JPS6116109B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a compact calculator capable of displaying calculation formulas input through key input operations using general formulas represented by characters, symbols, etc. Generally, when performing the same type of calculation repeatedly while changing numerical data using the same calculation formula, unless the calculator used is a small electronic calculator with a program, the calculation formula must be re-entered from the beginning many times. It was time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inconvenient. In addition, if it is a small electronic calculator with a program, the above-mentioned problems will not occur, but in order to realize the program function, a complicated control means is required, and the program function cannot be used when other program functions are not used. It is very wasteful to have this. On the other hand, the present applicant has previously proposed a small electronic calculator in which the calculation status is displayed by a general formula represented by characters, symbols, etc. for the calculation formula input by key input operation. That is, in this calculator, for example, if the calculation formula is 2+3×(4×((123+...), this calculation formula is displayed as a general formula expressed as A+B In other words, the numerical data and function data in the calculation formula that are input with each key input operation are converted into corresponding characters, symbols, etc., and the display of the calculation status corresponds to the calculation formula. This invention is made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, as it is easy to check how far the keys have been pressed, especially when using a long calculation formula. With something that
In a small electronic calculator equipped with a general formula display function, the contents of the general formula can be locked and different numerical values can be entered for the variables in this general formula, thereby eliminating the need for a program function. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a small electronic calculator that can perform repeated calculations using the same formula. Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 in the figure is a ROM (read only memory), and this ROM 1 stores a microprogram that controls the overall operation of the small electronic calculator.
Further, according to the address data AD ₁ output from the ROM address section 2, micro instructions AD _{2 ,} CO,
Outputs INS and NA in parallel. The microinstruction AD ₂ is address data that specifies the row and column of various registers in the RAM (random access memory) 3, which will be described later. Writing and reading of data is executed. The microinstruction CO is numerical data given to the input terminal d of the arithmetic circuit 7. The microinstruction INS is instruction data output to the instruction decoder 4, and is decoded by the instruction decoder 4 to generate various instruction signals, such as read/write signals R/W,
Display command signal D etc. are generated. Please, the above lead/
The write signal R/W is given to the RAM 3, and the display command signal D is given to the display controller 9. Furthermore, the microinstruction NA is data specifying the next address where the next microinstruction to be outputted from the ROM address section 2 is stored, and is outputted to the address buffer 5. The address buffer 5 receives the output of the OR gate 6 and the judgment result signal j output from the arithmetic circuit 7, which will be described later. The result signal j is OR-added and the output is given to the ROM address section 2. The RAM 3 is provided with X, Y, Z, and, for example, registers A to J, as well as display buffer registers (registers E to J are not shown), and the X register. is a register provided for storing numeric data and display data. Further, the Y register and the Z register are registers for calculation. Furthermore, the 10 registers A to J are protection registers for previous key operations. On the other hand, the first digit of each register is used for storing the parenthesis level, and this first digit is indicated by the symbol K. Further, the second digit of each register is used to store a calculation flag, and is indicated by the symbol F. Further, the third and subsequent digits of each register are for storing numerical data and are indicated by the symbol VT. To explain the parenthesis level here, this parenthesis level is incremented by +1 when the open parenthesis key □ is operated, and -1 when the close parenthesis key □ is operated. Further, the codes set for the function keys □+, □-, □×, □÷, etc. are written in the calculation flags. The arithmetic circuit 7 inputs the data read from the register of the RAM 3 and the data input from the key input section 8, and executes normal arithmetic operations such as four arithmetic operations.
The operation result data is input to a designated register in RAM3. The arithmetic circuit 7 also performs various judgment operations as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3, and furthermore, during a key sampling operation, judgment operations such as determining the type of key from the key operation signal input from the key input section 8. Perform various judgment operations. The judgment result signal j output at this time is given to the address buffer 5 as described above.
The details of this arithmetic circuit 7 will be explained with reference to FIG. The key input section 8 includes a numeric keypad TK, various function keys FK, variable keys □A to □J, and a recall key.

[Formula] Store key

[Formula] etc. are provided. Ru. Then the recall key

[Formula] is a key and store key to call up and display the numerical data corresponding to the character symbol of the general formula being displayed.

