JPS6115781B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to casting, and more particularly to an apparatus for manufacturing casting cores from fluidized sand that is press-fitted into a heated core tray.

The present invention is applicable to sanitary construction, machine manufacturing industry, electrical construction,
It can be used in automobile manufacturing plants or in various mass production or large scale manufacturing industries.

The method and apparatus developed in the Soviet Union for producing foundry cores by forcing fluidized sand into heated core pans is now gaining increasing acceptance. These improvements provide a means to obtain a unitary core with natural internal channels for ideal gas exclusion during casting.

A device for producing cores from fluidized sand is known (German Patent No. 2239057, C1, B22C).
~/Ten).

The apparatus comprises a sand preparation machine including a continuously operating mixer and a device for feeding the raw sand components into it, a batching chamber, a damper with an expandable conical nozzle actuated by a compressed air cylinder, and a plunger. The press cylinder has a final press cylinder, an elevator, and a lifting table.

This device operates as follows.

Fluidized sand is fed into the batching chamber from the mixer, after which the mixer opening is closed off by a special gate. The damper is operated by a compressed air cylinder.
The conical nozzle on this damper is moved to a position where it is aligned with the batching chamber. The diameter of the upper end of the conical nozzle corresponds to the diameter of the batching chamber, and the diameter of the lower end of the conical nozzle corresponds to the diameter of the introduction orifice of the core taker. The heated core is pressed onto the nozzle by a lifting table, where the nozzle is compressed. The press piston is then lowered by the press cylinder to force the sand into the core taker. After this press-in, the final pressing of the sand is carried out by means of a final press cylinder. Since the diameter of the final press cylinder is slightly smaller than the diameter of the introduction orifice of the core taker, this cylinder can penetrate inside the conical nozzle.
After the core tray is sealed, it is sent to the drying section, and a new core tray is placed on the table. The damper is moved to its initial position, the nozzle flaps are separated from each other, and the remaining sand falls onto the elevator, by which it is returned to the mixer.

The press cylinder and the final press cylinder raise their respective plungers to their initial positions, a special gate opens the mixer opening, and sand once again fills the batching chamber.

Since, as a rule, the diameter of the batching chamber is several times larger than the diameter of the introduction orifice of the core taker, it is necessary to significantly increase the height of the conical nozzle and thus its volume. The sand remaining in the nozzle has lost its processing properties and can no longer be used for filling other cores and must be removed before the next blessing cycle. Sand that loses its fluidity when compacted will stick to the nozzle wall, so unless special cleaning devices are used,
Removal of this is impossible.

The nozzle of this device consists of two sliding parts actuated by a cylinder, and although it is complex in design, it still does not allow effective removal of sand from the nozzle. Furthermore, if some of the sand adheres to the partition surface, the nozzle cannot be strongly contracted. This includes the risk of "sand leakage". Firstly, the sand remaining in the nozzle makes it difficult to fill the core taker with a fresh sand portion, and secondly, it falls into the core taker in clumps, impairing the quality of the core.

The elevator used in the known device to return unused sand to the mixer only complicates the device and cannot perform its function satisfactorily. The reason for this is that the sand has a high viscosity so that the elevator becomes "blocked" and becomes inoperable in a short period of time.

The guide member inside which the gate slides becomes blocked with sand when the gate is in its uppermost position, so that the closing of the mixer opening and the partitioning of the batching chamber from the mixer cannot be reliably carried out.

Another drawback of this type of device is the sliding damper to which the nozzle is fixed. When sand is forced into the core taker through an introduction orifice with a cross-sectional area that is a fraction of the cross-sectional area of the batching chamber, the internal pressure of the batching chamber increases, and the gap between the batching chamber and the damper, etc. Push the sand out of the gaps.
Also, when the damper with the nozzle slides into its operating position, sand coming from the batching chamber penetrates into these gaps. Sand that closes the gaps hardens rapidly in air, and the radiant heat from the heated core accelerates the hardening process. As a result, the damper often becomes clogged and the machine must be stopped in order to scrape off sand stuck to the surface.

Moreover, the final pressing step in this known device does not have any beneficial effects, and not only complicates the design of the device and reduces its efficiency, but also over-compacts the core matrix and Preventing the formation of internal voids and communication with the atmosphere through the ventilation wire.

Another disadvantage of this device is that it allows the weighing of granular sand over a wide range (adjusting the volume of the batching chamber) and the production of cores with widely different weights (by twice or more) without recombination. They do not have the means to do so.

The lack of sand weighing makes it impossible to produce a high-quality core of a specific mass, to stabilize the core weight and the size of the natural guide groove, and to reduce or prevent sand wastage.

The lack of sand weighing also limits the processability of the device and the range of cores (weight range) that can be produced by the device.

Changing equipment from producing one type of core to another requires reconfiguration. This reassembly work involves replacing subassemblies of the equipment (batching chamber, press plunger, etc.),
It consists of replacing the entire core, which requires a long time. Since it is not possible to manufacture cores of different weights with the same equipment, it is necessary to greatly increase the number of core takers used.

