JPH03278062A - Electrophotographic sensitive body - Google Patents

Electrophotographic sensitive body

Info

Publication number
JPH03278062A
JPH03278062A JP27880190A JP27880190A JPH03278062A JP H03278062 A JPH03278062 A JP H03278062A JP 27880190 A JP27880190 A JP 27880190A JP 27880190 A JP27880190 A JP 27880190A JP H03278062 A JPH03278062 A JP H03278062A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
charge transport
charge
photoreceptor
weight
transport layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP27880190A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2707826B2 (en
Inventor
Keiichi Kurokawa
恵市 黒川
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Fuji Electric Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Publication of JPH03278062A publication Critical patent/JPH03278062A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2707826B2 publication Critical patent/JP2707826B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the electrophotographic sensitive body reduced in rise of residual potential and freed of ground fogging and superior in repetition characteristics at the time of successively forming images by using a combination of a specified hydrazone compound as an electric charge transfer material and a specified polycarbonate as a binder resin. CONSTITUTION:The charge transfer layer is formed by using a coating fluid obtained by dispersing as the organic charge transfer material the hydrazone compound represented by formula I into the polycarbonate represented by formula II, and it maintains the charge of the photosensitive body in the dark as the insulating layer and exhibits a function of transferring charge injected from a charge generating layer at the time of having received light, thus permitting the obtained organic type electrophotographic sensitive body to be repetition characteristics by using this charge transfer layer.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は、電子写真方式の複写機、プリンタなどに用
いられる電子写真用感光体に関し、詳しくは有機材料か
らなる電荷発生層と電荷輸送層とをこの順に積層した感
光層を備えた有機系電子写真用感光体の電荷輸送層の材
料に関する。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor used in electrophotographic copying machines, printers, etc., and more specifically, a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer made of an organic material. The present invention relates to a material for a charge transport layer of an organic electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer laminated in this order.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

近年、電子写真方式の複写機、プリンタなどに用いられ
る電子写真用感光体の感光材料として、有機光導電性物
質の研究が広く進められている。
In recent years, research on organic photoconductive substances has been widely advanced as photosensitive materials for electrophotographic photoreceptors used in electrophotographic copying machines, printers, and the like.

電子写真方式の複写機、プリンタなどにおいては、一般
にカールンン方式が適用される。この方式の画像形成は
、暗所での感光体へのコロナ放電による帯電、帯電され
た感光体表面への露光による文字や絵などの静電潜像の
形成、形成された静電潜像のトナーによる現像、現像さ
れたトナー像の紙などの支持体への転写、定着により行
われ、トナー像転写後の感光体は除電、残留トナーの除
去、光除電などを行った後、再使用に供される。
In electrophotographic copying machines, printers, etc., the curling method is generally applied. This method of image formation involves charging the photoconductor in a dark place by corona discharge, forming electrostatic latent images such as letters and pictures by exposing the charged photoconductor surface to light, and discharging the formed electrostatic latent image. This is done by developing with toner, transferring the developed toner image to a support such as paper, and fixing it.After the toner image has been transferred, the photoreceptor is subjected to static electricity removal, residual toner removal, photostatic static removal, etc., and then it can be reused. Served.

感光体がこのような画像形成プロセスに実用化されるた
めには、光感度、電荷受容能、電荷保持能、残留電位、
繰り返し特性安定性などの電気的・光電気的特性に優れ
ていると同時に、機械的強度(硬度、耐磨耗性など)、
環境安定性(耐熱性、耐湿性、光やオゾンに対する耐久
性など)においても優れたものでなければならない。
In order for a photoreceptor to be put to practical use in such an image forming process, it must have sufficient photosensitivity, charge acceptance ability, charge retention ability, residual potential,
It has excellent electrical and photoelectric properties such as repeated characteristic stability, as well as mechanical strength (hardness, abrasion resistance, etc.).
It must also have excellent environmental stability (heat resistance, moisture resistance, resistance to light and ozone, etc.).

有機光導電性物質を用いた感光材料は、従来主として用
いられていたセレンなどの無機光導電性物質を用いた場
合に比べて、可とう性、熱安定性膜形成性、透明性、材
料の多様性1価格など利点が多いが、光感度、繰り返し
特性安定性、耐磨耗性、光やオゾンに対する耐久性など
に問題を有していた。
Photosensitive materials using organic photoconductive substances have greater flexibility, thermal stability, film-forming properties, transparency, and material properties compared to conventionally used inorganic photoconductive substances such as selenium. Although it has many advantages such as versatility and low price, it has problems such as photosensitivity, stability of repeated characteristics, abrasion resistance, and durability against light and ozone.

