JPS61104289A - Vacuum exhaust system for fusion reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a vacuum evacuation system for a fusion reactor, and in particular to a vacuum evacuation system for a fusion reactor for recovering fuel and products evacuated from inside the fusion reactor. Regarding exhaust equipment.

[Background of the invention]

It is known that a conventional device is constructed by providing a vacuum exhaust device that mainly exhausts hydrogen isotopes and a vacuum exhaust device that mainly exhausts helium, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-128881. There is. This method uses separate exhaust devices to exhaust hydrogen isotopes and helium contained in the exhaust gas through condensation and adsorption, making it easy to separate and recover both, but it requires a large installation space near the fusion reactor. There were restrictions on increasing the capacity of vacuum pumping equipment.

A conventional vacuum evacuation device is shown in FIG.

A vacuum exhaust port 3 is provided surrounding the fusion reactor core plasma 1 and communicating with the vacuum vessel 2 to exhaust gas containing hydrogen isotopes and helium inside the vacuum vessel 2.

This vacuum exhaust port 3 is connected via a gate valve 15 to a trap 4 for removing water vapor, etc., and is further connected to a compound type Talio pump 19 via a gate valve 16, and is connected to a condensation panel 5.
The hydrogen isotope is condensed and exhausted, and the helium is stratified and exhausted by the adsorption panel 6. When not performing vacuum exhaust operation, use gate valve 1.
6 and gate valve 18 are closed, and each condenses separately.
The adsorbed hydrogen isotope and helium are heated and released, and the hydrogen isotope and helium are collected separately into a hydrogen isotope recovery tank 11 and a helium recovery tank 14, respectively. The entire system is covered with a glove box 26 for preventing exhaust gases from being released into the atmosphere from these exhaust gas recovery systems. Since the glove box 26 covers the hydrogen isotope recovery tank 11, helium recovery tank 14, etc., it requires a large installation space and reduces the efficiency of the vacuum exhaust system due to constraints on the layout of each device of the fusion reactor device. Methods such as reducing the exhaust capacity of the vacuum evacuation device or reducing the evacuation capacity of the evacuation device are being taken.

[Purpose of the invention]

An object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum evacuation device for a fusion reactor that can increase the capacity of the fusion reactor vacuum evacuation device and can separate and recover hydrogen isotopes as a fuel and helium as a product. be.

[Summary of the invention]

The gist of the present invention is to install a cryo-adsorption pump in the vicinity of a fusion reactor device, and to provide a combined type thalaio pump at a position away from the fusion reactor device. The vacuum exhaust from the fusion reactor is adsorbed and stored in a single-function cryo-adsorption pump. Since it has a single function, the pump can be made smaller and the size of the fusion reactor equipment can be reduced. Furthermore, when the cryo-adsorption pump is regenerated, hydrogen isotopes and helium released are separated and recovered using a combined cryo-pump.

[Embodiments of the invention]

It is generally believed that in a nuclear fusion reactor, the ultra-high temperature plasma of hydrogen isotopes used as fuel causes a nuclear fusion reaction, producing helium as a product.
Furthermore, in order to generate cleaner high-temperature plasma, it is common to provide large-capacity vacuum exhaust equipment to exhaust helium products and other impurities.

In order to increase the pumping efficiency, this vacuum pumping equipment
It will be installed near the fusion reactor. The hydrogen isotopes used as fuel contain radionuclides, and the entire fuel supply system to the remaining fusion reactor and exhaust system must be covered with glove boxes to ensure that these substances are never released outside the system. All possible measures are in place.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

A vacuum vessel 2 surrounds the fusion reactor core plasma 1 and communicates with the vacuum vessel 2 to contain hydrogen isotopes inside the vacuum vessel 2.
and a vacuum exhaust port 3 for exhausting gas containing helium.

This vacuum exhaust port 3 is connected via a gate valve 15 to a trap 4 that condenses and removes water vapor and the like at liquid nitrogen temperature.
Furthermore 1. Through the gate valve 16, a cryo-adsorption pump 7 which has a surface such as activated carbon that has high surface adsorption near the liquid helium temperature and adsorbs hydrogen isotopes and helium at the same time.
It is connected to a gate valve 8, a turbo molecular pump 9, and a rotary pump 10, which are closed during evacuation.

Vacuum exhaust port 3, gate valve 15, trap 4, gate valve 1
6, the cryo-adsorption pump 7, the gate valve 8, the turbomolecular pump 9, and the rotary pump 10 are covered by a glove box 17.

Furthermore, in the exhaust gas treatment chamber located away from the fusion reactor, there is a condensation panel 5 that mainly condenses hydrogen isotopes near the liquid helium temperature, and activated carbon, which has high surface adsorption properties at a temperature near the liquid helium temperature. Between the adsorption panel 6, the condensation panel 5, and the adsorption panel 6, which have a surface of A compound cryopump 19 consisting of a gate valve 18 is installed which separates both of the pumps 6 and 6, and communicates with the rotary pump 1o via a gate valve 20 and a double exhaust pipe 21.

