JPS61122887A - Method and apparatus for automatic sewing neck part of shirts - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention includes a main feed dog and a differential feed dog, and the amount of differential movement of the differential feed dog can be changed according to the amount of expansion and contraction of the body fabric. The present invention relates to improvements in a method and device for automatically sewing necks of stockinette shirts, etc., using a sewing machine as described above.

<Prior Art> The neckline of a knitted shirt or the like consists of a horizontal fabric part a, a vertical fabric part b, and a bias fabric part C, as shown in FIG. 9, when divided according to the degree of elasticity. Of these, the horizontal fabric part a has relatively little stretch due to the characteristics of the knitted fabric, while the vertical fabric part a has little elasticity. The bias fabric portion C is located between the two. For this reason, when sewing the tape fabric 2 around the neck of such body fabric 1, if the body fabric is fed at a constant feed rate, the amount of elongation will vary depending on the location of the body fabric, so
There are problems such as wrinkles or ripples occurring in some places due to the sewing condition.

Therefore, in sewing machines equipped with a main feed dog and a differential feed dog, the amount of differential movement of the differential feed dog has conventionally been adjusted to
By changing the amount of elongation in accordance with the amount of elongation of the body fabric 1, such as increasing the amount of elongation in the vertical portions and less elongation in the vertical portions, a uniform sewing condition can be achieved all around the neck.

Conventionally, such technology was disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-12814.
It is well known from Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 57-171701.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> By the way, the conventional technology assumes that the sewing position at each point of time corresponds one-to-one to the number of stitches from the beginning of sewing.
Since the differential amount of the differential feed dog is changed in accordance with the number of stitches from the start of sewing, the following problems arise. That is, since the body material is fed by the back and forth movement of the main feeding dog, there is always some degree of slippage.

Furthermore, since this slippage varies depending on the type and thickness of the fabric, the pressure of the presser foot, etc., the actual length of the fabric to be fed is smaller than the feed amount of the feed dog and changes from moment to moment. For this reason, with the conventional means of changing the differential amount of the differential feed dog depending on the number of stitches, an inappropriate differential amount is applied to the body fabric depending on the position of the body fabric, resulting in poor sewing quality. There are some problems.

Means for Solving the Problems> In view of the above, the present invention measures the actual length of the body material being fed, and adjusts the differential amount of the differential feed dog in accordance with the measured value. By changing the value according to a preset value, the problem of the above-mentioned conventional means being lazy was solved.

That is, the present invention provides a measuring wheel that scans over the body fabric, optically or electrically detects the actual length of the body fabric fed through the measuring wheel, and uses this detected value to The gist of the invention is to automatically change the amount of differential movement of the differential feed dog of a sewing machine according to a preset value based on the above.

Further, as described above, the present invention automatically changes the differential amount of the differential feed dog according to a preset value, and also provides a tape feeding means for forcibly feeding the tape fabric just before the needle drops. Similarly to the differential feed dog, this means also includes an implementation in which a configuration is added to automatically change the value according to a preset value.

By automatically changing the differential amount of the differential feed dog as described above, the difference in the amount of stretch of the body fabric in various parts such as the vertical fabric part and the horizontal fabric part is compensated for, but it is still not sufficiently compensated for. Therefore, there may be a slight difference in the amount of elongation between the vertical and horizontal fabric parts. In such a case, if the tape fabric is fed at a constant speed, slight wrinkles may occur when it is sewn onto the body fabric. Therefore, in order to eliminate this inconvenience, the feeding amount of the tape fabric was also changed.

〈Example〉 Figure 1 shows the support structure around the needle drop and the measuring wheel, 6 is an arm of the sewing machine body, 6 is a presser bar provided below the arm, and 7 is a support structure below the presser bar 6. It is a presser foot provided. The presser foot 7 includes a presser foot body 7a,
It consists of auxiliary presser feet 7b and 7c divided into front and rear parts. The front auxiliary presser foot 7b is provided in the action area of the differential feed dog (described later), and the rear auxiliary presser foot 7c is provided in the action area of the main feed dog (described later). 8 is the upper needle, 9 is needle drop, 1
0 is a measuring wheel that scans over the body fabric 1 near the needle drop 9. The body material 1 is placed on the sewing machine bed 11, and is fed in the direction of arrow P by the lower main feed dog and differential feed dog while being pressed by the presser foot 6. 12 is a binder for bending the tape fabric 2 into a predetermined shape.