そこで、材料の多様性、膜形成性の利点を活かして、感
光体の感光層を、電荷発生物質を含み主として光受容時
の電荷発生に寄与する電荷発生層と、電荷輸送物質を含
み主として暗所での表面電荷の保持および光受容時の電
荷輸送に寄与する電荷輸送層とに機能分離した層の積層
とし、それぞれ各層の機能に適した材料を選択して用い
ることにより、全体として感光体特性の向上を図り、有
機系感光体の実用化が進められている。なかでも導電性
基体上に電荷発生層、電荷輸送層が順次積層された負帯
電型積層感光体は、耐磨耗性、耐久性の面で有利である
ことから現在主流となっている。
Therefore, by taking advantage of the diversity of materials and film-forming properties, the photosensitive layer of the photoreceptor is divided into a charge generation layer that contains a charge generation substance and mainly contributes to charge generation during light reception, and a charge generation layer that contains a charge transport substance and mainly contributes to the generation of charges during light reception. The photoreceptor as a whole is made up of a stack of functionally separated layers, including a charge transport layer that contributes to the retention of surface charge at the surface and charge transport during light reception, and by selecting and using materials suitable for the functions of each layer. Organic photoreceptors are being put into practical use with improved characteristics. Among these, negatively charged type laminated photoreceptors in which a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer are successively laminated on a conductive substrate are currently mainstream because they are advantageous in terms of abrasion resistance and durability.

〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕[Problem to be solved by the invention]

上述のように、有機材料は無機材料にない多くの長所を
もつが、電子写真用感光体に要求されるすべての特性を
充分に満足するものが得られていないのが現状であり、
特に繰り返し特性の向上が強く望まれている。
As mentioned above, organic materials have many advantages that inorganic materials do not have, but the current situation is that there is no material that fully satisfies all the characteristics required of electrophotographic photoreceptors.
In particular, improvement in repeatability is strongly desired.

この発明は、上述の点に鑑みてなされたものであって、
繰り返し特性の優れた有機系電子写真用感光体を提供す
ることを解決すべき課題とする。
This invention was made in view of the above points, and
The problem to be solved is to provide an organic electrophotographic photoreceptor with excellent repeatability.

〔課題を解法するための手段〕[Means for solving problems]

上記の課題は、この発明によれば、導電性基体上に有機
電荷発生物質を含む電荷発生層と有機電荷輸送物質を含
む電荷輸送層とがこの順に積層されてなる感光層を備え
た電子写真用感光体において、前記電荷輸送層が下記構
造式(1)で示されるヒドラゾン化合物と下記構造式(
2)で示されるポリカーボネー)It脂との混合材料か
らなる電子写真用感光体とすることによって解決される
According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problem can be solved by an electrophotographic photographic device having a photosensitive layer formed by laminating a charge generation layer containing an organic charge generation substance and a charge transport layer containing an organic charge transport substance in this order on a conductive substrate. In the photoreceptor, the charge transport layer comprises a hydrazone compound represented by the following structural formula (1) and the following structural formula (
The problem can be solved by making an electrophotographic photoreceptor made of a mixed material of polycarbonate (2) and It resin.

H2 〔作用〕 上記構造式(1)で示されるヒドラゾン化合物を電荷輸
送物質として用い、上記構造式〔2〕で示されるポリカ
ーボネート樹脂を結着剤として電荷輸送層を形成するこ
とにより、繰り返し特性の優れた有機系電子写真用感光
体を得ることができる。
H2 [Function] By using the hydrazone compound represented by the above structural formula (1) as a charge transport material and forming a charge transport layer using the polycarbonate resin represented by the above structural formula [2] as a binder, the repeatability characteristics can be improved. An excellent organic electrophotographic photoreceptor can be obtained.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

第1図は、この発明の感光体の一実施例の概念的断面図
で、導電性基体1上に電荷発生層2.電荷輸送層3が順
次積層された感光層4が形成された負帯電型の積層感光
体を示す。
FIG. 1 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the photoreceptor of the present invention, in which a charge generation layer 2 is formed on a conductive substrate 1. 1 shows a negatively charged laminated photoreceptor in which a photosensitive layer 4 in which charge transport layers 3 are sequentially laminated is formed.