[Formula] is a key for inputting other numerical data in place of the numerical data (hereinafter referred to as variable) corresponding to the character symbol of the general formula being displayed. recall key

The output of [Formula] is input to the above OR gate 6 and also to the set input terminal S of the SR type flip-flop 11 (hereinafter abbreviated as FF11), and the set output of FF11 is input to the arithmetic circuit 7 via the AND gate 12. It is input to terminal b. On the other hand, the store key

The output of [Equation] is input to the OR gate 6 and to the set input terminal S of the SR flip-flop 13 (hereinafter abbreviated as FF13), and the set output of FF13 is input to the arithmetic circuit 7 via the AND gate 14.
is input to input terminal C of. Furthermore, variable key □A
The outputs of ~□J are input to the OR gate 6 as well as to the AND gates 12 and 14, and are used as gate opening/closing control signals. Also numeric keypad
The outputs of TK and function key FK are input to the OR gate 6 as well as to the input terminal e of the arithmetic circuit 7. The display controller 9 consists of a numerical decoder section 9A and a general expression decoder section 9B, and numerical data from the key input section 8, calculation result data from the arithmetic circuit 7, etc. are input to the numerical decoder section 9A via the X register. . On the other hand, the general expression data input from the display buffer is input to the general expression decoder section 9B. When the display command signal D is input, the numerical decoder section 9A and the general formula decoder section 9B decode the numerical data or the general formula data and output the decoded data to the display section 10 for display. On the other hand, the display section 10 includes a general display section (not shown).
Numerical display units (not shown) are provided for each, and a display system based on a dot matrix structure is adopted. The general formula display section displays the calculation state at the time of execution of the calculation as a general formula, and at the same time, the numerical display section displays the calculation state as numerical data. In this case, the general formula for this example is:
For example, A+B×[C+D]= Alphabets A, B, C, D, etc.
..., displayed by the symbols +, -, ×, ÷, [,], =, ....... Therefore, the above alpha bets A, B,
C, D, ...... are respectively associated with the numerical data (variables) in the input order, and the symbols +, -, ×, ÷, [,], =, ...... respectively, addition,
It shows the following function data: subtraction, multiplication, division, opening parenthesis, closing parenthesis, equals, etc. Next, the configuration of the arithmetic circuit 7 will be explained with reference to FIG. The data of the operand and the operand sent from the RAM 3 are input to the input terminal a, and the operand is latched in the latch 15 and then sent to the gate circuit _G1.
to the adder 16 via. On the other hand, the arithmetic number is latched in latch 17, and then the gate circuit
Provided to adder 16 via _G2 . Further, numerical data based on the microinstruction CO inputted from the input terminal d is also inputted to the adder 16 as an arithmetic number via the gate circuit _G3 as necessary. The adder 16 then executes normal operations such as the above-mentioned four arithmetic operations and judgment operations on both input data according to the contents of both input data. The data of the operation result obtained during the normal operation is input to the specified register of the RAM ₃ via the gate circuit G4. on the other hand,
The data and carry obtained during judgment calculation are encoded in the gate circuit 18 and then sent to the gate circuit 18.
It is sent to the address buffer 5 as the signal j via _G6 . The arithmetic circuit 7 is further provided with a key determination circuit 19, which determines the content of each of the above-mentioned signals inputted from input terminals b, c, and e, and determines the type of operation key.
The key code data obtained as a result is sent to the designated register of RAM3 via the gate circuit _G5 , and on the other hand, in the case of the judgment result signal j, the key code data is sent to the designated register of RAM3 via the gate circuit G5.
It is sent to address buffer 5 via _G7 . Note that the arrows shown at the latches 15 and 17 in the figure are data read control signals output from the instruction decoder 4. Further, the arrows shown in the gate circuits G ₁ to _{G 7} are gate opening/closing control signals output from the instruction decoder 4, and the adder 16 and key judgment circuit 19 receive calculation commands and key judgment commands, respectively. . Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. In this case, the following calculation formula is used as a calculation example, and the second numerical data "456",
An example in which the third numerical data "789" is changed to other numerical data and the same type of calculation is repeated will be explained. Calculation formula: 123 + 456 x (789 + 912) = When you turn on the power switch to start calculations, the calculator repeatedly performs key sampling processing and display processing until a key operation is performed (3rd
Figure, treatment S ₁ ). As is well known, when the power is turned on, each circuit is automatically set to an initial state. Next, when the keys □1, □2, and □3 are operated in sequence, this key operation is detected by the key sampling process in process _S1 , and the process proceeds to process _S2 , where a key determination process is executed. As a result, X
