JPS6059381B2 - Vibration isolation method for upper floor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a vibration isolation method in which an upper floor is supported by a lower floor through a vibration isolator, and thereby the vibration of the upper floor is kept below a predetermined level regardless of the vibration of the lower floor. be.

Recently, many precision mechanical devices such as electronic computers and communication devices that are sensitive to vibrations have come into use. For these mechanical devices, in many cases, a cushioning material such as so-called anti-vibration rubber is interposed between the bottom and the floor surface, so that vibrations from the floor surface due to some reason can be transmitted to the mechanical devices installed on the upper floor. I've tried to prevent it from getting across. By the way, in the range of vibrations that occur on a daily basis, such as vibrations caused by generators and other equipment installed inside the building, and vibrations caused by transportation outside the building, it should be installed on elastic materials such as anti-vibration rubber, springs, and cork. However, in the case of reciprocating movements with considerable amplitude and acceleration such as those caused by earthquakes, precision mechanical equipment can be prevented by simply installing it on an elastic material such as the one described above. It was almost impossible to protect it from vibrations.

However, the present invention relates to a vibration isolation method that effectively protects a precision mechanical device 1 from vibrations even in the case of an earthquake that vibrates with considerable amplitude and acceleration, as described below.

As shown in FIG. 2, an elastic vertical motion shock absorber 40 made of a spring material 42 is provided on the lower floor 13, and a surface with low friction is provided on this elastic vertical motion shock absorber 40 by applying Teflon processing. In addition, a flat steel plate 22 is provided as a sliding plate of the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20 whose coefficient of friction is reduced by lubricating oil 24, and the upper floor support material 1 is placed on this sliding plate.
6 is installed, and precision mechanical devices 11 and the like are appropriately arranged on this upper floor 12.

As shown in FIG. 1, a spring material 3 is installed between the upper floor 12 and the pillar 15 or wall 14 that is integrated into the building together with the lower floor 13.
1 is provided as an elastic horizontal shock absorber 30. Because of the above-described structure, when a horizontal earthquake occurs and, for example, the lower floor 13 moves to the left with acceleration, the upper floor 12 on which the mechanical device 11 is installed is moved to the horizontal friction type with a small coefficient of friction. Since the vibration canceling device 20 is placed on a flat steel plate 22, only the lower floor 13 moves to the left, and the upper floor 12 hardly moves.

A similar movement to the right then occurs. That is, even when the lower floor 13 shakes left and right due to an earthquake, the lower floor can be moved by the action of the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20 of the flat steel plate 22 interposed between the lower floor 13 and the upper floor 12. 13 does not occur as horizontal vibration of the upper floor 12, and the amplitude of the upper floor 12 is very small compared to the amplitude of the lower floor 13 due to the intervention of the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20. Become. Although the amplitude is smaller than that of the lower floor 13, the horizontal reciprocating motion generated on the upper floor 12 is caused by the sliding effect of the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20, despite the lower floor 13 being stationary due to the end of the earthquake. Although an attempt was made to continue the horizontal reciprocating motion due to the intervention of
The friction coefficient of the spring member 31 serving as the elastic horizontal shock absorber 30 provided between the upper floor 12 and the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20 acts to quickly stop the horizontal column return movement of the upper floor 12.

By the way, damage to the lower floor 13 due to the above-mentioned earthquake, etc. In order to prevent horizontal movement from causing horizontal movement of the upper floor 12, the coefficient of friction between the flat steel plate 22, which is the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20, and the lower surface of the flat steel plate 22 should theoretically be set to zero. It is.

However, in reality, when the coefficient of friction on the upper surface of the flat steel plate 22 is set to zero, when the lower floor 13 is stationary, there is a reaction against the upper floor 12, such as when an object is brought in or a person moves due to walking. The horizontal vibration caused by this causes horizontal movement to the upper floor 12 which is frictionally insulated from the lower floor 13. Therefore, it is necessary that the upper floor 12 be supported by the lower floor 13 with an appropriate frictional force. As long as the upper floor 12 is supported by the lower floor 13 with an appropriate frictional force in this manner, the horizontal movement of the lower floor 13 will more or less synchronize the horizontal movement of the upper floor 12. Therefore, in order to damp the horizontal movement of the upper floor 12 as described above, spring members 31 are provided as elastic horizontal shock absorbers 30 around the four peripheries thereof. In addition, in cases where it is difficult to obtain a desired coefficient of friction between the upper surface of the flat steel plate 22 and the lower surface of the upper floor supporting material 16, when the lower floor 13 is stationary, a slight horizontal force caused by walking or the like may cause the upper floor to 12 from horizontal movement, the spring material 31 serving as the elastic horizontal shock absorber 30 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is replaced with a strong spring material 3 having a large elastic modulus.
By setting it to 1, the action of the horizontal motion regulating device 27 is corrected in the direction of decrease.