導電性基体lは感光体の電極としての役目と同時に他の
各層の支持体となっており、円筒状、板状1 フィルム
状のいずれでも良く、材質的にはアルミニウム、ステン
レス鋼、ニッケルなどの金属、あるいはガラス、樹脂な
どの上に導電処理をほどこしたものでも良い。
The conductive substrate serves as an electrode for the photoreceptor and at the same time serves as a support for the other layers, and may be in the form of a cylinder, plate or film, and may be made of aluminum, stainless steel, nickel, etc. It may also be made of metal, glass, resin, or the like, which has been subjected to conductive treatment.

電荷発生層2は有機光導電性物質を真空蒸着するか、あ
るいは有機光導電性物質の粒子を結着剤樹脂中に分散さ
せた材料を塗布して形成され、光を受容して電荷を発生
する。また、その電荷発生効率が高いことと同時に発生
した電荷の電荷輸送層3への注入性が重要で電場依存性
が少なく低電場でも注入の良いことが望ましい。
The charge generation layer 2 is formed by vacuum-depositing an organic photoconductive substance or by coating a material in which particles of an organic photoconductive substance are dispersed in a binder resin, and generates a charge by receiving light. do. In addition to the high charge generation efficiency, the ability to inject the generated charges into the charge transport layer 3 is also important, and it is desirable that the charge is less dependent on the electric field and can be easily injected even in a low electric field.

電荷発生層は電荷発生機能を有すればよいので、その膜
厚は電荷発生物質の光吸収係数より決まり一般的には5
μm以下であり、好適には1μm以下である。電荷発生
層は電荷発生物質を主体としてこれに電荷輸送物質など
を添加して使用することも可能である。結着剤樹脂とし
ては、ポリカーボネート、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、
ポリウレタン、エポキシ、シリコン樹脂、メタクリル酸
エステルの重合体および共重合体などを適宜組み合わせ
て使用することが可能である。
Since the charge generation layer only needs to have a charge generation function, its thickness is determined by the light absorption coefficient of the charge generation substance and is generally 5.
It is 1 μm or less, preferably 1 μm or less. The charge generation layer is mainly composed of a charge generation substance, and a charge transport substance or the like may be added thereto. Binder resins include polycarbonate, polyester, polyamide,
Polyurethane, epoxy, silicone resin, polymers and copolymers of methacrylic acid esters, etc. can be used in appropriate combinations.

電荷輸送層3は、結着剤樹脂としての前記構造式(2)
で示されるポリカーボネート樹脂中に、有機電荷輸送物
質としての前記構造式〔1)で示されるヒドラゾン化合
物を分散させた材料からなる塗膜であり、暗所では絶縁
体層として感光体の電荷を保持し、光受容時には電荷発
生層から注入される電荷を輸送する機能を発揮する。
The charge transport layer 3 has the above structural formula (2) as a binder resin.
It is a coating film made of a material in which a hydrazone compound represented by the above structural formula [1] as an organic charge transporting substance is dispersed in a polycarbonate resin represented by the following.In a dark place, it acts as an insulating layer and retains the charge on the photoreceptor. However, when receiving light, it functions to transport charges injected from the charge generation layer.

電荷輸送層の膜厚は実用的に有効な表面電位を維持する
ためには3μm〜30μmの範囲が好ましく、より好適
には5μm〜20μmである。
In order to maintain a practically effective surface potential, the thickness of the charge transport layer is preferably in the range of 3 μm to 30 μm, more preferably 5 μm to 20 μm.

実施例1 電荷発生物質としての下記構造式(3)で示されるビス
アゾ化合物5重量部、下記構造式(4)で示される多環
キノン化合物10重量部と、結着剤樹脂としてのジアリ
ルフタレートのプリポリマー(商品名ダップに:大阪曹
達■製)10重量部とを、メチルエチルケトン1000
重量部と混合し、混合機で4時間混線を行い塗布液を調
製し、電荷発生層用の塗液を作製した。
Example 1 5 parts by weight of a bisazo compound represented by the following structural formula (3) as a charge generating substance, 10 parts by weight of a polycyclic quinone compound represented by the following structural formula (4), and diallyl phthalate as a binder resin. 10 parts by weight of prepolymer (product name DAP: manufactured by Osaka Soda) and 1000 parts of methyl ethyl ketone.
parts by weight and mixed with a mixer for 4 hours to prepare a coating solution, thereby preparing a coating solution for the charge generation layer.

