JPS6066073A - Refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (b) Industrial application field The present invention relates to a refrigeration system that can supply hot water.

(b) Prior art Generally, city water is heated by condensing the refrigerant discharged from a compressor in a hot water heat exchanger in a hot water storage tank, but conventional devices used a single refrigerant. Therefore, in order to obtain a high hot water supply temperature, the refrigerant condensation pressure in the hot water supply heat exchanger must be set high, and for this reason, the actual situation is that the compression ratio is increased and operation is performed with a poor coefficient of performance. there were.

(c) Object of the Invention The object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration system that can provide hot water at a high temperature with a high coefficient of performance.

B) Structure of the Invention The device of the present invention has a hot water supply circuit configured with a cascade cycle using a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and is housed vertically in a hot water storage tank having a water supply port at the bottom and a hot water supply port at the top, A hot water supply heat exchanger is used in which the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is introduced from the upper part and flows out from the lower part.The hot water storage tank is created by the flow of a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant passing through the hot water supply heat exchanger and by convection. By condensing high-boiling point refrigerant in the upper high-temperature area of the hot water storage tank and condensing low-boiling point refrigerant in the lower low-temperature area, the system is more efficient than conventional equipment using a single refrigerant. It is designed to obtain high hot water supply temperature with low condensing pressure (average value).

(e) Example As an example of the present invention, a refrigeration system having an air conditioning function will be taken as an example, and will be explained based on the drawings. The compressor (2aX2b) that sucks and compresses azeotropic mixed refrigerant is housed vertically in a hot water storage tank (5) that has a water supply port (3) at the bottom and a hot water supply port (4) at the top. machine (1
) a first and second hot water supply heat exchanger that introduces the discharged refrigerant from the upper inlet (6) and flows out from the lower outlet (7);
(8) is the 11th and 2nd hot water supply heat exchanger (2) during hot water supply operation.
a) The refrigerant condensed in (2b) is also transferred to the first hot water supply heat exchanger (2a) and the outdoor heat exchanger (9) during cooling hot water supply operation.
), and further, during heating operation, the refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat exchanger GO) into a liquid refrigerant containing a large amount of high boiling point refrigerant and a gas refrigerant containing a large amount of low boiling point refrigerant, respectively. Liquid separator, (111 is a first pressure reducing element consisting of an expansion valve that reduces the pressure of one separated liquid refrigerant containing a large amount of high boiling point refrigerant, (121 is a liquid refrigerant whose pressure has been reduced by this pressure reducing element and the other low boiling point refrigerant) an intermediate heat exchanger that evaporates the liquid refrigerant and condenses the gas refrigerant by exchanging heat with a gas refrigerant that contains a large amount of the refrigerant; be.

Iaω is a first and second three-way valve that is set to a solid line state during hot water supply operation and cooling hot water supply operation, and a broken line state during heating operation;
α6) The third and fourth three-way valves are set to the solid line state during hot water supply operation and heating operation, and the broken line state during cooling hot water supply operation, α closed during hot water supply operation and heating operation, and open during cooling hot water supply operation ( It is a two-way valve.

←9 is a cylindrical body surrounding the first and second hot water supply heat exchangers (2) and (3), and by guiding the flow of city water rising by convection from the bottom to the top as shown by the solid arrow, This city water flow and the refrigerant flow in the eleventh and second hot water supply heat exchangers (2) and (3) are made to face each other more reliably.

(20) is the hot water temperature t near the second hot water supply heat exchanger (3),
The hot water temperature thermometer (21) detects the outside air @t near the outdoor heat exchanger α, and the outside temperature thermometer (21) detects the outside air @t near the outdoor heat exchanger α. Compare during operation, when 1+<t, set the three-way switching valve @ to the solid line state,
1. ) 12 is a controller that switches and sets this switching valve (c) to the state shown by the broken line.