In addition, when the friction type horizontal vibration canceling devices 20 interposed between the lower floor 13 and the upper floor 12 are scattered, for example, at a rate of one every 10 to 15, the friction type horizontal vibration canceling devices 20 fixed to the lower floor 13 are When the surface of the flat steel plate 22 that is the horizontal vibration canceling device 20 is made into a very smooth and uniform surface by applying Teflon processing or the like, for example, by making the lower surface of the upper floor support material 16 a rough surface, The coefficient of friction between the upper floor 12 and the flat steel plate 22 is set to 0.1.

At this time, if a load of 200k9/i is applied to the upper floor 12,
If the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20 is installed at a rate of one in every 10 r11, the vibration reduction rate will be 200 for each flat steel plate 22.
A vertical force of 0 kg acts, producing a static friction force of 200 k9 in the horizontal direction between the flat steel plate 22 and the upper floor support member 16. Therefore, unless a force of 200 kg or more is exerted on the upper floor 12 or the flat steel plate 22 in the horizontal direction, no sliding phenomenon will occur between the upper floor support member 16 and the flat steel plate 22. As mentioned above, while the smoothness of the flat steel plate 22 constituting the friction-type horizontal vibration canceling device 20 is kept constant, the lower surface shape of the upper floor supporting material 16 that comes into contact with it is microscopically made into an appropriate shape. The coefficient of friction between the two is set to a desired value, and thus the upper floor 1
This prevents the upper floor 12 from sliding on the flat steel plate 22 with a reduced coefficient of friction during daily work on the upper floor 22. Since the friction-type horizontal vibration canceling device 20 is supported by the elastic vertical motion damping device 40 made of spring material 42, the vertical motion of the lower floor 13 is also prevented from being transmitted to the upper floor 12, and the friction-type horizontal vibration canceler Together with the device 20, the vibration isolation effect on the upper floor 12 is made remarkable.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, a rotating sphere 23 as a friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20 is supported on a subfloor 13 by a spring member 42 as an elastic vertical vibration damping device 40.
The upper floor 12 is placed on top, and the four circumferences of the upper floor 12 are provided with elastic horizontal shock absorbers 30 made of spring material 31 to connect the column 15, which is an extension of the lower floor 13, to the four circumferences of the upper floor 12, as shown in FIG. To support. Since the structure is similar to that of the upper floor, for example, when vibration occurs in the left-right direction and the lower floor 13 moves to the left with acceleration, the upper floor 12 moves over the rotating sphere 23 of the friction-type horizontal vibration canceling device 20. , due to the rotation of the rotating sphere 23, the lower floor 1
The upper floor 12 is relatively moved to the right by the amount of movement to the left of No. 3, and the upper floor 12 remains absolutely stationary. Next, when the lower floor 13 moves to the right with acceleration, the upper floor 12 moves toward the rotating sphere 2.
3, by the rotation of the rotating sphere 23, the upper floor 12 moves to the left relative to the lower floor 13 by the amount of movement of the lower floor 13 to the right, and the upper floor 12 remains absolutely stationary. do.
Therefore, the horizontal acceleration reciprocating motion of the lower floor 13 does not cause any horizontal movement of the upper floor 12, but only rotates the rotating sphere 23, which is the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20, so that the horizontal vibration of the lower floor 13 is reduced. is eliminated by the friction-type horizontal vibration canceler 20, and the transmission to the subfloor 13 is reduced. still,
Friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 2 using this rotating sphere 23
0, even if the rotating sphere 23 serving as the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20 is a rotating sphere rather than sliding friction, the elastic modulus with the upper floor 12 is 0. In order to achieve the desired result, the lower surface of the upper bed 12 may be made rough, so that the elastic modulus of the rotating sphere 23 and the upper bed 12 can be increased as desired. By doing this, the upper floor 12 maintains the required static frictional force against the lower floor 13, and this allows daily operations on the upper floor 12 to be performed. The upper bed 12 is prevented from slipping on the rotating sphere 23 due to the operation. If a force that exceeds the static friction force acts due to an earthquake or the like, and the amplitude is smaller than that of the lower floor 13, horizontal vibration will occur on the upper floor 12, and after the vibration of the lower floor 13 has stopped, horizontal vibration will occur on the upper floor 12. If vibrations remain, move the upper floor 1
The vibration of the upper floor 12 is damped by a spring material 31 serving as an elastic horizontal shock absorber 30 provided between the upper floor 12, the lower floor 13, and the pillar 15 of the wall 1.

