JPS6084771A - Flat type battery - Google Patents
Flat type batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6084771A JPS6084771A JP58150820A JP15082083A JPS6084771A JP S6084771 A JPS6084771 A JP S6084771A JP 58150820 A JP58150820 A JP 58150820A JP 15082083 A JP15082083 A JP 15082083A JP S6084771 A JPS6084771 A JP S6084771A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- battery
- circuit board
- serves
- current collector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/133308—Support structures for LCD panels, e.g. frames or bezels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1345—Conductors connecting electrodes to cell terminals
- G02F1/13452—Conductors connecting driver circuitry and terminals of panels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
- H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
- H01M6/12—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid with flat electrodes
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、平板形電池と液晶パネルを直列又は並列に重
ね合わせて一体化し、外装材表面の両方もしくは片方を
回路基板と兼用させた、平板形電池に関するものである
。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a flat plate battery and a liquid crystal panel that are integrated by stacking them in series or parallel, and in which both or one of the surfaces of the exterior material is used as a circuit board. It is related to batteries.
本発明は、電池の上下又は左右に液晶パネル、回路基板
を複合化して、各々の部品体積を集約化するものでちる
。The present invention combines liquid crystal panels and circuit boards on the top and bottom or left and right sides of a battery, thereby consolidating the volume of each component.
従来技術
近年、携帯用電子機器の“軽薄短小”化が進み電源、回
路基板、駆動用ＩＣ１液晶パネルの一体化が必至である
。電源を平板形電池として、液晶パネルと一体化させる
ことにより、従来の１／２のデッドスペースにすること
が可能であり、液晶パネルを含めた平板形電池がフレキ
シブルであるためロール状に巻き出し、ラミイード後に
巻き取る大量生産方式が可能であるという利点を持って
いる。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, portable electronic devices have become "lighter, thinner, and smaller" and it is inevitable that a power source, a circuit board, and a driving IC1 liquid crystal panel be integrated. By using a flat battery as the power source and integrating it with the liquid crystal panel, it is possible to reduce the dead space to half of the conventional one, and since the flat battery including the liquid crystal panel is flexible, it can be rolled out. , it has the advantage of being able to be mass-produced by winding it up after lamination.
従来、液晶パネルト薄型電池全並列又は直列に配置して
コンパクト化させた回路基板はあるが、平板形電池の片
面を液晶パネルの反射板と兼用化させ、外装材の表面の
両方もしくは片方を回路基板と兼用化させた電池は市販
されていない。又従来の欠点として、デッドスペースが
大きいことや、電池と液晶パネルが接近して組み込まね
ばならないため、回路基板上への取付がむずかしく、又
接着剤を使用するため電気的接続が不良となりやすく回
路の信頼性が悪くなるなどが生じていた。Conventionally, there are circuit boards that are made more compact by arranging LCD panels and thin batteries all in parallel or in series, but one side of the flat battery can also be used as a reflector for the LCD panel, and both or one of the surfaces of the exterior material can be used as a circuit board. There are no commercially available batteries that can be used as a board. Also, disadvantages of the conventional method are that it has a large dead space, that it is difficult to mount it on the circuit board because the battery and the liquid crystal panel must be installed close together, and because adhesive is used, electrical connections are likely to fail. The reliability of the system deteriorated.
発明の目的
本発明は、従来の欠点を改良すると共に、生産性の高い
電池、液晶パネル、回路基板からなるユニットヲ提供す
るものである。OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a unit consisting of a battery, a liquid crystal panel, and a circuit board that improves the drawbacks of the prior art and is highly productive.
実施例 以下、不発８Ａｔ実施例に基すいて説明する。Example The following is a description based on an unexploded 8At example.
実施例１゜
第１図において１はポリエステルを基材として両側にＡ
Ｉｆ−７ミネート、又は印刷した回路基板を兼ねる３層
からなる集電板２は二酸化マンガンを活物質とする正極
、５はセパレータ、４はリチウムを活物質とする負極、
５は、Ａｔからなり反射板を兼ねる集電体、６はポリア
ミド樹脂からなる接着剤であり、１から６までが電池ユ
ニット１７を構成している。一方、７から１６までは、
液晶ユニット１８を構成している。７は下偏向板、８は
ポリエステルシートを基材とする下透明フィルム、９は
透明電極、１０は液晶、１１はスペーサー、１２は８と
同材質の上透明フィルム、１３は上偏向板である。又入
力、出力端子１４は印刷され７（Ａｔパターンの上に金
メッキが施されている。本実施例では、電池ユニットと
液晶パネルを分離して組立て、最後に７の下偏向板と５
の集電板を熱圧着する方法をとることにより、両ユニッ
トの組立時の不良を最小限に抑えることが出来る。Example 1゜In Figure 1, 1 is made of polyester and has A on both sides.
