shift between adjacent horizontal scanning lines. In general, it is possible to change the shutter speed by changing the opening angle of the frontage appropriately depending on the amount of light entering the solid-state image sensor and the speed of the subject's movement, so it is possible to adjust the shutter speed appropriately in any situation. Continuous exposure images or still images!
ii image can be obtained.

(Embodiment) A rotary shutter device using a MOS type image sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the rotary shutter device 2 rotating in the direction of arrow A around the rotation shaft 3 when viewed from the front. On the middle circumference of the shutter blade 1, six fan-shaped openings are provided at equal intervals.
, the incident light from the outside is intermittent.

In addition, there is a mWJ blade 2 (step 4) on the back of IN 1 that rotates and slides relative to the shutter blade 1, and this adjustment blade 2 is used as a shutter blade as shown in Fig. 2. It has fan-shaped projections corresponding to each of the openings 4A to 4F (hereinafter collectively referred to as 4) of the blade 1. The adjustment blade 2 rotates relative to the shutter blade 1 to change the opening angle UN of the opening 4.

The back F angle of these two blades 7.2 is approximately 7. A Li-shaped MOS image sensor 5 is disposed, and an opening 4
The object image formed on the light-receiving surface by the incident light that has passed through the sensor is photoelectrically read by an XY address scanning method and output to a recorder or image reproducing device. Further, an opening 6 is formed along the outer periphery of the shutter blade 11.
(or one with good light reflectance, etc.) are arranged at equal intervals on the number side, and the light passing through these 116 (or marks, etc.) is arranged near the outer periphery of this vine wing 4N1. F1-sensor for rotational speed detection (FG sensor)
7 detects and controls the rotational speed of the stubble blade 1.

J: Yes, a phase detection lens 4 (P G t) 8 is arranged near the edge of the image sensor, and the aperture 4
The phase of rotation of the shutter blade 1 is controlled by detecting the light advancing portion of the shutter blade 1.

Next, the rotation of the shutter blade 1 and the water j of the image sensor 5 are explained.
The relationship with V scanning will be described.

For example, the opening 4A1, s
The image sensor 5 is exposed to the incident light from +1, and then the feather 1 is rotated in the direction of the arrow c.
l. The re-image sensor 5 is sequentially advanced from the bottom end to the top end, and the image sensor 5 is sequentially read from the bottom scanning line in synchronization with the timing of the light shielding at the top end of the image sensor 5. Scanning begins. This scanning is sequential scanning using the X-Y addressing method, and the scanning is performed so as to move from the lower end to the upper end as shown in FIG.

The time required to scan the entire surface of the element 5 is n! 1 interval 1
/60 seconds, and the time required from when the edge 8h of the opening 4A starts shielding the element 5 to when the edge C of the opening 4°B finishes shielding the element 5 is 1/60 seconds. Since the rotation speed of the shitotsuta blade 1 is set to be 60 seconds,
When the reading of the topmost scanning line of the element 5 is completed, the edge C- is straightly upward. However, in order to set the shutter speed to a faster value, if the adjustment blade 2 is used to reduce the opening angle of the opening 1'' portion 4, the top scanning line of the rope 5 cannot be read. After the scanning is completed, light shielding of the element 5 by the adjustment blade 2 is continued for a period of 10 minutes.

When this reading scan for one screen is completed, the opening 4 will open at the date and time.
The light-shielding of the element 5 by the edge of B and the reading of the image information applied to the light-receiving surface of the element 5 by the opening part 4B are started, after which the above-mentioned operations are repeated.

Therefore, the shutter blade 1 rotates for 1710 seconds'C:1, during which time images for 6 screens are read, and the read RS numbers are sent to the recorder or image generator in chronological order. .

FIG. 4 shows a timing chart of the above-mentioned movement f'1. Figure 4(a) shows vertical synchronization 4ei
The figure shows SFi Vp, and shows how a square wave pulse with a width of 3H (+1 is the horizontal scanning period t81; the same applies hereinafter) is output, and each field period is started by the rising edge of this pulse. This shows how it looks like.

In Fig. 4 1), reading scanning starts after 6 ('' from the start of each field period, and 3 after each field period ends).
) 1 before the reading scan is completed. Fourth
Figure (C) shows a delayed vertical synchronization signal V that outputs a square wave pulse after a certain delay time has elapsed from the start of each field period.
, P, and FIG. 4(d) shows the state of the phase detection signal PG output by the PG sensor 8 upon detecting the light shielding portion. Note that the rotation of the shutter blade 1 is controlled by synchronizing the rising edge of the pulse of the delayed vertical synchronization signal VDP with the rising edge of the phase detection signal PG. It shows the period (vertical line part). Furthermore, FIG. 4(f) shows the received light that has passed through the aperture 6 (or mark, etc.) [G
The state of the rotational speed detection signal FG output from the Senrif is shown.