In addition, using this friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20, the upper floor 1
2 and the lower floor 13 were tested on a vibration isolation device in which the elastic modulus was constant, as shown in Fig. 4, when the lower floor 13 is subjected to accelerated horizontal vibration of 70 to 80 cal or less, , the upper floor [B] moves and oscillates in the same way with respect to the lower floor [A], but when horizontal vibration exceeding approximately 80 cal is applied to the lower floor [A], the accelerated horizontal vibration of the upper floor [B] is It was found that it did not exceed the specified value. The results of this experiment are based on the upper floor 12 and lower floor 1 set between the upper floor 121 and the lower floor 13.
It has been proven that even if an earthquake of any magnitude occurs, which exceeds the static friction force between 3 and 3, the upper floor 12 of a building that has implemented the vibration isolation method according to the present invention will not experience vibrations exceeding a predetermined level. becomes. In addition, in the present invention, the upper floor 12 and the lower floor 13 are frictionally insulated by the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20, and the lower floor 1
In order to prevent the upper floor 12 from sliding on the lower floor 13 due to the daily horizontal force applied to the upper floor 12 when the upper floor 12 is at rest, the upper floor 1 comes into contact with the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20 as described above.
Although the method of increasing the static elastic modulus by roughening the surface of the upper floor 12 or the lower floor 13 was adopted, this is not the only method; as another example, as shown in FIG. A friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 2 is interposed between the upper floor 12 and the lower floor 13 to prevent mutual movement between the lower floor 13 and the lower floor 13.
A horizontal movement regulating device may be provided in which a stop rod 25 for stopping the function of 0 when desired is inserted into the stop hole 26, thereby preventing horizontal movement of the upper floor 12 when the lower floor 13 is stationary.

The stop rod 25 serving as the horizontal motion regulating device 27 in this embodiment has a structure that breaks when the lower floor 13 receives horizontal acceleration due to large energy such as an earthquake and attempts to move relative to the upper floor 12.

In this way, when the lower floor 13 moves relative to the upper floor 12 with more than a predetermined force, the stop rod 25 breaks, thereby stopping the function of the horizontal motion regulating device 27, and causing the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20 to stop functioning.
The function of is restored, only the lower floor 113 moves, and the horizontal acceleration of the lower floor 13 is not directly transmitted to the upper floor 12. As mentioned above, the horizontal motion regulating device 27 consisting of the stop rod 25 and the stop hole 26 of appropriate strength is installed between the upper floor 12 and the lower floor 13 to stop the function of the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20 provided between the upper floor 12 and the lower floor 13. It is provided between the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20 and the lower floor 13, so that the function of the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20 can be exhibited only when necessary.

Furthermore, the arrangement position and structure of the above-mentioned horizontal movement regulating device 27 are as follows.
The structure is not limited to the one shown in the figure, but it is sufficient that the structure has a function of stopping the function of the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20 except when a horizontal acceleration exceeding a required level is applied to the lower floor 13.

Incidentally, as in the case of direct earthquakes that have recently occurred in various places, the structure may be such that the horizontal motion regulating device 27 consisting of the stop rod 25 and the stop hole 26 is destroyed when an initial vertical movement occurs.

When selecting the strength of the horizontal motion regulating device 27 appropriately, horizontal motion is restricted when an input other than the specified one is applied to the subfloor, such as when a horizontal vibration of 70 to 80 cal is applied to the subfloor 13. Device 27 may be set to be damaged.

