JPS61134594A - Heat exchange device utilizing hydrogen occlusion alloy - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a heat exchange device, which utilizes the heat of reaction produced during the occlusion and releasing of hydrogen by hydrogen occlusion alloy, by a constitution wherein the first and the second series of heat pump systems are formed by combining low temperature side reaction vessels with high temperature side reaction vessels and hydrogen occlusion tanks are respectively arranged in said series. CONSTITUTION:Under the conditions that hydrogen is fully occluded by high temperature side hydrogen occlusion alloy M in a first high temperature side reaction vessel 1 and by low temperature side hydrogen occlusion alloy M' in a first low temperature side reaction vessel 2 and at the same time hydrogen is occluded in a second hydrogen occlusion tank 10', a higher heat source 4 is connected with a second low temperature side reaction vessel 2' and the first high temperature side reaction vessel 1 and at the same time a lower heat source 7 is connected with the low temperature side reaction vessel 2 so as to let high temperature side hydrogen occlusion alloy M contained in a second high temperature side reaction vessel 1' occlude gaseous hydrogen produced at the second low temperature side reaction vessel 2' in order to take out the produced heat of reaction to a thermal utilization device 9 by connecting a heat taking-out means 11' through three-way valves V11 and V11' with the thermal utilization device 9.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a heat exchange device using a hydrogen storage alloy by utilizing reaction heat during hydrogen absorption and release from the hydrogen storage alloy.

(Prior art) Under approximately equal hydrogen equilibrium pressure, a high-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M exhibiting a high temperature and a low-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M′ exhibiting a low temperature are each filled in separate reaction vessels. The tanks are connected by a hydrogen flow path, a heat medium is supplied to both reaction tanks, and both alloys M, M
Hydrogen is transferred between both reaction vessels by alternately absorbing or desorbing hydrogen, and the heat of reaction during hydrogen absorption or desorption is utilized.

As a conventional example, FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram in which the heat of reaction when a hydrogen storage alloy absorbs hydrogen is utilized in a heating device.

11 is a high temperature side reaction tank, which contains a high temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M. Reference numeral 12 denotes a low temperature side reaction tank, which contains a low source side hydrogen storage alloy M'. 13d A hydrogen flow path that connects both reaction vessels 31 and 32 and allows gaseous hydrogen to flow therethrough. 14
is a high heat source, and a pump P14 and a pump P14 are connected to the heat exchange means 5 for heating or cooling the hydrogen storage alloy M on the high temperature side.
Connected via Ill. Further, the high heat source 14 is connected via a pump P14 and a pulp v14 to a heat exchange means 16 that heats the low temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M' in the low temperature side reaction tank. 17 is a low heat source, and a pump Pi? and is connected via Noorude v1m. Reference numeral 19 denotes a heat utilization device such as a radiator, which is connected to the heat extraction means 20 from the high temperature side reaction P111 via a pump P0 and a norpu Vtt.

The operation of such a device will be explained based on the pressure-temperature characteristic diagram of the heat pump shown in FIG.

In the figure, the vertical axis indicates the hydrogen pressure P, and the horizontal axis indicates the absolute temperature of hydrogen, T, and its reciprocal value]/Tt-. In the figure, point (a) indicates a state in which the low temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M' has sufficiently absorbed hydrogen and there is little gaseous hydrogen in the low temperature side reaction tank 12. Here, both the pulps v11 + v18 are closed, and the pulps V14 are opened and the pump P'14 is driven.

When a heat medium is supplied from the high heat source 14 to the heat exchange means 16 to heat the low-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M', hydrogen is released from the alloy M', the hydrogen pressure P rises, and it passes through the B stroke to point (RO). ). At this time, in order to maintain the temperature inside the high temperature side reaction tank 11 at an appropriate temperature, the busy pulp v1! shall be open or closed.

