JPS61236359A - Electric retarder for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to electrical "eddy current" retarders.
ers).

In particular, the present invention is intended to be mounted directly on the gear casing of a transmission of a vehicle, such as the casing or gear box of the rear axle of a motor vehicle, and to be cantilevered onto the casing, which is taken into account by a framework in the form of a perforated bell. a retarder comprising an annular inductor stator mounted in the manner of each disc is fixed to one another via a ring of arms forming a ventilation finger by a support ring fixed to the center plate; The center plate is itself connected to the end flange of the universal joint on the axial side opposite to the side on which the minor axis is located.

Furthermore, the invention particularly provides that, in the retarder considered, the annular inductor stator is formed by a ring of an even number of coils supported by transverse flanges of approximately annular shape and having an axis parallel to the axis of the retarder; Each coil has a rotationally cylindrical core made of magnetic material extending through the flange and an electrical wire turn surrounding the core, a different coil being connected to each armature disc. Defining a ring of magnetic poles with opposing and alternating polarities, the different coils being laterally separated from each other only by small gaps necessary to prevent crushing during installation and to allow minimal ventilation. This invention relates to a retarder constructed as follows.

PRIOR ART The advantages of this type of retarder are, in particular, that the considered short axis and the mounting of the retarder on the casing only slightly increase the axial distance between the considered universal joint and these elements. , the retarder is known in that it produces a relatively large retarding torque for a given mass and size.

In known embodiments of these retarders, the number of inductor coils is equal to eight.

The diameter of the outer circle drawn around the different coils and generally approximately equal to the overall width of the retarder is called A, and the diameter of the inner circle inscribed in the coil is generally approximately equal to the diameter of the central hole formed in the stator flange. and let R be the ratio R. This ratio R is greater than 2, generally on the order of 2.15 to 2.20, for the type of retarder considered where the number of coils is equal to 8. be.

Thus, for example, if the "width" or lateral horizontal dimension of the space available for a vehicle retarder, defined by the two side members of a vehicle's undercarriage, is equal to A, then the ring, center plate assembly It is not possible to accommodate a rotor with a large outer diameter C inside the stator of this retarder.

This diameter C, in turn, is directly related to the diameter of the vehicle's transmission shaft and thus to the drive and deceleration torques that can be transmitted by this shaft between the engine and the wheels of the vehicle.

OBJECT AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is, inter alia, to increase the diameter of the considered rotor elements for a given overall width of the retarder and thus to increase the torque transmittable by these elements. be.

For this reason, a value greater than 8 and preferably equal to 10 is given to an even number of coils of a retarder of the type considered, i.e. in particular for this reason the coils are mostly coupled laterally and the flange of the stator The diameter of the central hole formed in the coil is at least equal to the diameter of the circle inscribed in the coil.

Therefore, the ratio R mentioned above is less than 2 and generally 1.8
It is on the order of 5.

The preferred embodiment must further rely on one and/or other of the following configurations. That is, with the coils spaced evenly around the axis of the retarder, the ring formed by these coils is laterally confined on each side of the axis by two vertically stacked coils. , the stator flange is laterally bounded by two vertical sides approximately tangential to said coils, and in the retarder according to the previous paragraph the stator flange has an outer hexagonal shape with rounded corners. having a profile which, in addition to the two vertical sides mentioned above, has four diagonal sides, each one approximately tangential to the top or bottom coil of the ring and the coil adjacent to the bottommost coil. It has sides.

Apart from these main features, the invention encompasses certain other features that are preferably used simultaneously and are explained more clearly below.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are described below, in a non-limiting manner, of course, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG.

In all embodiments, an eddy current retarder with a horizontal or nearly horizontal axis a flange 2 of almost annular shape, arranged so as to form by its ends two annular series of magnetic glue, and supporting a ring of an even number of coils 3 in number 2n;
an inductor stator 1 containing an inductor, and two sheets of ferromagnetic material configured to each run past successive poles of the stator and axially surround the stator, separated by small gaps or air gaps. A contact piece rotor having a disc 4 is provided.

