JPS61111197A - Method and device for producing gaseous methane by fermentation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce economically gaseous methane by allowing methane fermentation bacteria to co-inhabit and propagate in 'KOKASEKI' (pumice produced in Japan) having a prescribed grain size, using such 'KOKASEKI' as a methane fermentation bioreactor and passing waste water through the 'KOKASEKI' layer. CONSTITUTION:The gaseous methane is produced by packing the 'KOKASEKI' 9 into a reaction column 10, allowing the methane fermentation bacteria to co-inhabit and propagate in the 'KOKASEKI' 9, admitting the waste water into the column 10 through a waste water inlet 10a provided at the bottom end of the column 10 and discharging the treated water from a treated water discharge port 10b provided to the top end. More specifically the 'KOKASEKI' carrier constituted by sticking the methane fermentation bacteria into the pores of the 'KOKASEKI' is usable stably for a long period of time without being consumed like a gel of an org. material and therefore said carrier contributes to an increase in the concn. of the bacteria associated with the methane fermentation in the reaction vessel and prevents the outflow of the bacteria thus increasing the reaction rate per unit volume of the fermentation of the org. material to methane. The economical production of the gaseous methane is thus made possible.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Distribution for flJ on the ground] This invention uses urban domestic wastewater, factory wastewater, etc. as raw materials,
This invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing methane gas by fermentation (methane fermentation) using anaerobic bacteria.

``Technology from tE'' The conventional method of producing methane by fermentation was carried out as just one means of treating wastewater, and the 7th
This was done using a device like the one shown in the figure.

First, raw wastewater sent by the pump 1 is mixed with return sludge and sent to the heat exchanger hood 42 to be heated. The heated wastewater flows into the fermenter 3. This fermenter 3 has a stirring device 3a, which mixes the sludge and the fresh water. A portion of the waste water from the fermentation tank 3 is sent to a pump 4 and mixed with the raw material waste water, and after separating the sludge into a dewatering chamber α5, it is discharged as treated water. A part of the sludge separated and concentrated in this dewatering process 5) is mixed with the raw material wastewater by the pump 6, and heated! 2. Add 1 cup of Mokan 2 and return it to the fermenter 3.

In addition, the methane gas generated in the fermenter 3 is stored in the gas holder 8 while leaving the booster 7, and a portion of the stored gas is
l-i One pot is used to generate heated steam or hot water to be supplied to the heat exchanger 2. In addition, the above I
In development, a sedimentation separation tank or the like may be used instead of the dehydration (support) 5.

``Four points while the invention is about to take off'' Conventional methane production methods and! iIL is used as a means of wastewater treatment as described above, and is maintained at a high concentration of solids (33) during fermentation [3], and the sludge and wastewater with a high ssm degree are mixed with gold. Strong stirring device for mixing! Cane 3a has fc, 9, fermentation [3] The discharged water is high in SSA [9], and the sludge is returned to 43 as bacteria (large sediment 5)
Be sure to install separation equipment such as desorption, dehydration, and U5. Thus, in the conventional method and in the fermentation process, fermentation of f13 is difficult. 1
There is a problem that equipment costs increase due to agitation, separation of sludge, return, waste water, grothermal heating, etc., and 7N.

This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and mainly deals with methane gas for the purpose of energy shrines, and also treats water such as brewing/drinking wastewater and domestic wastewater. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing methane by 1A fermentation and its research.

"A child actor to solve the four points" In order to solve the above conventional problems, it is necessary to stop stirring the fermenter, which has a high running cost, and to stop stirring the fermenter, which has high running costs.
Drastic measures such as discontinuing the return of waste to the fermentation tank are necessary. In addition, in the past, methane fermentation required a large fermenter to slow down the reaction rate, and for this reason, multiple wastewaters were accumulated in the device, but in order to increase the reaction rate, it was necessary to , In order to reduce the installation @,
A solution is needed to reduce the sensitivity of methane-fermenting bacteria during production.

