JPS60501736A - Thermally compensated microwave resonator using variable current zero division - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Use variable current zero division thermally compensated microwave resonator Background of the invention Knee IJL 2L” The present invention relates generally to microwave resonators, and more particularly to heat-induced microwave resonators in such resonators. This paper relates to compensation technology for dimensional changes.

2. Description of conventional technology An important objective of current satellite development efforts is increasing net transmit power. for this purpose A long-standing obstacle to achieving to dissipate the considerable amount of heat inherently generated in high power operation. lack of access to practical means of

Traditionally, it actually has a high thermal conductivity and therefore dissipates the heat generated above in a different way. Easily available natural materials such as aluminum that can be overcoming obstacles was not easy. Such materials have a complementary high coefficient of thermal expansion As a result, the resulting lack of judicial stability is generally , is acceptable for the manufacture of tuning elements where frequency stability is an essential issue. do not have.

The first frequency stability requirement is to have inherently low heat dissipation characteristics while remaining dimensionally stable. The use of temperature-invariant materials such as Imphal™, graphite composites and quartz It is typical of the prior art to have limited applications. Eventually, satellite-like This results in transmitter operation in controlled environments typically being limited to low power levels. .

Therefore, the stability of the device increases the output operational capability of the combined narrowband tuning element. Easily adjust available transmit power levels by providing It is the first object of the present invention to increase the

Prior art approaches also have the disadvantage that the typically utilized dimensionally stable materials are expensive. and have structural features that are not conducive to ease of manufacture. There was a drawback that Additionally, these traditionally utilized materials are relatively heavy. Therefore, this is especially undesirable in the inherently weight-sensitive environment of the satellite. It has a strong characteristic.

Therefore, the microwave tuning element 1 is inexpensive, has a simple structure, is light, and is thermally stable. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a.

To the extent that conventional materials are effectively utilized for high-power operations, such operations Typically requires the use of cumbersome supplementary structures. These structures are heat sink elements. or even pressurized assemblies with forced air circulation. Also included. In addition, this type of device has drawbacks for several reasons. No. 1. Even if the use of such a unit is Even if it is possible to increase above the 20 watt range, the above increase is usually at most It is in the vicinity of only 40 watts, which is a limitation of the operating characteristics of the material utilized. It even represents a degree of expansion. In contrast, what is desired is 100 to 200 This is an increase to Watts range. and cost, manufacturing complexity and final weight. Even higher (in addition to giving rise to Lebel, the second A more complex type of mechanism (one type above) to minimize net operational interference. Try cascading the tuned elements or configuring them in other ways. Further synthesize disorders related to seeing. Also, this higher level of complexity is inherently associated with a correspondingly reduced level of ultimate reliability.

It is therefore a further object of the invention to provide a structure which is inherently simple in structure and easy to connect. Thermally stable, high power microwave tuning element with high operational reliability The goal is to provide the following.

Effective and effective for dimensionally stable thermal compensation of narrowband tuned microwave elements. Since the concept of cheap and light means does not limit the applicable satellite environment, the present invention may still generalize the ultimate operational complexity of such elements in different environments. Note that we provide a means for lowering the

Summary of the invention According to the inventive concept, the microwave resonator is propagated along the zero current position. Generally provided with variable cavity type division. The stated limitations of the prior art are overcome and the other purposes listed are that the current zero division described above is The unique shape of the resonator also absorbs heat and prevents heat-induced changes. When used in conjunction with a complementary mechanism that operates on This will be achieved when the goal is also more clearly formed.

A further particular aspect of the invention is a resonance system having both longitudinal and transverse magnitudes with respect to the propagation axis. Three such complementary mechanisms are used to prevent changes in the typical situation of the vessel. Provides ism.

The first of the above complementary mechanisms suppresses the unique longitudinal size change of the resonator. It is a thermally invariant assembly that provides thermal stabilization. The second is other By introducing a longitudinal change that is inversely proportional to the uncompensated lateral change in the state of , a thermally responsive structure formed to provide thermal compensation. the other two heat that can be used in conjunction with any deviation and formed as part of the cavity A third mechanism that can take the form of an invariant insert is the unique lateral Additional degree of thermal stability by suppressing thermally induced changes in direction is made possible.

Brief description of the drawing The advantages and objectives of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, particularly when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It will become clear from the question. That is, Fig. 1 shows that along the position of zero propagating current, Variable sky! The Ili wall division also has a unique shape with compensation to counter thermally induced changes. 1 is a perspective view of a microwave resonator provided also with a foot mechanism; FIG.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the resonator of FIG. 1 taken along line 2--2.

Figure 3 shows the unique longitudinal dimension of the above resonator, which suppresses thermally induced changes in the size of the resonator. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a thermally invariant bar assembly for use in a thermally invariant bar assembly;

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a single stage differential assembly covering a shaker; FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view of a dual stage version of the assembly of FIG. 4; FIG.

Figure 6 shows thermal deficiencies for suppressing thermally induced changes in the lateral shape of the resonator. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the mechanism of change.

Detailed description of the invention ■ Principle of invention A. Current zero division For the exemplary microwave resonator 100 of FIG. 105 is provided. In the present invention, microwave energy of matched frequencies is When propagating over the resonator applied to an input port such as an iris 135, The above division results in a current distribution pattern appearing regularly on the wall 125 of the cavity 110. It is specified that it should be formed at the zero position.

For some applications, both the sky 1Sl 1110 and the division 105, the above division is of size It is particularly preferably formed such that it is physically variable in its properties.

Significant dynamics caused by placing a variably shaped divider at this type of current zero The result of this work is that such a change in the cavity that occurs at zero has a minimum effect on the function of the resonator. This means that it will have an impact. This connects adjacently placed devices. deliberately placed at the maximum current so that the matching microwave is maximized. This should be compared with the position of the iris 135 formed above.

Even if only one current zero 105 is present during microwave propagation, the wall 1 Although the actual number of zeros is assumed to be located along the will tend to be a function of parameters. Under typical operating conditions, many It can be expected that such zeros will appear.

