JPS6114038A - Underfloor structure type forging press - Google Patents

Abstract

In a forging press of underfloor construction, the vertically travelling frame has a lower crosshead which fits around and is guided on a hollow guide shaft which projects downwards from the table crosshead or platten of the press. The hollow guide shaft serves also as the working cylinder of the press. A working plunger piston which is slidable in the cylinder is coupled to the lower travelling crosshead of the press frame through spherical jointing to eliminate transverse forces on the piston.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The invention is a forging press in the form of an underfloor structure with a running frame, which combines a stationary table beam with upper and lower running beams and these running beams. It relates to a type of frame consisting of columns, a so-called running frame.

For conventional technical working processes, at least one piston-cylinder unit is provided which acts between the table beam and the lower upright beam, while at least one piston-cylinder unit is provided for pulling back.
Two further piston-cylinder units are arranged to work between the table beam and the upper traveling beam. In order to reduce the bending stress load caused by eccentric forging resistance from the columns of such forging presses, it is known to provide a guide shaft on the lower surface of the table beam, along which the lower running beam is guided. In this case, the guidance in the lower running beam transfers the moment resulting from the eccentric forging resistance to the guide shaft (Ernst Müller [Hydraulic Presses and Pressurized Fluid Devices] Vol. 1 "Forging Presses", No. 3) (edition, Spring Publishing, 1962, pp. 33-34, fig. 29). Due to the central arrangement of the guide shaft, it is necessary to arrange two piston-cylinder units for the working stroke on either side of the guide shaft. This is because, if only one piston-cylinder unit were to be arranged centrally and coaxially in the extension of the guide shaft, a very large overall height would be required. Furthermore, these requirements result in high construction costs, since relatively large spacings are required between the guide bushes which conduct the moments in the lower running beam onto the guide shaft.

Since the guide shaft is configured as a plunger piston and the lower traveling beam is configured as a side IJ7 beam,
(The above-mentioned disadvantages arise (Magazine "MPT, Metallurgical Plant and Technology" Vol. 2, 1979, pp. 5-14, Fig. 6). In this case, the guide shaft (plunger piston) K
Since no specific guidance is provided, in addition to guiding the traveling beam with a cylinder in a guide shaft configured as a plunger piston, for guiding the column connecting the upper and lower traveling beams in the table beam, A further guide is required at a distance from said first guide. In this case, there are drawbacks to guiding the lower traveling beam using a cylinder in the plunger piston as a guide shaft. This is because the pace bushing and the plug bushing forming the guide member in the cylinder are exposed to significant lateral forces, which cause significant friction. The unavoidable wear caused by friction in the pace and plug bushes leads to damage in the pump and control device via the operating medium.

Yet another disadvantage is that the central hole required to secure the plunger piston within the table beam weakens the table beam or requires special strengthening of the table beam.

1. Problem to be Solved by the Invention The object of the invention is to minimize the construction costs of a forging press of the underfloor construction type with a running frame and at the same time to separate the running frame guide from the working (silanger) piston-cylinder unit.・There are things. To solve this problem, it is combined with a traveling frame and a table beam.

In a forging press of the type of underfloor construction, which has a guide shaft which serves as a guide for the lower running beam, the invention provides that the guide shaft is formed hollow as a cylinder for the working piston; The lower running beam of the running frame is guided along a hollow guide shaft, the working piston being guided in the cylinder cavity of the guide shaft, and the lower running beam being guided by a pressure rod arranged between the ball joints. It was supported by a beam.

Effects of the Invention The hollow-shaped guide shaft, at the same time as the cylinder for the working piston, has a guiding function without requiring any additional overall height or construction costs, in which case the working piston is connected via the pressure rod. Due to the fact that it is supported on the lower running frame, the working piston is guided in the cylinder independently of the guidance of the running frame without being subjected to lateral forces.

Implementation It is known from the art that two guides can be spaced apart along a guide shaft to accommodate the moments caused by eccentric forging resistance, in which case the length of the guide shaft is equal to the maximum press stroke. In addition to the length, it corresponds to the dimensions defined by the spacing and length of the guides.