At point (b), gaseous hydrogen to be released from the low-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M' reaches the high-temperature side reaction tank 11 through the hydrogen flow path 13;
This shows a state in which the high-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M has begun to absorb hydrogen. At this point, both nodes are closed,
Then, both valves v11#14 are opened to continue heating the hydrogen storage alloy M' on the low temperature side, hydrogen is absorbed into the hydrogen storage alloy M on the high temperature side at approximately equilibrium pressure, and the hydrogen temperature rises. The reaction heat at this time is transferred to the heat extraction means 20 by the pump P1. 'Vc, the heat medium is taken out and supplied to the heat utilization device 19. In this way, the point E is reached through the C process.

Point C indicates a state in which the high temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M has absorbed hydrogen and the exothermic reaction has ended.

At this point, the heat utilization device 1 is closed with the heat utilization device 1 closed.
The heat supply to the high temperature side reaction tank 15 is stopped, the noorzo Vtt is opened, and the heat medium is supplied from the high heat source 14 to the heat exchange means 15 of the high temperature side reaction tank by the pump P14 to cool the high temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M. , and the pulp V1m is opened to cool the hydrogen storage alloy M' on the low temperature side. As a result, hydrogen is absorbed into the hydrogen storage alloy M on the high temperature side, and both the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen are reduced, and the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen are reduced to a point (D).

By continuing the above pulp operation state, the heat necessary for releasing hydrogen from the high temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M is transferred to the high heat source 14.
The gaseous hydrogen generated by replenishing with the heating medium from the hydrogen flows through the hydrogen flow path 13 to the low-temperature side reaction tank 12 at almost equilibrium pressure.
The low-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M', which is cooled by the heat medium from the low heat source 17, is deprived of its reaction heat and absorbs hydrogen, and reaches point (a) when it has sufficiently absorbed hydrogen through process A. Thus - end the cycle.

FIG. 4 shows the temperature change of the heat medium at the outlet of the heat extraction means 20 during the cycle time, with each stroke indicated. The vertical axis represents the temperature of the heat medium, and the horizontal axis represents time. show. In reality, heat utilization device 1 for the reaction heat of high-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M
9 can be used in the initial part of the C process and the D process.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the conventional device as described above, as shown in FIG. The rate of time t, during which the temperature of the heat medium decreases, is very high. Therefore, when heat utilization is performed continuously, it is necessary to arrange a considerable number of devices in parallel and connect them to the heat utilization device.

(Means for Solving the Problems) A heat exchange device using a hydrogen storage alloy according to the present invention comprises an f41, second series heat pump system by combining a low temperature side reaction tank and a high temperature side reaction tank, All hydrogen storage tanks were placed between the high-temperature side reaction tank of the first series and the low-temperature side reaction tank of the second series, and between the low-temperature side reaction tank of the first series and the high-temperature side reaction tank of the second series. Its structure is as follows.

A pair of low-temperature side reaction vessels each containing a low-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy and having a heat exchange means connected to a heat medium circulation path from a low heat source and a heat exchange means connected to a heat medium circulation path from a high heat source; A pair of high-temperature side reaction tanks containing a high-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy and having a heat exchange means connected to a heat medium circulation path from a high heat source and a heat extraction means, a high-temperature side reaction tank and a low-temperature side reaction tank. A pair of communicating hydrogen flow passages and a heat utilization device connected to the heat medium circulation passage of the heat extraction means of both high-temperature side reaction tanks.

A high-temperature side reaction tank and a low-temperature side reaction tank on the side not connected through the hydrogen flow path are connected as a pair through a hydrogen replenishment flow path, and a hydrogen storage tank and a high temperature side reaction tank are provided in each of the two hydrogen replenishment flow paths. This is a heat exchange device that utilizes a hydrogen storage alloy and has a pump that sends hydrogen from the reactor to a hydrogen storage tank or sends hydrogen from the tank to a low-temperature reaction tank.

(Function) The function of the heat exchange device using the hydrogen storage alloy according to the present invention is as follows.

