JP2005144436A - Oil treatment material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil treatment material capable of effectively separating fats and oils from water to facilitate waste-water treatment in a grease-trap. <P>SOLUTION: The oil treatment material comprises a non-woven fabric containing a cellulosic fiber (a) and a synthetic fiber (b) at a rate of (a)/(b)=100/0 to 20/80 by weight. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an oil treatment material for separating oil from waste water or the like mixed with water and oil generated in a kitchen or the like.

  In commercial kitchens and kitchens, facilities called grease interceptors or grease traps (hereinafter referred to as grease traps) are installed. This grease trap is a facility that separates and removes the oil (grease) contained in the waste water from kitchens and kitchens by the principle of natural levitation, preventing the oil from flowing into the waste water and clogging the pipes. It is. This equipment is obliged to be installed when sewage significantly impedes the functions of oil and fat, gasoline, earth and sand and other drainage piping facilities according to the Ministry of Construction Notification No. 1597 (revised in 1982).

  Leaving the grease trap in the grease trap and leaving it without removing it will cause the oil to overflow from the grease trap and cause clogging of the piping, and the fat and oil oxidized by heating and cooking will cause odor. Or For this reason, it is common for employees to remove fats and oils by squeezing them with a handle or a container once a week on average on average and in many places every day.

In addition, as a method for removing the oil and fat that has floated and separated in the grease trap, a method of removing oil by adsorbing it with a sheet (oil adsorbing sheet) made of synthetic fibers or natural fibers is also known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a specific grease-blocking oil adsorbing sheet in which a polypropylene resin cotton layer and a polypropylene resin nonwoven fabric are laminated. Patent Document 2 discloses an oil-water separation sheet using a powdery oil-absorbing resin, hydrophilic fibers, and heat-fusible fibers in a specific ratio. This oil-water separation sheet is characterized in that it absorbs oil with an oil-absorbing resin that is self-swelling and has a high oil absorption capacity. Patent Document 3 discloses an oil recovery filter in which a thin layer made of a mixture of pulp and a thermoplastic synthetic resin is sandwiched between cover sheets having pores.
JP 2002-346380 A JP-A-8-182929 JP-A-6-142406

  However, even if the sheet of the above patent document is used, it is not easy to sufficiently adsorb and remove the oil and fat collected in a grease trap such as a kitchen.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an oil treatment material capable of efficiently separating water and oil and facilitating waste water treatment in a grease trap.

  The present invention is a nonwoven fabric comprising (a) cellulosic fibers and (b) synthetic fibers, wherein the weight ratio of (a) and (b) is (a) / (b) = 100/0 to 20/80. It is related with the oil processing material which uses the nonwoven fabric which is.

  The present invention also relates to a method for separating water and oil by bringing the oil treatment material of the present invention into contact with a mixture containing water and oil.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the oil treatment material which can isolate | separate water and oil efficiently and makes the waste water treatment in a grease trap easy is provided.

<Cellulose fiber (a)>
Examples of the cellulosic fiber (a) used in the present invention include cotton, pulp, rayon, cupra, lyocell and the like, and pulp is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of water absorption performance and price. Examples of the pulp include kraft pulp (KP) obtained from pulp chips such as hardwoods and conifers.

<Synthetic fiber (b)>
As the synthetic fiber (b) used in the present invention, polyethylene (hereinafter referred to as PE), polyolefin such as polypropylene (hereinafter referred to as PP), polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as PET), The thing which consists of high molecular compounds, such as nylon and polyvinyl chloride, is mentioned. From the viewpoints of safety, processability, price, etc., olefin fibers and polyester fibers are preferred.