To this end, it is necessary to maintain the concentration of methane fermentation product in the fermentation groove and prevent it from flowing out of the fermenter together with the treated wastewater. To do this, recently,
Microorganisms that participate in the reaction or their enzymes are included in the ・a momme, taitamochi, and vermilion carrier of the bisuri actor, which has begun to be applied in poetry as medicine, 7-I/chemicals, and the main term of amino acid. There are four options to apply such methods. Traditionally, amines have been used as such carriers! It contains carriers (alginic salts, agar, Ni-Kanagi Langer, etc.) that are actually used for raw materials such as moths, but these are expensive and are very useful for water treatment and methane generation from water replenishment. Adaptation to such facilities is unthinkable. On the other hand, since the volume of the fermenter is large, the use of ceramics, plastic moldings, heat-burned natural processing power (ceramics), etc., which increase physical strength, is being considered. However, these materials cannot be used economically due to high processing costs.

On the other hand, the present inventors aimed to make a bioreactor overly compatible with methane fermentation and to make it economically viable. After trying to remove the mold for a while to see if there were any flies that could be adapted to methane fermentation, we found that the pores in the stone were relatively large and that microorganisms could attach to it, so it did not seem suitable for joint rumors. It is thought that Tomoka Hihii is small and floats in the fermenter and is not immobilized.
In other words, anti-flinder stone is a natural foam that is effective as a round body in a fermentation bioreactor.
It is possible to generate methane from simulated waste liquid by co-cultivating methane fermentation 1, which was used for the treatment of waste water and waste water, into anti-flame stones, and to solve these problems. Methane-emitting tjpc, which is said to be unprotected and slow to grow even if it is continuously poured into a bioreactor made of anti-firestone! It became clear that the wash-out phenomenon described in 4 did not occur, and the methane-producing bacteria coexisted in the anti-flinder rock and converted the carbon source in the simulated waste liquid into methane gas. The method of methane gas by fermentation according to the present invention is to mix the methane fermentation agent into anti-flinder rock of a predetermined particle size,
L! We made this into a methane fermentation bioreactor,
This method mainly generates metal gas by flowing wastewater into the anti-flinder layer. To carry out the method of the invention,
- Although it is possible to use a practical anaerobic wastewater treatment equipment board or equipment used for methane fermentation, it is also possible to use a practical anaerobic wastewater treatment equipment board or equipment used for methane fermentation. , as shown in Figure '47, the predetermined distance 1<g-
- FF1J of the anti-flame stone 9 (waiting for one side of SO) into the reaction i10, and methane is emitted into this anti-flame stone 9! The I river is mixed with the water, and the waste water is flowed into the reaction tower 1゜ through the lower end inlet 10& by the pump 11 and discharged from the upper end outlet 10b, and the generated methane gas is discharged from the upper end of the reaction tower 10. It is preferable to use a device configured to take out the gas from the gas outlet 10a.

In FIG. 1, the reference numeral 12 indicates a round-shaped hot tub which supplies dl to the reaction tower 10.

In addition, in order to obtain good nucleation at the above-mentioned loading, it is important that the above-mentioned reaction column be of R4 construction as briefly described. That is, as shown in Figure 42, anti-Lca
410 is the ratio of height (L) to diameter (2R) (L/2
R) is set so that it has a cylindrical shape with / ~ = θ (preferably 5 ~ / θ), and the crushed stone below is set so that no one comes inside near the lower end entrance 10a of Ryo 10. Porous plate 1 for gold amount etc.
A conical inlet cover 13 consisting of 3a is provided,
It is necessary to set the radius (r) of the lower perforated plate 13a of the inlet cover 13 with respect to the radius (R) of the reaction column 10 so that rj/HL, Q, U~θ≠.

In addition, the reference numeral 10a in the figure indicates the 14-body (anti-flinder) replenishment port, 13b indicates the heater inside the inlet cover 13, and 14 indicates the completed anti-flinder layer 15.
16 shows a perforated plate such as a metal column used to hold down the upper end of the sump, and 16 indicates that the waste liquid cannot be discharged from the outer part of the upper end of the anti-flinder layer 15, but flows out from the perforated plate 14 and from the outlet 10b. This shows a downcomer that can be taken out to the outside. 9. In this reaction column 10, it is preferable that the lower part of the reaction column 10 has a conical angle of ≠5° with respect to the vertical plane of the inner wall surface. But that's fine.