Number data "123" is input to the third digit of the register, and data "123" is displayed on the numerical display section (not shown) (processing S ₃ ). Next, when you press the key □+, this key is a function key, so it will be processed.
The process proceeds to process S ₄ via S ₁ and S ₂ , and a function process is executed. Therefore, data "123" in the X register is transferred to the A register, and a code (function data) of the symbol "+" is written in the second digit (AF) of the A register. Further, general formula data "A+" is stored in the display buffer in RAM3. FIG. 4a shows the storage state of the RAM 3 at this point. However, the illustration of the F to J registers is omitted. Further, at this point, the data "123" is displayed on the numerical display section, while "A+" is displayed on the general formula display section (not shown). Next, processes S ₅ to _{S 11} shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3 are sequentially executed. Here, to briefly explain _the above-mentioned processes _S5 to _S11 , the first digit ( _AK ), second digit ( _AF ), and 3rd digit _of the A register are
The contents of the digits and above (A _VT ) are determined, and the corresponding display preparation operation is executed. That is, in process _S5 , A
It is determined whether the data of _K is "0" or not, that is, the size of the parenthesis level. If A _K = "0", the process advances to step S ₇ ; on the other hand, if A _K ≠ "0", the symbol "[" or "]" is sent to the display buffer to prepare for parenthesis display. It will be done. In addition, in process _S7 , the presence or absence of data in _AVT is determined, and if _AVT ="0", the process proceeds to process _S9 ; on the other hand, if _AVT ≠"0", the character symbol "A" is displayed in the buffer. The character symbol "A" is then prepared for display. Furthermore, in processing S ₉ A _F
The content of is determined, and if A _F = “0”, processing S ₁₁
On the other hand, if A _F ≠ "0", the function symbol corresponding to the data in A _F , i.e. "+",
"-", "x", "÷", etc. are sent to the display buffer to prepare for displaying the function symbol. In process _S1 , the same process as that for the A register described above is also executed for the B to J registers, and display preparations are made according to the contents of each register, so that the general expression display is created in the display buffer. data is created. Following the above key operation, when keys □4, □5, and □6 are operated in sequence, data "456" is written to _XVT . Next, when the key □× is operated, a process similar to the above processes S ₄ to _{S 10} is executed for the B register in process S ₁₁ , data "456" is transferred from the X _VT to the B _VT ,
Also, function data "x" is written to B _F. Also, the general formula data in the display buffer is “A”.
+Bx'', and the data ``456'' is thereby displayed on the numerical display section, and the general formula data ``A+Bx'' is displayed on the general formula display section. Next, by operating the open bracket key □[, keys □7, □8, □9, and then the key □+ in sequence, the bracket level "1" is written to the first digit (C _F ) of the C register, and then X
After data "789" is written to _VT , when the key □+ is operated, data "789" in X _VT is transferred to C _VT and function data with symbol "+" is written to C _F. It can be done. Also, at this time, the general formula data in the display buffer is "A+B+(C+"). FIG. 4b shows the storage state of the RAM 3 at this point. 789", and the general formula "A+B" is displayed in the general formula display section.
×(C+) is displayed respectively.Next, after entering "912", press the closing bracket key □], and the _DVT of the D register will contain the data "912".
However, -1 is also written to D _K. Finally, when the equal key □= is operated, arithmetic processing _S12 using the data in registers A to D is executed. This calculation is performed by a completely mathematical calculation system as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-67734. However, in order to retain the contents of the A to D registers without destroying them, the work area in the RAM 3 is used for the calculation. The calculation result data "775779" is input to the _XVT . Further, general formula data "A+B×[C+D]=" is stored in the display buffer. FIG. 4c shows the storage state of the RAM 3 at the time when the calculation of the above formula is completed and the answer is obtained. Also, the answer "775779" is displayed in the numerical display section.
is displayed, and on the other hand, the general formula “A” is displayed in the general formula display section.
+B×[C+D]=” is being displayed. In other words, instead of sequentially performing calculations according to the calculation priority in the calculation formula, all calculations are executed when the equal key □= is operated, and the contents of registers A to D in RAM3 and the display buffer are The contents remain intact. Therefore, the general formula "A+B×[C+D]=" is locked, and by inputting arbitrary data into variables A to D and operating the equal key □=, you can change the same general formula with different data. It allows repeated calculations. Here, the operation when inputting "5" to variable B and "10000" to variable C and executing the calculation formula "123+5×(10000+912)=" will be described. First, operate the key □5 to set the data "5" in X _VT , then press the store key