The current collector plate 2, which is made up of three layers and also serves as an If-7 laminated or printed circuit board, has a positive electrode made of manganese dioxide as an active material, 5 a separator, 4 a negative electrode made of lithium as an active material,
5 is a current collector made of At and also serves as a reflection plate; 6 is an adhesive made of polyamide resin; 1 to 6 constitute a battery unit 17; On the other hand, from 7 to 16,
It constitutes a liquid crystal unit 18. 7 is a lower deflection plate, 8 is a lower transparent film based on a polyester sheet, 9 is a transparent electrode, 10 is a liquid crystal, 11 is a spacer, 12 is an upper transparent film made of the same material as 8, and 13 is an upper deflection plate. . In addition, the input and output terminals 14 are printed and gold plated on the 7 (At pattern). In this embodiment, the battery unit and the liquid crystal panel are assembled separately, and finally the lower deflection plate 7 and the 5
By using a method of thermocompression bonding the current collector plates, defects during assembly of both units can be minimized.
次に組立工程について述べる。Next, we will discuss the assembly process.
市販のＶｔＭｔ酸化マンガンにカーボンブラックを導電
剤、テフロン粉末を結着剤として添加し、ジメトキシエ
タン音訓えて混合スラリーを作る。各配合比は、二酸化
マンガン２３Ｍ量チ、カーボンブラック７％、テフロン
１．５％、ジメトキシエタン６ ａｓｐである。この混
合スラリーを１の回路基板を兼ねる集電板のＡｌ、ラミ
ネートされた面を上面として、その上に塗布して乾燥す
る。Carbon black is added as a conductive agent and Teflon powder is added as a binder to commercially available VtMt manganese oxide, and dimethoxyethane is added to make a mixed slurry. The blending ratios were 23M manganese dioxide, 7% carbon black, 1.5% Teflon, and 6 asp dimethoxyethane. This mixed slurry is applied onto the current collector plate 1, which also serves as a circuit board, with the laminated surface facing upward, and then dried.
一方、外周わくにポリアミド樹脂を塗布したアクリル不
織布からなるセパレータ３（厚さ０．０５ 間）全準備
する。次に、液晶パネルの反射板を兼ねる集電板５の片
面に、リチウムシー）（３５ａｉＸ７０龍ｘ ｏ、 ｏ
ｓ寵厚）を圧オｆした後に、正極を塗布した集電体１
とセパレータ３と、リチウム全圧着した集電体５と全重
ね合わせて、炭酸プロピレン：ジメトキシエタン（１：
１）に支持塩を加えた電解液を注入して最後に抵抗加熱
方式によって外周部を１５０〜２００℃で加熱圧着して
封止全行なう。このようにして平板形電池（８４ｇｉＸ
５４龍Ｘα４龍厚）のユニツＩｆ作Ｍ１−る。ただし、
回路基板を兼ねる集電体１の長さは、５４１１ＷＸ１０
０１１Ｂである。On the other hand, a separator 3 (0.05 mm thick) made of acrylic nonwoven fabric whose outer periphery is coated with polyamide resin is fully prepared. Next, on one side of the current collector plate 5, which also serves as a reflection plate of the liquid crystal panel, a lithium sheet (35aiX70Ryu x o, o
Current collector 1 coated with a positive electrode after being pressed off
, separator 3, and current collector 5 to which lithium was fully crimped, and propylene carbonate: dimethoxyethane (1:
In step 1), an electrolytic solution containing a supporting salt is injected, and finally the outer periphery is heat-pressed at 150 to 200° C. using a resistance heating method to complete the sealing. In this way, a flat plate battery (84giX
54 Ryu however,
The length of the current collector 1 that also serves as a circuit board is 5411WX10
It is 011B.