The flange 2 is supported by the casing via a perforated bell-shaped structure (not shown).

The flange 2 is itself perforated at the center by a circular hole 5 of relatively large diameter and at the periphery by 2n smaller holes, each configured to jointly accommodate a core 6. , an electrical wire winding 7 surrounding it
The coil 3 is formed by the following steps.

The core 6 advantageously ends in an enlarged shoe or pole section 8 fixed at its axial end and defining the aforementioned magnetic poles.

The different coils 3 are dimensioned and installed in such a way that they are laterally separated from each other by narrow gaps 1, the width of these gaps on the one hand reducing the risk of mutual crushing of these coils during installation. on the other hand to allow minimal ventilation between these coils, generally ranging from 2 dew to 5 fi.

The diameter A of the outer circle drawn around the coil 3 is approximately equal to the overall width O of the retarder, which is the width of the flange 2, which is approximately limited in its periphery by a reinforcing protective edge 12 which is itself folded back. be done.

The diameter B of the circle drawn inside the coil is approximately equal to the diameter of the hole 5, and is generally slightly smaller than this diameter.

Each of the two discs 4 has a ring of arms 10 forming ventilation fins (a single arm is shown in FIG. 1 for simplicity of drawing).
The two rings 9 have a short axis (not shown) extending from the casing.
around the center plate 110, which is itself fixed to the center plate 110.

Of course, the outer diameter C of the rotor section formed by the ring 9 and the center plate 11 must always be smaller than the diameter B of the circle inscribed inside the coil.

In the known embodiment, the number of coils 3 is equal to 8 (the first
figure).

Therefore, the ratio between diameters A and B is relatively large (i.e., 2
generally between 2.15 and 2.20.

The practical consequence of this situation is that it is impossible to adopt a value for the diameter C larger than C.

Since the diameter E of the transmission shaft of a vehicle and the value of the torque that can be transmitted by it are directly related to this diameter C, for example if the retarder is to be accommodated between two side parts of the vehicle undercarriage. Limitations are encountered that become troubling in certain constructions where dimensions are severely limited due to the spacing that exists between the members.

To overcome this drawback, according to the invention, the even number of coils 3 is given a value greater than 8.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, this number is equal to 10, corresponding to the shape of the ring of 10 magnetic poles facing each rotor disk 4.

Experience has shown that under these conditions it is surprising to obtain braking torques at least as large as the eight coil configuration for a given lateral dimension and given axial length of the retarder. possible in the power manner, while the diameters B, D,
The diameter C therefore increases considerably.

Therefore, for a retarder with 10 coils according to the above, the ratio R is smaller than 2 and is of the order of 1.85, in other words, the diameter C, which is very close to the diameters B, D, is thereby Values greater than 14 are achievable, other things being the same.

In order to reduce the overall width of the retarder as much as possible, the coils of the ring are evenly spaced around the axis mutually symmetrical with respect to the horizontal plane passing through,
Advantageously placed.

Furthermore, the flange 2, or more precisely its folded edge 12, is bounded horizontally by two vertical sides practically tangential to these overlapping coils.

The entire circumference of said flange 2, and thus of the folded edge 12 of the flange, advantageously has an approximately hexagonal shape with rounded corners, the two mentioned vertical sides having four completed by diagonal sides, each of the diagonal sides comprising:
The six sides are connected to each other by rounded sections, on the one hand approximately tangential to the uppermost or lowermost coil 3 and on the other hand approximately tangential to the coil adjacent to said endmost coil.

Also shown are the following numbers: 13, molded integrally with each disc 4, ring 9 and corresponding arm 10 to limit cooling air channels to these arms and the disc; at 14 a ring 9 for accommodating a fixing bolt;
The bore formed at 15 and the extreme flange of the universal joint 16 bolted to the center plate 11 can be seen at 15 .