  In particular, in the present invention, it is preferable to use the first synthetic fiber (b1) and the second synthetic fiber (b2) made of a material different from the first synthetic fiber. Here, the “different material” may be any material that can be recognized as a different material. For example, the constituent monomers of the polymer compound used as the fiber raw material are different, and the constituent monomers are the same. Those having different molar ratios of constituent monomers, those having different molecular weights of the polymer compound, and those having different physical properties such as the melting point of the polymer compound are treated as “different materials”. The two synthetic fibers (b1) and (b2) made of different materials preferably have different melting points. Although the synthetic fibers (b1) and (b2) may be used separately, the composite fibers of (b1) and (b2), particularly those forming a core-sheath structure are preferred. Among these, those having a high melting point in the core are preferred.

  As the synthetic fiber (b), PE, PP, and PET are preferable, and a combination of PP and PE, PET and PE, first PET and second PET (preferably having a melting point different from that of the first PET) is more preferable. A combination of PP and PE, first PET and second PET (preferably those having a melting point different from that of the first PET) is particularly preferable. Furthermore, the composite fiber whose core / sheath is PP / PE and the composite fiber whose core / sheath is first PET / second PET (different in melting point and the like from the first PET) are most preferable. In addition, 3 or more types of synthetic fibers can also be used.

  The synthetic fiber (b) is preferably a short fiber, and the fiber length is preferably 1 to 10.5 mm, and more preferably 2.5 to 6 mm. The fiber diameter is preferably 1 to 20 dtex, more preferably 1 to 10 dtex, and still more preferably 1.5 to 6.6 dtex.

<Oil treatment material>
The oil treatment material of the present invention comprises a non-woven fabric using the cellulosic fiber (a) and the synthetic fiber (b) at a specific weight ratio as a constituent member. Such a nonwoven fabric can be manufactured using a web (fiber mat) manufactured by an airlaid method, a spunlace method, a wet papermaking method, an air-through method, etc., in accordance with the manufacture of a known nonwoven fabric. A non-woven fabric comprising a web produced by a dry papermaking method, particularly an airlaid method, is preferred. The airlaid method (sometimes called the airlaid method) is one of the dry production methods for webs. A short fiber lump is mechanically loosened in a dry state to form single fibers to continuously form the web. After that, the binder is sprayed, and then the fibers are fixed in the web through a drying process. Examples of the binder (C) include aqueous emulsions such as acrylic, urethane, silicon, epoxy, vinyl acetate, and synthetic rubber. In the airlaid method, water is not used and the sheet is formed by air, so that a large amount of air layer can be retained in the sheet. For this reason, high bulkiness (soft feeling) at low basis weight is obtained, and high absorbency, soft touch, etc. are obtained.

  In the present invention, when the airlaid method is used, the fibers are essentially bonded (bonded) with a binder, but at least one of the synthetic fibers (b) is a heat-fusible or thermoplastic fiber and heated. Thermal bonding can also be performed through the process.

The oil treatment material of the present invention is preferably one that permeates water of a mixture containing water and oil and captures the oil. For this reason, the nonwoven fabric used in the present invention has a standard permeation rate of 20 ° C. water of 50 kg / m ² · sec or more, more preferably 75 kg / m ² · sec or more, particularly 100 kg, from the viewpoint of efficiently separating water and oil. / M ² · sec or more is preferable. Here, the standard transmission rate is measured by the following method.

<Measurement method of standard transmission rate>
A non-woven fabric is brought into contact with the bottom of a cylindrical container having an inner diameter of 74 mm and an opening having a diameter of 28.6 mm in the center of the bottom from the outside of the container, and the non-woven fabric is sandwiched by a ring-shaped holder having the same shape as the bottom. Water at 20 ° C. is supplied to the inside of the container and overflowed to maintain the water level in the container at 45 mm. After 2 minutes from the water level becoming 45 mm, the amount of water discharged from the bottom of the container is reduced to 10 seconds. Measurement is performed to calculate the unit area of the nonwoven fabric and the permeation rate of water per unit time, and this is defined as the standard permeation rate (kg / m ² · sec).

