JPS6040501B2 - conductive aluminum alloy - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to aluminum alloys.

More particularly, the present invention relates to aluminum alloys suitable for manufacturing wire, rough drawn wire, and other high strength or lightweight electrically conductive materials.

The aluminum alloy of the present invention is suitable for electrically conductive wires, rough wires, cables, busbars, tubular connecting devices, terminals, plugs, and other electrical subsequent devices. Aluminum alloys are lightweight and inexpensive, so they are currently used for a variety of purposes.

One of the areas in which this aluminum alloy is increasingly being used
One example is the manufacture of electric wires, which uses aluminum alloys instead of copper. Ordinary conductive aluminum alloy wire (called EC) contains pure aluminum and small amounts of impurities such as silicon, vanadium, iron, copper, manganese,
Contains magnesium, zinc, shelmetium, titanium, etc. Although aluminum alloys are desirable for weight and price reasons, they are far from achieving full acceptance in the conductive materials market.

One reason why it is not completely acceptable is that the normal E
This is due to the physical properties of the C aluminum alloy conductive material. If the thermal stability, without deteriorating the conductivity of the product,
Considerable progress could be made if physical properties such as tensile strength, elongation, ductility, and yield strength could be substantially improved. However, as has been found in other aluminum alloys, it is a well-established theory that addition of alloying elements improves physical properties but decreases electrical conductivity. Therefore, to produce a useful product,
Only alloying components that improve physical properties but do not substantially reduce conductivity can be added. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy conductive material with good physical properties and good conductivity.

Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be explained in more detail with respect to the following examples. The aluminum alloy of the present invention relates to a nickel-iron-silicon-zirconium-aluminum alloy, and includes nickel, iron, silicon,
By mixing zirconium with aluminum in a furnace, a melt having a predetermined component content is obtained.

First, to explain the nickel-iron-silicon-aluminum alloy, this aluminum alloy has a 0.20 to 0.0.
40 wt% nickel, 0.30-1.30 wt% iron, o. It is an alloy consisting of o5 to 1.0 skin t% silicon and the balance aluminum with trace amounts of normal impurities.

The aluminum content in this aluminum alloy is about 96.00 to 99.4 skin t%, and even better when the aluminum content is 97.80 to 99.20 wt%. It is clear that the maximum and minimum values of the aluminum content do not correspond to the maximum and minimum values of the alloying elements, but good results cannot be obtained if the maximum content of all alloying elements is used. . When commercially available aluminum is used to prepare the aluminum alloy melt, the amount of impurities in the aluminum before entering the furnace is 0. It is desirable that the amount is less than or equal to dish Wt%. Here, to explain the reason for limiting the content of nickel, iron, and silicon, first of all, the content of nickel is 0.20~
o. The reason why nickel is limited to within the range of 4 t% is that nickel has no solid solubility in aluminum and is dispersed in aluminum as fine particles, which can improve strength without significantly reducing conductivity. Effective, but 0.2 skin t%
This is because if the content is less than 0.4%, the effect will be small, and if the content exceeds 0.4 skin t%, the strength improving effect will be saturated. Next, the reason for limiting the iron content to within the range of 0.30 to 1.3 skin t% is that below 0.3 skin t%, there are few effects such as improving strength and heat resistance. This is because if the content exceeds 1.3%, the primary crystals of iron will have an adverse effect on the strength and further reduce the electrical conductivity. Next, the silicon content was determined to be o. The reason for limiting it to the range of o5 to 1.0 skin t% is as follows:
This is because if the content is less than 0.05 wt %, the heat treatment effect will be small and no improvement in strength can be expected, and if the content exceeds 1.0 skin t %, the electrical conductivity will decrease. Next, the nickel-iron-silicon-zirconium-aluminum alloy of the present invention will be explained. In order to improve heat resistance and mechanical strength, this aluminum alloy contains the above-mentioned nickel-iron-silicon. -0.01~ for aluminum alloy
This is an alloy to which 1.0% by weight of zirconium is further added.

Here, the zirconium content is o. ol ~ 1.0 skin t
The reason for limiting the range to 1% is that below 0.01wt%, the effect of improving heat resistance and mechanical strength is small;
．． This is because a content exceeding 0 t% lowers the conductivity. By the way, to explain the subsequent manufacturing method of an alloy prepared by preparing a melt with a predetermined component content, when a melt of the alloy is prepared, it is continuously cast by a continuous casting machine,
It is desirable to form a continuous rust mass.