In the above configuration, the crushing dimension of the anti-flinder stone 9 is set to 7 sides of g layer ~
For SO- setting, there is no problem in using crushed stone of gjI11 or less for the fermentation of methane gas itself, but
This is because if 1 liter of crushed stone of less than 50 g is used, the air/freezing rate in the reaction tower 10 will decrease too much, causing an obstruction to the passage of the generated gas inside. This is because if all of the crushed stone is used, the flat plate will be uniformly distributed in one pile.

The shape and dimensions of the t1 reaction tower 10 are determined by the height (L) and diameter (2
The reason why the ratio (L/2R) with R) is set to 1 to 2o is because (L/2R)
2R) is less than 1, it becomes difficult to maintain a uniform S velocity of the upward wastewater flow distributed in the diametrical direction, and when (L/2R) is 20 or more, it becomes difficult to maintain a uniform linear velocity. This is because although it is easier to maintain, the pumping energy required increases, making it difficult to cope with pumping costs and the strength of the reaction tower.

H,F when the mesh of the lower surface porous tm13a of the cover 13 is set to 4 to 1o! This is to prevent the anti-firestone 9 of the above 1'' method from entering the inlet cover 13, and if the mesh is less than 10 mesh, the flow of waste water will be smooth and there will be no problem.

Furthermore, half FM(r) of the lower perforated plate 13a of the inlet cover 13 and half 1 of the rsi-+5 column 1o! If the °41 system with (R) is set to Kr'n πR'-0,2~θ and set outside this range, the flow of fc wastewater flows into the reaction tower 10 from the inlet housing cover 13. This is because the values are not uniform.

In addition, in using the reaction tower 10, it is necessary to make the reaction tower 10- The average linear velocity at the 10 points of the reaction tower for the introduction of the Eclipse wastewater is / 00 m/
It is essential to have more than 300 hours per hour or more than 300 hours per hour. If the flow rate of this platform is -j, then if it is a reaction tower with 1 value and 2 islands, then when the linear velocity is 300 ymyhr, /yrt/hr
It turns out that one mission can be achieved with a very small amount of help.

[1 to 1 + l] The anti-firestone 9 that constitutes the present invention has countless porous holes 3 inside it, as in the same angle, and the water-bearing ions in water are almost neutral, and the ratio A strong, big new feature: If you don't attack &, it won't break. The crushed surface of this anti-firestone 9 is amorphous and uneven, and along with countless pores, it is a favorable environment for microbial growth and formation. Also, the methane-fermenting bacteria that were introduced into the pores of the anti-fire stone 9 would be consumed like the gel of the yarn.
I can use it stably. By using four such anti-firestones 9, the slope of the methane swamp fermentation connection in the reaction tower 10 is increased, the washout of the methane bodies is prevented, and the four objects are It is possible to increase the reaction rate per unit fathom f* of methanation and to produce methane effectively and economically.

The present invention will now be explained in more detail by way of Example-j.

``Oori Dodo/'' First, put anti-firestone crushed stone /l of - side g- / J III into a glass-made pressure-resistant cylinder of 4<a with a height of 1, and 1t0, and on the other hand, put it in a graduated cylinder of /l. Food Qll I f'f
Inject fc high-temperature methane fermentation waste liquid into Rγ Yadokoro Kuri and leave it for 30 minutes to sediment SS and fermentation containing high-temperature methane. I added the upper part of solution A to 00-. Pour this 700 L of high-temperature meth into the glass pressure-resistant culm 6, and reduce the pressure inside the pressure-resistant culm 6 to 700 Torr using a gauge pressure to release the air inside the flint-resistant stone. At the same time, the operation of fixing the high-temperature methane waste liquid inside was repeated 4 times twice. With this operation,
Nkfl) i/! Atsushi Glass Trout Pressure Resistance 4 each
Of these, the 4th pick is 10j and the crushed stones immersed in still warm methane waste liquid are sieved in this way to separate the waste liquid and crushed stones, and the separated crushed stones are thoroughly ice-cut. Crushed stone tK* HPO-i 0. Hiroa, K.H.
IPO470, / a 'included' c) Water @ liquid (buffer night>
During the 71st period, wash the water well, put it through a sieve, and
The operation of separating it from the evening meal was completed.