Next, to explain the circuit operation, during hot water supply operation, the first to fourth three-way valves -α■αe (I7) and three-way switching valve (c) are set to the solid line state, and the two-way valve a is closed. , the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (1) passes through the first three-way valve
The high boiling point refrigerant flows into the hot water supply heat exchanger (2a), where it mainly condenses, and then passes through the three-way switching valve (c) to the second refrigerant.
The refrigerant flows into the hot water supply heat exchanger (2b), where the low boiling point refrigerant is mainly condensed. Thereafter, it is separated into a second three-way refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant is depressurized by the first pressure reducing element aυ and then transferred to the intermediate heat exchanger (
The gas refrigerant flows through the first heat exchange coil (12a) of No. 14 and the second heat exchange coil (12b) of No. 121, respectively, where they exchange heat with each other at the intermediate heat exchanger (I2). While being evaporated and returned to the compressor (1), the gas refrigerant is condensed and flows into the second pressure reducing element a3.Then, the liquid refrigerant whose pressure has been reduced in this pressure reducing element (13) is returned to the outdoors via the third three-way valve aQ. It flows into the heat exchanger (9), where it evaporates, and then returns to the compressor (1)K via the fourth three-way valve aη.

In this operation, the temperature of the city water rising inside the cylindrical body due to convection increases from the bottom to the top of the hot water storage tank (5), and the high temperature water is transferred to the first hot water heat exchanger (2).
The water is heated to a high temperature by the condensation heat of the high boiling point refrigerant mainly condensed in a), and the low temperature water is heated at a low temperature by the condensation heat of the low boiling point refrigerant mainly condensed in the second hot water supply heat exchanger (2b). According to
Compared to conventional equipment that condenses a single refrigerant, the refrigerant condensation temperature is approximately 5c (average value) lower (even though the same high hot water temperature (8c) is achieved.
5C) can be obtained, and due to this decrease in condensing pressure, the compressor can perform hot water supply operation with a small compression ratio, so-called a high coefficient of performance.

When performing cooling operation at the same time during hot water supply operation, the controller (
At the same time as starting the operation for 2 seconds, the first and second three-way valves - α9
is set to the solid line state, the third and fourth three-way valve HQ forces are set to the broken line state, and the two-way valve α mark is opened. At this time,
The hot water temperature t in the hot water storage tank (5) becomes the outside temperature t during the hot water supply operation described above.
If the temperature is higher than , the controller uses signals from the hot water temperature thermometer and the outside temperature thermometer 0υ (2'lJ is the three-way switching valve CI!3)
Set to dashed state. Then, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (1) passes through the first three-way valve ■ - the first hot water supply heat exchanger (2a) -
Three-way switching valve (2 - outdoor heat exchanger (9) - two-way valve QF
j - After flowing through the second three-way valve (15 + - gas-liquid separator (8), it is separated into two layers of liquid gas, and the liquid refrigerant containing a large amount of high boiling point refrigerant is passed through the first pressure reducing element αυ - intermediate heat exchanger a2. The gas refrigerant containing a large amount of low boiling point refrigerant is returned to the compressor (1) via the first heat exchange coil (12a) and is fed back to the compressor (1) through the first heat exchanger (12a).
2nd heat exchange coil (12b) - 2nd pressure reducing element (I3
) - the third three-way valve α6) - the indoor heat exchanger α0) - the fourth three-way valve (17) is returned to the compressor (1).

In addition, when performing this cooling hot water supply operation, if the hot water @t in the hot water storage tank (5) is lower than the outside temperature t, the controller is activated by signals from the hot water temperature thermometer and the outside temperature thermometer (2]). 0 switches the three-way switching valve (2) to the solid line state. Then, the compressor (
1) The refrigerant discharged from the first three-way valve circle - the first hot water supply heat exchanger (2a) - the three-way switching valve (c) - the second hot water supply heat exchanger (2b) - the second three-way valve 05) - The water flows to the gas-liquid separator (8), and thereafter flows in the same manner as during the cooling hot water supply operation described above and is returned to the compressor (1).