一方、液晶パネルは、偏光板をラミネートしたポリエス
テルを基材とする透明フィルムに透明電極を蒸着し、対
向方向に重ね合わせ、スペーサーで仮封止して、液晶全
注入した後、注入孔を封止する。完成した電池ユニット
と液晶ユニットは、どちらも７レキシプルなフィルム状
であるので、−たんロール状に巻きとり、その後電池の
集電体５と、液晶パネルの偏向板７との面？、加圧接着
方式により接着することができる。On the other hand, liquid crystal panels are made by vapor-depositing transparent electrodes on a polyester-based transparent film laminated with a polarizing plate, stacking them in opposite directions, temporarily sealing them with spacers, and then sealing the injection holes after all the liquid crystal is injected. Stop. The completed battery unit and liquid crystal unit are both in the form of a 7-lexiple film, so they are rolled up into a roll, and then the current collector 5 of the battery and the polarizing plate 7 of the liquid crystal panel are connected to each other. , can be bonded by pressure bonding method.
このようにして得られた電池＋液晶ユニットの上平面図
ｔ−Ｍ２図に示し、下半面図を第３囚に示すＯ
実施例２
第４図において１５は、ポリエステルを基材として内面
にチタンを２ミネートし、外面にＡｔ全印刷した５層か
らなる外装材であり、内面の電池対向面で集を板、液晶
パネル対向面で反射板金それぞれ兼用すると共に、外表
面はＡｔ十全金メツキらなる回路基板を兼用している。The top plan view of the battery + liquid crystal unit thus obtained is shown in Figure t-M2, and the lower half view is shown in Figure 3. It is an exterior material consisting of 5 layers, which is fully printed with At on the outer surface.The inner surface facing the battery serves as a collector plate, and the surface facing the LCD panel serves as a reflective sheet metal, and the outer surface is fully gold-plated with At. It also serves as a circuit board.
電池ユニット１７について説ＢＡ−ｒると２は二酸化マ
ンガンを活物質とする正極、３はセパレータ、４ａは亜
鉛を活物質とする負極、１６は、Ａｌの集電体６はポリ
アミド樹脂からなる接着剤である。次に液晶ユニット１
８について説明すると、７は下偏向板、８はポリエステ
ルを基板とする下透明フィルム、９は、透明電極、１０
は液晶、１１はスペーサー、１２は８と同材質の上透明
フィルム、１３は上偏向板である。Regarding the battery unit 17, BA-r indicates that 2 is a positive electrode made of manganese dioxide as an active material, 3 is a separator, 4a is a negative electrode made of zinc as an active material, 16 is an Al current collector 6 is an adhesive made of polyamide resin. It is a drug. Next, LCD unit 1
To explain 8, 7 is a lower polarizing plate, 8 is a lower transparent film with a polyester substrate, 9 is a transparent electrode, and 10
1 is a liquid crystal, 11 is a spacer, 12 is an upper transparent film made of the same material as 8, and 13 is an upper deflection plate.
次に組立方法について述べる。Next, the assembly method will be described.
電池正極は、市販の電解二酸化マンガンにカーボンブラ
ックとポリビニルアルコール全添加し、塩化亜鉛水浴液
（４８％濃置装ヲ加えて混合スラリ−を作る。各組成比
は、二酸化マンガン２３重量％、カーボンブラック７９
ｂ、ポリビニルアルコール１，５％、塩化亜鉛水溶液６
８．５ ％である。この混合スジ＋７−ｉ１５の回路基
板を兼ねる集電板のＡｊラミネートされた面上に５５ｍ
ＲＸ７０韻×１．７龍厚に塗布して乾燥する。負極は、
集電体１６の片面に、フレーク状微粉末汞化亜鉛（平均
粒径１９〜１．５μｍ）’に用い、有効並鉛分７４重１
１％、ヒドロキシエヂルセルロース０．５％からなるス
ラリーを３５朋×７０關ｘ Ｏ，０６朋厚に塗布。The battery positive electrode is made by adding carbon black and polyvinyl alcohol to commercially available electrolytic manganese dioxide, and then adding a zinc chloride water bath solution (48% by weight) to make a mixed slurry.The composition ratio is 23% by weight of manganese dioxide, 23% by weight of carbon black 79
b, polyvinyl alcohol 1.5%, zinc chloride aqueous solution 6
8.5%. This mixed stripe +7-i15 is 55m long on the Aj laminated surface of the current collector plate that also serves as the circuit board.
Apply RX70 rhyme x 1.7 dragon thickness and dry. The negative electrode is
One side of the current collector 16 is coated with flake-like finely powdered zinc oxide (average particle size 19 to 1.5 μm), with an effective average lead content of 74 parts by weight.