次に、電荷輸送物質としての前記構造式(1)で示され
るヒドラゾン化合物10重量部と、結着剤樹脂としての
前記構造式(2)で示されるポリカーボネート樹脂10
重量部とを、ジクロロメタン85重量部に溶解し、電荷
輸送層用の塗液を作製した。
Next, 10 parts by weight of a hydrazone compound represented by the above structural formula (1) as a charge transport material and 10 parts by weight of a polycarbonate resin shown by the above structural formula (2) as a binder resin.
parts by weight were dissolved in 85 parts by weight of dichloromethane to prepare a coating liquid for a charge transport layer.

次に、アルミニウム基体上に電荷発生層(膜厚1μm)
、電荷輸送層(膜厚16μm) の順にそれぞれ調製し
た塗液を塗布して感光体を作製した。
Next, a charge generation layer (film thickness 1 μm) was placed on the aluminum substrate.
, a charge transport layer (thickness: 16 μm), and a charge transport layer (film thickness: 16 μm) were coated with the prepared coating liquids in this order to prepare a photoreceptor.

実施例2 電荷発生物質としての前記構造式(3)で示されるビス
アゾ化合物10重量部と、結着剤樹脂としてのジアリル
フタレー)It脂(商品名ダップに:大阪曹達9勾製)
10重1部とを、メチルエチルケトン1500重量部と
混合し混合機で3時間混練を行い塗布液を調製し、電荷
発生層用の塗液を作製した。
Example 2 10 parts by weight of the bisazo compound represented by the above-mentioned structural formula (3) as a charge generating substance and diallylphthalate resin (trade name: DAP) manufactured by Osaka Soda 9-Ko as a binder resin.
1 part by weight of 10 parts by weight was mixed with 1,500 parts by weight of methyl ethyl ketone and kneaded in a mixer for 3 hours to prepare a coating liquid, thereby preparing a coating liquid for the charge generation layer.

実施例1の電荷発生層用の塗液をこの塗液に変え、その
他は実施例1と同様にして感光体を作製した。
A photoreceptor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the coating liquid for the charge generation layer in Example 1 was replaced with this coating liquid.

比較例1 実施例1の電荷輸送層用塗液の結着剤樹脂を、下記構造
式(5)で示されるポリカーボネート樹脂に変え、その
他は実施例1と同様にして感光体を作製した。
Comparative Example 1 A photoreceptor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the binder resin in the charge transport layer coating liquid of Example 1 was changed to a polycarbonate resin represented by the following structural formula (5).

H3 比較例2 実施例1の電荷輸送層用塗液の結着剤樹脂をポリメチル
メタクリレートに変え、その他は実施例1と同様にして
感光体を作製した。
H3 Comparative Example 2 A photoreceptor was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the binder resin in the charge transport layer coating liquid in Example 1 was changed to polymethyl methacrylate.

比較例3 実施例2の電荷輸送層用塗液の結着剤樹脂を前記構造式
(5)で示されるポリカーボネート樹脂に変え、その他
は実施例2と同様にして感光体を作製した。
Comparative Example 3 A photoreceptor was produced in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the binder resin in the charge transport layer coating liquid in Example 2 was changed to a polycarbonate resin represented by the structural formula (5).

比較例4 実施例2の電荷輸送層用塗液の結着剤樹脂をポリメチル
メタクリレートに変え、その他は実施例2と同様にして
感光体を作製した。
Comparative Example 4 A photoreceptor was produced in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the binder resin in the charge transport layer coating liquid in Example 2 was changed to polymethyl methacrylate.

このようにして得られた感光体の電子写真特性を複写機
を用いて評価した。感光体を複写機に搭載し、 1万枚
連続コピー前後の残留電位Vrの変化ΔVr(上昇)を
測定し、繰り返し特性の安定性を評価した。その結果を
第1表に示す。
The electrophotographic properties of the photoreceptor thus obtained were evaluated using a copying machine. The photoreceptor was installed in a copying machine, and the change ΔVr (increase) in the residual potential Vr before and after continuous copying of 10,000 sheets was measured to evaluate the stability of the repeatability. The results are shown in Table 1.