The measuring wheel 10 has a j
As shown in Figure I2, it is rotatably supported by a pole bearing 15. The base end of the arm 140 is connected to a base shaft 1 rotatably supported by a bracket 16 fixed to the sewing machine body.
7, and a collar 19 that engages with a latch portion 18 at the base end of the arm and a collar 20 with a gear 21 are loosely inserted into the base shaft 17. The geared collar 20 is attached to the bracket 1 while in contact with the shaft bearing portion 16a of the bracket 16.
It is threadedly engaged with a worm gear 22 erected on 6. The geared collar 20 and the other collar 19 are connected by a torsion spring 28. Therefore, when the geared collar 20 is rotated clockwise by operating the worm gear 22, the elastic force of the torsion spring 28 causes the arm 1 to rotate.
4 is biased clockwise, and the measuring wheel 10
Press against body fabric 1. When in use, the worm gear 22 is adjusted so that the measuring wheel 10 contacts the body fabric 1 with a minimum elastic force and with good followability. This makes it possible to measure the actual length of the garment fabric from the amount of rotation of the measuring wheel 10.

An operating arm 24 is attached to the rear end of the base shaft 17, and when changing the body fabric, the operating arm 24 is moved downward by actuating an actuator 25 such as an air cylinder to separate the measuring wheel 10 from the body fabric 1. It's Nishide. In this embodiment, the actuator 26 is designed to operate in conjunction with the flip-up operation of the presser foot 6.

As shown in FIG. 2, a rotary encoder 26 built into the tip of the arm 14 is connected to the shaft 10a of the measuring wheel 10.
The amount of rotation of O is detected by an optical or electrical method (including a magnetic method and an electrostatic method). The detection signal of the rotary encoder 26 is input to the electrical system shown in FIG. 8, and predetermined processing is performed to control the amount of differential movement of the differential feed teeth. In FIG. 8, 80 is a computer, 81 is an input/output interface, 82 is a RAM, an i3B hatter path, 84 is a step motor control circuit, 85 is a step motor, 86 is a ROM, and 87 is an input switch for various setting values. The ROM 86 stores data necessary for basic sewing. On the other hand, the input switch 87 is used to write data necessary for sewing other than basic sewing into the RAM 82.

Here, basic stitching means sewing the most popular items such as so-called M size stockinette shirts.