B. Cavity characteristics Facilitates disclosure of more specific inventive concepts described in subsequent portions of the specification Therefore, it is useful to clearly identify various typically unique characteristics of the resonator 100. Even more preferred. Therefore, it is sized to establish the unique shape of the resonator 100. It is preferred to describe the cavity 110 in more detail as defined by the walls 125. Delicious. As is well known, the unique shape concept is based on the resonant characteristics of the resonator and We refer to the special dimensions that define those cavities that affect the properties of propagation. It is further noted that 0 means that the microwave energy applied to the input iris 135 is about the propagation axis. With the cavity having a unique longitudinal shape and a unique lateral shape, this propagation formed to be guided along an axis. The cavity walls 125 have a relative The fissure includes laterally disposed end plates 155 and 160 with eyes, and - the combined unique lateral dimension of the resonator measured with respect to the propagation axis The same can be elaborated in more detail to establish. Similarly, the cavity wall 125 , side walls 16 with their own longitudinal dimensions, such as lengths raJ and rbJ. Contains 5. The separation of the wall 165 is confirmed by oriented in its lateral direction with respect to the propagation axis. and not only with respect to this axis but also with respect to said side wall 165. It is possible to state that the current zero 105 is arranged vertically along the let Even if the illustrated current zero division is located at the longitudinal center of cavity 110, Although it is shown that the It is also understood that corresponding non-central locations are readily apparent features within the scope of the invention. In addition, comment 1 submitted in advance indicates that additional attention can be paid to It involves multiple zero effects with respect to .

For an even more particular aspect of the invention, the cavity 110 is characterized in that said propagation axis is substantially straight. can be stated as being formed as follows. Furthermore, the end plate 15 5 and 160 are then arranged orthogonally with respect to this straight axis. can be

The lateral configuration of sidewall 165 provides a combined unique lateral dimension of resonator 100. There are operational situations in which it is preferable to explicitly use the conceptualization of establishing I would also like to receive more attention.

C9 heat compensation A current zero division, such as the previously described division 105 of FIG. can be used to provide a combined microwave resonator.

1. Unique compensation Establishing the unique shape of the above resonator, and During the microwave propagation through the resonator, there is at least one current zero along to have a cavity defined by walls sized as required, placed In the more specific situation referred to above, the resonator described above is thermally compensated. The current zero division is also achieved by a complementary unique compensation device operatively coupled to the cavity wall above. The chair also generally has a heat compensation mechanism that includes It can be achieved. The complementary device is guided by the heat of the unique shape of the resonator. The current zero division described above acts to counteract the changes caused by the heat induced in the wall dimension. work to absorb the changes that occur. Depending on the way the above division is formed, its variations Absorption occurs along the cavity wall location above where the propagation current is zero, where a given division is formed. Ru.

Therefore, the absorbed change is likely to occur across the divided current zero. Ru.

Also mentioned somewhat above is the first The exemplary resonator of the figure specifically possesses the features necessary for such thermal compensation. This is how it can be considered.

For this exemplary resonator, the thermal compensation mechanism described above is independent of the schematically illustrated In particular, the current zero divider 105 is included, along with special compensation devices 170 and 175. That can be seen. Therefore the thermally induced change in the wall dimension at ζ cross zero The end plates 155 and 1 of the cavity wall 125, with the division 105 serving to absorb 60 can be seen operatively coupled to the above unique compensation device. provides the required inhibition of thermally induced changes in the unique shape of the resonator 100. provide. The exemplary mechanization shown is mounted externally to the cavity 110 and therefore Note that devices 170 and 175 are shown. Even if installed internally Also, even if possible, the external arrangement described above may adversely affect operational characteristics. Enables the cavity to remain free from internal disturbances that can affect the Therefore, it is preferable. (The planned insertion of the tuning element 1 into the above cavity is shown in the specification. will be mentioned separately in the later sections. ) The combined end plates 155 and 160 are formed in such a way that there are 17 rows (diagonally) In the typical situation of a resonator, such as that of the cylinder shown in Figure 1, the resonator's It is usually effective to arrange the unique compensation devices symmetrically around the circumference. It should also be noted that there may be. This symmetrical arrangement allows The net compensation effect of the device is evenly distributed around the above-mentioned periphery and therefore the thermal change This creates another parallel relationship between the end plates to be maintained during compensation. resonator 100 are therefore arranged symmetrically around the outer circumference of the resonator at intervals of 12°. The cross-sectional view of FIG. It can be seen at. The output iris now visible on end wall 160 is shown. The input iris 135 shown in FIG. It should also be noted that this may be the case.

As a supplement to the previously submitted discussion of unique shapes, various illustrated resonators It is clearly made clear that only the exact cylindrical shape of Further attention should be paid to The concept of the invention can be applied to other types of lateral shapes such as cuboids. easily into resonators with lateral shapes and other types of lateral shapes like body curves It is obvious that it can be applied. This concept can be applied, for example, to provides a coaxial resonator with thermal compensation capability by an end wall with a current 2a division of It can also be used extensively.

2. Realization of alternatives In certain circumstances, most of the above-mentioned The special stabilization device can be specifically implemented in at least two distinct configurations. Wear. The first of these configurations is that the heat in various aspects of the unique shape of the resonator Provides a resonator with thermal stability by suppressing changes induced in .

In comparison, the second configuration actively makes unique changes that are inversely proportional to these induced heats. lead to target.

a. Unique stabilization This first more specific constituent function In order to more easily and correctly recognize this method, the resonator should have at least the following four characteristics. Discuss the configuration in the detailed situation presented above that appears to include the The above four characteristics are as follows: firstly, the applied microwave The cavity is formed such that the energy is guided along the propagation axis. , secondly, the cavity has a unique longitudinal shape and a unique lateral shape with respect to this propagation axis. The third is that the cavity wall has (1) a relative crack that resonates with the eye. There are also laterally arranged end plates (, 1i) also includes longitudinally disposed side walls having dimensions in one direction, and Fourth, at least one current zero is placed longitudinally along the stated sidewall. It is horizontal zero.

In this detailed situation, The unique compensation device of the previously presented thermal compensation mechanism is operatively coupled to the disposed endplates and thermally coupled to the unique longitudinal dimensions of the resonator. Unique stabilization mechanism that does not respond to heat to suppress induced changes can be specifically defined to include. (1) Electricity of the above thermal compensation mechanism It is specifically specified that the flow zero division is included in the stated side wall of said cavity wall. and (2) that it can be absorbed by the above division. this This information also explains that the change in the dimensions of the side walls is a longitudinal change in the size of the side walls. In the current situation. Its absorption function changes the unique longitudinal dimension of the resonator Note that in this situation the above division is formed as if it were made without I want to be cared for.