In this way, when the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank (5) is high, the high temperature water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank (5) is heated by the condensation heat of the high boiling point refrigerant that is mainly condensed in the first hot water supply heat exchanger (2a). By heating the water, you can prevent the water temperature from dropping below 85C. Moreover, the high boiling point refrigerant and low boiling point refrigerant that cannot be condensed in the first hot water supply heat exchanger (2a) are transferred to the outdoor heat exchanger (2a).
9), gas-liquid separation in the gas-liquid separator (8) and heat exchange in the intermediate heat exchanger α are sufficient, and evaporation in the indoor heat exchanger (10) is also sufficient. Accordingly, the desired high cooling capacity can be obtained.

In addition, when the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank (5) is low, high temperature heating is performed using the condensation heat of the high boiling point refrigerant that is mainly condensed in the @1 hot water supply heat exchanger (2a), similar to the above-mentioned hot water supply operation. 2 By performing low-temperature heating using the condensation heat of the low boiling point refrigerant that is mainly condensed in the hot water supply heat exchanger (2b), the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank (5) is increased to 85U.
It is possible to maintain a nearby high temperature and at the same time obtain a desired high cooling capacity.

Next, during heating operation, the first and second three-way valve α4) (151
When set to the broken line state and the third and fourth three-way valves αυαη to the solid line state, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (1) flows through the first three-way valve 04) - indoor heat exchanger (10) - second three-way valve. αω - After flowing through the gas-liquid separator (8), the liquid refrigerant is separated into two layers of liquid gas, and the liquid refrigerant containing a large amount of high boiling point refrigerant is transferred to the first pressure reducing element Ql) - the first heat exchange coil of the intermediate heat exchanger a (12a), the gas refrigerant containing a large amount of low boiling point refrigerant is returned to the compressor (1) through the intermediate heat exchanger (second heat exchange coil (17J)
2b) - second pressure reducing element alpha third three-way valve (16) - outdoor heat exchanger (9) - fourth three-way valve 07)
), and the outdoor heat exchanger (9) acts as an evaporator.
) draws heat from the outside air, and the indoor heat exchanger (1) acts as a condenser to heat the room.

(f) Effects of the Invention The device of the present invention has developed a hot water supply circuit using a cascade cycle using a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, so it has lower condensing pressure/evaporation pressure compared to a conventional water heating device using a single refrigerant. ratio, i.e.
You can lower the compression ratio. Moreover, the flow of the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant passing through the heat exchanger for hot water supply and the flow of city water in the hot water storage tank due to convection are made to oppose each other, so that the high boiling point refrigerant is mainly used in the upper high temperature area of the hot water storage tank, and the high boiling point refrigerant is mainly used in the lower low temperature area. By condensing mainly low-boiling point refrigerants, it is possible to obtain a high hot water supply temperature at a lower condensing temperature, that is, a lower condensing pressure, than in conventional water heaters using a single refrigerant. It is possible to perform hot water supply operation with a high chain-forming coefficient in which the compression ratio, which has already become small, is further reduced.

In addition, by using a plurality of three-way valves to switch refrigerant flow paths as in the embodiments of the present invention, repairs, etc. are easier compared to conventional air-conditioning, heating, and water-heating systems that use differential pressure type four-way switching valves that are prone to failure. Maintenance can be minimized.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawing is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. (1)... Compressor, (2aX2b)... Heat exchanger for hot water supply, (3)... Water supply inlet, (4)... Hot water supply inlet,
(5)... Hot water tank, (8)... Gas-liquid separator, (
9)...Outdoor heat exchanger, (11)...First pressure reducing element, a...Intermediate heat exchanger, 03)...Second pressure reducing element.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A compressor that sucks and compresses a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant of a high boiling point refrigerant and a low boiling point refrigerant, and the compressor is housed vertically in a hot water storage tank having a water supply port at the bottom and a hot water supply port at the top. A hot water supply heat exchanger that introduces the discharged refrigerant from the upper part and flows out from the lower part, and a gas-liquid separator that separates the refrigerant from this heat exchanger into liquid refrigerant and gas refrigerant. The liquid refrigerant is returned to the compressor via the first pressure reducing element and the intermediate heat exchanger, and the other separated gas refrigerant is returned to the compressor via the intermediate heat exchanger, the second pressure reducing element and the outdoor heat exchanger. A refrigeration system in which hot water is returned to the compressor to form a hot water supply cycle.