It is therefore an object of the invention to obviate the above-mentioned drawbacks of prior art devices.

The present invention improves operational reliability and efficiency in an apparatus for producing cores from fluidized sand that is press-fitted into a heated core tray, and improves the weight of the core and the size of the naturally formed guide grooves. Stabilizes the core (weight)
Equipment designed to increase range, reduce the number of cores required, allow simultaneous production of cores of different weights, effectively clean batching chambers and nozzles, and eliminate sand waste. It is intended to provide.

An apparatus for producing manufacturing cores from fluidized sand, which has a support frame equipped with a mixer and an actuator for a batching chamber drive mechanism that accommodates a press and a press plunger, as well as a built-in gate and a gate cylinder, and are interconnected. according to the invention, comprising a cylindrical nozzle fixed to the lower end of said batching chamber;
The actuator of the press and batching chamber drive mechanism has a double-acting cylinder, the inner ram of which is rigidly connected to the press plunger, and the outer ram of which is rigidly connected to the batching chamber. , the batching chamber consists of interconnected parts with grooves in the joints, said grooves comprising:
The above object is achieved in a device adapted to receive an additional gate with an opening actuated by an independent actuator.

A position adjusting device for the press plunger is mounted on the internal ram, and a position adjusting device for the batching chamber is provided at the upper end of the actuator of the press and batching chamber drive mechanism, and the upper part of the batching chamber is mounted on the press plunger. It is desirable to have a built-in opening for contacting the press plunger positioning device.

According to the invention, the fluidized sand is fed from the mixer into a batching chamber, the effective volume of which is determined by the position of the gate and the regulating device. If the operation of the device requires the maximum possible volume of the batching chamber, the upper gate is always open. Also, if a smaller batching volume is required, the lower gate is always open.

When the actuator of the press mechanism makes a first stroke, the external ram is lowered so that the batching chamber securely closes off the outlet of the mixer and is crimped via the nozzle to the core catcher, thereby closing the batching chamber. The sand inside is insulated from the sand inside the mixer. Next, the axis of the opening of the gate being operated in that cycle is moved to coincide with the axis of the batching chamber. When the actuator of the press mechanism performs a second stroke, it drives the internal ram downwardly together with the press plunger, forcing sand from the batching chamber into the core taker and completely removing sand from the batching chamber and the nozzle. There, the batching chamber and the press plunger are raised to their initial position, the core tray is sealed and removed from the press, and the active gate closes off the batching chamber, which is then filled with fresh sand through the mixer opening. Ru.
If processing conditions require this, the corresponding gates are activated when switching the device from one type of core to another from the control desk. When producing cores of different weights at the same time, the corresponding gates are automatically activated in the following manner. The core taker for producing small weight cores is actuated by its differential pin in a pick-up manner, which makes use of the upper gate for its operating cycle, where a small amount of sand is deposited inside the batching chamber. is accumulated. If large cores are to be manufactured,
The corresponding core taker acts by means of its operating pin on the corresponding pick-up, which utilizes the lower gate for the corresponding operating cycle, in which case a large quantity of sand is introduced into the batching chamber.

If no sand accumulates inside the batching chamber, the batching chamber remains in its lower position and the mixer opening remains closed.

By adjusting the device mounted on the internal ram and the device mounted on the upper end of the batching chamber drive/press actuator, the effective volume of the batching chamber can be finely adjusted. Regarding the large effective volume of the batching chamber, in addition to the adjustment method described above, the height of the lower gate is appropriately set (by appropriately selecting the thickness of the nozzle element), and the nozzle above the batching chamber and the lower gate is It is possible to adjust the batching chamber volume so that the total volume of the parts matches the required conditions.

The device according to the present invention has improved operational reliability, simple structure, high productivity, stabilizes the weight of the core and the size of its internal guide groove to the maximum extent possible, and can significantly increase the weight without changing the device. It is possible to manufacture multiple cores with different values, to produce a variety of cores in a single simultaneous automated manufacturing flow, and finally to greatly reduce the number of core takers required. It is.

Precise adjustment of the effective volume of the batching chamber completely eliminates waste of sand material and also promotes self-cleaning of the batching chamber/nozzle system during the pressing process.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

Support frame 1 of the device according to the invention (FIG. 1)
is equipped with a mixer 2 and an actuator 3 of a mechanism for pressing and moving the batching chamber with an external ram 4 and an internal ram 5. The outer ram 4 carries a batching chamber 6, and the ram 5 carries a press plunger 7 mounted in the batching chamber 6. The batching chamber 6 has an upper part 8 and a lower part 9 which are connected to each other, and an opening 11 is provided between the upper part and the lower part, and an additional gate 10 is operated by a cylinder 12.
is stored. The nozzle 13 is connected to the cylinder 15
It consists of a bundle of interconnected elements with a built-in gate 14 operated by the batching chamber 6 and is mounted to the lower part of the batching chamber 6.