第  1  表 第1表より、実施例1とこれに対応する比較例1゜2、
実施例2とこれに対応する比較例3,4をそれぞれ比較
して、実施例の方が明らかにΔVrが小さく、繰り返し
特性が優れていることが判る。
Table 1 From Table 1, Example 1 and the corresponding comparative example 1゜2,
Comparing Example 2 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 corresponding thereto, it can be seen that the Example clearly has a smaller ΔVr and superior repeatability.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

この発明によれば、有機系の負帯電型積層感光体におい
て、電荷輸送層に電荷輸送物質としての前記構造式(1
)で示されるヒドラゾン化合物と、結着剤樹脂としての
前記構造式(2)で示されるポリカーボネート樹脂とを
組み合わせて混合して用いることにより、連続画像出し
においても残留電位の上昇が少なく、地かぶりの発生し
ない、繰り返し特性の優れた電子写真用感光体を得るこ
とができる。
According to the present invention, in the organic negatively charged laminated photoreceptor, the charge transport layer contains the structural formula (1) as a charge transport material.
) and the polycarbonate resin represented by the above-mentioned structural formula (2) as a binder resin. By using a combination of the hydrazone compound shown in It is possible to obtain an electrophotographic photoreceptor with excellent repeatability and no occurrence of .

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図はこの発明の感光体の一実施例の概念的断面図で
ある。 1 導電性基体、2 電荷発生層、3 電荷軸□□□−
] 第 図 1導電性基体
FIG. 1 is a conceptual sectional view of an embodiment of the photoreceptor of the present invention. 1 conductive substrate, 2 charge generation layer, 3 charge axis □□□-
] Figure 1 Conductive substrate

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1)導電性基体上に有機電荷発生物質を含む電荷発生層
と有機電荷輸送物質を含む電荷輸送層とがこの順に積層
されてなる感光層を備えた電子写真用感光体において、
前記電荷輸送層が下記構造式(1)で示されるヒドラゾ
ン化合物と下記構造式(2)で示されるポリカーボネー
ト樹脂との混合材料からなることを特徴とする電子写真
用感光体。 ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼・・・・・・(1) ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼・・・・・・(2) 2)請求項1記載の電子写真用感光体において、前記電
荷輸送層が前記ヒドラゾン化合物からなる有機電荷輸送
物質と前記ポリカーボネート樹脂からなる結着剤との混
合材料からなることを特徴とする電子写真用感光体。 3)請求項2記載の電子写真用感光体において、前記電
荷輸送層が前記ヒドラゾン化合物からなる有機電荷輸送
物質の10重量部と前記ポリカーボネート樹脂からなる
結着剤の10重量部とを、ジクロロメタン85重量部に
溶解させて得られる塗液を塗布して形成することを特徴
とする電子写真用感光体の製造方法。
[Scope of Claims] 1) An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a photosensitive layer formed by laminating a charge generation layer containing an organic charge generation substance and a charge transport layer containing an organic charge transport substance in this order on a conductive substrate. In,
An electrophotographic photoreceptor, wherein the charge transport layer is made of a mixed material of a hydrazone compound represented by the following structural formula (1) and a polycarbonate resin represented by the following structural formula (2). ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼・・・・・・(1) ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼・・・・・・(2) 2) Photoreceptor for electrophotography according to claim 1 An electrophotographic photoreceptor, wherein the charge transport layer is made of a mixed material of an organic charge transport substance comprising the hydrazone compound and a binder comprising the polycarbonate resin. 3) In the electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 2, the charge transport layer comprises 10 parts by weight of the organic charge transport substance made of the hydrazone compound and 10 parts by weight of the binder made of the polycarbonate resin, and 85 parts by weight of dichloromethane. 1. A method for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor, which comprises coating a coating liquid obtained by dissolving parts by weight.
JP2278801A 1990-03-12 1990-10-17 Electrophotographic photoreceptor Expired - Fee Related JP2707826B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6042190 1990-03-12
JP2-60421 1990-03-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH03278062A true JPH03278062A (en) 1991-12-09
JP2707826B2 JP2707826B2 (en) 1998-02-04

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03293672A (en) * 1990-04-12 1991-12-25 Canon Inc Electrophotographic sensitive body

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6340159A (en) * 1986-08-06 1988-02-20 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd Electrophotographic sensitive body
JPS63261266A (en) * 1987-04-18 1988-10-27 Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd Electrophotographic sensitive body
JPH01102469A (en) * 1987-10-15 1989-04-20 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Electrophotographic sensitive body

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6340159A (en) * 1986-08-06 1988-02-20 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd Electrophotographic sensitive body
JPS63261266A (en) * 1987-04-18 1988-10-27 Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd Electrophotographic sensitive body
JPH01102469A (en) * 1987-10-15 1989-04-20 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Electrophotographic sensitive body

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH03293672A (en) * 1990-04-12 1991-12-25 Canon Inc Electrophotographic sensitive body

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Publication number Publication date
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