Thermal compensation mechanism of the above resonator A particular embodiment according to which can be provided with a unique stabilizing cavity is given in FIG. This figure shows a cross-sectional view of a thermally compensated resonator 300. It is. The illustrated resonator can be provided with the four detailed features detailed above. , and the propagation axis 350 is a human body straight line, and the moon end plates 355 and 360 are the propagation axis not only arranged laterally with respect to this axis, but also specifically orthogonally with respect to this axis It can be seen that the cavity 310 is formed in a more specific manner. can be Furthermore, the current zero division 3Q5 described in (g) is absorbed by the division 305. The change in justice obtained is measured vertically with respect to the -V2 axis 350, as required. The change in the magnitude of the side wall dimensions "a" and [lJ as shown in FIG. It is seen that it is included in 365.

In very specific circumstances, The unique stabilization mechanism combines the end plates 355 and 360 is surrounded by a thermally stabilized bar assembly 370 that functions to hold the . Additionally, the bar assembly 370 is made of Imphal, quartz, and a suitable graphite composite. The characteristics of the rod 375 made of a material that does not react with heat are as follows. It can be further elaborated.

Symmetrical arrangement of the above compensation devices Regarding comments 1~, including the location, for convenience of explanation, a typical complex Only one of a number of such devices is explicitly shown and mentioned. This will be clear not only in FIG. 3, but also in FIGS. 4 and 5.

b. Unique reverse change Due to the above unique compensation device The second basic configuration of is different from the first of the two main methods described above. Up While the first configuration does not struggle against thermal changes and remains unchanged, the second configuration The composition is deliberately made responsive to such changes. Roughly, the first mechanism mentioned above whereas the ism necessarily provided a permanent stabilization for the microwave cavity The second mechanism described above intentionally induces a unique shape change. Changes in cavity shape ``Different'': these positively derived inversely proportional to the set of By implementing these changes, the final unique compensation can be reached and therefore Wavenumber stabilization is achieved.

A more descriptive explanation of the second configuration above. The presentation of embodiments is detailed, such as those specifically specified for thermally invariant configurations. Is it going to be executed in a similar type of environment? to be intentional More can be included. As mentioned above, environments that exhibit these four characteristics (1) the propagation axis, (2) the unique longitudinal and lateral shape, and 3) the cavity wall end plates and Sidewall component elements and (4) vertical sidewall internal arrangement with zero current in the lateral direction including location. The vertically oriented sidewalls described above have unique vertical dimensions. Not only the lateral By explicitly stating that it owns the configuration, the complete set of counterregulatory mechanisms below It is also important to note that more detailed descriptions will be made.

In this more specific environment, A second configuration for the unique compensation device is operatively coupled to the end plate and The resonant function is Unique heat-responsive inverse adjustment, which is to change the unique longitudinal size of the shaker It can be roughly described as surrounding mechanisms. mentioned above As such, the regulatory mechanism is such that actively induced longitudinal changes occur thermally. formed to be inversely proportional to lateral changes.

Before proceeding to a description of the second configuration of the compensation device, it is important to note that induced longitudinal changes and thermally induced changes in the overall unique shape of the resonator. In the particular environment mentioned, the unique characteristics of the resonator, such as establishing an inverse proportionality between The opposite mechanism generally provides the ability to change the vertical dimension. As just a limited adaptation of the more general combination of aspects 1, for thermal compensation It can be seen that the use of opposite unique regulatory mechanisms (=ladditionally It will be noted here. For completion purposes, this more general combination of The second aspect is typically a current zero division of the type that will be briefly described below. There is also one thing that I would like to draw your attention to.

The second structure of the unique compensation device The current zero division for the It is similar to the first configuration, which is to absorb the change once more. however , of the second configuration! In particular, the above division is induced by the regulatory mechanism of the second configuration. These longitudinal variations in the unique size of all resonators are also compensated for by absorbing them. There are substantial demands. Also, the absorption of the dimensions of the above divisions for the first configuration is alone did not change the unique longitudinal dimension of the resonator, so the unique longitudinal variation The supplementary absorption of It does not cause

As execution of the above second configuration, An example of a mechanized thermally compensated microwave resonator-1 given in FIG. Ru. The thermally compensated resonator 400 of FIG. 4 has the configuration first described in FIG. Enumerated features similar to those specified as being part of the cavity for It becomes clear that the cavity 410 has the following properties: Above cavity 4 10 is therefore such that the propagation axis 450 is generally straight and the end plates 455 and 465 are are again arranged so that they are orthogonal to the propagation axis. The above cavity is It further includes said wall 465 forming a zero flow division 405 .

However, in complementary contrast to the specific example of the first configuration above, each of the first and and a second end plate to generally connect end plates 460 and 455. It will be found suitable for the more detailed explanation of the mechanism presented below.

i, single differential compensation It has now been described in detail at least one inverse unique adjustment mechanism for a microwave resonator such as Contains a differential assembly.

can be prescribed. Each such unit consists of two elements should include. That is, the first reacts with heat, and (a) the opposite first and terminating at the second end and (b) disposed longitudinally with respect to the stated propagation axis; It has a directional magnitude. In this longitudinal arrangement, the first end is connected to the second end. is required to be positioned towards the second end plate, whereas the first end It is required to be placed facing the board. The second element above is based on two mechanisms. It is a heat-insensitive mechanism that performs functions one after another.

That is, the two functions are: (a) placing the first longitudinal end in a thermally invariant relationship with the second end plate; and (b) holding a second longitudinal end in a thermally invariant relationship with the first end plate. It is to maintain.

The resonator in Figure 4 clearly shows that As can be seen, the differential assembly appears as a general element 470 . This assembly 470 is in turn reacting to temperature, such as the heat-responsive Nilemene 1~. Contains sensitive component 473. Component 473 is attached to propagation axis 450. 471 and 472, thus ending in opposite @471 and 472 It can be seen that it has a vertical dimension. The breather 471 is connected to the end 472 or the end. 1. with the second longitudinal end being joined together; Think of it as the first vertical edge. It is preferable that The first end 471 is connected to the second end 472 to the second end plate 455. and necessarily arranged towards the first end plate 460. I can see what is going on.

Thermal of the above differential assembly It can be seen that the part that does not respond to the reaction is filled with two parts. No. 1 includes a heat-invariant bar 480 having opposite first and second ends 481 and 482; It is. The second is the yaw 49 which right the opposite first and second ends 491 and 492. It is 0.

First longitudinal end 471 the first end 481 of said constant bar fastened to Qi; and fastened to plate 455; With opposite end 482, first end 471 is in thermally invariant contact with second end plate 455. It is clear that the relationship is maintained as desired. First vertical end plate 46 1491 of the heat-invariant yoke 4.90 tightened to 0, and the second longitudinal With the opposite yoke end 492 fastened to the direction end 472, the end 472 It is also held in a desired thermally constant relationship with the end plate 4.60 of 1. It's pretty obvious.