Purely by way of example, it is possible to generate a braking torque of 170 mkg in cold weather, with a full width of 520 fi, and an 8 in accordance with the present invention.
For retarders with passages from 1 to 10 coils, the diameter B is allowed to increase from 2401 nL to 280 cages, thus the ratio R goes from 2.18 to 1.84, and the windings 7 The outer diameter of the flange 15 is itself reduced from 140 mm to 120 mm, and this change allows the diameter E of the flange 15 to be increased from 180 mm to 220 mm, i.e. 1
In a 70 mkg retarder, it can be said that the universal joint normally specified for a 250 mkg retarder can be adopted.

Whatever embodiment is adopted in accordance with this, a retarder with a structure which is sufficiently free from the drawbacks of the conventional one is finally obtained.

This retarder has many advantages over previously known ones:
In particular, it exhibits the following advantages. That is, the retarder allows the use of larger diameter transmission shafts and universal joints for a given overall width, and the power to weight ratio of the retarder is increased considerably, with an overall power consumption that is not increased. 10% when going from 8 to 10 poles for a given overall width
This is an increase on the order of .

As is clear, and furthermore to be understood from what has already been said, the invention is in no way limited to the modes and embodiments of application specifically contemplated, but on the contrary, it is not limited to all modifications thereof. , in particular the case where the even number of coils is 12.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an end view of a part of a known electrical retarder, FIG. 2 is an end view similar to FIG. 1 of a part of an electrical retarder according to the invention, and FIG. A sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in FIG. 2 is shown. 1... Inductor stator 2... Flange 3... Coil 4
・・・・・・Disc plate 5・・・・・・Circular hole 6
...Core 7-...Electrical wire winding 9...Ring 10...
... Arm 11 ... Center plate A ... Diameter of the outer circle of the coil B ...
Diameter of the inner circle of the coil C...Outer diameter of the center plate
D...Diameter of circular hole X...Horizontal axis

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) comprising an annular inductor stator (1) mounted in a cantilever manner on a gear casing of a vehicle transmission;
The stator has a transverse flange (2) of substantially annular shape.
formed by a ring of even number of coils (3) supported by and having axes parallel to the axis of the retarder, each coil being cylindrical in rotation and made of magnetic material and passing through the flange. a core (6) surrounding said core and electrical wire windings (7) surrounding said core, said different coils being laterally separated from each other only by small gaps (i), said flange is formed with a central hole (5), the diameter (D) of said hole (5) being at least equal to the diameter (B) of the circle inscribed in said coil, and further made of a ferromagnetic material and surrounding said stator. a center plate (4) having two tangent disks (4), both of which are themselves mounted in cantilever manner on a short axis extending from said casing;
11), each of said discs being mutually fixed to a support ring fixed to said center plate by a ring of arms (10) forming ventilation fins, said center plate itself being supported by said short axis. An electrical retarder coupled to an end flange of a universal joint on the axial side opposite to the side on which the coils are disposed and mounted on a gear casing of a vehicle transmission, wherein the even number of said coils is greater than eight. , the coil (3)
Retarder characterized in that the ratio between the diameter (A) of an outer circle drawn around the coil and said diameter (B) of the inner circle inscribed in said coil is less than 2. (2) The retarder of claim 1, wherein the even number of coils is equal to ten. (3) The coils are equally spaced around the axis (X) of the retarder, and the ring formed by these coils is formed by two vertically overlapping coils. laterally bounded on each side of said axis, characterized in that said stator flange (2) is laterally bounded by vertical sides substantially tangential to said coils for two A retarder according to claim 1. (4) the stator flange (2) comprises an outer hexagonal profile with rounded corners, which profile, in addition to the two vertical sides, one of each of the coils adjacent to the endmost coil.
4. A retarder as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that it has four oblique sides substantially tangential to the sides.