JPS609453A - Preparation of silage - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce silage having high quality and storable for a long period, by putting green fodder together with a bag containing an oxygen absorbent and a bag containing a CO2 absorbent in a sealable container or bag, sealing the container, etc., and subjecting the fodder to lactic fermentation. CONSTITUTION:An oxygen absorbent A composed of 1pt.vol. of an oxygen absorbent (e.g. cathechol) and 1-10pts.vol. of a mixture of a coarse filler having particle diameter of 0.5-5mm. and a fine filler having particle size of finer than 100 mesh, is filled in the part 10 of an air-permeable bag, and a CO2 absorbent B (e.g. CaO) having particle diameter of 1-10mm. is filled in the part 20 connected via the connection part 3 to the part 10. Green fodder having a water-content of 60-70wt% and the above air-permeable bag are put into a sealable container or bag optionally together with lactic bacteria, sealed, and subjected to the lactic fermentation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing silage from green crop feed.

Conventionally, in order to obtain plant feed for storage, it has been widely practiced to pack green plant feed into a silo, apply pressure, and leave it for a certain period of time to cause lactic acid fermentation to produce silage (Si Q age). . However, in this conventional method using a silo, there are problems in degassing the carbon dioxide gas generated in the silo, and it is difficult to maintain the inside of the silo in an anaerobic state, making it extremely difficult to obtain high-quality silage. It is a cone, and the long-term storage of the obtained silage is a cone, which causes problems such as deterioration during storage.

The present inventors have completed the present invention as a result of intensive research to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks in conventional silage production.

That is, according to the present invention, green cropped plant feed is filled and sealed together with an oxygen absorbent-filled bag and a carbon dioxide absorbent-filled bag in a sealed container or bag, and lactic acid fermentation is carried out in the container or bag. A method for producing silage is provided.

In the present invention, a well-sealed container or bag is preferably employed as the xyrage production means.

In this case, the container or bag is usually made of plastic, and preferably a hermetically sealed container or bag made of synthetic resin such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, or polypropylene. be done.

Moreover, a conventional silo can also be applied as the silage manufacturing means.

In the present invention, an oxygen absorbent filling bag and a deoxidizing gas absorbent filling bag are used as auxiliary means in silage production. An explanatory view of an oxygen absorbent bag and a carbon dioxide absorbent bag used in the present invention is shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1(a) is an explanatory plan view thereof, and FIG. 1(b) is an explanatory cross-sectional view thereof. In FIG. 1, 1 indicates a connected body in which the bag 10 filled with oxygen absorbent A and the bag 20 filled with carbon dioxide absorbent B are connected, and 3 indicates the connecting part. Further, the shaded area 2 shown in FIG. 1 indicates a sealing area (adhesive area).

In such a connected body of an oxygen absorbent filling bag and a carbon dioxide absorbent filling bag, the material of the bag may be paper, a laminate of perforated polyfilm and paper, or
The packaging material disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 7, which is made by laminating and bonding two types of porous plastic films with paper interposed therebetween, is used.

In addition, as the oxygen absorbent A, various conventionally known ones,
For example, in addition to those made of iron powder and metal halides, iron powder whose surface is coated with metal halides, and those whose main ingredients are catechol and oxygen-absorbing organic substances such as ascorbic acid hydrosulfide 1~. Applicable. A particularly preferred oxygen absorber used in the present invention is a mixture of a coarse filler and a fine filler per 1 volume part of iron powder or iron powder plus a metal halide, preferably a nail portion of 1 to 10 parts. 3
~5 parts by volume. in this case,
As the filler, natural or synthetic fillers such as zeolite, activated carbon, perlite, talc, kaolin, silica, alumina, and sepiolyte are used, and the particle size of the coarse filler is preferably 0.5 to 5 mm. 1-3 mm, whereas the particle size of the v1 powder filler is less than 100 mesh, usually around 100-200 mesh. The moisture content of this mixture of coarse filler and fine powder filler is 10% by weight or less,
The content is preferably about 8% by weight or less to make it difficult for the oxygen absorbent to react in air. The oxygen absorbent made of iron powder and filler has the following advantages.

(1) When iron powder alone reacts with oxygen in the air in the presence of moisture, it solidifies into lumps and the ventilation into the interior deteriorates.

Although the oxygen absorption ability is inhibited, since a large amount of filler is added to the oxygen absorbent, solidification due to mutual bonding of iron powder is prevented.

(2) The oxygen absorption reaction by iron powder is promoted by the presence of an appropriate amount of moisture, but in the case of the oxygen absorbent mentioned above, due to the lack of moisture, the oxygen absorption reaction is extremely slow in the atmosphere. When placed in a sealed space with green plant feed, its oxygen absorption reaction is significantly accelerated by the moisture from the plant feed.

