JPS605082B2 - microwave parts - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to microwave components, and in particular to a microwave power combiner and/or device using two lumped constant circulators.
Or related to improving the assembly structure of the distributor.

Microwave power distribution and combination circuit configurations are essential elements for microwave power amplification and transmission.

Recently, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, power combiner and power divider systems incorporating an impedance conversion circuit inside a circulator have been considered.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a circulator for power combining.

Two powers are applied to terminals A and B by a transmission line with characteristic impedance Z. 2 circulators 1
, la are each adjusted to have an impedance of Z〇.

Among these, an impedance conversion circuit is installed at the terminal port, and the impedance is adjusted to twice Z. A dummy is loaded on terminal C. The two parts having an impedance of 2Z are connected at point F to form a composite output terminal D.

In this way, the power that has reached the terminal port is combined at point F and supplied to the combined output terminal D, which has a characteristic impedance. The basic idea of this method is that the input impedance seen from point D to the circulator side becomes a momme as a whole, just like two impedances of Zo are connected in parallel, and can be conveniently matched to the characteristic impedance Z on the load side. It is a point. FIG. 2 shows the configuration of a circulator for power distribution. The impedance of the terminal A of the circulator, la, is adjusted by 2Z' via an impedance conversion circuit, and the impedance of the terminal, C, is adjusted publicly. The dummy is loaded on the screen. The two parts having an impedance of 2 are connected at point F to form a distribution input terminal G.

When microwave power is supplied to the distribution input terminal G through a transmission line having a characteristic impedance of
It appears at the terminal ports which are the output terminals of the two circulators 1 and la. Power is then supplied to load A and B terminals having impedances. The basic idea of this method is the same as in Fig. 1, and the input impedance seen from the distribution input terminal G toward the circulation side becomes a momme as a whole with exactly 2Z impedances connected in parallel. This means that the characteristic impedance seen from the power source side than G can be conveniently matched. In the above explanation, the impedance of the terminal C of the circulator is used in both FIGS. 1 and 2, but it does not need to be Z at all, and it is sufficient to match it with the dummy impedance.

In some cases, it is also possible to incorporate a dummy into the cliff of the circulator to serve as an isolator. However, if this method is used as it is, it has the following drawbacks and is not preferable.

'1) It is extremely difficult to accurately determine the input impedance seen from the circulator side at the composite output terminal D and distribution input terminal G.

This is because it is difficult to convert both impedances to exactly the same impedance 2Z' over a wide band using two impedance conversion circuits. (2) For the above reason, reflection at point F during power combination increases, resulting in an increase in insertion loss. (3' Furthermore, although this is a particularly important problem, there was a significant drawback in that the distribution ratio during power distribution could not be made the same.

(4) Also, two impedance conversion circuits are installed inside the weight body.
The space utilization inside the circulator cliff body is poor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a microwave power combiner and/or power combiner that eliminates the drawbacks of the prior art described above, has low loss during power combining, has an excellent distribution ratio during power distribution, and has good space utilization. The purpose is to provide a distributor.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a lumped constant circulator type power combiner and/or distributor configured by combining two three-terminal lumped constant type circulators, in which one of the mesh-shaped central conductors in each circulator is Directly connect any one terminal in parallel inside the cliff body,
An impedance conversion circuit is provided inside the weight body to match the impedance of the resulting portion and the impedance of the external circuit, and the impedance conversion circuit is connected to the outside of the weight body as one common terminal via the impedance conversion circuit. It is something to do.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained according to examples.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the principle of the present invention of a power combiner.

Two powers are applied to terminals A' and B' by a transmission line having a characteristic impedance.

Terminals a', mouth' of two circulators 1' and la',
The impedances of C' and C' are adjusted to approximately the same impedance.