However, in order to further reduce the overall height of the forging press, according to another embodiment of the invention, a further guide is provided between the table beam and the column connecting the running beam, so that the running frame can be moved downwardly. The guide shaft is guided along the guide shaft by a single guide between the traveling beam and the guide shaft, in which case the length of the guide shaft is
This corresponds to the maximum press stroke length plus the guide length. Despite the advantage of having a relatively small overall height, the column is exposed to lateral forces of bending stress.

The guide can be designed as a circular, flat or transfer guide with corresponding guide elements, which can then be fixed on the guide shaft or in the lower running beam.

Example Next, the present invention will be explained based on illustrated embodiments.

The forging press shown in FIG. 1 consists of a table beam 1, which is anchored via a base plate (not shown) to a foundation, also not shown. A running frame is movable vertically relative to the table beam 1 and consists of an upper running beam 2, a lower running beam 3 and a column 4 connecting the running beams.

In the illustrated embodiment, each column 4 is assembled from an anchor 4a for transmitting a tensile force and a sleeve 4b surrounding the anchor 4a. The sleeve 4b is mounted with light tension in the hole 2b in the upper running beam 2 and in the hole 3b in the lower running beam 3,
The two running beams 2 and 3 are therefore connected to form a torsion-resistant running beam, while the anchors 4a are connected to the upper running beam 2 and the lower running beam 3.
The sleeve 4 is secured by a nut 4d passing through the smaller holes 2a and 3a with zero steps and resting on threaded portions 4C provided at both ends of the anchor 4a.
A prestress is applied to b, and a pressing force is transmitted during operation. A lower saddle 5a is fixed on the table beam 1, and an upper saddle 5b is fixed on the upper traveling beam 2. A piston-cylinder unit is arranged for press retraction to work between the table beam 1 and the upper running beam 2;
The unit consists of one cylinder 6a and one plunger piston 6b.

Each cylinder 6a is supported on the table beam 1 by a pressure plate 6c inserted into the table beam 1, while each plunger piston 6b has a spherical portion 6d.
The upper running beam 2 is held by a spherical sleeve 6e fixed to the hair. Each sylanger piston 5b is designated by 6f.

A protective tube is shown. Another protection tube 7 is column 4
and is fixed above the through hole 1b for the column 4 in the table beam 1.

The forging press shown in FIGS. 2 and 6 corresponds to the forging press of FIG. 1 in each of the above-mentioned points, and corresponding components are given the same reference numerals, so repeated explanations will be omitted. do.

In the case of the forging press shown in FIG. 1, the table beam 1 and the guide shaft 11 are connected, and this guide shaft is provided with a cylinder hole 12, that is, is formed hollow. A guide bush 12a in the cylinder bore 12 guides a syringe piston 14 entering the cylinder bore 12, which plunger piston has a pressure rod 15 and a bridge part 16 which closes the lower running beam 3 downwards.
It is supported by the running beam 3 via. In order to seal the syringe piston 14 in the cylinder bore 12, the Zorag pusher 12b is provided with a plug bushing seal 12c. The pressure rod 15 has a spherical cutout on both sides and is supported via spherical pressure sections 15a and 15b on the one hand on the plunger piston 14 and on the other hand on the bridge section 16 of the lower running beam 3, respectively. has been done.

Guide bushes 18a and 1 are provided on the outside of the guide shaft 11.
8b, and a spacing bush 18 between these guide bushes.
c are respectively attached, and these bushings are held in the axial direction by pressure rings 18d. The guide shaft 11 has guide bushes 18a and 18b.
Lower running beam 3 lined with bushings 19
and receives, via the guide bushes 18& and 18b, the moments caused by the eccentric forging resistance.