The mixer 2 has an outlet 16 and a bracket 17, which is always adjacent to the opening 18 of the batching chamber 6. The bearing frame 1 receives a cage 19 with rollers 20 which serve as guides for the batching chamber. The position of the press plunger 7 on the internal ram 5 is determined by the device 21
The position of the batching chamber 6 is adjusted by a device 23 on the head 22 of the actuator 3. Device 21 can be accessed through opening 24 . Sand is press-fitted through the orifice 25 of the core taker 26, which is inserted into the pick-up 29 or 3, respectively.
It is equipped with a differential pin 27 or 28 that acts on zero.

This device operates as follows.

The fluidized sand enters the batching chamber 6 through the outlet 16 of the mixer 2 and the opening 18 of the batching chamber. The effective volume of this fluidized sand is the gate 10, 14
as well as the position of the adjustment devices 21, 23.

If a large volume of the batching chamber is desired for the operation of the apparatus, the gate 10 is fixed at a position where the axis of its opening coincides with the axis of the batching chamber 6. Further, by setting the gate 14 at an appropriate height (by selecting the thickness of the nozzle element appropriately), the volume can be adjusted to a large extent, and in this way, the volume of the batching chamber can be adjusted The total volume of the nozzle 13 and the part of the nozzle 13 above the gate 14 is adapted to the required conditions.

If a smaller volume of the batching chamber 6 is desired for the operation of the apparatus, the opening of the gate 14 remains aligned with the axis of the batching chamber 6 and the adjustment is made by the devices 21 and 23 separately from the initial adjustment by the gate. Minor adjustments will be made.

When the actuator 3 of this press mechanism performs the first stroke, the ram 4 descends and the batching chamber 6
blocks the opening 16 of the mixer 2, and the nozzle 13 of the batching chamber 6 is pressed against the core taker 26.
In that case, the sand inside the batching chamber 6 is transferred to the mixer 2.
isolated from the sand inside. The currently active gate is moved by its cylinder to a position where the axis of its opening coincides with the axis of the batching chamber bore. When the actuator 3 of the press mechanism performs the second stroke, the ram 5 descends together with the press plunger 7 and forces the sand from inside the batching chamber 6 through the orifice 25 and into the core taker 25. Next, the batching chamber 6 and press plunger 7
rises to the initial position, the core taker 26 is sealed,
Although removed from the press position, the active gate closes off the batching chamber, which is filled with a fresh portion of sand through the opening 18. If the supply of sand to the batching chamber 6 is to be cut off, the batching chamber 6 remains in the lowest position on command from the control desk, so the opening 16 of the mixer 2 remains closed and the automatic operation of the device is disabled. uninterrupted.

When process needs change from producing one type of core to another, the corresponding gates are activated from the control desk.

If cores of different weights are produced simultaneously in this device, the corresponding gates are automatically activated as follows. The core taker for producing cores of small weight acts by means of its actuating pin 27 on the pick-up 29 and starts a predetermined operating cycle of the gate 10, in which case a small volume of sand enters the batching chamber. 6.

If a large weight of cores is required, the core taker acts by its differential pin 28 on the pick-up 30 to actuate the gate 14 corresponding to that cycle, where a large volume of sand is dumped into the batching chamber 6. sent inside.

Since the large and small volumes of the batching chamber are precisely and individually adjusted, the entire amount of sand is discharged into the core tray, and the press plunger 7 closes the batching chamber-nozzle system during its stroke. This is cleaned after each cycle.

The above-mentioned equipment has a high production output, produces cores of good quality, is simple in design, can produce cores of widely different weights without recombining parts, and can produce various types from a single production flow. It is possible to manufacture cores of

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The attached figure is a longitudinal sectional view along the axis of the casting core manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention. 4... External ram, 5... Internal ram, 6... Batching chamber, 7... Press plunger, 8, 9...
Upper and lower parts of the batching chamber, 10...additional gate, 11...opening, 21...device for adjusting the position of the press plunger, 22...head, 23...
Device for adjusting the position of the batching chamber, 24...opening.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A support frame equipped with a mixer and an actuator for a batching chamber drive mechanism that accommodates a press and a press plunger, and is fixed to the lower part of the batching chamber, and also includes a built-in gate and a gate cylinder. In an apparatus for producing casting cores from fluidized sand comprising a cylindrical nozzle consisting of a bundle of interconnected elements, the actuator 3 of the mechanism for driving the press and batching chamber 6 has a double-acting cylinder; The internal ram 5 of this double-acting cylinder is rigidly connected to the press plunger 7, and the external ram 4 is rigidly connected to the batching chamber 6, which consists of interconnected parts 8, 9, these two being rigidly connected. The connection of the components is provided with a horizontal groove, which groove has an additional gate 1 with an opening 11.
1. An apparatus for manufacturing a casting core, characterized in that the additional gate 10 is operated by a separate actuator. 2. the inner ram 5 carries a device 21 for adjusting the position of the press plunger, and the upper end 22 of the actuator 3 of the mechanism for driving the press and batching chamber 6 is provided with a device 23 for adjusting the position of the batching chamber 6; Upper part 8 of the batching chamber 6
2. The casting core manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an opening 24 for accessing the position adjustment device 21 of the press plunger 7.