One series (referred to as the first series) in which a low-temperature side reaction tank containing a low-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy and a high-temperature side reaction vessel containing a high-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy, which are combined with the above configuration, are connected through a hydrogen flow path. ) and the other series (second
It is called a series. ), the low temperature side hydrogen storage alloy of the low temperature side reaction tank of the first series and the high temperature side hydrogen storage alloy of the high temperature side reaction tank of the second series are made to sufficiently absorb hydrogen, and the high temperature side of the first series Hydrogen is stored in a hydrogen storage tank connected to the reaction tank and the low-temperature side reaction tank of the second series, and the hydrogen storage tank connected to the high-temperature side reaction tank of the second series and the low-temperature side reaction tank of the first series is kept under vacuum. Leave it as the state. Then, the low temperature side reaction tank of the first series is connected to a high heat source, the heat medium is passed through the heat medium circulation path, the low temperature side hydrogen storage alloy is heated by the heat exchange means to release hydrogen, and the gaseous hydrogen is is sent to the high-temperature side reaction tank through the hydrogen flow path at approximately equilibrium pressure, and the reaction heat generated as the high-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy absorbs hydrogen is connected to the heat medium circulation path from a heat extraction means. During this time, the low-temperature side reaction tank of the second series is connected to one of the hydrogen meters! Gaseous hydrogen from the tank is supplied via a hydrogen replenishment flow path by a pump, and is cooled by a heat exchange means connected to a heat medium circulation path from a low heat source to absorb hydrogen into the hydrogen storage alloy on the low temperature side. Furthermore, in the dark, the 8-temperature side reaction tank is heated by a heat exchange means connected from a high heat source to the heat medium circulation path, and the gaseous hydrogen released by the high-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy is transferred to the other side using a pump. Store it in a hydrogen storage tank. In this way, when the transfer of gaseous hydrogen from the low-temperature side reaction vessel of the first series to the high-temperature side reaction vessel is completed, the first series and the second series are switched and the same operation as described above is repeated to continuously generate heat. Utilization device fK heat is supplied.

(Example) An example of a heat exchange device using a hydrogen storage alloy according to the present invention will be described based on FIG. 1.

l and r are first and second high-temperature side reaction tanks, which contain a high-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M. Reference numeral 2.2' denotes first and second low-temperature side reaction tanks, which contain a low-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M'. 3
, 3' are first, second, and second hydrogen flow passages that connect the two reaction vessels 1, 2 or r, τ and allow gaseous hydrogen 8 to flow through them, and each of the nozzles provided in the two flow passages 3, 3' The loop v8*Y8' is normally used in the open position. 4 is a high heat source;
Each heat exchange means 5.5' for heating or cooling hydrogen storage alloy M8 on the high temperature side is equipped with pump P4, pulp v4, three-way switching valve ■,
They are connected through a heat medium circulation path L4 provided with. In addition, ay
, , cv (is a check valve provided in the circulation path L4,
When heating the second high-temperature side reactor f, the heating medium or ig
1. Prevent the heat medium from flowing back into the reaction chamber 1 on the high temperature side 8, or prevent the heat medium from flowing back into the reaction tank 1 on the high temperature side 1 during heating of the first reaction tank 1 on the high temperature side.

The high heat source 4 connects the pulp V of the heat medium circulation path L4 and the pump P4 to each heat exchange means 6,6' for heating the low temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M' of the first and second low temperature side reaction tanks. It branches in between and is connected via a three-way switching valve Vs'E-.

Furthermore, CV6. CV and / are check valves provided in the circulation path L4, which respectively prevent the heat medium from flowing back into the first low temperature side reaction tank 2 during heating of the second low temperature side reaction 4vτ, or When heating the reaction tank 2, the heat medium is prevented from flowing back into the second low temperature side reaction tank τ.

7 is a low heat source, and a pump P and both three-way switching valves v8 + "@ are connected to each heat exchange means 8゜8' for cooling the low-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M' of the first and second low-temperature side reaction tanks. They are connected through a heat medium circulation path L7 provided.