Seal this and set up the implementation equipment as shown in Figure 3.
．． Pump 18. pHJ control 19. Alkali +1i20.
Pump 21. Gas seal +122. The gas meter 23 is installed in the following manner. Sf
It is the same as the above-mentioned pH; I4 Shu4so 19I-i merchandising element, equipped with sensor metal fittings of p (Kei is made to flow in from 6 towers 10.

Also, p) (by the signal from the sensor, the pump 21 supplies alkaline water from the alkaline tank 20 to the side 19, and controls the pH balance of the water fed to the reaction tower 10. The gas generated in the reaction tower 10 7) Turn the gas tube 25 into the gas seal tank 22 and measure the generated tt using the gas meter 23.Meanwhile, the pH control solution is sent to the reaction tower 10 by the liquid circulation pump 11. .

The pump 18 continuously supplies the culture medium, and continuously generates methane gas from the aphrodisiac contained in the culture medium.In addition, the pump 18 transfers the culture medium from the culture medium tank 17 to the reaction tower 10, and After the reaction is completed, the waste water is discharged out of the system by a pump 18. In addition, the reaction tower 10 of this implementation waste I# is made of acrylic and has a height of 7! ; 0 brewing, 4 f (in v) sowm, 90 Konomata 6 In the tower 10, fill the Goo-T culture medium with 1 person, wash the above and fill with FC crushed stone, and then add the pH cooking tank 19 and each other. A 500-liter culture medium was added to the inside of the pipe, etc., and the composition of the medium was 10 liters of grape vine, 0 liters of ammonium sulfate.

ME SO4・7HxO; 0.5y + Fe 5
017H*0;0. /y, NiiHPO, iθg #,
KH-P O4iθ2- and yeast extract; θ10f
I found the rth solution in d/l of water.

&4't, use IN Na0Ht to adjust pH to 7≠: 4
Seed, 1 item 1f: 53°C
did.

This 'omission' is shown in the No.
He said. /4'-Hitsuji's love gas beat is q, o g
t, ir, former house, a'r- of the methane gas in the gas, 4 degrees is ≠ and 5 to 53.0%. When the start/~ day is 1200-V or higher, then from the 3rd day, Kazuhiro 00.
~-tis.

-V? Showing 7 to also Gas Motosho, running from 1 to Chi's Bus
Using Well's formula to measure glucose in a carbon bowl, the gas yield is 16%, which is a trap.

[, Pickling 6 times yl 2 J r111 [Actual power ml/J] Using the same operation as the old one, I added l+2 river medium temperature methane fermentation (37
℃) l Kemi 700 company gold t ~ / 21 @ of anti-fire stone crushed stone penetrated C, Rin Lingke liquid brought in Iil and hard 7, cedar → Naru suppressed by 1 C Strength, -+ fl r'i Self 1 River-like folds: The pure L is immediately ≦ 10 @ Filled with others and transferred to the outer cylinder of the reaction tower 10 at 37 ° C IEA floor sequentially By joining together, P・H will be sent to 2 Hiro, and IS Nikmonren・
The culture medium that performs the original sequence is the same as ``Fire!
- Performed with NaOH.

The situation of gas generation during this period is shown in 51A.
The force generated and expected is γ05t, and the gas pressure is ≠ 3 ~ 5 ≠ θ%, and t0゛ is still hardened. The first day was 1200T.
%V or more, but on the third day Yurabaichi≠00~-Hiro5O
-V was shown. The gas yield was 973% when the total gas yield was calculated as 4 using Buswell's formula VC17t.