As described above, the present invention reduces the input acceleration from the lower floor 13 etc. to the upper floor 12 etc. due to the vibration of the building caused by earthquakes etc. using the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20, and then
The present invention relates to a vibration isolation method for an upper floor 12, etc., characterized in that the vibrations of the upper floor 12, etc. are attenuated by both an elastic horizontal shock absorber 30 and an elastic vertical shock absorber 40.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, both ends of the spring material 31 serving as the elastic horizontal shock absorbing device 30 are fixed to the upper floor 12 and the pillar 15 or the wall 14, respectively, but also as shown in FIG. Only one side of the material 31 is fixed to the upper floor 12, and the upper floor 12
This is prevented when the device moves or vibrates more than a predetermined amount.

The elastic horizontal shock absorbing device 30 has springs 31 installed not only between the four circumferences of the upper floor 12 and the walls 14 or pillars 15, but also between the lower projection 17 of the upper floor and the upper projection 18 of the lower floor, as shown in FIG. In some cases, anti-vibration rubber 41 is attached to the four circumferences of the upper floor 12. As described above, the elastic horizontal shock absorber 30 can be used in combination with the vibration isolation method using the frictional horizontal vibration canceler 20, regardless of how it is installed.
Therefore, a method is adopted to prevent horizontal amplitude of the upper floor 12 from being larger than expected. In all of the embodiments described above, the frictional horizontal vibration canceling device 20 is fixed above the lower floor 13, and the upper floor 12 slides on the frictional horizontal vibration canceling device 20. Without limitation, friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 2
0 may be fixed to the lower side of the upper floor 12, and the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20 may be configured to slide on the upper surface of the lower floor 13.
Furthermore, the surface was treated with Teflon. Alternatively, when using either the flat steel plate 22 as a sliding plate using lubricating oil 24 or the rotating sphere 23, the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device 20 prevents horizontal acceleration from being applied to the upper floor 12. The elastic horizontal shock absorbing device 30 between the upper floor 12, the lower floor 13, the wall 14 or column 15 which is an extension of the lower floor 13, and the lower floor upper protrusion 18,
5, or if any cushioning material such as spring material 31, rubber material 32, or other porous material is used, one or more of these should be used as appropriate. In this case, it is possible to prevent and attenuate vibrations caused by daily work on the upper floor 12 and vibrations caused by earthquakes.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows an upper floor 12 for implementing the upper floor vibration isolation method according to the present invention.
Figures 2, 3, and 5 to 7 are plan views of the main parts of
Each figure is a vertical sectional view of the main part of the embodiment of the upper floor vibration isolation method according to the present invention, and FIG.
] and the lower floor [A]. 11 = Mechanical device installed on the upper floor, 12 = Upper floor, 13 = Lower floor, 14 = Wall, 15 = Column, 16 = Upper floor support material, 17 = Lower projection on the upper floor, 18 = Lower upward projection, 20 = Friction type horizontal Vibration canceling device, 22 = flat steel plate, 23 = rotating sphere, 24
= Lubricating oil, 25 = Stop rod, 26 = Stop hole, 27 = Horizontal motion restriction device, 30 = Elastic horizontal shock absorber, 31 = Spring material, 32 = Rubber material, 40 = Elastic vertical motion shock absorber, 41
= Anti-vibration rubber, 42 = Spring material.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A friction-type horizontal vibration canceling device with a small horizontal friction coefficient interposed between the upper floor and the lower floor of the building, which reduces the transmission of vibrations from the building to the upper floor. The horizontal vibration of the upper floor is damped by an elastic horizontal shock absorber made of an elastic body provided on the circumferential side of the upper floor, and the spring type elastic vertical movement is interposed between the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device and the lower floor. A vibration isolation method for the upper floor that uses a shock absorber to stop vibrations in the upper floor. 2. Horizontal relative movement within the permissible range between the upper floor and the lower floor is prevented by a horizontal movement control device, and when the lower floor causes horizontal relative movement exceeding the permissible range, vibrations of the building are suppressed. A friction-type horizontal vibration canceling device with a small horizontal friction coefficient interposed between the upper floor and the lower floor reduces the transmission of vibration to the upper floor, and an elastic body installed around the upper floor of the building reduces the vibration in the elastic horizontal direction. Vibration isolation of the upper floor, in which the horizontal vibration of the upper floor is damped by a shock absorber, and the vibration of the upper floor is stopped by a spring-type elastic vertical vibration damper interposed between the friction type horizontal vibration canceling device and the lower floor. Method.