These heat invariant installations Considering this, the thermal change of Niremen h473 is calculated by the above current zero division 405. As a result of the unique longitudinal dimensions of the cavity 410, the desired absorption occurs. 460 relative movement with respect to the second end plate 455. Cheating will inevitably become apparent. Environmental heat changes cause heat sensitive element 473 The differential nature of this configuration causes a unique length contraction of the cavity when expanded differently. It is even more necessarily obvious that Empty under the condition of contraction of element 473 Torso expansion can occur differently.

Heat for all resonators For the ultimate purpose of compensation, the illustrated resonator 400 is placed in the lateral direction of the cavity 410. The lack of a special mechanism to counteract thermally induced changes in shape is currently It is important to be careful. They therefore change the environmental temperature and the lateral The change relationship between the final change in shape tends to be direct rather than inverse. Yo Therefore, a direct change in the lateral shape of the air conditioner 410 induced by otherwise free heat is the vertical dimension of the cavity achieved by the differential IS mechanism 470. Because it can be offset by appropriately regulated heat-induced changes, The desired unique compensation for every resonator is achieved through the resulting inverse proportionality relationship. can be achieved by

In actual mechanization, The complementary portions 473a and /173b of the thermally responsive element are arranged in a cylindrical assembly. Can be filled with yellowtail. Typically, the closed end of the cylinder is It can be used as the first longitudinal end 471 of the thermally responsive element 473. The case element ends 471a and 471b are connected to each other on the cylindrical bottom. will constitute the parts together. The opposite joined end of the cylinder is equipped with a heat-responsive element. It will be similar in construction to the second vertical direction of the ment 473, and the end It will also include portions 472a and 472b. Similarly, the yoke 490 also a first cylindrical end to be positioned toward and fastened to the first end plate 465; by a heat-invariant cylindrical assembly with a closed end that can be used as You can be satisfied. In analogy with the yoke feature shown in FIG. This first cylindrical end will surround the illustrated yoke end 491. In this situation yoke end 492 and is positioned toward second end plate 455. and the second longitudinal end 4 of the heat-responsive cylindrical assembly described above. Such a cylinder would naturally have an opposite second end which would be clamped to 72. Dew. Thus, the thermally invariant bar 480 has cylindrical portions 471a and 471b. with its first end 481 fastened to and fastened to the second end plate 455. can be thought of as having a second end 482 opposite the .

ii, multiple differential compensation Additional degree of differential speed control To provide a resonator with nodes, the single element 473 of FIG. In a multi-stage assembly, such as the exemplary mechanism 570 shown in the figure, the yoke 4 With appropriate modifications to 90, it can be expanded.

JiQ Pre-presented comments including the ability of general moderation of all counter-regulatory mechanisms As a complement to the additional degree of regulation achieved by the multi-stage mechanism It is further noted that degrees enable the performance of additional specific functions.

Therefore, it is useful to utilize the ability of the inverse relationship to understand equalizing compensation effects. and in addition to equal overcompensation in response to thermally induced changes in the general cavity shape. It can also be used, for example, to achieve in a coupled resonator that I can do it again.

Also with respect to the exemplary mechanism 570, the peripherally spaced Typically, there are three such structures in parallel for a typical cylindrical resonator. Note further that it is again used to provide plate compensation. Typically Combined I-cavities may or may not be similar to those given in the previous drawings. I would also like to receive more attention. ) and those adjacent to the end plate mechanism. Only cavity wall portions 555 and 560 are included in this discussion.

− of the counter-regulatory mechanism mentioned above. A special version includes a thermally invariant yoke assembly 590 as well as a thermally invariant buffer. -assembly 580. of these assemblies Both correspond to similar elements in Figure 4 and therefore will not be discussed further. Dew. Adjustment components below bar assembly 580 or aligned with one of them. and these lower components are in specific examples as described below. (can be used specifically to implement q-additively formed mechanisms) Because it can be taken to form a complementary part of the cylindrical assembly, , these components 1- are likewise not further mentioned in this part of the specification. It is also clear that there will be.

/a/　Sample that reacts to heat element Figure 4 Soil With respect to the specific mechanism described in conjunction with point 473 and particularly presented in FIG. This fruit, which can be considered as a specialized form of the heat-responsive element described, Embodiments include a plurality of additionally formed paired first and second thermally responsive coverings. Including elements can be considered in general contracts. Fifth In the exemplary mechanism shown, the plurality of subelements 574 and 577 It can be seen that there is only one pair of sub-elements. Them →Each of the knob elements has a longitudinal direction terminating at opposite first and second intermediate ends. For a resonator placed outside the field of view, it is seen to have a magnitude of . sub The first intermediate end of element 574 is connected to the second intermediate end of the same sub-element. 576 minutes versus 575 minutes. The first intermediate end 575 is with a second intermediate end 576 similarly disposed toward the second end plate 55; It can be seen that the end plate 560 of FIG. Subelement 577 is Similarly, disposed toward the first and second end plates 560 and 555, respectively, have their own respective first and second intermediate ends 578 and 579.

For purposes of illustration, the first pair of members and a second paired member. It will be convenient later. In the illustrated embodiment, the sub-elements are element 574 becomes the coupled second member of the pair, sub-element 577 and can be considered as the first member of the pair.

First plural parts and last plural parts Assuming that you have a member, you can think of multiple paired sub-elements for each member. , would be even more preferable. There is only one pair of subelements, as shown. For certain situations, the first plurality of members may be similar to the first pair of members 574. , and the last plurality of members is necessarily similar to the second pair of members 577. Figure 5 Paired subelements specifically formed in a manner similar to that shown in Additionally, in some more common cases, the bar assembly 580 The final pair of members attached to the yoke assembly 590 are connected in a similar manner. will be the last multi-member joined, whereas it will be the first multi-member joined. It will be.

Multiple disassemblies can be The present purpose of the general situation considered again as a specialized case of assembly For this reason, the basic heat-responsive element described above in conjunction with element 473 of FIG. Line table Un 60-501 ';': (l; (1 ■ terminology) The consistency is similar to the first end of the heat-responsive element described above. The first intermediate end of the first pair member of the plurality of two members and the above-mentioned in a similar construction. the second end of the last plurality of members such that the second end of the heat responsive element coincides with the second end of the heat responsive element; is maintained by indicating the second intermediate end of the paired member. Specific to the equipment shown. The first intermediate end 575 of the first pair member 574, as applied to 4 corresponds to the first end 471a of the heat-responsive element 473 of the configuration shown in FIG. can be taken as Similarly, the second intermediate end of the second pair member 577 579 can be considered as coinciding with the second end 472a of element 473. I can do it.