  Examples of the binder that can be used in the present invention include acrylic, urethane, silicon, epoxy, vinyl acetate, and synthetic rubber. In particular, an acrylic binder is preferable in that it is suitable for the airlaid method, can maintain the texture, easily penetrates into the nonwoven fabric, has little odor, and the like. The amount of the binder is preferably 10 to 20% by weight, more preferably 12 to 17% by weight, based on the weight of the nonwoven fabric, from the viewpoint of imparting tensile strength and preventing generation of fuzz and pulp powder.

  In the nonwoven fabric constituting the oil treatment material of the present invention, the weight ratio of the cellulosic fibers (a) and the synthetic fibers (b) is (a) / ( b) = 100/0 to 20/80, preferably 90/10 to 30/70, more preferably 80/20 to 35/65.

  The oil treatment material of the present invention may be a nonwoven fabric composed of a single layer or a laminate type in which a plurality of layers are laminated. In the case of the laminated type, at least one layer may be a layer containing the cellulosic fiber (a) and the synthetic fiber (b) at a predetermined weight ratio, but it is preferable that all the layers are composed of such layers. In the case of a stacked type, the ratio of (a) and (b) in each layer may be different. Moreover, even if it is a single layer, the ratio of (a), (b) may change in a layer, ie, it may consist of a layer in which the ratio has a gradient. A stacked type is also possible. In particular, in the airlaid method, it is possible to easily form a laminated structure of layers including (a) and (b) or a structure having a gradient in the ratios (a) and (b) (which may be apparently a single layer).

The nonwoven fabric constituting the oil treatment material of the present invention preferably has a basis weight of 28 to 78 g / m ² , and more preferably 38 to 50 g / m ² , because the oil trapping property and water permeability are good. This basis weight is a value measured according to JIS P 8124.

Further, the nonwoven fabric constituting the oil treatment material of the present invention has an apparent density of 0.03 to 0.1 g / cm ³ , further 0.04 to 0.08 g / cm ³ , particularly 0.05 to 0.07 g / cm ³ . ³ is preferable from the viewpoint of oil trapping property and water permeability.

  The thickness of the nonwoven fabric constituting the oil treatment material of the present invention is preferably 0.4 to 1.5 mm, more preferably 0.5 to 0.9 mm. This thickness is obtained by dividing a value obtained by measuring in a state where four non-woven fabrics constituting the oil treatment material are stacked using a peacock digital linear gauge (converted into a thickness per sheet). .

  The oil treatment material of the present invention can be used in various forms by processing a nonwoven fabric into a predetermined shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the nonwoven fabric is cut and folded in accordance with the shape of the wire mesh cage installed in the grease trap to make an oil treatment material, and the drainage mixed with water and oil is drawn up with a handle rod etc. It can use for the method of filtering with a processing material. Schematic diagrams of the oil treatment material and the wire netting in that case are shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b). The folded part can also be fixed by heat fusion or an adhesive. Also, a simple bag-shaped oil treatment material obtained by folding a rectangular nonwoven fabric in half as shown in FIG. 4 (a) and heat-sealing two places, and a plurality of folding parts are provided in the nonwoven fabric as shown in FIG. 4 (b). A gusset bag-like oil treatment material in which a gusset is formed on the side portion and the bottom portion is heat-sealed can also be used as an oil treatment material to be installed on the wire mesh basket or the like.