Furthermore, the combined Talaiobump 19 is connected to the hydrogen isotope accumulation tank 11 via the gate valve 12 and the exhaust pump 13, and the helium recovery tank 14 is connected to the exhaust pump 22.
, are connected to the composite talion pump 19 via the gate valve 23. Composite Taraio Bonpu 19, gate valve 12, 20, 2
3. Exhaust pump 13, 22, hydrogen isotope recovery tank 1
1 and the helium recovery tank 14 are in the glove box 2.
Covered by 4.

Next, the operation of the evacuation device of this embodiment will be explained.

First, hydrogen isotopes, helium, and other impurities produced by a nuclear fusion reaction are guided from the inside of the vacuum vessel 2 through the vacuum exhaust duct 3 to the trap 4 . In this trap 4, water vapor and the like contained in the gas are condensed and removed at liquid nitrogen temperature, and in this state is introduced into the cryo-adsorption pump 7. Since the surface of the cryo-adsorption pump 7 is coated with activated carbon, etc., which has high surface adsorption properties near the temperature of liquid helium, hydrogen isotopes and helium are adsorbed at the same time, and in this state, the gate valve 8 is closed. Therefore, the hydrogen isotope and helium are mixed and sent to the cryo-adsorption pump 7.
Once stored. These stored exhaust gases close the gate valve 16 when the vacuum pumping operation is not performed, while leaving the other gate valves 8 and 20 open to heat and release the adsorbed exhaust gases. 110
% is transferred to the composite type Talio pump 19 through the double exhaust pipe 21. After this, mainly hydrogen isotopes are condensed in the condensation panel 5 under the temperature of liquid helium. In this state, the gate pulp 18 is open, and in the adsorption panel 6,
At the temperature of the liquid helium applied to the surface, helium is adsorbed by activated carbon, etc., which has high surface adsorption properties.

Of course, in this state, the gate valves 12 and 23 are closed, so helium and hydrogen isotopes are adsorbed and condensed on the adsorption panel 6 and the condensation pump 5 and stored.

Addition of exhaust gas adsorbed to the cryo-adsorption pump 7
.

Thermal release continues until almost all of the adsorbed exhaust gas is transferred to the composite cryopump 19, and when the transfer is completed, the heating of the cryoadsorption pump 7 is stopped and the adsorbed exhaust gas is cooled again to the liquid helium temperature. Ru.

When the heating stops, the gate valves 8 and 20 are closed, the other gate valves 12 and 23 are opened, and the gate pulp 18 is opened.
By closing the condensation panel 5 and adsorption panel 6, the condensation panel 5 and the adsorption panel 6 are separately condensed and adsorbed hydrogen isotopes,
and helium are heated and released, and the hydrogen isotope and helium are recovered separately into the hydrogen isotope recovery tank 11 and the helium recovery tank 14, respectively.

In this way, at the stage where exhaust gas is transferred and collected, in the unlikely event that
In preparation for the case where exhaust gas is released into the atmosphere from the exhaust gas collection system protector 25 for some reason, the interiors of the glove boxes 17 and 24 are maintained at a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure. When exhaust gas is released into the glove box, an exhaust gas detector and a released exhaust gas collection system (not shown) are used to detect and collect the exhaust gas to ensure that no radionuclides are released outside the system.

According to this embodiment, the glove box of the evacuation device installed near the fusion reactor is miniaturized, restrictions on the installation layout are relaxed, and the exhaust capacity of the evacuation device can be increased.

Furthermore, the hydrogen isotope used as a fuel and the helium product used as a fuel are stored separately in separate vacuum pumping equipment and can be recovered separately, so the hydrogen isotope used as a fuel can be disposed of at the same time as the helium. Since there is no need to do so, hydrogen isotopes can be reused as fuel, improving the fuel utilization rate and making it economical.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, it is possible to downsize the vacuum evacuation equipment near the fusion reactor, thereby increasing the vacuum evacuation capacity, and simultaneously disposing of hydrogen isotopes and helium. There is no need to do this, and the fuel can be reused, making it more economical.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of the vacuum evacuation device of the present invention employed in a nuclear fusion reactor, and FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a conventional vacuum evacuation device employed in a nuclear fusion reactor. 1... Core plasma, 2... Vacuum vessel, 3... Vacuum exhaust boat, 4... Trap, 5... Condensation channel, 6... Stratified channel, 7... Cryo adsorption Pump, 8, 12° 15.16, 20.23...Gate valve, 1
7,24゜26...Glove box, 19...Combined cryopump.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a vacuum evacuation device for a nuclear fusion reactor that generates energy and helium by causing a nuclear fusion reaction inside a vacuum vessel using a hydrogen isotope as fuel, the hydrogen isotope is extracted from inside the vacuum vessel. , and a primary cryopump that exhausts the gas in a mixed state through a vacuum exhaust port that exhausts the helium-containing gas, and a secondary exhaust device that exhausts the gas mainly the hydrogen isotope. A vacuum exhaust system for a nuclear fusion reactor characterized by the following. 2. The secondary exhaust device is a composite cryopump comprising a condensation panel that mainly exhausts the hydrogen isotope and an adsorption panel that mainly exhausts helium. Vacuum exhaust system for a fusion reactor.