The detection (fit number) of the rotary encoder 26 is input from the interface 81 through the data bus 88 to the computer 30 and counted by the computer 80. In this case, the neck circumference of the body material is always
Start sewing from the position shown as the sewing start point in the figure, l 1-12-
Assuming that the sewing progresses as 1 g...=17, the count number Ct of the computer 80 and the sewing location at each point of time completely correspond. On the other hand, horizontal fabric part a1 vertical fabric part b
, and the amount of differential movement of the differential feed dog in the bias fabric portion C is known empirically, regardless of whether it is basic sewing or not. Therefore, the differential jlDa at the horizontal fabric part a, which is known empirically, and the differential jiD at the vertical fabric part
l) and the differential amount Dc center at the bias fabric part C are transferred from the ROM 86 to the sill 82 in the case of basic sewing, and are transferred to the RAM 8 through the input switch 87 in cases other than basic sewing.
2, and write each differential amount to computer 8o.
When the count value Ct reaches a value exactly corresponding to 11, 12, . . . , 16, the data bus a8,
The output is output to the step motor control circuit a4 through the interface 81, and the step motor 86 is rotated by a predetermined amount, so that the differential amount of the differential feed dog is set to a preset value (RA
The differential jt) written in M is controlled. A flowchart of the above operation is shown in FIG. In this flowchart, the sewing machine treadle signal in step S1 refers to an on/off signal of a limit switch provided on the sewing machine treadle. This signal is low (
It is determined whether the state has changed from L) to High (6), and only when the determination is positive, that is, only when the sewing machine treadle is newly stepped on from a state where it has not been stepped on, can the next step be proceeded to. can. Such a judgment is necessary when the sewing work around the neck is repeated many times. Further, the basic SW in step S8 is a switch that is turned on when basic sewing is performed. In this embodiment, necessary data is transferred from ROM to RAM for basic sewing, and data for other than basic sewing is written to RAM through the input switch, so it is possible to use the basic SW as described above. The mechanism that rotates the step motor 85 to change the differential amount of the differential feed dog can be used in various ways. Although any known material can be used, in this embodiment, the material shown in FIG. 5 is used. FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the mechanism shown in this figure. In the figure, 60 is a soil feed dog, and 51 is a differential feed dog, which are attached to the main feed table 62 and the differential feed table 58, respectively. . Each feed stand 6
2゜58 has U-shaped guides @54 and 66 formed in the front and rear, and the front guide #I54 has a square piece 68 attached to the main shaft 66 via an eccentric cam 57, while the rear guide #156 has a square piece 68 attached to the main shaft 66 via an eccentric cam 57. A square piece 60, which is pivotally attached to a shaft 59, is slidably fitted into each of the shafts 50 and 59. Rotation of the main shaft 56 causes each feed dog 50, 51 to move up and down about the shaft 59, on which a rear square piece 60 is fitted. It is supposed to be done. Reference numeral 61 designates a fabric feed amount adjusting device, and reference numeral 62 designates a back-and-forth feed rod having one end fitted onto the eccentric cam 63 of the adjusting device 61. The other end of the longitudinal feed rod 62 is pivotally attached to a feed crank 65 rotatably attached to the longitudinal feed shaft 64, and is designed to swing the feed crank 65 automatically backward in conjunction with the rotation of the main shaft 56. A groove 66 is formed in the vertical direction in the middle part of the front-rear feed rod 62,
A square piece 67 provided on a shaft fixed to the main feed table 52 is slidably guided in the groove. The main feed dog 50 is moved back and forth by the swinging motion of the back and forth feed rod 62 through the fitting structure of the guide groove and the square piece. - An arc-shaped differential feed crank 68 is integrally provided with the feed crank 65, and a slider 69 is slidably provided on the crank 68.

The slider 69 has a base end pivoted to the differential feed base 58, and a front end of the door 0 is pivoted to the slider 69. Therefore, the differential feed dog 61 moves back and forth through the differential feed crank 68, slider 69, and rod 70 in accordance with the movement of the back and forth feed rod 62.

In this case, by sliding the slider 69 along the differential feed crank 68, the amount of longitudinal movement of the differential feed dog 51, that is, the amount of differential movement can be changed.

A shaft 72 is fixed to the slider 69 and rotatably supports a slider 71 forming a part of a mechanism for changing the amount of differential movement. The slider 71 is guided by a U-shaped guide groove 74 formed in a fork-shaped guide body 78, and
8 is connected to the step motor 85 described above via an adjustment lever 76 and an operation lever 77 provided on a lever shaft 75, a link 78, and a lever 79. When the step motor 35 is rotated in any direction by a predetermined angle, the fork portion of the guide body 73 is rotated toward the front and rear feed shaft 6.
By sliding the slider 69 in the distance direction with respect to 4, the slider 69 can be slid along the differential feed crank 68 to change the amount of differential movement of the differential feed dog 51. Note that the guide s74 formed on the guide body 78 is formed in an arc shape centered on the axis of the longitudinal feed shaft 64,
The slider 71, which swings as the differential feed crank 68 swings, is able to move smoothly within the guide n74. Further, when the differential feed crank 68 is located at the center of swing, the base end of the rod 70, which is the shaft attachment point with the differential feed base 6B, is located at the center of curvature, and the Lenoy shaft 75 is also positioned in the same manner. , located at the center of curvature of the differential feed crank 68. With this arrangement, the actual trajectory of the slider 69 along with the rocking of the differential feed crank 68 becomes an arc, and the trajectory is ideally centered around the axis of the longitudinal feed shaft 64. Since it comes into contact with the circular arc trajectory at the center of the swing, the maximum deviation width between both tracks becomes extremely small, which has the advantage of reducing the movement (oscillation) of the slider in the direction along the differential feed crank. Due to this, it also has the advantage that even if the differential amount is changed frequently, the cloth feeding movement of the differential feed dog is not affected. In Fig. 6.6, the step motor 36 and the lever shaft T5 are connected via a lever 77 and links 78 and 79. It can also be implemented by directly connecting the shaft 76 with gear engagement. In this case, it is preferable to use a small gear on the step motor side and a large gear on the lever shaft side.