10 and 10' are first and second hydrogen storage tanks, and each pulp V is stored in the first and second high temperature side reaction tanks x and f, respectively.
1. Each pump P. +PiO and each pulp vt
r v2 fJ' First and second pipes L1 interposed in sequence
．． L71/(I am in contact with you.Also, each)Telup v1.
■1' and each pump P. +Valve vs+vs+ for each bypass piping L', ,L',' from between +PIO
The hydrogen storage tank 10.1 is connected to the first and second hydrogen storage tanks 10.1. 1st, WJ2 hydrogen replenishment flow path L10 e LlG
are respectively pump PIO* P+o to'j'fu Vt
+V:t! - A /L/ f VlotvIJ
It is connected to the second and first low temperature side reaction vessels τ, 2 via. One first hydrogen storage tank 10 stores hydrogen equal to the amount of hydrogen sufficiently absorbed by the low-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M' in the first low-temperature side reaction tank 2, and the other second hydrogen storage tank 10' is a vacuum.

9 is a heat utilization device, which includes both high temperature side reaction tanks 1. Both three-way switching valves V11.
Gravel is attached using a heat medium circulation path with Vl: interposed.

Next, the effect will be explained.

First, the initial state of this device will be explained.

Hydrogen is absorbed to a saturated state in the low temperature steel hydrogen storage alloy Z built in the first low temperature side reaction tank 2 and the high temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M built in the second high temperature side reaction tank R. The low-temperature side 'hydrogen storage alloy A and the first
The high temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M built in the high temperature side reaction city 1 is assumed to be in a state of hydrogen unsaturated axis.

In addition, the first hydrogen storage tank 10 includes a first low temperature side reaction tank 2.
The second hydrogen storage tank i o' is kept in a vacuum state, and the second hydrogen storage tank i o' is kept in a vacuum state.

The operation of the present device in the above state will be explained with reference to the pressure-temperature characteristic diagram of the heat pump shown in FIG.

At present, the relationship between the first low-temperature side reaction tank 2 and the first high-temperature side reaction tank 1 of the apparatus is in a state of 1). Here, high heat source 4
is connected to the first low temperature side reaction tank 2 and the second high temperature side reaction tank r, and the low heat source 7 is connected to the second low temperature side reaction right τ. Specifically, the three-way switching valve v6 is opened to the first low-temperature side reaction tank 2, the pulp v4 is opened, the three-way switching valve V is opened to the second high-temperature side reaction tank r side, and both three-way switching valves are opened to the second high-temperature side reaction tank r side. Switching valve vs
, vaj! l- Drive both pumps P, with the second low-temperature side reaction tank 2 side open.

In this way, the low-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M in the first low-temperature side reaction tank 2 is heated by the heat exchange means 8, releases hydrogen, increases the hydrogen pressure P1 and the hydrogen temperature T, and passes through the B process to point (B). The released gaseous hydrogen moves through the first hydrogen flow path 3, is absorbed by the high temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M in the first high temperature side reaction tank 1 at almost equilibrium pressure, and reaches the point after passing C process 8. This leads to (c).

During this time, the reaction heat generated by the hydrogen storage alloy M on the high temperature side or the absorption of ice cream is transferred to both three-way switching valves v+t t Ml/')
Heat utilization device 9 as heat extraction means 1111111C open
Use K prominently.

As mentioned above, gaseous hydrogen is generated from the first low-temperature glue reaction condition 2, and the hydrogen is absorbed in the first high-temperature side reaction tank 1, and the Wkz high temperature heated by the heat exchange means is heated. The one-temperature, one-mizuki storage alloy M in the tatami reaction tank R releases hydrogen, and the released gaseous hydrogen is transferred to m2 by driving the pump PTO.
The low temperature steel hydrogen storage alloy M in the low temperature glue reaction fIr is stored in the hydrogen storage tank 1σ at t+M, while being cooled in the heat exchanger 4p. 1sAllE
t+, Ml is sent from the hydrogen storage tank lO to the first bypass distribution tLt') #ite, and the first hydrogen supplementary distribution M
The L trout absorbs gaseous hydrogen supplied by ridges. Therefore, between the second low-temperature side reaction rod 2' and the second high-temperature side reaction 4@r, there is a D process from point rj to point ), and an A process from point ) to point (A). be exposed.