Theory of mechanism in general case In this situation of multiple paired subelements formed additively, In this case, consecutive pairs cover sub-elements formed adjacent to each other. This is completed by noting that it will be formed by Therefore, multiple The first pair and some of the remaining second pair members of the plurality of pairs of will be the first pair member of each of a plurality of pairs. For example, heat-sensitive In situations where the element contains additional paired sub-elements, the second paired part The material 577 will become the first pair member of the following pairs γ /b/ Does not react to heat submechanism to the fever mentioned above In addition to the reactive sub-elements, there are generally formed thermally responsive multiple differential amplifiers. The assembly is coupled in a thermally invariant relationship with the first intermediate end of the coupled second pair of members. those sub-members which serve to hold the second intermediate end of the first pair of members for each pair of heat-responsive subelements, along with each of the canisms. may include one or more heat-insensitive sub-mechanisms for each purpose. Shown in Figure 5 The elongated portion 585, particularly as mechanized in the illustrated embodiment, is non-thermally responsive. The first - of the second paired member 577 serves as a sub-mechanism and is thus coupled. The second intermediate end 576 of the first pair member 574 is in a thermally invariant relationship with the intermediate end 578 of the hold. Therefore, generalizations containing one or more pairs of heat-responsive subelements In the circumstances in which the It is clear that there is one such thermally invariant sub mechanism for pairs that It is clear.

Shown in Figure 5 The various subelements and submechanisms are assembled into an interleaved cylindrical assembly. The mechanism in Figure 4 can also be implemented similarly as an assembly. Please be careful when dealing with such companies.

2 gu 3. Lateral stabilization Figure 6 shows the thermal profile of the lateral shape of the resonator. The resonator's total thermal compensation mechanism has the additional ability to counteract the changes induced in the resonator. can be utilized in conjunction with the unique compensation devices previously described to provide It shows the arrangement.

The arrangement presented in Figure 6 is applied Microwave energy creates both a unique vertical shape and a unique horizontal shape. With respect to the propagation axis 650, the air 1ji 610 is guided by the propagation axis 650. The resonator 600 is more specifically described as including an air conditioner 610 formed to Similar to those in FIGS. 3 and 4, which can be Lateral stability of this arrangement will be counteracted by a unique compensation device to focus on the It should also be clearly specified that the change will be a change in the unique shape in the longitudinal direction. becomes more convenient.

For the arrangement currently presented in FIG. 6, the total thermal compensation mechanism for the resonator 600 The function is to suppress thermally induced changes in the unique lateral shape of the resonator. may include a thermally non-responsive lateral stabilizing element 670 as shown. can.

to themselves, like raj or bj It has a determinable vertical force, and the transverse configuration is unique to the coupled resonator. including longitudinally disposed side walls 665 that establish a particular lateral dimension; In even more specific operating situations where cavity walls 625 are mentioned, lateral stabilization mechanisms Canism 670 is more obvious as it includes multiple thermally non-responsive sidewall segments. It can be stated with certainty. The illustrated cavity of FIG. component 670. A predetermined segment is a longitudinally extending cone of sidewall 665. typically formed as a component and with a unique lateral structure similar to that of the sidewalls. will typically have growth. Each such segment is connected to the opposite first and Specify that the cover ends at the second end, i.e., ends 671 and 672 as shown. and is further preferred, each of the ends of said segment being in the illustrated situation includes current zero divisions represented by divisions 605 and 60'7. Cavity 61 In these cases where 0 has a normal annular lateral shape, graphite composites such as A very simple stabilization mechanism for the synthesis of rings of suitable heat-insensitive substances67 It is preferable to form it to 0. Invariant to ambient temperature fluctuations, therefore -C This graphite by providing for the measurement of diameter constraints for the total resonator 600 The ring achieves a degree of thermal compensation and therefore a corresponding degree of frequency stabilization. Contribute to

Regarding external installation of unique compensation devices. As a supplement to the comments provided, element 670 has the opposite operational characteristics. This is a way to have the effect again in a different way, without it sticking out into the cavity. A lateral stabilizing element 670 is attached to the outside of the cavity 610. Please note that it is preferable to This non-operatively protruding configuration is again shown below. The stated desired tuning element is free from other internal disturbances. Allow torso.

The situation illustrated in Figure 6 is It should also be noted that this differs from the previously described embodiments, which include a flow zero division. one or more The existence of a division of Those skilled in the art will understand that. Because a typical stabilizing ring would be rather thin , and a given zero simply identifies a relatively wider region of reduced current strength. The division of a given ring can therefore be thought of more generally as a part of The end must be in the low current area and still satisfy the zero position requirement to this extent. can be expected.

Such a zero is located in the longitudinal direction of the resonator. Along its unique length, the resonator produces half-wavelength intervals along its axis. Also, can it be designed to contain many zeros? Intentionality I can do it. Therefore, positioning different divisions into separate ones of these multiple zeros It is convenient for alternative configurations that the resonator generally has multiple divisions. It would be possible.

4. Thermal conductive material An important objective of the present invention is to It will be recalled that this makes it possible to greatly increase the output operating capacity of the It will be. The various above-mentioned forms of compensation mechanisms traditionally have high thermal conductivity. A typically unavoidable result of any attempt to create a resonator of interest from a material that :2S (Thus, various mechanisms are likely to emerge) to counteract the heat-induced changes in justice. To enable the above-mentioned purpose of the light to be understood. For this reason, even if aluminum The dimensional properties of substances such as aluminum, magnesium and zinc are very temperature sensitive. The present invention is used for microwave narrowband tuning elements even with These highly thermally conductive materials make this possible.

5. Microwave seal The current zero division of the present invention is flexible cross-split connection mechanisms for joined sections of cavity walls. Cavity wall coverings typically take the form of taken. In some operating situations, even if it is not necessary, In this case, this connected crack of microwave energy leaks through the eye, 2 It is further preferred to provide a mechanism for preventing. The conventional method Variants of canism can be utilized to provide this sealing ability). . Some types of flexible or expansion joints have some degree of such sealing ability. Note that it can be provided innately. Therefore, the structure presented in advance It can be considered that a dividing device of any size has suitable sealing means. Therefore, Such as the unillustrated embodiment of fitting 195 of FIG. 1, and fitting 395 of FIG. Such as the illustrated embodiments of fitting 495 in FIG. 4 and fittings 685 and 695 in FIG. The sealing mechanism is Components 396, 496 and 686 and 696 are illustrated.

