JPS604945A - Electrophotographic sensitive body - Google Patents
Electrophotographic sensitive bodyInfo
- Publication number
- JPS604945A JPS604945A JP11291183A JP11291183A JPS604945A JP S604945 A JPS604945 A JP S604945A JP 11291183 A JP11291183 A JP 11291183A JP 11291183 A JP11291183 A JP 11291183A JP S604945 A JPS604945 A JP S604945A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- protective layer
- resin
- photoconductor
- surface protective
- regulator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/14—Inert intermediate or cover layers for charge-receiving layers
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は有機光導電体層上に表面保護層を設けた電子写
真用感光体に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a surface protective layer provided on an organic photoconductor layer.
従来技術
従来カールソン法として知られている電子写真方式にお
いては、帯電、露光、現像、転写、クリーニングのプロ
セスを繰り返して多数枚の複写が行われる。従って、電
子写真用感光体の特に表面は機械的、電気的、化学的な
ストレスを絶えず受けることになる。BACKGROUND ART In an electrophotographic method conventionally known as the Carlson method, a large number of copies are made by repeating the processes of charging, exposing, developing, transferring, and cleaning. Therefore, the surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor is constantly subjected to mechanical, electrical, and chemical stress.
このため、感光体の損傷を防ぎ、寿命を高めるため表面
の機械的強度改善のために保護層を設けることが行われ
ている。For this reason, in order to prevent damage to the photoreceptor and extend its life, a protective layer is provided to improve the mechanical strength of the surface.
カールソン法では保護層として、電気抵抗を109〜1
014Ω・αにした低抵抗保護層が用いられる。この保
護層は樹脂成分として熱可塑性樹脂あるいは熱硬化性樹
脂に抵抗調整剤を含有した塗液を塗布することにより形
成される。樹脂成分として熱硬化性樹脂を用いると、表
面硬度の高い保護層が形成されるが、熱硬化性樹脂を有
機光導電体層上に塗布したのでは保農層表面が白濁化す
るという欠点がある。In the Carlson method, the electrical resistance is 109 to 1 as a protective layer.
A low resistance protective layer having a resistance of 0.014Ω·α is used. This protective layer is formed by applying a coating liquid containing a resistance adjuster to a thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin as a resin component. When a thermosetting resin is used as the resin component, a protective layer with high surface hardness is formed, but when a thermosetting resin is applied onto an organic photoconductor layer, the surface of the protective layer becomes cloudy. be.
保護層表面に白濁化が生ずると、電子写真用感光体とし
て使用するとき感度の減少、解像力の低下、コピーlこ
カブリが生ずる等の好ましくない現象を生ずる。又、同
時に長時間高温にして硬化させる処理工程が必要である
ため、作業効率が悪(なったり、感光層中の有機感光材
料が分解して感光特性が損われたり、ノート状感光体が
ブロッキングするといった欠点がある。If clouding occurs on the surface of the protective layer, undesirable phenomena such as a decrease in sensitivity, a decrease in resolution, and fog on copies occur when the photoconductor is used as an electrophotographic photoreceptor. In addition, since a curing process is required at high temperatures for a long period of time, work efficiency may be poor (or the organic photosensitive material in the photosensitive layer may decompose and the photosensitive characteristics may be impaired, or the notebook photoreceptor may become blocked). There are drawbacks such as:
発明の目的・
本発明の目的は、寿命が長(、信頼性の高いカールソン
・プロセスに適した電子写真用感光体を提供することに
ある。OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor that has a long life and is suitable for the Carlson process.
さらに本発明の目的は表面に白濁化を生ずることな(熱
硬化性樹脂を用いた保護層を有する感光体を提供するこ
とにある。さらに、本発明の目的は保護層を設ける際に
長時間の硬化処理を必要とせず表面の機械強度がすぐれ
た感光体を提供することにある。A further object of the present invention is to provide a photoreceptor having a protective layer made of a thermosetting resin that does not cause clouding on the surface. An object of the present invention is to provide a photoreceptor that does not require curing treatment and has excellent surface mechanical strength.