Next, FIG. 7 shows, in addition to the configuration of the automatic sewing device described above,
Tape fabric 2 sewn to the edge of the body fabric (around the neck)
The tape shown is equipped with a tape feeding means 80 for forcibly feeding the tape just before the needle drop point 90.

As mentioned above, for the body fabric, the differential amount of the differential feed dog is automatically changed depending on the vertical fabric area, horizontal fabric area, etc., so the amount of elongation in each area can be adjusted. Differences have been corrected. However, even then, the correction may not be sufficient, and as a result, there may be a slight difference in the amount of elongation between the vertical fabric portion and the horizontal fabric portion. In such a case, if the tape fabric is fed at a constant speed, slight wrinkles may occur in the sewn product when it is sewn onto the body fabric. Although this is extremely rare, it may occur if the tape fabric is more stretchable than the side fabric of the body fabric. The embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is intended to prevent such problems, and the amount of feed by the tape feed means 80 is adjusted to the length to which the body fabric is actually fed, as detected by the rotary encoder 26 mentioned above. I decided to change it accordingly. The feeding amount of the tape feeding means 80 may be determined in advance by setting an empirically determined value, and then changing the feeding amount according to the set value. In this embodiment, the tape feeding means 80 uses an endless tape feeding belt 84 wound around a guide bar 81, a driving roller 82, and idle rollers 88, 8B. The guide bar 81 is provided at a position such that the belt 84 comes into contact with the tape fabric 2 9 before the needle drop. The tape feeding belt 84 is preferably made of a rubber material or the like having a concave and convex shape that prevents slipping between the belt and the tape fabric 2. The drive roller 82 is connected to a drive source such as a servo motor (not shown), and the drive source is configured to be driven at a speed according to a preset value corresponding to the actual moving length of the body fabric. be.

Next, FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the tape feeding means 80. That is, in this embodiment, the feed dog 85 constitutes a tape feeding means. The feed dog 85 is the upper feed table 86
The upper feed table 86 is connected to the main shaft via a mechanism (not shown) similar to the differential amount changing mechanism of the differential feed dog 51 described above. Note that the presser foot just before the needle drop 9 is cut out so that the tape feed belt 84 comes into contact with the tape fabric 2 in FIG. 7, and the feed dog 85 comes into contact with the tape fabric in FIG.

The present invention relates to an automatic sewing technology for the neckline of stockinette shirts, etc., in which the differential amount of the differential feed dog is changed in accordance with the feed amount of the body material.The main components of the present invention are as follows. It can also be applied to cases such as. In other words, with an overlock sewing machine equipped with an upper feed dog and a lower feed dog, 2
This is a case where the differential ratio between the upper feed dog and the lower feed dog is changed in a certain sewing section depending on the quality, shape, etc. of the fabric in the work of overlapping and sewing together sheets of cloth. In such a case, if the main structure of the present invention is applied, two pieces of cloth can be neatly sewn together without ripples.