6. Tuning element A microwave resonator is typically a microphone A conventional screw-like Contains tone elements. The heat of the present invention provides an added degree of thermal stabilization. The cavity tuned Niremen 1~ utilized for compensated cavity is like Imphal. It can be specified that it is formed from a material that does not react with heat. That's it A specific example form of a heat-insensitive tuning element is the element shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Ment 102, 103 and 104S, Niremen l-302 in Figure 3, E in Figure 4 element 402 and appears as element 602 in FIG. The situation in Figure 6 In the tuning elements 1 to 602, one element shown is a ring connection. On the lateral stabilizing ring 670 between the combined current zero divisions 605 and 607 Note that it can be more clearly thought of as a horizontal discipline alignment element composed of I want to be

Description of the formation of substances that do not react to heat In addition to providing their own cavity, they It is also possible to provide unique compensation mechanisms along with own cavity tuning capabilities. I would also like to draw your attention to this. Such unique tuning devices are Included in the illustrated version of the resonator shown. The tuning device is therefore Element 172 for the combined unique compensation device 170 and 175 of FIG. and 177 as element 340 for compensation unit 370 in FIG. , as element 440 for compensation unit 470 in FIG. 4, and as element 440 for compensation unit 470 in FIG. Appears as element 540 for compensation unit 570. Such a synchronization The vise is further heat-responsive as Imphal in accordance with the purpose of the present invention. The adjusting nut assembly is preferably formed from a material that does not It can be seen that further inclusions of conventional combinations are included. Therefore, the analogy For example, the unique longitudinal tuning for the device of FIG. 42 and both nuts on screw 444. A similar effect can be achieved for the resonator of FIG. 4 by adjusting nuts 442 and 443. can be lost.

The previously presented Regarding the comments, it is emphasized that in this context of non-thermally responsive components, For thermal stabilization purposes, the coaxial resonator formed in the invention is made of thermally invariant material. It should also be noted that typically a center conductor formed from

■、Mathematical analysis experienced in an exemplary operating situation involving specific embodiments of various inventive concepts; A mathematical analysis of typical dimensions and frequency variations will be given next.

A. Cylindrical resonator 1. Basic relationships Resonant frequency of a cylindrical resonator with diameter and length L and operating in TF mode. is given by.

(2) D=2.500 inches and L=2.000 inches The resonant frequency of a typical resonator is =4.04476 GHz become.

Microwave hardware for communication satellites The temperature changes experienced typically vary over ±50'F intervals.

The combined induced change in cavity dimensions is given by the equation %formula%) ) is given by However, for D' and L', the expansion coefficient of the substance is α, and the temperature The new diameter and length when the change is ∆min.

In the specific example of a silver-plated Imphal resonator, the resultant expansion coefficient α is 2× (10)'-inch/inch/°F. Therefore, a temperature change of 50°F In the Imphal resonator, (5) D’=2.500(1+(2x(10)’)x50)=2.50025 inch, and L' = 2.000 (1 + (2x (10)') x 50) = 2.00020 inch will increase to new dimensions. The coupled thermally altered resonant frequency So, "" 4, 04437 01-12 become. Therefore, the net frequency variation is <7) △f=-0,00039GHz , Aruiha △f--0,39MH2 It would be.

α-13X(10) - Lightweight aluminum with an expansion rate of 6 inches/inch/° resonators made from aluminum alloys or other tuned elements], in contrast to thermal The judicial system that has been changed (8) D’=2.50163 inches and P L’-2,0013 inches The new resonant frequency will be = 4.04213 GHz It will be. This is therefore similar to the Imphal resonator with respect to Equation 7. It can be seen that the size is more than 6 times that of (10) △f--0゜OO263G)Iz, or Δf--2.63M Hz represents the uncompensated frequency variation of .

2. Length stabilization The lengths are the same as given in Figure 3. are constrained by impal rods shaped similarly, but whose diameters are compensated differently. and the impal rod has an expansion coefficient of α-1,X(10)-6 inch/inch. For an aluminum resonator given that it will have a CH/’F, 50″ The thermally changed dimensions after Fm degree change are: (11) D' = 2.50163 inches, and L' = 2.00010 inches Nchi and the combined resonant frequency is =4.04342 GT(Z It will be. For thermally inalterable aluminum resonators, this (13) △f=-0,00134GHz, or Δf--1.34 MHz will represent the net frequency variation of . By comparison with Equation 1o, this is compensated for by Represents a significant improvement in frequency stability compared to all aluminum resonators That can be seen.

3. Reverse change According to the principles stated in conjunction with Figure 4 differential bar assembly made of both impal and aluminum. When using an assembly, the effective A high expansion rate is achieved. For a temperature change of 50″F, (14) D’=2150163 inches, and L’=1.99900 inches blood and the combined resonant frequency is (15) f’ = 4.044615 GHz Takemyo Showa O-50173G ( 13). The frequency variation is therefore <16) Δf=o, Io00145 GHz, or Δf=0.145 M Hz It will be only. By comparing again with Equation 10, this shows that all aluminum It can be seen that there is an even greater improvement in stability compared to the Um cavity. Can be done. Also, by comparison with Equation 7, this far outweighs all Imphal resonators. It can further be seen that it represents an improvement over.

If magnet is used instead of aluminum If sium is utilized in the differential assembly, α--11,4X (10) model An effective expansion rate of in/in/’F can be achieved, with a new 50 ″F dimension is (17) D' = 2.50163 inches, and L' = 1.99886 inches Nchi = 4.044755 GHz becomes a new resonant frequency, and (19) Δf=-0,0000046GHz=-0,0046MH2 =-4,6KHz The combined new frequency changes will be: C greater than 4GHz This net frequency of only 4.6KHz for a resonator with a nominal operating frequency of It can be observed that wavenumber fluctuations represent essentially zero frequency changes. .

Even if it is theoretically possible to set α exactly such that the frequency change is exactly zero, Even though it is possible to It will be clear that this will typically prevent the achievement of

B. Rectangular parallelepiped resonator The resonant frequency for a rectangular parallelepiped waveguide resonator operating in TE+o+ mode is: where A and 1 are the width and length of the resonator in inches. Ru. For a typical resonator, if (21) A = 0.750 inches, and 1--0.600 inch If so, the resonant frequency is = 12.594620t, I2 become.