Two of these terminal ports' are directly connected, and the impedance of the connection point F' is approximately Z/2 when viewed from the outside. Further, for matching with an external circuit, an impedance converter is installed between the composite output terminals 〇 and F' extending outside the shell. A dummy Z〇 is loaded onto the terminal C'. In this way, the power that has reached the terminal port' is combined at point F', and then passed through the impedance conversion circuit.
It is supplied to a composite output terminal D' having a characteristic impedance Z. The key point of the present invention is that the terminal port to be directly connected
is the mesh-shaped central conductor itself for forming the lumped constant type circulator. Therefore, strictly speaking, this impedance is not Z, but can be larger or smaller than Z depending on the dimensions of the ferrite core and other parameters. However, the impedances of the other terminals A' and A' are adjusted to Zo as much as possible. Further, in order to widen the band, a resonant circuit may be installed between the mesh-shaped central conductor and the terminals A' and A'. The impedance conversion circuit in this embodiment not only has the effect of simple impedance conversion, but also includes a resonance circuit for widening the band of the circulator. The advantage of this embodiment of the present invention is that compared to the conventional one shown in FIG. 1, there is only one impedance conversion circuit, and the space utilization inside the circulator weight body is significantly improved. Also,
Since the influence of variations in the impedance conversion circuit is removed from the various elements that determine the phase difference at point F',
Another advantage is that the insertion loss during synthesis is considerably improved. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the principle of the present invention of a power divider. The respective terminals A' of the circulators 1' and la' are directly connected, and the impedance of the connection point F' is approximately Zo/2 when viewed from the outside. terminal port′,
The impedance of C' is adjusted to Zo. A dummy Z0 is loaded on terminal C'. Further, for matching with an external circuit, an impedance converter is installed between the distribution input terminals 〇 and F' extending outside the lotus body. In this way, the power input from the terminal G' passes through the impedance conversion circuit and reaches the point F', where the power is divided into two parts and the two circulators 1' and 1a'
appears at the terminal port, which is the output terminal of the Power is then supplied to the B' terminal to a load with impedance Zo. The key point of the present invention is that the terminal A' to be directly connected is the mesh center conductor itself for forming the lumped constant circulator. Therefore, strictly speaking, this impedance is not Z, but can be larger or smaller than Z depending on the dimensions of the ferrite core and other parameters. However, the impedance of the other terminals A' and A' is adjusted to Z〇 as much as possible. In addition, in order to widen the band, a resonant circuit is connected to the mesh center conductor and the terminal opening.
A rhombus is sometimes placed between , and Ha'. The impedance conversion circuit in this embodiment not only has the effect of simple impedance conversion, but also includes a resonance circuit for widening the band of the circulator. The advantage of this embodiment of the present invention is that compared to the conventional one shown in FIG. 2, there is only one impedance conversion circuit, and the space utilization inside the circulator body is significantly improved. Furthermore, since the mesh-like center conductor is directly connected, there is little variation in the impedance of one circulator at point F', so there is almost no occurrence of an extreme difference in distribution loss. FIG. 10 shows the principle of the power divider of the present invention shown in FIG.
This is an example in which the method is applied over a wide band.

The size of the circular cone was 50 x 100 x 25. FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the conventional method shown in FIG. 2 is used. Comparing these two figures, it is clear that the frequency dependence of the distribution loss is significantly improved by using the principles of the present invention.
5 and 6 show external views of an embodiment of the lumped constant circulator type power combiner of the present invention.

The figure shows the circulator viewed from the top and was created using the 500 series. 〇 is a composite output terminal, which appears outside the pupil body as a single terminal. 7 and 8 show external views of an embodiment of the lumped constant circulator type power divider of the present invention.

The figure shows the circulator viewed from the top and was created for the 500 series. G' is a distribution input terminal,
It becomes a terminal and appears outside the lotus body. here,
Although stripline terminals were used for A', /,', mouth', D', and G', it is clear that the effects of the present invention will not change in any way even if they are configured with other connectors, etc. depending on the case. It is.

Further, D' and G' usually appear outside the cone rather than at symmetrical positions in the pupil body, but they may be at asymmetrical positions depending on the case. As described above in detail using the principle diagrams and examples, the present invention has the following advantages.

'1} Since the mesh-like central conductors, which are approximately equivalent in terms of impedance, are directly connected, the increase in insertion loss during synthesis and the variation in distribution loss are extremely small. ■ Since there is only one impedance conversion circuit, space utilization within the circulator pupil is greatly improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are equivalent circuit diagrams of a conventional lumped constant circulator type power combiner/distributor; Figures 3 and 4 are equivalent circuit diagrams showing the basic principle of the present invention; Figures 5 and 6; 7 and 8 are schematic configuration diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 9 is an electrical performance diagram of a conventional product, and FIG. 10 is an electrical performance diagram of a product of the present invention. 1, la: circulator. 4 years old, 2 figures, 3 figures, 4 figures, 5 figures, 5 figures, 8 figures, 8 figures Illustrated talent/o diagram

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Lumped constant circulator type power synthesis and/or consisting of two three-terminal lumped constant circulators
Alternatively, in a distributor, any one terminal of the mesh center conductor in each circulator is directly connected in parallel inside the casing, and an impedance conversion circuit is installed to match the impedance of the resulting part and the impedance of the external circuit. A microwave component, characterized in that it is provided inside a housing and taken out as one common terminal to the outside of the housing via the impedance conversion circuit.