<Effects of the Invention> As explained above, according to the present invention, the length of the body fabric actually fed is detected through the measuring wheel that scans the body fabric, and the differential feeding is performed based on the detected value. Since the differential amount of the teeth is changed according to a preset value, it is possible to apply an appropriate differential amount to the body fabric at any position around the neck, thereby preventing wrinkles or ripples. This has the effect of producing beautifully sewn products with no imperfections. In addition, if a tape feeding means is provided that changes the feed amount of the tape fabric in accordance with the actual length of the body fabric being fed, the amount of elongation of each part that cannot be completely compensated for depending on the differential amount of the differential feed dog. This is even more convenient because it eliminates the wrinkles that occur in sewn items due to the amount of wrinkles.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show the implementation of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the needle drop of the sewing machine and the support structure of the measuring ring wheel, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway top view showing the measuring ring wheel, and FIG. A block diagram of the electrical system that processes the detection signal of the rotary encoder, Figure 4 (Ibaro) is a flowchart explaining the operation of the block diagram in Figure 8, and Figure 5 shows the feeding mechanism of the main feed dog and differential feed dog. 6 is an exploded view of the mechanism shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an automatic sewing device equipped with a tape feeding means, and FIG. 8 is a different tape from that shown in FIG. 7. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an automatic sewing device equipped with a feeding means. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the neck circumference of a stockinette shirt, etc. l... Body fabric, 2... Tape fabric, 9... Needle drop, 10... Measuring wheel, 26.80...
・Body feed state detection means, 85...step motor,
51...Differential feed dog, 80,82.85...Differential amount changing means, 80,82.84...Step motor drive circuit. Agent Patent Attorney Tsukasa Nakajima Procedural Amendment (December 23, 1985 1, Case Description 1982 Patent Application No. 136200 2, Name of Invention Automatic neck sewing method and device for stockinette shirts, etc.) 3. Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant address: 5-7-2 Densu, Fukushima-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Name Pegasus Sewing Machine Manufacturing Co., Ltd. 4 Agent address: 8530 Ten'/fa 2-12, Kita-ku, Osaka No. 3 Minamisuehiro Building 8F5, date of amendment order: January 1985
January 26th (shipping field 6, subject to amendment)
(2) Column 7 of the title of the invention in the AT document, contents of the amendment (1) LT I document As attached (2) Grasp of the title of the invention in the specification ``Method and device for automatic neck sewing of stockinette shirts, etc.'''' has been corrected to ``Method and device for automatic neck sewing of stockinette shirts, etc. J.

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) A measuring wheel that scans over the body fabric is provided, and the length of the body fabric that is actually fed is detected optically or electrically via this measuring wheel, and based on this detected value, A method for automatically sewing the neckline of a stockinette shirt, etc., characterized in that the differential amount of a differential feed dog of a sewing machine is automatically changed according to a preset value. (2) a measuring wheel that scans over the body fabric near the needle drop, and body fabric feed amount detection means that optically or electrically detects the actual feed amount of the body fabric via this measuring wheel; A knitted shirt or the like is equipped with a differential amount changing means that automatically changes the differential amount of the differential feed dog of the sewing machine according to a preset value based on the detection signal from the detection means. Automatic neck sewing device. (3) Changing the measuring ring wheel that scans over the body fabric near the needle drop, the detection means that detects the actual feed amount of the body fabric via this measuring wheel, and the differential amount of the differential feed dog. and a step motor drive circuit that rotates the step motor by a predetermined amount when the body cloth feed amount detected by the body cloth feed amount detection means reaches a preset value. Automatic neck sewing device for knitted shirts, etc. (4) A measuring wheel that scans over the body fabric near the needle drop, a detection means that detects the actual feed amount of the body fabric via this measuring wheel, and a detection signal from this detection means. The differential amount changing means automatically changes the differential amount of the differential feed dog according to a preset value, and the tape material that is sewn to the edge of the body material is forcibly moved just before the needle drop. and a tape feeding means for feeding the tape.
A knitted shirt or the like, characterized in that the feed amount of the tape feed means is changed according to a preset value based on the value detected by the body material feed amount detection means. Automatic neck sewing method. (5) Change the differential amount of the measuring ring wheel that scans the body fabric near the needle drop, the detection means that detects the actual feed amount of the body fabric via this measuring wheel, and the differential feed dog. a step motor that rotates the step motor by a predetermined amount when the amount of body material feed detected by the body material feed amount detection means reaches a preset value; and an edge of the body material. A tape feeding means for forcibly feeding the tape fabric to be sewn on the edge before the needle drops, and a feed amount of the tape feeding means is controlled to
An automatic neck sewing device for a stockinette shirt or the like, characterized in that the device is configured to change a preset numerical value based on the value detected by the body material feed amount detection means. (6) The automatic neck sewing device for a stockinette shirt or the like as set forth in claim (5), wherein the tape feeding means is an endless tape feeding belt or a feeding dog.