Immediately thereafter, hot working is carried out using a rolling mill to form a continuous aluminum alloy rough wire. Therefore, an example of manufacturing a continuous rough drawn wire by continuous casting and rolling operations is shown below.

Although good results can be obtained with other methods,
Continuous operation can give even better results.
Other methods include producing rough wire or wire directly by ordinary extrusion or hydraulic extrusion, directly producing rough wire or wire by coagulating aluminum alloy powder, or directly producing rough wire or wire from molten aluminum alloy. There is a method of casting a drawn wire or a wire, and a method of casting a normal aluminum alloy billet, producing a rough drawn wire by hot working, and then producing a wire by drawing while subjecting to intermediate annealing. Continuous Casting and Rolling Operation A continuous casting machine is used to solidify the aluminum alloy melt to produce cast rods.

The cast grass is sent from the continuous casting machine to the rolling mill in a solidified state. A rolling mill is a machine that moves the cast metal along multiple rolling axes, hot-works the cast metal, and produces rough drawn wire and other hot-processed products. The continuous casting machine may be, for example, of the usual type with a casting wheel with a casting groove around its periphery, the casting groove being partially closed by an endless belt extending over the casting wheel and an idler roller. The casting wheel and moat end belt work together to inject molten metal into one end, solidify it, and take out the mirror block from the other end. The rolling mill is of the usual type and consists of a number of roll stands arranged to apply a series of deformations and hot workings to the cast bar.

The continuous casting machine and the rolling mill are arranged so that as soon as the cast twill solidifies, it is fed into the rolling mill in a solidified state. In this state, the cast bar is at the hot working temperature and there is no need to heat it between the continuous caster and the rolling mill. If it is desired to precisely adjust the temperature of the cast bar to the normal hot working temperature, it is within the scope of the present invention to insert a device for regulating the temperature of the cast bar between the continuous casting machine and the rolling mill. Each roll stand has a plurality of rolls that engage a casting rod. Each roll stand has 2 rolls.
The number of rolling passes may be two or more, facing each other, or arranged at regular intervals around the center line of the rolling pass. The rolls of each roll stand of a rolling mill are rotated at a predetermined speed by a power source such as one or more motors, and the casting wheels are rotated at a speed determined by operating conditions. The rolling mill hot-works the cast strands to form a rough wire having a much smaller cross-sectional area than the cross-sectional area of the cast strands entering the rolling mill. The outer circumferential surfaces of the rolls of each adjacent roll stand of the rolling mill have different shapes. That is, the casting rod is engaged with rolls of a series of roll stands having different outer peripheral shapes from different directions. In this way, by combining the casting bar with each roll stand of rolls with different surface shapes, the casting bar is forged and processed on each roll stand, and at the same time its cross-sectional shape is changed and its cross-sectional area is reduced. Process it into a rough line. When inserting a casting bar into each roll stand, a sufficient amount of casting bar is inserted per unit time to fill the void defined between the rolls so that the rolls of the roll stand can effectively work the cast bar metal. It is preferable that it be sent to

However, it is also undesirable that the voids defined by the rolls of each roll stand become overfilled and that the casting fins protrude into the roll gaps. Therefore, it is desirable that the casting twill be supplied in an amount per unit time that sufficiently fills the gaps defined in the rolls of each roll stand but does not overfill. When the cast rod exits the continuous caster and is cast, the casting traverse usually has a flat surface corresponding to the surface of the endless belt and an inwardly beveled side surface corresponding to the groove of the casting rod.

When the cast bar is compressed by the rolls of the roll stand, the cast rod is deformed and has a cross-sectional shape determined by the outer peripheral surface shape of each roll in contact with the rod. Therefore, according to this apparatus, by simultaneously casting a molten aluminum alloy, hot working and rolling a cast bar, it is possible to manufacture aluminum alloy rough wires of various different lengths.

This continuous rough-drawn wire has a minimum conductivity of 57% of IACS (International Competitive Steel Standard) and can be used as a conductive material or further drawn to reduce the cross-sectional area and wire. can be manufactured. To produce wire of various thicknesses, continuous rough drawn wire produced by casting and rolling operations is subjected to drawing.