発明の構成
本発明者は前記の目的に鑑み、鋭意検討の結果、表面保
護層の塗布に際し、塗液に有機すず化合物を含有させる
ことにより特別な硬化処理工程を必要とせずに通常の塗
布工程の乾燥のみで、表面の白濁化がな(、かつ十分な
硬度の表面保護層を設けることができることを見出した
この知見に基づいて本発明を完成させるに至ったO
本発明の感光体で用いられる有機光導電体としては、カ
ルバゾール系ビニル重合体、ピレンとホルムアルデヒド
の縮合物等の高分子、PvK/TNFのようなドナー性
高分子/アクセプタ性低分子より成る電荷移動型錯体、
7タロシアニン系、インジゴ系、ペリレン系、アゾ系等
の顔料をポリスチレン、塩ビ、酢ビ、アクリル、ポリカ
ーボネート、ポリアミド、ポリエステル、ブチラールな
どの絶縁性樹脂中に分散させた分散型光導電体、更に上
記顔料やセレン、セレン合金等を蒸着又は前記樹脂中に
分散させた電荷発生層と、アントラセン、ペリレン等の
縮合多環芳香族化合物、ピラゾリン誘導体、オキサジア
ゾール誘導体、イミダゾール誘導体等の複素環式化合物
、トリフェニルアミン誘導体等の芳香族アミン化合物、
芳香族ニトリル化合物、ヒドラCソゞン化合物などの低
分子電荷輸送物質を前記樹脂中に溶解分散させた電荷輸
送層とを積層させた機能分離型光導電体等が挙げられる
。Structure of the Invention In view of the above-mentioned object, the inventor of the present invention has made extensive studies and found that when applying a surface protective layer, by incorporating an organic tin compound into the coating liquid, a normal coating process can be performed without the need for a special curing treatment process. Based on this finding, the present invention was completed based on the finding that a surface protective layer with sufficient hardness can be provided without clouding the surface by drying the O used in the photoreceptor of the present invention. Examples of organic photoconductors include carbazole-based vinyl polymers, polymers such as condensates of pyrene and formaldehyde, charge transfer type complexes consisting of donor polymers/acceptor polymers such as PvK/TNF,
7 Dispersed photoconductor in which talocyanine-based, indigo-based, perylene-based, azo-based pigments, etc. are dispersed in an insulating resin such as polystyrene, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, acrylic, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyester, butyral, etc., and the above-mentioned. A charge generation layer in which pigments, selenium, selenium alloys, etc. are vapor-deposited or dispersed in the resin, and fused polycyclic aromatic compounds such as anthracene and perylene, and heterocyclic compounds such as pyrazoline derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, and imidazole derivatives. , aromatic amine compounds such as triphenylamine derivatives,
Examples include a functionally separated photoconductor in which a charge transport layer formed by dissolving and dispersing a low-molecular charge transport substance such as an aromatic nitrile compound or a hydra C sone compound in the resin is laminated.
表面保護層に含まれる熱硬化性樹脂としては、ポリウレ
タン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、アルキッド樹脂、熱硬化アク
リル樹脂、シリコーン樹脂などが挙げられる。Examples of the thermosetting resin contained in the surface protective layer include polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, alkyd resin, thermosetting acrylic resin, and silicone resin.
本発明ζこ用いられる有機すず化合物としては、スタナ
スオクトエート、ジブチルチン−2−エチルヘキソエー
ト、ジブチルチンジオクトエート、ジブチルチンジラウ
レート、トリエチルチンアセテート等が挙げられる。Examples of the organic tin compounds used in the present invention include stannath octoate, dibutyltin-2-ethylhexoate, dibutyltin dioctoate, dibutyltin dilaurate, and triethyltin acetate.
有機すず化合物の表面保護層中への添加量は熱硬化性樹
脂に対して0.01重量%〜10重量係である。0.0
1重量%以上では硬化が不充分であり、10重量%以上
では、感光体の残留電位が上昇するなどの悪影響が現わ
れる。The amount of the organic tin compound added to the surface protective layer is 0.01% to 10% by weight based on the thermosetting resin. 0.0
If it is more than 1% by weight, curing will be insufficient, and if it is more than 10% by weight, there will be adverse effects such as an increase in the residual potential of the photoreceptor.
