JPS61214371A - Battery using polyaniline powder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain several miliamperes of current by using polyaniline powder as positive active material, zinc sulfate solution as electrolyte, and zinc as negative active material. CONSTITUTION:A battery is formed in such a way that, for example, a graphite plate electrode attached with polyaniline powder used for synthesizing of polyaniline is used as a positive electrode, and a zinc plate is used as a negative electrode, and these electrodes are immersed in 150cc of 1 molar ZnSO4 solution serving as electrolyte. Polyaniline powder alone or an electrode obtained by dispersing polyaniline powder together with conductive material such as graphite powder or activated carbon powder into a synthetic film such as polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrine is used as the positive electrode. Thereby, several miliamperes of current can be obtained and the battery is practically useful.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a battery using powdered polyaniline as a conductive polymer.

[Conventional Example] It is well known that electrolytically oxidized polymers (Ill-like, powder-like, pellet-like) such as polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polythiophene or polyaniline exhibit doping and de-doping phenomena.

Research is currently underway to manufacture new batteries using these materials as positive or negative active materials for batteries. Particularly in recent years, research has been carried out on the use of polyaniline as a positive or negative electrode active material. 1) Secondary battery using polyaniline, polyaniline produced on a platinum plate by repeating potential scanning between -0.2 and 0.8 V in a 10.1 mole H2S04 aqueous solution of 0.1 mole aniline. A battery with a membrane as the positive electrode active material, zinc as the negative electrode, and a 1 molar zinc sulfate aqueous solution as the electrolyte was assembled, and the characteristics were tested. At present, it has not been possible to obtain a current value that is suitable for use.

[Summary of the present invention] However, the present invention provides a bonyaniline battery that draws a current value of several milliamperes, and specifically, the present invention provides a bonianiline battery that extracts a current value of several mA. The present invention provides a polyaniline battery made of the substance zinc.

[Example] First, the synthesis of powder polyaniline will be described.
A graphite plate electrode was immersed as a positive electrode and a negative electrode in 1β in an aqueous solution of mol H2SO4 and O91 mol C&H5NHZ (aniline), and the voltage was 0.9V (v s
＠5CE) for 24 hours to obtain powdered polyaniline by constant potential electrolysis. child. At 2v, the precipitation rate of polyaniline is different. Below 0.7V, the precipitation rate slows down rapidly and only a small amount of precipitate is generated.
At 1°3V, more hydrogen is generated from the negative electrode, and the product becomes slightly black.

Next, a battery using powdered polyaniline as a positive electrode active material will be described. A 9 cm" graphite plate electrode with powdered polyaniline attached to it, which was used when synthesizing powdered polyaniline, was used as the positive electrode, a zinc plate was used as the negative electrode, and 150 cc of a 1 mol Z n S 04 aqueous solution as the electrolyte was used as both electrodes.
A small amount of H2SO4 was added to the Zn5O stagnant solution.
The pH was set to 2. In addition, powdered polyaniline obtained as a precipitate and dried under reduced pressure for 24 hours was mixed with a conductive agent and packed in a cylindrical graphite as a positive electrode, a zinc plate was used as a negative electrode, and both electrodes were placed in 150 cc of a 1 molar Zn5O + aqueous solution as an electrolyte. In this case, the area where the powdered polyaniline is in contact with the electrolyte is about 3 cm2.The battery using the powdered polyaniline according to the present invention is as described above. As shown in Examples 1 and 2, as a positive electrode using powdered polyaniline, powdered polyaniline may be used independently, or a synthetic film of polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, gelatin, etc. may be used together with a conductive agent such as graphite powder or activated return powder. Alternatively, powdered polyaniline can be dissolved in a solvent such as n-methylpyrrolide, N,N-dimethylformamide, or tetrahydrofuran, and applied to a current collector made of copper, stainless steel, graphite, etc. A film formed by repeated drying may be bound to the positive electrode.Furthermore, powdered polyaniline may be dissolved in the above solvent, and a synthetic film solution such as a polyvinyl alcohol solution, a polystyrene solution, or a gelatin solution may be prepared together with the above conductive agent. A positive electrode may be formed by mixing with the above and forming a film.

Next, the charging and discharging characteristics of the battery of the second example will be described. The charging and discharging characteristics of the battery of the first embodiment are shown in FIG. 1. In FIG. 1, the voltage between both electrodes is 2.0 mA/cm2 at a constant current of 1 mA/cm2.
Charge for TI period until it reaches OV, then leave it for T2 period until the voltage between both electrodes drops to 1.5V, and then charge to 1.5V.
After the voltage dropped to 2 mA, it was discharged at a constant current of 2 mA. The charging and discharging characteristics of the battery of the second example are shown in Fig. 2. In Fig. 2, the voltage between both electrodes is 2) lV at a constant current of 2 mA/cm2.
Charge for 11 periods 1■ until the voltage between both electrodes becomes 1.
．． The battery was left to stand for a T2 period until the voltage reached 5V, and after dropping to t and SV, it was discharged at a constant current of 10mA.

"Effect 1 As stated above, in the present invention, a polyaniline battery is constructed using powdered polyaniline as a positive electrode active material, zinc sulfate aqueous solution as an electrolyte, and zinc as a negative electrode active material, so that a current of &mA can be extracted. It is practical and useful to be able to do this.In addition, in the above, 2
Although described as a secondary battery, it can also be used as a primary battery. It is also possible to use a lithium electrode as a negative electrode using an organic solvent electrolyte.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a charging/discharging characteristic diagram of a battery according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a charging/discharging characteristic diagram of a battery according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A battery using powdered polyaniline consisting of powdered polyaniline as a positive electrode active material, a zinc sulfate aqueous solution as an electrolyte, and zinc as a negative electrode active material. (2) In claim (1), a battery using powdered polyaniline characterized in that the positive electrode is graphite supporting powdered polyaniline. (3) In claim (1), powdered polyaniline is independently , or a battery using powdered polyaniline, characterized in that the positive electrode is a material dispersed in a synthetic film together with a conductive agent. (4) A battery using powdered polyaniline according to claim (1), characterized in that the positive electrode is a film formed by dissolving the powdered polyaniline in a solvent and coating it on a current collector. (5) A battery using powdered polyaniline according to claim (1), characterized in that the powdered polyaniline is dissolved in a solvent, mixed with a synthetic membrane solution together with a conductive agent, and a film formed by forming a film is used as a positive electrode.