A slurry consisting of 1% hydroxyethyl cellulose and 0.5% hydroxyethyl cellulose was applied to a thickness of 35 mm x 70 mm x 0.06 mm thick.
した後乾燥する。一方、外周わくにポリアミド樹脂を塗
布したアクリル不織布からなる七ノ々レータ３（厚さ０
．０５雇）を作製する。次に、正極を塗布した集電板１
５と、セパレータ６と＋Ｘね合わせて、更に塩化亜鉛を
主とする電解液を少量注入した後、負極全塗布した集電
板１２を重ねて、外周縁部全加熱圧着して封止全行なう
。次に、集電体１５の電池と同じ面に、偏向板７と透明
電極付けした透明フィルム８とラミネートし、更に、ス
ペーサー１１と、外装材を兼ねる透明電極付けした透明
フィルム１２を接着し、スペーサー１１につけられたｌ
ＪＳ穴より液晶１０ケ注入した後、インジウムボールな
どで小穴を・封止して、液晶パネルとする。尚、透明フ
ィルムの液晶表示部分には、土偶向板１６を接着する。Then dry. On the other hand, the outer frame is made of acrylic nonwoven fabric coated with polyamide resin (thickness 0
．． 05 employment) is created. Next, the current collector plate 1 coated with the positive electrode
5 and the separator 6 by +X, and after injecting a small amount of an electrolyte mainly containing zinc chloride, stack the current collector plate 12 coated with the negative electrode, and heat and press the entire outer periphery to complete the sealing. . Next, on the same side of the current collector 15 as the battery, a deflection plate 7 and a transparent film 8 with a transparent electrode attached thereto are laminated, and a spacer 11 and a transparent film 12 with a transparent electrode attached that also serves as an exterior material are adhered. l attached to spacer 11
After injecting 10 pieces of liquid crystal through the JS holes, the small holes are sealed with indium balls to form a liquid crystal panel. In addition, the earthen figurine direction plate 16 is adhered to the liquid crystal display portion of the transparent film.
このようにしで、平板形電池と液晶パネルとの複合ユニ
ツ）（５４＋＋＋ｍＸ１００ｍ）を作製する。In this way, a composite unit (54+++m x 100m) consisting of a flat battery and a liquid crystal panel was produced.
外装材１５又は上透明フィルム１２の表面にはＡｔの回
路パターンが印刷されており、例として金メッキさＩＬ
ｆＣ入力出力端子１４が形成される。A circuit pattern of At is printed on the surface of the exterior material 15 or the upper transparent film 12, and for example, a gold-plated IL
An fC input/output terminal 14 is formed.
以上、メ施例１及び２で述べたように、液晶パネルを一
体化した平板形電池は、）Ｋ動用工Ｃやペーパー状キー
ボードと組み合わせることにより極薄形電卓を製造する
ことができる。As described above in Examples 1 and 2, a flat plate battery with an integrated liquid crystal panel can be used to manufacture an ultra-thin calculator by combining it with a power tool C or a paper keyboard.
本発明では、発電要素にリチウム、二酸化マンガン電池
系とルクランシエ電池を用いた例會述べたが、アルカリ
マンガン電池など一次電池系の他に、ニッケル・カドミ
ウム′岨池やニッケルΦ亜鉛電池などの二次電池を用い
ることも出来る。In the present invention, examples have been given in which lithium, manganese dioxide battery systems and Lecrancier batteries are used as power generation elements, but in addition to primary battery systems such as alkaline manganese batteries, secondary batteries such as nickel-cadmium batteries and nickel-Φzinc batteries are also used. Batteries can also be used.
発明の効果 本発明による効果は、次の通りである。Effect of the invention The effects of the present invention are as follows.
■平板形電池の上下又は左右に液晶パネルを一体化させ
、更に、回路基板を兼用化させているため、従来の回路
基板上に電池と、液晶ノくネ〃を配置した場合よりも体
Ｆｌｔを１／２に減少させることができる。■LCD panels are integrated on the top and bottom or left and right sides of the flat battery, and the circuit board is also used, so the body Flt can be reduced to 1/2.
■平板形電池、液晶パネル共に、フレキシブルなフィル
ム状であるので、加圧接着方式で一体化できるので、工
数が大幅に削減でき、部品点数も少ないので信頼性が高
い。■Since both the flat battery and the liquid crystal panel are in the form of flexible films, they can be integrated using pressure adhesion, which greatly reduces man-hours and reduces the number of parts, resulting in high reliability.