In addition, by forming a water passage hole in the handle and having the oil treatment material installed so as to be replaceable, oil is trapped in the handle and, on the other hand, the water is discharged as it is. It can be performed. A schematic diagram of such a handle with a water passage hole is shown in FIG. 5A is a schematic perspective view, FIG. 5B is a schematic plan view, and FIG. 5C is a schematic view showing a state in which the fixing ring is movable. Moreover, in FIG. 5, 51 is a scooping part, 52 is a water flow hole, 53 is a fixing ring of an oil treatment material. The oil treatment material of the present invention is accommodated in an appropriate shape in the scooping portion 51 and the periphery is fixed by a fixing ring 53. By using a scoop-type handle rod-shaped separation device in which an oil treatment material is installed in such a handle rod with a water passage hole, oil is captured by the oil treatment material, while water permeates as it is. Further, in addition to the handle, a scooping type separating tool provided with the oil treatment material of the present invention can also be used for an appliance having a net cage part such as a cooking strainer having a net cage part. In any separation device, the oil trapped in the oil treatment material can be collected in a separate container and discarded, or can be discarded after being absorbed by the oil absorbing material. Moreover, when the water permeation speed of the oil treatment material becomes slow while repeating the operation of capturing oil, it can be easily replaced with a new oil treatment material. The use of such a scooping-type small-scale separation device is also suitable when the oil treatment material is frequently replaced or when the amount of oil and fat that floats on the grease trap and is separated is small. As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a separation instrument in which the oil treatment material of the present invention is accommodated in a water-permeable accommodating portion. The accommodating portion has strength capable of accommodating and holding the oil treatment material and water permeability (for example, formation of a water passage hole) that allows water to pass therethrough. In addition, a separating device without such a housing portion is also possible, for example, a separating device having a fixing means such as a ring that can hold the upper end of the bag-like oil treatment material of the present invention and a gripping portion connected to the fixing means. Is mentioned.

  Thus, the oil treatment material of the present invention has advantages such as simplification of work (reduction of work time, reduction of labor, etc.) and reduction of the amount of waste. Further, even when the product is adapted to the grease trap wire mesh cage, it can be folded and stored except when in use, so the material volume can be reduced. Of course, it is also possible to use such a method that the oil treatment material is covered on the drainage of the grease trap to sufficiently adsorb the oil and fat and then discarded. Alternatively, it is possible to once clean the inside of the grease trap, place the oil treatment material of the present invention on the clean water surface inside, and discard the oil treatment material after a certain period of time.

<Example 1>
The nonwoven fabric was manufactured using the cellulosic fiber (a) and synthetic fiber (b) which are shown in Table 1, and the following evaluation was performed. The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, the nonwoven fabric was manufactured by the airlaid method using 15 wt% of the acrylic binder with respect to the total of the fiber (a), the fiber (b), and the binder. Then, what was wound up in roll shape with the full length of 36 m was made into the sample for evaluation of an oil treatment material.

(1) Model test (1-1) Oil scavenging property An oil treatment material 11 having the shape shown in FIG. 1 (a) is prepared from the sample for evaluation, and installed on the ring-shaped holder 12 (FIG. 1 (b)). After wetting the treatment material 11, 50 g of salad oil was added, the amount of oil leaked after 1 minute was measured, and evaluated according to the following criteria. When the evaluation results are ◎, ○, △, the oil treatment material hardly leaks oil in the on-site drainage filtration test. In addition, the processing material 11 of Fig.1 (a) was produced by bonding the edge part from the member of 1 sheet | seat with the binder (0.5 cm in width of a bonding site | part).
◎: Oil leakage is less than 10% by weight ○: Oil leakage is from 10% to less than 30% by weight Δ: Oil leakage is from 30% to less than 50% by weight ×: Oil leakage is 50% by weight %that's all

(1-2) Water permeability After treating the same treatment material as in (1-1) above in a ring-shaped holder and wetting the oil treatment material with water, flour-water dispersion (flour concentration 2% by weight) 50 g was added, and the time until the dispersion passed 80% by weight was measured and evaluated according to the following criteria.
◎: Less than 20 seconds ○: 20 seconds or more and less than 40 seconds Δ: 40 seconds or more and less than 60 seconds ×: 60 seconds or more