In the case of the forging press shown in FIG. 2, the table beam 1 and
A guide shaft 21, which is shorter than guide shaft 11, is connected, which guide shaft has a cylinder bore 22 and is thus also hollow. The guide bushing 22a in the cylinder bore 22 is again
A plunger piston 24 entering the cylinder hole 22 is guided.
The plug bushing 22b and the plug bushing seal 22c seal against the plug bushing 22b and the plug bushing seal 22c. In order to support the syringe piston 24 on the running beam 23, a bridge portion 26 that closes the running beam 23 downward is provided.
and the pressure rod 25 has spherical 9 pressure portions 25a and 2
5b is provided with spherical notches on both sides.

In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the relatively short guide shaft 21
On the outside and at its lower end, only one guide 28 is provided and is fixed by a retaining ring 28a. The guide 28, as can also be seen in FIG. 5, has an inner ring 28b with a spherical outer surface and two interconnected outer rings 28c with corresponding inner surfaces surrounding said inner ring 28b. It consists of. Inner ring 28b and outer ring 28c thus form a ball-and-socket bushing.

Lower running beam 2 lined by bushing 29
3 has a first guide at the guide shaft 21 or at the guide 28 at the end of the guide shaft 21, while the second guide takes place via a column of the running frame and this Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a ball joint bushing 20 is arranged within the table beam 1.
and is held by a protection tube 7. The moments resulting from the eccentric forging resistance are therefore taken up by the guide 28 and the ball joint bushing 20, whereby the sleeve 4b of the stroke column 4 is subjected to bending stress, but the overall height of the forging press is reduced by the embodiment of FIG. It is very small compared to .

The embodiment of FIG. 3 substantially corresponds to the embodiment of FIG.

The outer diameter of the guide shaft 31, which is also relatively short, is machined in such a way that it serves as a guide for a ball-and-socket bushing 39, which is connected to the lower propagation beam 33. inserted into and retained within the bore. A second guidance is provided to the traveling beam 3 via the sleeve 4b of the bow ram 4 of the traveling frame by means of a ball joint bushing 30 arranged in the table beam 1.
It is done in 3. Despite the advantage of the low constructional outlay of this embodiment, the spacing between the guides 39 and 30 can change during the pressing process.

When lowering the traveling frame by discharging the pressure medium from the retraction cylinder 6a, if the working cylinder 14 or 24 is not simultaneously loaded with pressure medium, this working cylinder 14 or 24 remains in its upper position; and the pressure rod 15 or 25 and the bridge section 16 to the lower running beam 3 or 23
Or contact with 26 may be lost. FIG. 5 shows a variant embodiment of the embodiment of FIG. 2, showing how the above points can be counteracted. For this purpose, the syringe piston 24 is provided with a turning 51 at its lower end, into which a ring sector 52 is inserted, which supports a pressure ring 53 .

Bridging portion 2 of the pressure ring 53 and the lower running beam 23
6, a plurality of pendulum anchors 54 are arranged. A spring set 57 is inserted between the head 55 of each pendulum anchor 540 and a retaining cap 56 fixed to the bridge portion 26, and the spring set is tensioned by a nut 58. The tension of the spring set is applied to the support disk 59 by a nut 58.
．． 60 to the pressure ring 53 and thus the working piston 24 to the pressure rod 25 as well as the pressure part 2
It is held so as to be placed on the bridging portion 26 of the lower traveling beam 23 via 5a and 25b. The working piston 24 retains its kinematics in such a way that it can be adjusted in the cylinder bore 22 or in the guide bush 22a.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1, 2, and 6 respectively show examples of the forging press according to the present invention, with the left half viewed from the direction indicated by arrow A in FIG. 4, and the right half viewed from the direction indicated by arrow A in FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view common to all embodiments, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing a modified embodiment of FIG. 2. 1...Table beam, 1b...Through hole, 2...
Upper running beam, 2a+ 2b+ 3a, 3
b = one hole, 3.23.33...lower running beam, 4
...Column, 4a...Anchor, 4b...Sleeve, 4c...Threaded portion, 4d, 58...Nut, 5
a...Lower saddle, 5b...Upper saddle, 6a...
・Cylinder, 6b, 14, 24.34... Plunger piston, 6c... Pressure surface, 6d... Spherical head, 6
e... Spherical sleeve, 6f, 7... Protection tube, 11,
2L 31...Guide shaft, 12.22.32.
...Cylinder hole, 12a, 18a, 18b, 22a...
・Guide bushing, 12b, 22b...Plug bushing, 1
2c. 2'2 c... Zorag bush packing, 15.25.
...Pressure rod, 15a, 15b, 25a, 25b...
・Pressure part, 16.26...Bridging part, 18c...Separation bushing, 18d...Pressure ring, 19.29...
Bush, 20, 30.39...Ball joint bush, 28.
...Guide, 28a...Holding ring, 28b...Inner ring, 28C...Outer ring, 51...Turning sound 52
...Ring sector, 53...Pressure ring, 54...
・Pendulum anchor, 55...Head, 56...Holding cap, 57...Spring set, 59.60...Support disk (1 other person)