[Formula] Operate key □B in sequence. At this time, data "5" in X _VT is changed to B _VT by processing _S13 .
The previous data "456" is cleared and data "5" is written to _BVT . FIG. 4d shows the storage state of the RAM 3 at this point, and the changed input data "5" is displayed on the numerical display section. At this time, the general formula remains displayed on the general formula display section. On the other hand, the previous data "789" in the C register is called up and displayed on the numerical display section, so that after visually confirming the previous data "789" for variable C, when inputting the current changed data "10000", First, press the recall key.

Operate [Formula], then operate key □C. At this time, data "789" in _CVT is called and transferred to _XVT by process _S14 . Therefore, the last data called "789" is displayed on the numerical display section. At this time too,
The above general formula remains displayed on the general formula display section. FIG. 4e shows the storage state of the RAM 3 at this point. Next, in order to input the change data "10000" to the C register, enter "10000" and then press the store key.

[Formula] Operate the key □C in sequence. As a result, first the data "10000" is input to the X _VT , and the data "10000" is displayed in place of the previous data "789" on the numerical display section (processing S ₃ ), and then _the data in the X _VT is Data "10000" is transferred to _CVT . FIG. 4f shows the state in RAM 3 at this point, and of course the general formula remains locked. Next, when the equal key □= is operated to execute the above calculation formula, the calculation according to the above change data is executed in the arithmetic processing S ₁₂ , and the answer "54683" is calculated and written to X _VT and the numerical value It is also displayed on the display. FIG. 4g shows the storage state of the RAM 3 at this time. Further, the above-mentioned general formula is displayed in the general formula display section while being locked. In the same way, the display state of the created general formula is locked for the first calculation formula entered and the calculation is executed, and the numerical data in the calculation formula corresponding to the variables in the general formula are locked. It is possible to repeatedly perform the same type of calculation while changing variously. In this case, since the display state of the general formula is locked, each data in A _F to J _E and each data in A _K to J _K do not change at all during this lock. The order of operations for the formula and its type are fixedly stored, and storage areas A _VT to J corresponding to the variables in the general formula, ie, A to J, are stored in a fixed manner.
_VT is also fixed; in other words, storage area A _VT ~ J _VT and variable A ~ for variables A ~ J in the general formula
This means that each J has its corresponding relationship maintained.
Thus, if the numerical data in the calculation formula corresponding to variables A to J is changed, only the data in the storage areas (A _VT to J _VT ) corresponding to this numerical data is rewritten. As mentioned above, the general formula “A+B×[O+D]
Perform various iterative calculations on ``=", and
To end this repeated calculation and start calculation for another general formula, operate the all clear key AC. Then, the key operation of this key AC will be processed.
Detected by S ₂ , clearing process S ₁₅ is executed,
The data in the A to J registers including the X register are cleared, or the general formula data in the display buffer is cleared (processing _S16 ), and the initial state setting process for each circuit is executed. Therefore, data "0" is displayed on the numerical display section, while nothing is displayed on the general formula display section. However, in the above example, the variable input is the store key.
This was done using STO and the variable keys □A to □J, but the invention is not limited to this. Only one type of variable key (for example, □H) can be provided and the variables can be changed by □H□1, □H□2...... You may use other methods, such as specifying . As explained above, the present invention provides a small electronic calculator that can display input calculation formulas as general formulas represented by characters, symbols, etc. through key input operations, once a predetermined calculation formula is displayed. It is possible to lock the contents of the general formula obtained after all inputs are made, and to input different numerical data for any of the variables in this general formula (i.e., those corresponding to the numerical data in the calculation formula). Since we have provided a small electronic calculator with a general formula lock function that allows input, the same type of calculation can be easily repeated using the same locked general formula, and the key operation is extremely simple, which is an advantage. be.
Further, according to the present invention, even a computer without a program calculation function can perform repeated calculations similar to a computer with a program calculation function, which is extremely effective.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a detailed circuit diagram of the arithmetic circuit 7, FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the operation of displaying the arithmetic state, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the storage state of the RAM 3 when the above arithmetic operation is executed. 1...ROM, 3...RAM, 4...instruction decoder, 7...arithmetic circuit, 8...key input section, 9...display controller, 9A...numerical decoder, 9B...general formula decoder, 10...Display unit, 16...Adder, 19...Key judgment circuit,
TK...numeric keypad, FK...function key, A~J...variable key, RCL...recall key, STO...store key.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a small electronic calculator in which a calculation formula entered by key input operation is displayed as a general formula using characters, symbols, etc. to represent the type of calculation included in the calculation formula and the calculation mode such as the order of calculations. , a general formula lock means for fixedly storing the operation order and type of the above general formula, and fixedly securing a storage area for the variables in the general formula; It is equipped with a general formula locking function characterized in that it is equipped with a means for inputting numerical data for any variable in the general formula, and allows the same type of calculation to be repeated for different numerical data in the same general formula. A small electronic calculator.