(2) On-site drainage filtration test For some of the products of the present invention, an actual drainage filtration test was conducted with a grease trap installed in a kitchen of a Chinese restaurant. An oil treatment material 21 of the shape shown in FIG. 2 created from a sample for evaluation is placed in a wire mesh cage 22 attached to a grease trap containing a commercially available residue collection net, and 15 L of waste water mixed with water and oil is introduced and filtered. Was observed and evaluated according to the following criteria. The size of the treatment material, L ₁ in FIG. 2 (b) is 62cm, L ₂ is 28cm, L ₃ was 26cm. A schematic diagram for performing this test is shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, 21 is an oil treatment material, 22 is a wire mesh basket, 23 is a residue collection net (commercially available product), and 24 and 24 ′ are partition plates. The treatment material 21 after such treatment has captured oil and can be discarded as it is.
A: Oil leakage is less than 5% by weight and water permeation is very fast (less than 5 minutes)
○: Oil leakage is less than 5% by weight and water permeation is fast (5 minutes or more and less than 10 minutes)
Δ: Oil leakage is less than 5% by weight and requires a little time for water permeation (10 minutes or more)

(Note) Among the components (b), PP / PE is a composite fiber having a core-sheath structure in which the core is PP and the sheath is PE and has a fiber length of 5.1 mm and a fiber diameter of 2.1 dtex. PET is a single fiber having a fiber length of 5.0 mm and a fiber diameter of 2.2 dtex. In the nonwoven fabrics of Examples 2, 3, 4, 5 and Comparative Example 1, the component (b) is thermally fused by a drying process using an airlaid method.

<Example 2>
About this invention product 4 of Example 1, the conditions at the time of nonwoven fabric manufacture were changed, the nonwoven fabric from which an apparent density differs was manufactured, and the model test was done like Example 1. FIG. The results are shown in Table 2.

<Example 3>
A scooping type separation device was manufactured using the products 1, 4, and 6 of the present invention of Example 1, and a water-oil separation test was performed. A sample for evaluation (30 cm × 30 cm) was attached to a commercially available metal cooking strainer (stainless steel screen with a diameter of 12 cm and a depth of 10 cm) so as to cover the entire surface of the screen, and a scooping-type separating device was obtained. . 4L of water and 1.5L of salad oil colored with a small amount of red oil-soluble dye (Sudan dye) are stored in a stainless steel container, and the mixture of water and salad oil is scooped up using a scooping type separation device equipped with an evaluation sample. . Water falls and red colored salad oil scoops and remains in the oil-water separator. Transfer this to another container. This operation was repeated, and almost all of the red-colored salad oil was transferred to another container. As a result, in any scooping type separation device, the amount of oil leakage was small, water permeation was fast, and the working time was short (less than 10 minutes). The oil thus separated can be discarded as it is.

Schematic diagram showing the state of the model test performed in Example 1 Schematic which shows an example of the oil processing material of this invention Schematic showing an example of wastewater treatment using the oil treatment material of the present invention in a grease trap Schematic which shows the other example of the oil processing material of this invention. Schematic which shows an example of the handle hole with a water flow hole in which the oil processing material of this invention is installed

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11, 21: Oil treatment material 12: Ring-shaped holder 22: Wire net cage 23: Residue collection net 24, 24 ': Partition plate 51: Scooping part 52: Water flow hole 53: Fixing ring

Claims (7)

A nonwoven fabric comprising (a) cellulosic fibers and (b) synthetic fibers, wherein the weight ratio of (a) and (b) is (a) / (b) = 100/0 to 20/80. Oil treatment material as a component. The oil treatment material according to claim 1, wherein (a) is pulp fiber. The oil treatment material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein (b) is made of a material selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyethylene terephthalate. The oil treatment material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the nonwoven fabric comprises a web produced by an airlaid method as a constituent member. The oil treatment material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the nonwoven fabric has a standard permeation rate of water of 20 ° C of 50 kg / m ² · sec or more. The oil treatment material according to claim 1, wherein water is permeated from a mixture containing water and oil. A method for separating water and oil by bringing the oil-treating material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 into contact with a mixture containing water and oil.

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