JPS606979B2 - oil collecting material - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an oil scavenger made of polyolefin containing a surfactant.

In recent years, with the development of industry, the consumption of petroleum has increased, and at the same time, environmental pollution has progressed and become a major social problem.

For example, oils contained in ballast water, vital water, or factory wastewater discharged from tankers, such as aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, and alicyclic hydrocarbons (these hydrocarbons include S, N, 0, etc.) An example of this is the pollution of oceans, rivers, etc. by petroleum-based hydrocarbons, which may be heterogeneous compounds. In order to remove oil floating on the sea surface or river water surface, or to remove oil from industrial wastewater, research and development are being conducted on the development of various oil scavenging materials.

Although polyolefins, which are inexpensive and have high lipophilic properties, are attracting attention as such oil scavenging materials, their cross-collection performance such as overall collection speed and amount of cross-collection is still far from satisfactory. Therefore, it was not possible to expect a high level of oil concentration, such as treating wastewater with a relatively low oil concentration, such as oil in factory wastewater, to reduce the amount of oil to less than one cell. On the other hand, materials with high compatibility with oil have good horizontal collection performance, but because they have a strong solubility in oil, if they are made into fibers and passed through a packed tower, for example, they will collect oil. As time goes on, the fibers stick together and the fibers swell, eventually causing clogging and impeding the passage of water, making long-term operation impossible. In addition, when a special oil flows in, the Tachibana wood itself may dissolve. Therefore, it is not suitable for the purpose of continuously treating large volumes of wastewater. An object of the present invention is to provide a polyolefin oil scavenger with improved oil scavenging ability.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-performance oil scavenger that can reduce the oil content to one foot or less when treating wastewater with a relatively low oil concentration. Still another object of the present invention is to provide an oil collecting material that can be operated continuously for a long period of time even when it is packed into a packed tower or the like to treat a large amount of wastewater. According to the present invention, an oil scavenger is provided in which 0.1 to 2% by weight of an ionic surfactant or an anionic surfactant is blended with a polyolefin.

The polyolefins used in the present invention are polyethylene, polypropylene, poly-1-butene, poly-4-methyl-
1-pentene, ethylene/propylene copolymer, etc.

Of these, isotactic polypropylene is most suitable. A cationic or anionic surfactant is selected as the surfactant to be blended with the polyolefin.

Examples of cationic surfactants include higher alkylamine salts such as laurylamine hydrochloride, and cetylpyridinium salts.
Examples include quaternary ammonium salts such as chloride, alkyltrimethylammonium bromide, and alkyldimethylammonium chloride. Further, as the anionic surfactant, higher carboxylate salts, higher alcohol sulfate ester salts, sulfonate salts, etc. can be used. The amount of these surfactants used is 0.1 to 2.0% based on the total amount of polyolefin and surfactant. % by weight, especially 0.2,
1. A range of % by weight is preferred.

If the amount of surfactant used is increased too much, not only will the effect of increasing the amount not be obtained, but also there is a risk of thread breakage when forming into a fiber, so it is preferable to keep it within the above range. The surfactant is blended into the polyolefin using a Banbury mixer, hot roll, extruder, or the like.

When such surfactant-containing polyolefin is used as an oil scavenger, it may be in the form of foam, beads, or other shapes, but more preferably it is an aggregate of fibrous materials,
The processed material may be in the form of cotton, textiles, woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics, etc. In this form, the adsorption capacity of the fiber material and the fiber,
This is because both the viscosity and the ability to retain oil in the spaces between the fibers work together, allowing a large amount of oil to be collected. Therefore, for example, when making an oil construction device by filling a filling container with fibers or non-woven fabric, single fibers with a fineness of 1 to 20 deniers, preferably 2 to 15 deniers, are used at a packing density of 0.1 to 0. 4 evenings/earth, preferably 0
．． It is best to fill the tank so that the amount is 1% and 0.2 times per month. Examples will be explained below.

Example 1 Polypropylene (trade name: Mitsui Petrochemical Polypropylene; Isotactic Polypropylene, M'R24/10hi
n: ASTMD12 Chiyama, density 0.91 evening/clump: AST
MD1505) and the cationic surfactant tetradecyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride (trade name Nitsusan Cation M-100) were blended into melt paper threads.
I got a denier filament.

Put 500 cc of water containing 771 legs of C heavy oil and 1 night of filament into a shaker (1 separator funnel) and shake it up and down for 40 minutes (amplitude 30-4 diaphragms, number of vibrations 120 times/min).
After that, the filament was removed and the C heavy oil remaining in the water was measured.