以上のような利点を持っているので、本発明の平板形電
池は工業的価値が極めて大きい。Because of the above advantages, the flat battery of the present invention has extremely great industrial value.
第１図は本発明の実施例１における液晶ノくネルと回路
基板を一体化した平板形リチウム二酸化マンガン電池の
縦断面図、第２図、第３図は、それぞれ同じ平板形電池
の平面図、下面図である。又、知Ａｒｅｋ＋ 飽協礪１
２［おけＡＩｔｉｌ平瓶形ルクランシ工電池の縦断面図
、ｍ５図は、同電池の平面図である。
１・・・・・・回路式板と集電板を兼ねる外装材２・・
・・・・正極
３・・・・・・セパレータ
４・・・・・・負極
５・・・・・・反射板を兼ねる集電板
６・・・・・・接着剤
７・・・・・・偏向板
８・・・・・・下透明フィルム
？・・・・・・透明電極
１０・・・・・・液晶
１１・・・・・・スペーサー
１２・・・・・・上透明フィルム
１３・・・・・・偏光板
１４・・・・・・金メッキされた入力出力端子１５・・
・・・・回路基板と集電板と反射板金兼ねる外装材
１６・・・・・・集電板
１７・・・・・・電池ユニット
１８・・・・・・液晶ユニット
以上
出願人 株式会社第二精工舎
第１図
第２Ｆ？４
第３１基（
第４図
＼１−
′！、１５ ａ’５図
Δ
１［FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a flat plate type lithium manganese dioxide battery in which a liquid crystal channel and a circuit board are integrated in Example 1 of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are plan views of the same flat type battery. , a bottom view. Also, Chi Arek + Akukyo 1
2 [Longitudinal cross-sectional view of AItil flat bottle type Lucranci battery, Figure m5 is a plan view of the battery. 1... Exterior material that doubles as a circuit board and current collector board 2...
... Positive electrode 3 ... Separator 4 ... Negative electrode 5 ... Current collector plate 6 that also serves as a reflection plate ... Adhesive 7 ... - Deflection plate 8... lower transparent film? ...Transparent electrode 10 ... Liquid crystal 11 ... Spacer 12 ... Upper transparent film 13 ... Polarizing plate 14 ... Gold-plated input/output terminals 15...
...Exterior material 16 that also serves as a circuit board, current collector plate and reflective sheet metal...Current collector plate 17...Battery unit 18...Liquid crystal unit and above Applicant Co., Ltd. No. Niseikosha Figure 1 2F? 4 Group 31 (Fig. 4\1-'!, 15 a'5 Fig. Δ 1[
Claims (1)
左右に重ねて、発電要素の外側に配置された一方の集電
板が液晶パネルの反射板全兼用し、外装材表面の少なく
とも一方が回路基板を兼ねたことを特徴とする平板形電
池。The flat power generation element and the liquid crystal panel including the liquid crystal are stacked vertically or horizontally, one of the current collector plates placed outside the power generation element also serves as the entire reflector of the liquid crystal panel, and at least one of the surfaces of the exterior material A flat battery that doubles as a circuit board.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58150820A JPS6084771A (en) | 1983-08-18 | 1983-08-18 | Flat type battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58150820A JPS6084771A (en) | 1983-08-18 | 1983-08-18 | Flat type battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6084771A true JPS6084771A (en) | 1985-05-14 |
Family
ID=15505118
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58150820A Pending JPS6084771A (en) | 1983-08-18 | 1983-08-18 | Flat type battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6084771A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0385583A2 (en) * | 1989-01-31 | 1990-09-05 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | A method of forming an embossed character on an IC card |
| EP1237036A2 (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2002-09-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Display unit and mobile apparatus using the unit |
| WO2007082798A1 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-07-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Display with energy store, and production method therefor |
-
1983
- 1983-08-18 JP JP58150820A patent/JPS6084771A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0385583A2 (en) * | 1989-01-31 | 1990-09-05 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | A method of forming an embossed character on an IC card |
| EP1237036A2 (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2002-09-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Display unit and mobile apparatus using the unit |
| EP1237036A3 (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2003-10-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Display unit and mobile apparatus using the unit |
| US6859365B2 (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2005-02-22 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Display unit and mobile apparatus using the unit |
| WO2007082798A1 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-07-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Display with energy store, and production method therefor |
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