Fig. 5 shows an example of a shutter rotation drive mechanism provided on the back of the shutter blade 1 and the adjustment blade 2, and the shutter speed can be changed arbitrarily by using such 1fi44. There is. The operation will be explained step by step below.

The shutter speed can be set using the shutter speed dial 1.
Turn 1 - (Set by selecting an arbitrary index. This dial 11 will set the value from 1/125 seconds to 11,500 seconds.
When the index is selected within seconds (during which it can be selected continuously), one end 12a of the slide lever 12 moves to 5W13.
and 5W14a are set to the ON state. When 5W13 is set to the ON state, the rotary tortoise and ivy (shito ivy feathers (1ri1 and adjustment blades 2)
The power supply path for the drive Tanabata 15 is closed, and the rotary shutter starts rotating by pressing the release button (not shown) one step. I T oh, 5W14a
By setting Ifi to the ON state, the recording circuit is closed and image information can be recorded.

On the other hand, when the dial 11 is rotated counterclockwise from the index 1/425 second position, 5W13.5W14
a are both set to the 0)-F state, the rotation of the low shutter is stopped, and the recording circuit is also cut off. When the dial 11 is rotated counterclockwise and the STA Y index is selected, the 5W 14b is set to the ON state, and the recording circuit is set to the ON state. Note that the rotation drive circuit remains set to the OFF state. At this time, the shutter speed depends only on the reading scanning speed of the element 5, and in this embodiment, the required reading scanning time vr for one screen is set to 1/60 seconds, so the dial 11 is set to 5TAY. The shutter speed when set is 1/60 second.

The shutter speed of a rotary shutter is generally determined by the opening angle N, and the smaller the opening angle N, the faster the shutter speed can be obtained. In this embodiment, dial 11
The opening angle N of the rotary shutter is changed as the rotary shutter rotates. That is, when the dial 11 is rotated in the hour h1 direction,
The bottle 16 embedded in the dial 11 rotates clockwise, and since the tip of the bottle 16 roughly fits into the cam hole of the lever 17, the lever 17 also rotates clockwise.

Note that the cam groove 17 of the lever 17. The cam grooves 17a are provided to make the display on the dial 11 evenly spaced, and the shape of the cam grooves 17a may be a vertically long straight groove. When the lever 17 rotates clockwise, the bottle 18 attached to the lever 17 also rotates in the clockwise direction, but since the tip of the bottle 18 fits into the groove of the slider 19, the slider 19 moves to the right in the drawing. move in the direction. A bottle 20 is installed in the slider 19, and the tip of the bottle 20 is fitted into the cam groove 20b of the ivy blade shaft 20a of the slider 11 and the cam groove 20d of the adjustment blade shaft 20c, so that the adjustment blade 2 is adjusted to 'l i
Rotate in the l-horn direction to reduce the opening angle N of the 1'' portion 4. On the other hand, the dial 11 is rotated from the index 17125 seconds to the counter 11. ``Turn it in the i direction and the dial 11 will be S1ΔY.
When the tip of the bottle 16 is set at the position of the force 11 vortex 178
The cam moves from the position to the position of the cam 17b, and the opening 4 is kept open.

The lever 12 moves in the direction of the drawing, and the tip of the 1J pin 21 provided at the tip of the lever 12 is brought into contact with the groove of the slider 22.
■ Since the slider 22 will slide to the left in the drawing, the convex portion 23 of the slider 22 will be
It fits into the recess 25 of. The slider 22 can move in the axial direction with respect to the rotating shaft, but is prevented from rotating. As a result, one of the backs of the opening 4 is set at a position corresponding to the image sensor 5 (not shown in FIG. 5). In order to eliminate vignetting of J5 and element 5,
[I-It is desirable to set the opening angle r-CCN of the frontage portion 4 as large as possible when the rotation is stopped.

By the way, in this embodiment, there is a movie mode for continuous photography, a still mode for methyl photography,
Furthermore, it has various functions such as a movie & still mode that allows continuous photography uQ shadow and methyl photography to be taken at the same time, and in order to perform these settings and switching accurately and quickly, these operations are performed by a microcomputer. -C is here. The main flowchart 17 of the operation will be explained below with reference to FIG. When the input SW is set to the ON state, execution of the program is started, the power supply of the drive circuit etc. is set to the ON state (31), and further initial value setting is performed (32). After this, check the battery (33
), if the condition is bad, the output is stopped. 34) The operation ends. On the other hand, if the battery is in good condition, check whether the power save function to save power is turned off (35), and if it is turned off, turn off the power to the electronic viewfinder for monitoring captured images. Set to ON state (36). After this, it will detect whether or not the still mode is specified (37), and if it is specified, the movie & still mode will be executed (38), and if the specified <L
t-, Jrej, f Execute movie mode k (this 39
),, -1j, If power save 1 is not released, immediately detect whether the still mode is specified or not. 40 > If it is specified, execute the still mode. 41. ), if specified, the main route --
- Return to 1 and check the battery again (33
). After completing each mode, return to the main loop and perform the re-melting process (33).