7 Aluminum should be used as the resonator material and a 50″F temperature increase In a situation where (23) A' = 0.7504875 inch, and L' = 0.60039 0 inches and the combined frequency is (24) f' = 12. '58644 GH2. cannot be changed thermally Compared to a rectangular parallelepiped resonator, this (25) Δf=-0,00818GHz, or Δf=-8,18MHz represents the frequency fluctuation of

α - To provide an effective expansion rate of -8,3X(10) inch/inch/°F. Imphal and aluminum or magnetic with assemblies formed for Using the differential compensation assembly again, the result after a 50" Fill increase is The resulting new dimensions are (26) A’ = 0.7504875 inches , and L' = 0.5997510 inch It is. The combined resonant frequency is (27) f’ = 12.5946171 GH2, the net experienced The wave number fluctuation is (28) Δf' --0, 0000026G H2 ---2, 6kHz , and again will be essentially zero.

C0 multiple differential configuration A more generalized type of analysis is given by the example of a multiple differential configuration shown in FIG. dimensions induced by significant levels of heat that can be expected to be experienced. Will be given next for a change. tentative position regarding the imaginary axis 551 For our purposes, changes to the right are assigned negative units while those to the left are assigned negative units. would be assigned a positive unit of measurement. Species of illustrated configuration It is preferable to combine simplified verification labels with each component. Note also that you will find that

As the temperature rises, the virtually free right end of the lower expansion coefficient 1~rAJ becomes 16 to the left. With the attached high expansion element rBJ inflating a unit, it will move one unit to the right. cormorant. Similarly, the low expansion element "C" will move one unit to the right and the high expansion element "C" will move one unit to the right. Mentor DJ will move 16 units to the left. The right end of “low expansion element 1E” is the same. , it will move one unit to the right.

The total induced movement is (29) Gives (+1-16+1-16+1)=-29. This is the resonator 29 standardization of the resonator, a temperature increase that would otherwise expand the free diameter inducing a multiple differential assembly to produce a net contraction of the unique length of the It means that you will. Through the appropriate application of ordinary design considerations, unique This net contraction of length is such that it produces virtually zero net resonant frequency change. Additionally, it can be utilized in an inverse compensation method to account for the unique dimensional expansion.

Please elaborate on the comments given previously regarding the comprehensive capabilities of multiple differential configurations. Similarly, with appropriate adjustments, the net produced by this configuration can be It is also noted that shrinkage can also be utilized to achieve overcompensation of the cavity. Please be careful about insertion.

■ Scope of claims The foregoing description is merely exemplary and preferred to which the inventive concept may be applied. The law is given in detail. Numerous alternatives, including many variations, are included in the accompanying claims. Without departing from the spirit and mode of the invention as set forth in the scope of Those skilled in the art will understand that it can be used.

international search report 1ma+natlan+l^n1lea+1oIINa, PCT/US 84 100866ANNEX To Thr: Engineering NTERNATIONAL 5E ARCHREPORT 0NNL-A-780855620102/80 No ne[13-A-2528387None CB-A-603119None FR-A-959655None FR-A-803287None uS-A-2500417None US-A-2109880None