Thus, the silk 1Il 16 temperature 1 country reaction + 111 yen still temperature side water storage alloy M and the second low temperature steel hydrogen storage alloy M in the VrAi1d1 reaction tank 2 can sufficiently collect water A8, and the second hydrogen storage After hydrogen is stored in the tank 10', the high heat source 48 is connected to the second low temperature side reaction tank τ and the first high temperature side reaction tank l, and the low heat source 7 is connected to the first low temperature side reaction tank 2. 2. Gaseous hydrogen generated in the low-temperature side reaction ellipse 8 is absorbed into the high-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy M built in the second high-temperature side reaction tank 1', and the generated reaction heat is transferred to the heat extraction means lf by the three-way switching valve v.
1□r vll is connected to the heat utilization device 9 and the heat medium is used to discharge the heat to the heat utilization device 9. And during this time, the second
Gaseous hydrogen is supplied from the hydrogen storage tank 10' to the first low temperature side reaction tank 2, and gaseous hydrogen generated from the first warm side reaction tank 1 is stored in the first hydrogen storage tank 10.

By repeating the above operations, the first and second high temperature side reaction tanks 1. The heat generated by r can be continuously supplied to the outside.

(Effects of the Invention) As understood from the above explanation, the heat exchange device using the hydrogen storage alloy according to the present invention has the following effects.

(1) Since the gaseous hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank in advance is pumped into the low-temperature reaction tank under a relatively large pressure difference, the gaseous hydrogen can be moved quickly, and therefore the hydrogen storage alloy at the low-temperature side can absorb hydrogen. Can be done quickly - reduce cycle time.

(2) When continuous heat utilization is required, a reduction in the number of combinations of low-side reaction tanks and high-temperature side reaction tanks can be expected.

(3) Required hydrogen storage alloy due to shortened cycle time for the required amount of heat exchange! It can be reduced by 8.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the equipment arrangement of an embodiment of a heat exchange device using a hydrogen storage alloy according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the equipment arrangement of a conventional heat exchange device using a hydrogen storage alloy. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the temperature one-hour characteristics of the water ice storage alloy. 1: First high temperature side reaction tank, 1': Second high temperature side reaction tank, 2:
1st low temperature side reaction tank, 'r = 2nd low temperature side reaction tank, 3: 1st
Hydrogen flow path, 3': second hydrogen flow path, 4: high heat source, 5.
5', 6.6', 8.8': heat exchange means, 7: low heat source, 9: heat utilization device, lO2 first hydrogen storage tank, lσ:
Second hydrogen storage tank, 11,1r: Heat extraction device, M:
High temperature side hydrogen storage alloy 1M': Low temperature side hydrogen storage alloy, Vl
, Vj , V@, V; , V@, V: +v4svws
v; evtov"tj: A tv f, L%L:
, Piping, L/ , , L/ / , Bypass piping,
P,,P,,Pl. . P+: : $7 f, v8pV? yva*v8
pvll*vll ' Three-way switching valve, L4e LYr
L* 'Heating medium circulation path, L+o: 1st hydrogen replenishment flow path, L, j: 2nd hydrogen replenishment flow path Agent Patent attorney Mae 1) Li 2 Yoi 1 Figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] A pair of low-temperature side reaction vessels each containing a low-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy and having a heat exchange means connected to a heat medium circulation path from a low heat source and a heat exchange means connected to a heat medium circulation path from a high heat source; A pair of high-temperature side reaction tanks containing a high-temperature side hydrogen storage alloy and having a heat exchange means connected to a heat medium circulation path from a high heat source and a heat extraction means, a high-temperature side reaction tank and a low-temperature side reaction tank. A pair of communicating hydrogen flow paths, a heat utilization device connected to the heat medium circulation path of the heat extraction means of both high-temperature side reaction tanks, and a low-temperature side reaction on the side not communicating with the high-temperature side reaction tanks and the hydrogen flow path. The tanks are connected as a pair through hydrogen replenishment flow passages, and a hydrogen storage tank is provided in both hydrogen replenishment flow passages, respectively.
1. A heat exchange device using a hydrogen storage alloy, comprising a pump that sends hydrogen from a high temperature side reaction tank to a hydrogen storage tank or sends hydrogen from the tank to a low temperature side reaction tank.