Next, a second embodiment will be described using FIGS. 7 and 8. The above-mentioned embodiment uses the sequential reading scanning method to obtain MO3.
While the image information stored in the MO3 type image sensor 5 is read, in this embodiment, the image information stored in the MO3 type image sensor a is read by an interlaced scanning method. For this reason, it is necessary to shield the element from light until the second field scan is completed, and the ratio of the light shielding part is larger than in the above-described embodiment, and the exposure period of the image sensor 5a is 1/30 second. The exposure period is twice that of the example shown in FIG. The operation of the adjusting blade 2a etc. is substantially the same as in the embodiment described above.

FIG. 8 shows a timing chart 1 of the operation of this embodiment. Comparing this Figure 8 with Figure 1 (a
) Vertical synchronization signal v, (b> scanning line, (C) delayed vertical synchronization signal V, Dj) phase detection signal PG, and (f) rotation speed 1 good detection A No. 3 1-G and J5 are almost the same However, (e) it is responsible for the element exposure timing. That is, FIG. 8 (◯) shows that the light shielding period occupies a larger proportion than the exposure period.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 7 described above, six or one to three openings are provided in the middle circumference of the shutter blade, but the number of openings is not limited to this. However, as long as the solid-state imaging probe can be read and scanned as described above, the number may be more or less than that.

In addition, in the embodiment a3 shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 7, the FG sensor and the PG sensor are used to control the speed and phase of the rotation of the shutter blade. If it is possible to reliably synchronize the horizontal scanning of the solid-state image sensor, either one of the above controls may be used.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the low shutter shutter device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the adjustment blade in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the MOS shown in FIG. 1. 4 shows the timing diagram of various signals in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 shows the timing diagram of the various signals shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the shutter rotation drive mechanism of the embodiment, and FIG.
The figure is a schematic diagram showing the second embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the timing of various signals in the embodiment shown in FIG.
FIG. 1.1a...Shutter blade 2.2a...Adjustment blade 3...Rotation center (rotation axis) 4.4A~4F...Opening 11...Shutter speed variable die X full 15...・Drive motor Fig. 5 (Spontaneous) Bow yoke continuation JI] F, -jN; f Commissioner of the Patent Office November 6, 1982 [11
, Small! 1 Small Patent Application No. 59-147189 <No. 2, Name of the invention Rotary one-note device 3, Person making the amendment, Case and relationship Patent applicant Address 324, 1r, Uetake-cho, Omiya City, Saitama Prefecture
Name: Fuji Photo Co., Ltd. 4, Agent: Roppongi b-J t: Minato-ku, Tokyo. 2 No. 1 No. 6, Number of inventions increased by amendment None 7, Subject of amendment
Column 8 of “Detailed Description of the Invention” of Mei II^, contents of amendment 1) Page 3, line 3 of the specification “Meke J is corrected to rXYJ.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A solid-state image sensor that reads the object image formed on the light-receiving surface by continuous horizontal scanning and converts it into a video signal, and an optical system that forms the object image on the solid-state image sensor and the solid-state image sensor. a first opening, which is disposed between the optical system and the optical system, has at least one opening that rotates about a rotation axis that is substantially parallel to the optical axis of the optical system, and that interrupts the incidence of light on the light-receiving surface. a first shutter member equipped with a shutter blade; a second shutter member equipped with a second shutter blade that adjusts the opening angle of the opening; and the first shutter member together with a second shutter member. In a rotary shutter device comprising a rotating means for rotating, the opening rotates so as to sequentially expose the solid-state image sensor in a vertical scanning direction of the element as the first shutter member rotates. A rotary shutter device characterized in that the scanning of the element is completed between two consecutive exposures by the aperture. (2) The rotary shutter device according to claim 1, wherein the solid-state image sensor is a MOS image sensor. (3) The rotating means rotates the M by the edge of the opening.
The first and second shutter members are configured to synchronize the timing of the start of blocking the light incident on the light receiving surface of the OS type image sensor and the start timing of horizontal scanning of the light receiving surface of the portion where the light incidence is blocked. The rotary shutter device according to claim 2, characterized in that it is means for rotating.