電気抵抗調整剤としては、109Ω・α以下の金属もし
くは金属酸化物であり、特に平均粒径が0.3μm1好
ましくは0.15μm以下の酸化スズ、酸化チタン、酸
化アンチモン、酸化インジウム及びこれらの固溶体を1
種もしくは2種以上混合して用いるのが良い。電気抵抗
調整剤は保護層中に10〜50重量%含有させるのが良
い。As the electrical resistance adjuster, metals or metal oxides having a particle size of 109 Ω·α or less, particularly tin oxide, titanium oxide, antimony oxide, indium oxide, and solid solutions thereof having an average particle size of 0.3 μm or less, preferably 0.15 μm or less. 1
It is best to use seeds or a mixture of two or more kinds. The electrical resistance adjuster is preferably contained in the protective layer in an amount of 10 to 50% by weight.
有機すず化合物を塗液中に添加するfこは、表面被覆層
材料の塗布溶液を所望の濃度に調整した後、溶液を攪拌
しながら有機すず化合物を除徐に添加する。添加終了後
、浴液が均一になるまで攪拌を続け、均一になった俊速
やかに有機光導電層上に塗布する。表面被覆層の塗布に
は、バーコーター、アプリケーター、スプレーコーター
、ドクターブレード、ディップコーターなどが用いられ
る。To add the organic tin compound to the coating solution, after adjusting the coating solution of the surface coating layer material to a desired concentration, the organic tin compound is gradually added while stirring the solution. After the addition is complete, stirring is continued until the bath solution becomes uniform, and once it becomes uniform, it is quickly coated onto the organic photoconductive layer. A bar coater, applicator, spray coater, doctor blade, dip coater, etc. are used to apply the surface coating layer.
塗布後、ioo’a〜140’Oにて、3分〜5分乾燥
することにより、良好な表面硬度を有する表面被覆層が
得られる。After coating, a surface coating layer having good surface hardness can be obtained by drying at ioo'a to 140'O for 3 to 5 minutes.
以下、実施例及び参考例により本発明を具体的に説明す
る。Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples and Reference Examples.
実施例 1
アルミニウムを蒸着したポリエステルフィルム上に電荷
発生層、電荷移動層を順次積層させた有機−光導電体上
に、平均粒径0.3μ以下の酸化すず35重量部、ポリ
ウレタン65重量部及びジブチルチンジラウレート0.
65重量部の均一分散液をディッピングにより塗布し、
乾燥後の膜厚が2μの表面保護層を設け、ひき続き12
0℃の乾燥ゾーンを3分間通週させることにより、表面
硬度の高い感光体を得た。Example 1 35 parts by weight of tin oxide with an average particle size of 0.3 μm or less, 65 parts by weight of polyurethane and Dibutyltin dilaurate 0.
Apply 65 parts by weight of a uniform dispersion liquid by dipping,
A surface protective layer with a film thickness of 2 μm after drying was provided, and then 12
A photoreceptor with high surface hardness was obtained by leaving it in a drying zone at 0° C. for 3 minutes throughout the week.
この表面硬度をヌープ硬度計を用いて測定したところ、
硬度は35(Kg/ml)と高い値を示した0
参考例1
実施例1においてジグチルチンジラウレートを添加しな
かった以外は、実施例1と同様にして感光体を製造した
が、この感光体は表面硬度は26(Kg/J)であり、
実施例1のものに比べて大きな差が見られた。When this surface hardness was measured using a Knoop hardness tester,
The hardness showed a high value of 35 (Kg/ml). Reference Example 1 A photoconductor was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that digtyltin dilaurate was not added. has a surface hardness of 26 (Kg/J),
A large difference was observed compared to that of Example 1.
参考例2
参考例1と同様にして作製した感光体を、さらlこ80
℃で16時間硬化処理したところ、表面硬度は36(K
f/mJ)となり、実施例1の場合と同程度の硬度にす
ることができた。Reference Example 2 A photoreceptor produced in the same manner as Reference Example 1 was
When hardened at ℃ for 16 hours, the surface hardness was 36 (K
f/mJ), and the hardness was comparable to that of Example 1.