``Implementation sequence 3'' In the cup chronicle ``Implementation Reli/'', I used the 9th devil's reaction 10 as it was from the arrow day, and created a 5 meter methane gas generator using a fixed bed as an anti-fire stone body. He has changed his name over and over again. The medium is water/bath water/glucose;
/y, K*HPO4i 0. go
, KH-PO4:0.2a.

Mg, SOa ・7tI*Oi 0.3 s, Fe
SO4'7'HmOiO, 7g and r9 mother extract;
0. /II] Kawaj, IN-N a pH of the medium with OH
After keeping it in a tank for 2≠, /20"C, 10 minutes in the bacterium treatment.
I'll use what I got there. Bruises and cuts in reaction tower 10: 1c is 9
6amL, total volume including crushed stone is 720-±50m1
Adjust the base so that
4 ml was added under the conditions of (□aL/hr to IA) ±13 aj/min. The raw material wastewater discharge to the reaction tower 10 in 11 streams of reactor 2 and 1 liquid was 20 m/hr/hr.

Figure 6 shows the time course of gas generation for 1 PIJ of actual relaxation. Occurrence occurs, and this is common glucose gas @ King's approximately 70
% was 4, indicating that it was occurring stably.

``Efficacy of the Invention'' I would like to congratulate my friend on this invention.According to this invention, the anti-flinder carrier in which one methane element is crushed into the pores of the anti-flinder is a gel of M-sei'+Museito. Since it can be used without γ-depletion as in the case of methane fermentation in the reaction tower (6 r
4. 1st place for non-transferable copies) to prevent the leakage of the paintings by putting them in the river, and...
It is possible to increase the reaction rate per 4L of methanation of the Sanskrit proboscis, and to effectively and economically produce methane.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure tg1 is an outline of this coffin-shi brutality, Figure 41, Figure 2 is the same inkstone, and the main part of the sub-registration map, Figure 3 of Kaede is +dl: 曵C
A foot of fire 1. The gq diagram, a conjunctive diagram in which the tun is 1, is a graph showing the time course of gas generation in the first example of the Yuanminggao era. Figure g5 is a graph showing the time course of gas generation in implementation 191j of the same Part 2, and Figure 6 is a graph showing the time course of gas generation in the same Part 3 implementation.
fruit b* l+! Graph 71j4 showing the time course of gas generation in I is a diagram of conventional methane gas fermentation. 9... Anti-firestone, 10... Reaction tower, 10
a...1i Lower end entrance of the tower, 10b...
・Top end outlet of the reaction tower, 13...Inlet・
Cover, 13 B... Bottom perforated plate of in-red cover, L... Thinness of reaction tower, R...
...#-diameter of reaction tower, r...Inlet
The lower part of the cover is a 3-stencil version. Figure 2

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) Methane-fermenting bacteria are allowed to coexist and proliferate in flint-resistant layers of a predetermined particle size, this is used as a methane-fermenting bioreactor, and methane gas is produced by flowing wastewater into these flint-resistant layers. A method for producing methane gas by fermentation. (2) The inside of the reaction tower was filled with anti-flinder stones, methane-fermenting bacteria coexisted and multiplied in these anti-flinder stones, and wastewater was allowed to flow into the reaction tower from the waste water inlet provided at the bottom end of the reaction tower, and at the top end. A methane gas production device by fermentation, characterized in that methane gas is obtained by discharging treated water from a treated water outlet. (3) The size of the anti-flame stones filled in the reaction tower is 8 mm to 50 mm.
The apparatus for producing methane gas by fermentation according to claim 2, characterized in that the diameter has a diameter with one side of mm. (4) The apparatus for producing methane gas by fermentation according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the reaction tower is cylindrical. (5) Ratio (L/
2R) is set to 1 to 20, and a conical inlet cover consisting of a perforated plate with a lower surface of 4 to 10 mesh is provided inside the reaction column near the lower inlet, and the radius of the perforated plate on the lower surface of the inlet cover is (r) is set to be π_r^2/x_R^2=0.2 to 0.4 with respect to the radius (R) of the reaction tower, as set forth in claim 4. Methane gas production equipment by fermentation.