As the carbon dioxide absorbent used in the present invention, alkaline solid substances such as soda lime or metal hydroxides and metal oxides are generally used.
It has been found that quicklime (Cab) with a particle size of the order of 1-10 mm, preferably 2-5 mm gives good results. Finely powdered calcium hydroxide, which is commonly used as a carbon dioxide absorbent, absorbs moisture in a closed space with high humidity and turns into a lumpy solid, impairing the ventilation inside and reducing the amount of carbon dioxide. Gas absorption capacity is significantly inhibited. On the other hand, in the case of coarse granular quicklime, such inhibition of the carbon dioxide absorption reaction is unlikely to occur, and it exhibits good carbon dioxide absorption ability under high humidity.

In a connected body of an oxygen absorbent filling bag and a carbon dioxide absorbent filling bag as shown in the drawings used in the present invention, the filling capacity of the carbon dioxide absorbent is usually the same or larger than that of the oxygen absorbent. Therefore, when using a carbon dioxide absorbent with an open base or higher, a carbon dioxide gas-filled bag can be further connected. An example of this case is shown in FIG. In addition, this connected body is made in advance by making a large number of oxygen absorbent filling bags and carbon dioxide absorbent filling bags connected in series, and then used by cutting and separating the required number at the site. You can also do that. FIG. 3 shows an example of a continuous connection of a large number of oxygen absorbent filled bags and carbon dioxide absorbent filler. In FIG. 3, dashed lines indicate perforations for cutting.

The above-described connected body of an oxygen absorbent filling bag and a carbon dioxide absorbent filling bag used in the present invention has oxygen absorption capacity and carbon dioxide absorption capacity necessary for silage production adjusted in advance to an appropriate range. 2. When used as such a connected body, the oxygen absorbent filling bag and the carbon dioxide absorbent filling bag can be simultaneously filled into a sealable container or bag in one filling or by one filling machine. It is very efficient because it can be filled.

The oxygen absorbent filling bag and carbon dioxide absorbent filling bag of the present invention are
As described above, it is preferable that a connected body is formed, but it is not necessarily necessary to form a connected body, and both can be put into a container or bag individually.

To carry out the present invention, the green crop feed is filled into a sealable container or bag together with the oxygen absorbent filling bag and carbon dioxide absorbent filling bag, and the bag is sealed.

In this case, the green plant feed may be any feed that provides silage, such as those used for conventional silos, such as grasses, sugarcane stalk tips (sugar cane whelks) , corn stover, etc. are applied. Plant feed packed into sealed containers or bags in this way undergoes lactic acid fermentation to give silage, as in the case of conventional silos, but in this case, compared to conventional silage production, the amount of carbon dioxide gas is reduced. Removal and formation and maintenance of anaerobic conditions can be carried out efficiently, and the resulting silage is of excellent quality. Furthermore, the produced silage can be stored for a long period of time, for example, 6 months or more, by storing it in a container or bag together with an oxygen absorbent-filled bag and a carbon dioxide absorbent-filled bag. Can maintain high quality.

To explain in more detail about the production of silage according to the present invention, the green cut plant feed can be used as it is, or if the moisture content is too high, it can be dried to an appropriate moisture content (60 to 70% by weight), and then, if necessary, It is cut to an appropriate length, for example, about 1 to 20 cm, for easy filling. After this plant feed is compressed by appropriate pressure, it is filled into a suitable container or bag together with the oxygen absorbent filling bag and the carbon dioxide absorbent filling bag. Plant feed filled in this way is
Due to the oxygen breathing effect, the oxygen concentration in the sealed space decreases. Furthermore, since the inside of the sealed space becomes highly humid due to water vapor evaporating from the plant feed, the oxygen absorbent also gradually exhibits its effect, and the oxygen concentration also decreases due to the action of the oxygen absorbent. In this way, the oxygen concentration within the honeymoon space is reduced to 10% or less, and lactic acid fermentation of the plant feed is initiated. In this case, lactic acid bacteria can be added to promote lactic acid fermentation, if necessary. In the case of the present invention, unlike conventional silage manufacturing methods, an oxygen absorbent filling bag is enclosed, so that the anaerobic conditions necessary for lactic acid fermentation are quickly established. On the other hand, when lactic acid fermentation starts, carbon dioxide gas is generated accordingly, but in this case, unlike in the case of conventional silage production, there is no carbon dioxide gas in the container or bag.
Since a bag filled with carbon dioxide gas absorbent is included, carbon dioxide gas is smoothly removed. That is, in the case of the present invention, the carbon dioxide absorbent, such as quicklime, easily absorbs carbon dioxide gas due to the action of high humidity formed in the sealed space, and the accumulation of carbon dioxide gas in the container or bag is prevented.

In this way, in the container or bag, the plant feed is
It is fermented with lactic acid and converted into silage very efficiently and without any disadvantages.

In the case of the present invention, the silage produced as described above is maintained in extremely high quality for a long period of time as long as it is kept in a sealed container or bag. This cannot be achieved with conventional methods and is one of the major advantages of the present invention. That is, in the case of the present invention, the oxygen concentration in the sealed space is 1% due to the action of the oxygen absorbent.
Since the silage is kept below Jt and the silage is kept acidic (approximately 4 or below 211), oxidative deterioration and mold growth are not observed in the silage. According to the research conducted by the present inventors, it has been confirmed that the quality does not deteriorate even after storage for more than 6 months.