The results are shown in Table 1. The concentration of heavy oil C in water is determined by JISKO.
Measured by I02,24 hexane extraction method.

Table 1: In the products containing a cationic surfactant, the residual oil concentration was lower (that is, the amount of oil collected was increased) compared to the product without the addition of a cationic surfactant, and no adhesion between filaments was observed.

Example 2 Polypropylene (trade name: Mitsui Petrochemical Polypropylene; Isotactic Polypropylene, MmR24/1-hi
n: ASTN D123, density 0.91 evening/clump: AS
TMD1505) and the anionic surfactant lauryl alcohol sulfate sodium salt (trade name: EMAR 10).
) was blended into a molten paper yarn to obtain a filament of 57 niels.

500 cc of water containing 82 tons of C heavy oil and 1 liter of filament were placed in a shaker in the same manner as in Example 1, and after shaking for 40 minutes, the filament was removed and the C remaining in the water was removed.
Heavy oil was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.

The results are shown in Table 2. Table 2: The anionic surfactant-containing product had a lower residual oil concentration (that is, the amount of oil collected increased) than the product without the anionic surfactant, and no adhesion between filaments was observed.

Examples 3 to 6 In the same manner as in Example 1, 5-denier filaments were made into fused paper yarns using the polyolefins and surfactants shown in Table 3 instead of the polypropylene and tetradecyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride in Example 1.

Water containing C heavy oil at the concentration shown in Table 3 (raw water) 500
cc and one filament were placed in a shaker, and the rest was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.

Table 3 shows the measurement results of the C heavy oil concentration remaining in the water. Table 3 1) MFR24g/10 skin: AST'
Measured at 26000 load 5kg according to U 1238K,
Density 0.835g: AST1・4 D 15052
) MFR6.5g/10: AS Town M ○12388
Density: 0.91 g Material: ASTM D 15053) Same polypropylene as in Example 1 4) Fefcol ■o, manufactured by Matsumoto Yuji Co., Ltd. 5) Marbomerce ■.

T, manufactured by Matsumoto Yushi Co., Ltd. Examples 7 to 8 and Comparative Example 1 The same polypropylene as in Example 1 was added with tetradecyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride as an ionic surfactant or sodium lauryl alcohol sulfate ester as an anionic surfactant. Melt-spun a product containing 1.0% salt or no surfactant,
A filament of 5 denier was obtained.

This filament was packed in a cylindrical tank with an inner diameter of 64 mm, a height of 30 mm, and a packing density of 0.13 mm, and raw water of C heavy oil concentration 4 in Asakaze was flowed at a linear velocity of 2 min/min. The treated water oil concentration and pressure drop were measured.

The results are shown in Table 4. Table 4 Examples 9 to 10 and Comparative Example 2 The same procedures as Examples 9 to 10 and Comparative Example 1 were carried out except that polyyama 4-methyl-1-bentene of Example 3 was used instead of polypropylene.

The results are shown in Table 5. Table 5 As you can see from these results, the oil concentration was between 40 and 5.
If a relatively low number of about 0 is treated, the oil concentration in the treated water will be less than 1 foot even after continuous treatment for nearly 15 hours,
In addition, there is no swelling of the fibers, and the erosion loss is small, for example, the pressure loss after passing water for 14 hours is less than half that of a non-blended product, so it is possible to carry out continuous processing at least twice as long as a non-blended product.

Examples 11-12 and Comparative Examples 3-4 The same polypropylene as in Example 1, tetradecylmethylbenzylammonium chloride as a cationic surfactant, or sodium salt of lauryl alcohol sulfate ester or a nonionic surfactant as an anionic surfactant. as polyoxyethylene nonyl phenol ether (H
LB13.3) or dimethylalkyl(basic) betaine as a zwitterionic surfactant. A 5-denier filament was obtained by melt-melting paper yarn containing 5 denier filament.

This filament was packed into a cylindrical tank made of willow with an inner diameter of 64 mm at a height of 30 mm and a packing density of 0.13 m/m, and raw water with a C heavy oil concentration of 4 standard blood was flowed at a linear velocity of 20 mjn, and treatment was performed at each elapsed time. Water-oil concentration and pressure drop were measured. The results are shown in Table 6. Table 6 As can be seen from these results, cationic surfactants and anionic surfactants cause the oil in the oil-containing water to collect as soon as the treatment starts, reducing the oil concentration in the treated water. Therefore, nonionic surfactants and zwitterionic surfactants have a small oil scavenging ability immediately after the start of treatment, and the oil concentration of the treated water does not decrease significantly.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 0 cationic surfactant or anionic surfactant
．． An oil-trapping material characterized by comprising 1 to 2% by weight of polyolefin.