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A microcomputer with a cavity having a variable division along the position of propagation zero current; chroma wave resonator. 2. Establishing the unique shape of the resonator and during the microwave propagation through said resonator, by means of walls sized as required, along which a small current zero is placed. In a microwave resonator with a cavity defined, (A) propagation along the location of zero current in said wall for absorbing thermally induced changes in the cross-zero wall dimension; (B) unique compensation means operatively coupled to the wall for counteracting thermally induced changes in the unique shape of the resonator; Thermal compensation means. 3. (a) said cavity is formed such that the applied microwave energy is directed along a propagation axis, and (b) said cavity has a unique longitudinal direction with respect to said axis. shape C) said cavity wall has a shape and a unique lateral shape; (11) a longitudinally disposed sidewall having a longitudinal dimension; (d) at least one current zero extending longitudinally along the sidewall; The horizontal zero located, for a microwave resonator according to claim 2, wherein: (B) said current zero dividing means is included in said sidewall and includes a unique thermally insensitive stabilizing means operatively coupled to said end plate for inhibiting said current dividing means; Thermal compensation according to claim 2, in which the change in dimension that occurs is a longitudinal change in the size of the sidewall with an absorption that does not change the unique longitudinal magnitude. Means./1. Claim 3, wherein: (a) the cavity is formed such that the propagation axis is generally straight; and (b) the end plate is disposed orthogonally with respect to the axis. for a microwave resonator as described in σ, at least one thermally stable bar assembly for keeping said end plate in a unique thermally invariant longitudinal relationship, said unique stabilizing means 5. Thermal compensation means according to claim 3, comprising: 5. (a) the cavity is formed such that the adapted microwave energy γ - is directed along the propagation axis; and (b) the The cavity is arranged with respect to said axis. (C) said cavity wall has a unique longitudinal shape and a unique lateral shape; establish the size (11) having a size in the vertical direction and a structure in the horizontal direction; the longitudinally arranged structures establish the combined unique lateral dimensions of the resonator. and (d) at least one current zero is a lateral zero disposed longitudinally along the sidewall. (A) said unique compensating means has said longitudinal variation inversely proportional to said lateral variation; thermally coupled to the end plate for changing the unique longitudinal dimension so as to compensate for the thermally induced change in the unique lateral magnitude with increasing temperature; (B) (1) said current zero divider is included in said sidewall; and (2) said divider means The more absorbed cross-zero dimensional change is due to the thermally induced longitudinal and (3) said dividing means also induce adjustments in said unique longitudinal dimension which by themselves do not change said sidewall or unique absorption. Thermal compensation means according to claim 2. 6. (a) The cavity is arranged along the propagation axis 6. The micro-micrometer according to claim 5, wherein: (b) the end plate includes first and second end plates each disposed orthogonally with respect to the propagation axis. for a wave resonator, (A) a first end disposed toward the first end plate and a first end disposed toward the second end plate; (B) a thermally responsive element having said longitudinal dimension disposed longitudinally with respect to said propagation axis, terminating in said first end and a second end opposite said second end; a thermally non-responsive means for holding the first end in a thermally constant relationship with the plate; and a thermally non-responsive means for holding the second end in a thermally constant relationship with the first plate. respectively, thereby achieving the desired reversal between the thermally induced change in the unique longitudinal dimension of the resonator and the thermally induced change in the unique lateral dimension of the resonator. Said inverse unique adjustment means include at least one differential allen pre-means in which a proportional relationship is established. Temperature compensating means according to claim 5. 7, the heat-responsive element comprises (A> a plurality of additionally formed paired first and second heat-responsive sub-elements; and (B) a coupled second heat-responsive sub-element. a respective sub-element for holding a first intermediate end of the pair of members and a second intermediate end of the joined first pair of members in a thermally invariant relationship; a plurality of thermally non-responsive sub-means, one for each pair of elements, (1) each of said nilemens 1- being disposed toward said first end plate; said resonator terminating in said first intermediate end disposed towards said second end plate and said second intermediate end opposite said second intermediate end; (3) each of the plurality of paired sub-elements; and (3) each of the plurality of paired sub-elements. has a first plurality of members and a last plurality of members, and the first end of the heat-responsive element is the first intermediate end of the first plurality of members, and the first end of the heat-responsive element is the first intermediate end of the heat-responsive element. - The second end of the first plurality is above the last plurality of members, the second middle of the second pair of members is open, and the first plurality of pairs and some preset Residue 7. Thermal compensation means according to claim 6, wherein the second pair member of each of the following pairs becomes the first pair member of each of the following pairs. 8. (A) the thermally responsive element comprises at least one cylinder; (B) the thermally non-responsive means is (1) disposed toward the first end plate; a first end fastened to the plate and a second end facing the second end plate; a heat-invariant circle having a second end opposite the first end and fastened to the second end of the heat-responsive element; a tube assembly; (2) a first end secured to the first end of the heat-responsive element; and a front end opposite the first end secured to the second plate. a thermally invariant bar assembly having a second end and 9. (a) said cavity is formed such that adapted microwave energy is directed along a propagation axis; and (b) said cavity has a unique longitudinal shape with respect to said axis for a microwave resonator according to claim 2, having a shape and a unique lateral shape, (Δ) the variation canceled by the unique compensation means is a change in the longitudinal shape. (B) the thermal compensating means comprises a thermally non-responsive lateral shape that suppresses a thermally induced change in the lateral shape; 3. Thermal compensation means according to claim 2, comprising directional stabilization means. 10. The cavity includes longitudinally disposed sidewalls having a longitudinal dimension and whose lateral configuration establishes a combined unique lateral dimension of the resonator. for a microwave resonator according to clause 9, comprising a plurality of sidewall components formed such that the components of said sidewalls extend longitudinally and have a unique lateral configuration similar to that of said sidewalls; Side wall panels that do not react to heat the lateral means includes a segment, each of the segments terminating at opposite ends of the first and second ends of the segment; 10. Lateral stabilizing means as claimed in claim 9, wherein each of the ends of the segment includes current zero dividing means. 11. The heat compensation means according to claim 2, wherein the cavity is made of a material having high thermal conductivity. 12. The dividing means prevents leakage of microwave energy through the dividing means. 3. Thermal compensating means as claimed in claim 2, including sealing means for providing protection. 13. The heat compensation means according to claim 2, wherein the cavity includes a cavity tuning means made of a material that does not react with heat. 1/1. Said cavity has a plurality of lateral cavity tuning hands made of a thermally non-responsive material. a stage, at least one of said tuning means being configured on said lateral stabilizing means between coupled dividing means; 2. The heat compensation means according to claim 10. 15. Thermal compensation means according to claim 2, wherein the unique compensation means includes unique tuning means consisting of a thermally non-reactive material. 16. The unique compensation means are mounted outside the cavity 17 to (a) establish the unique shape of the resonator and to maintain its stability during the propagation of the microphone wave through the resonator; (b) a cavity defined by the requisitely sized wall along which at least one current zero is disposed; ('C) the cavity is formed such that the energy is directed along the propagation axis; (d) said cavity wall has a unique longitudinal shape and a unique lateral shape with respect to said resonator; (11) a laterally disposed end plate that establishes the longitudinal dimension; and (11) a longitudinally disposed end plate that establishes the longitudinal dimension. and ('e) at least one of said current zeros is a lateral zero disposed longitudinally along said sidewalls; (A) said Unique shape adjustment induced longitudinal changes and thermally induced lateral changes a thermally responsive overlying unique adjustment operatively coupled to said end plate for varying said unique longitudinal magnitude so as to establish an inverse proportional relationship between change in direction and barb; (B) they alone do not change the unique longitudinal magnitude of the sidewall or the unique absorption; (1) thermally induced changes in the cross-zero sidewall magnitude; and (2) the Germany Along the sidewall position of the combined current zero, the sidewall is placed at the longitudinal position of the zero in the lateral direction to absorb both the longitudinal change induced by the adjustment of a particular magnitude. and current zero dividing means. 18, (a) the cavity is formed such that the propagation axis is a human body straight line, and (b) the end plate includes first and second end plates each disposed orthogonally with respect to the propagation axis. (A) for the microwave resonator according to claim 5, comprising: the propagation axis terminating in a first end disposed toward the first end plate and a second end opposite the first end disposed toward the second end plate; (B) retaining the end of the first tuff in a thermally constant relationship with the second plate; and holding said second end in a thermally constant relationship with a first plate; a thermally non-responsive means for changing the resonator's unique longitudinal dimension and a thermally induced change in the unique shape of the resonator, respectively. 18. A combination according to claim 17, wherein said inverse unique adjustment means includes at least one differential assembly means in which a desired inverse proportional relationship is established. 19. The thermally responsive element comprises: (A) a plurality of additively formed particles; (A) first and second heat-responsive sub-elements which are connected together; (B) a first intermediate end of the second coupled pair of members; a respective subelement for holding the second intermediate end of the mated first pair of members; a plurality of thermally non-responsive sub-means for a pair of elements, (1) each said element being disposed toward said first end plate; Said first one located towards the second end plate! Go-5017: ([i (4) to the said resonator' ending at the intermediate end of 1 and the opposite said second intermediate end. (2) each of said sub-element pages has said first paired member and second paired member; (3) each of said plurality of paired members The sub-element has a first plurality of members and a last plurality of members, and the first end of the heat-responsive element is the first intermediate end of the first plurality of members, and the first end of the heat-responsive element is the first intermediate end of the first plurality of members. The second end of the second pair of members is an open end of the second pair of members of the last plurality of members, the first plurality of pairs of members and some predetermined remainder. 19. The combination of claim 18, wherein the second pair member of each of the following pairs becomes the first pair member of each of a number of predetermined subsequent pairs. 20. (A) the thermally responsive element comprises at least one cylinder; and 9. (B) the thermally non-responsive means are (1) disposed toward the first end plate; and fastened to the first plate. a first end disposed toward the second end plate and secured to the second end of the heat-responsive element; a second end opposite the first end; have a thermally invariant cylindrical assembly; (2) a first end secured to the first end of the thermally responsive element; and a first end secured to the second plate. The heat compensating means according to claim 18, on the opposite side of the first end.