The present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, and unlike the conventional silage production method using a silo, it is possible to produce high-quality silage extremely easily and efficiently, and the produced silage can be stored in a container or bag. By storing it in a sealed container, its quality can be maintained for a long period of time.

Therefore, for livestock farmers and dairy farmers, the significance of the present invention is that silage can be made and stored when plant feed is plentiful, and when feed is scarce, it can be taken out of sealed containers or bags and fed to livestock. It can be said to be extremely large.

Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

Example: A high-pressure polyethylene bag having a thickness of 20 μm, a diameter of 65 cm, and a length of 130 cm+ was prepared. On the other hand, cut off the cane 1 ~ whelk (the tip of the sugar rust stem) and dry it to reduce the moisture content to about 60%.
It was adjusted to about 70%. This material was cut into pieces about 3 cm in length, 30 kg of which was compressed and filled into the high-pressure polyethylene bag, and at the same time, an iron powder-based oxygen absorber (oxygen absorption capacity = about 60 mm) was filled in bag 1. 2 bags filled with carbon dioxide absorbent made of coarse quicklime (carbon dioxide absorption capacity = approximately 320)
After filling the high-pressure polyethylene bag with the connected pieces, the open part of the high-pressure polyethylene bag was tied twice with rubber string and sealed.

Comparative Example 1 An experiment was conducted in the same manner as in the previous example except that the oxygen absorbent filling bag was not used.

Comparative Example 2 An experiment was conducted in the same manner as in the previous example except that the bag filled with the carbon dioxide absorbent was not used.

The properties of the sealed bag as described above were evaluated as follows.

(1) 15th day after experiment] The bag of Comparative Example 2 was filled with carbon dioxide gas and was on the verge of bursting, so a piece of rubber sheet was pasted on the surface of the bag, and the piece of rubber sheet was The injection side was inserted through the inside of the bag, and the carbon dioxide gas inside was extracted.

Thereafter, by removing carbon dioxide gas in the same manner every week, it was possible to avoid the bag from bursting. In the case of Example and Comparative Example 1, such remarkable expansion of the bag due to carbon dioxide gas was not observed, and the carbon dioxide gas was absorbed smoothly by the carbon dioxide absorbent.

(2) 50 days after the experiment “1 The oxygen concentration inside each bag was measured. The results are shown below.

Bag of tl　”’/j, i degree -〇　- Example 0.3 Comparative example 1 3.0 Comparative example 2 0.3 (3) 90 days after the experiment The oxygen concentration inside each bag was measured. The results are shown below.

Example 0.3 Comparative Example 1 5.0 Comparative Example 2 0.4 Next, the container bag was opened, the obtained silage was taken out from inside the bag, and the pH value of the silage surface was Its properties were observed. The results are shown below.

(i) The pH of the surface of the example silage was approximately 3.7, and the silage had a pleasant odor characteristic of silage. Therefore, according to this example, modern lactic acid fermentation was carried out, and the oxygen concentration was maintained at 1% or less by the action of the oxygen absorber, so that the quality of the silage was maintained well for a long period of time. It was confirmed that

(11) Comparative Example 1 The pill on the surface of the silage was about 4.4, and the surface of each leaf in the silage felt slimy and had a bad odor. In the case of Comparative Example 1, as described above, the oxygen concentration was also as high as about 5%, and the quality of the silage was likely to deteriorate. The high oxygen concentration is due to oxygen entering the bag through the polyethylene bag, and is due to the fact that an oxygen absorbent was not used in combination.

(iii) Comparative Example 2 The surface pl+ of the silage was about 4.0, and the odor of the silage was also good. However, in this case,
As mentioned above, it is necessary to remove carbon dioxide gas several times, and if this carbon dioxide gas is not removed, it is thought that the bag will burst.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a connected body of an oxygen absorbent filling bag and a carbon dioxide absorbent filling bag, and FIG. 1(a) is an explanatory plan view thereof;
FIG. 1(b) is an explanatory cross-sectional view thereof. FIG. 2 is an explanatory plan view of a connected body of one oxygen absorbent filling bag and two carbon dioxide absorbent filling bags. FIG. 3 is a plan view of a connected body in which a large number of oxygen absorbent filled bags and a large number of carbon dioxide absorbent filled bags are connected. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Connecting body of oxygen absorbent filling bag and carbon dioxide absorbent filling bag, 2... Sealing part (adhesive part), 3... Connecting part, 10... Oxygen absorbent filling bag part, 20 ... Carbon dioxide absorbent filling bag part, A... Oxygen absorbent, 13... Carbon dioxide absorbent. Patent Applicant: Chiang Dao Ren, Department 4 (and 1 other person) Representative Patent Attorney: Toshiaki Ikeura Figure 1 (a) (b)

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Production of silage characterized by filling and sealing green cropped plant feed together with an oxygen absorbent filling bag and a carbon dioxide absorbent filling bag in a sealable container or bag, and performing lactic acid fermentation in the container or bag. Method. (2) The method according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen absorbent filling bag and the carbon dioxide absorbent filling bag form a connected body. (3) The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carbon dioxide absorbent is granular quicklime.