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An underfloor structure type forging press equipped with a running frame, which is formed from a table beam, upper and lower running beams, and columns connecting these running beams; a guide shaft connected to the table beam and serving as a guide to the lower running beam; and at least one working (plunger) piston-cylinder arranged to act between the table beam and the lower running beam. - a pullback between the unit and said table beam and the upper running beam (
plunger) piston-cylinder unit, the guide shaft (11, 21,
31) is designed hollow as a cylinder for the working piston (14, 24, 34), in which case the lower running beam (3, 23, 33) is connected to the hollow guide shaft (11,
21, 31), said working piston (14, 24, 34) is guided along a guide shaft (11, 21).
, 31) guided in the cylinder hollow chamber (12, 22, 32) and arranged between the ball joints (
15, 25, 35) lower traveling beams (3, 2
3, 33) A forging press having an underfloor structure. 2. Two guides (1) along the guide shaft (11)
8a, 18b) are spaced apart to accommodate the moments resulting from the eccentric forging resistance, in which case the length of said guide shaft (11), in addition to the maximum press stroke dimension, , 18b), corresponding to the dimensions defined by the spacing and length of the forging press according to claim 1. 3. The traveling frame is connected to the lower traveling beam (23, 3
3) and the guide shaft (21, 31).
, 39), and table beam (1) and running beam (
23, 33) with the column (4) joining them by another guide (20, 30), in which case the length of the guide shaft (21, 31) corresponds to the maximum press stroke dimension. In addition, the guide (
28, 39). Forging press according to claim 1, corresponding to the length of 28, 39). 4. Single or multiple guide members (18a, 18b, 28
) is connected to the lower running beam (3, 23) and the guide shaft (
11, 21), and the lower traveling beam (3, 23) is fixed to the guide shaft between the guide members (18a, 18a,
18b or 28), the forging press according to claim 2 or 3, being movable relative to 18b or 28). 5. The lower traveling beam is connected to the guide shaft (11,
Guide bushes (19, 29) with a length corresponding to the length of
4. Forging press according to claim 4, characterized in that it is lined with a guide bushing (18a, 18b, 28) in which the guide member (18a, 18b, 28) slides. 6. One or more guide members (39) are fixed in the lower running beam (33) between the lower running beam (33) and the guide shaft (31), the guide members (39)
9) is movable along the guide shaft (31). 7. Lower running beam (2) via pressure rod (25)
3), in which the working piston (24) supported on the lower running beam (23) is tensioned elastically by a spring action on the lower running beam (23); The forging press according to item 1. 8. A working piston (24) whose lower end is formed hollow to receive the pressure rod (25) and the spherical pressure part (25a) is connected with the pressure ring (53) at the lower end; This pressure ring and the lower running beam (2
3), a pendulum anchor (54) is arranged with a pressure spring (57) interposed therebetween, in which case the pressure rod (25) resists the pressure of the pressure spring (57),
A spherical pressure section (25b) in the lower running beam (23)
), the forging press according to claim 7.