実施例2
実施例1における有機すず化合物を、ジブチルチンジオ
クトエー)0.5重量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同
様にして感光体を得た。この感光体はヌープ硬度が37
(Kg/mJ)であり、高い値を示した。Example 2 A photoreceptor was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the organic tin compound in Example 1 was changed to 0.5 parts by weight of dibutyltin dioctoate. This photoreceptor has a Knoop hardness of 37
(Kg/mJ), which was a high value.
実施例3
実施例1における表面保護層中の成分を酸化亜鉛40重
量部、エポキシ樹脂60重量部、トリエチルチンアセテ
ート1重量部に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして感
光体を得た。この感光体の表面硬度はa4(K9/J)
と高い値を示した0
実施例4
アルミパイプ上にセレンを60μの厚さに蒸Hした光導
電体上に、ポリウレタン樹脂70重量部、酸化すずと酸
化アンチモンの固溶体30重量部及びジブチルチンジオ
クチ−80,6重量部から成る表面保護層を設け、10
0゛Cで5分間乾燥させて感光体を得た。Example 3 A photoreceptor was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the components in the surface protective layer in Example 1 were changed to 40 parts by weight of zinc oxide, 60 parts by weight of epoxy resin, and 1 part by weight of triethyltin acetate. The surface hardness of this photoreceptor is a4 (K9/J)
Example 4 70 parts by weight of polyurethane resin, 30 parts by weight of a solid solution of tin oxide and antimony oxide, and dibutyltin oxide were placed on a photoconductor in which selenium was steamed to a thickness of 60μ on an aluminum pipe. - a surface protective layer consisting of 80.6 parts by weight;
A photoreceptor was obtained by drying at 0°C for 5 minutes.
この感光体を複写機(FX−3500:富士ゼロックス
)にセットしてコピーを取ったところ、連続10万枚の
後も感光体上にスクラッチ傷は見られず、良好な画像が
得られた。When this photoreceptor was set in a copying machine (FX-3500: Fuji Xerox) and copies were made, no scratches were observed on the photoreceptor even after 100,000 copies were made, and good images were obtained.
41L41L
Claims (1)
硬化性樹脂に対して0.01〜10重量%の有機すず化
合物とを含む表面保護層を有することを特徴とする電子
写真方式体。Electrophotography characterized by having a surface protective layer on the organic photoconductive layer containing an electrical resistance regulator, a thermosetting resin, and an organic tin compound in an amount of 0.01 to 10% by weight based on the thermosetting resin. Methodology.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11291183A JPS604945A (en) | 1983-06-24 | 1983-06-24 | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11291183A JPS604945A (en) | 1983-06-24 | 1983-06-24 | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS604945A true JPS604945A (en) | 1985-01-11 |
JPH0328708B2 JPH0328708B2 (en) | 1991-04-19 |
Family
ID=14598570
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP11291183A Granted JPS604945A (en) | 1983-06-24 | 1983-06-24 | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS604945A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61279862A (en) * | 1985-06-06 | 1986-12-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Image forming method |
JPH01276143A (en) * | 1988-04-28 | 1989-11-06 | Canon Inc | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS53125030A (en) * | 1977-04-07 | 1978-11-01 | Canon Inc | Electrophotographic photosensitive material |
JPS5730847A (en) * | 1980-07-31 | 1982-02-19 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Electrophotographic receptor and its manufacture |
-
1983
- 1983-06-24 JP JP11291183A patent/JPS604945A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS53125030A (en) * | 1977-04-07 | 1978-11-01 | Canon Inc | Electrophotographic photosensitive material |
JPS5730847A (en) * | 1980-07-31 | 1982-02-19 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Electrophotographic receptor and its manufacture |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61279862A (en) * | 1985-06-06 | 1986-12-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Image forming method |
JPH01276143A (en) * | 1988-04-28 | 1989-11-06 | Canon Inc | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0328708B2 (en) | 1991-04-19 |
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