Rough wire that has not been annealed, that is, as-rolled f
A series of dies that gradually become thinner is used to draw the tempered wire rod between the sleeves without performing intermediate annealing to produce a continuous wire of a desired diameter. It has been found that wire with better physical properties can be obtained by not performing intermediate phosphor dulling during drawing of rough drawn wire that has not been subjected to moth dulling. If some deterioration in physical properties is acceptable, processing may be performed by performing preliminary or intermediate sintering. The electrical conductivity of the hard drawn wire is at least 5
It has a value of 7% IACS. If it is desired to obtain even better conductivity or elongation, a wire of desired dimensions may be formed, cooled, and then dulled or partially scaled. Fully anchored wire, i.e. soft wire, must have an IAC of at least 58%.
It has a military leadership rate of S.

The drawn and optionally dawn anchored alloy wire has the good tensile strength, yield strength, thermal stability, maximum elongation, ductility and fatigue strength specified by this invention. Competing anchor operations may be carried out in a continuous manner, such as resistance hammering in a continuous furnace, induction phosphorization, convection casting, or beam firing anchoring, or it may be better to use a batch method in a batch furnace. When applying moth dulling continuously, the temperature is approximately 230 qo to 650 qo (approximately 4500 qo
F to 12,000F), and the time should be in the range of about 5 minutes to 1/10,000 minutes. However, normally the temperature conditions for continuous phosphorous operation are matched to the operating conditions of the equipment so long as the desired physical properties are obtained. At Batch Race Anchor, the temperature is approximately 200 pm 0-4
0000 (approximately 4000F ~ 750T), time is approximately 30
A range of minutes to two cape hours is used. As with continuous chick aging, the time and temperature for batch aging can be determined according to the operating conditions as long as the desired physical properties are obtained. For example, the properties of a completely dulled wire, that is, a soft wire, of a one-beat electric wire (American wire standard, diameter 2.6 wire) made of an aluminum alloy according to the present invention are as follows.

Next, examples of this invention will be shown.

Example 1 A predetermined amount of alloy components were added to 1816 pieces of molten aluminum containing impurities of 0.1 t% or less to prepare a molten alloy.

Its composition by weight was as follows: nickel
0.24% iron
0.41% silicon
0.24% aluminum
Lubbo made of aluminum oxide was used for the remaining alloy components that produce carbon compounds, and Luppo made of graphite was used for the others.

The melt was held at a sufficient temperature and for a sufficient period of time to ensure good dissolution of the alloying components in the base metal aluminum. The melt was covered with an argon atmosphere to prevent oxidation. The melt is
Continuous casting was carried out using a continuous casting machine, and immediately thereafter hot rolling was carried out using a rolling mill to prepare a 9.5 willow (3/8 inch) rough wire.
Next, the rolled hard rough drawn wire was pulled out and heated to 343°C (650°C).
0F) for 5 hours to adjust the soft lines. The final diameter of the wire was 2.6 inches (0.102 inches), or 1 inch American Wire Standard wire. The physical properties of this line were as follows. maximum tensile strength
14.20 si (9 jobs.4k9/dislike) Maximum stretching rate 23.7% conductivity
61.90% IACS Example 2 Other alloy melts were prepared similarly to Example 1.

Its composition by weight was as follows: nickel
0.25% iron
0.85% silicon
0.82% Aluminum Residue A 1 grade soft wire (2.6 ribs in diameter) was prepared from this melt.

The physical properties of this line were as follows. Maximum tensile strength 16.80 ribs si (1181
．． 2k9/ground) Large stretch rate 30
．． 0% conductivity 60.10%IA
CS Example 3 Similar to Example 1, other alloy melts were prepared.

Its composition by weight was as follows: nickel
0.30% iron
0.90% silicon
0.40% aluminum
A soft wire with a diameter of 2.6 mm was prepared from the remaining melt.

The physical properties of this line were as follows. Maximum tensile strength 1820 snake si (1279.
6k9/enemy) Maximum stretching rate 25.
2% conductivity 59.10%IAC
S Example 4 Similar to Example 1, other alloy melts were prepared.

Its composition by weight was as follows: nickel
0.40% iron
1.10% silicon
0.20% aluminum
A soft wire of one anti-flea wire (diameter 2.6 willow) was prepared from the remaining melt.

The physical properties of this line were as follows. Maximum tensile strength 1790 si (1258.
5k9/ground) Maximum stretch rate 26.
1% Conductivity 59.97% Example 5 Other alloy melts were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

Its composition by weight was as follows: nickel
0.30% iron
1.00% silicon
0.80% Aluminum Remainder A soft wire of one resistance wire (2.6 sail diameter) was prepared from this melt.

The physical properties of the line were as follows. Maximum tensile strength 1785 Si (1255k
9/enemy) Maximum stretching rate 23.6%
Conductivity 59.80%IACS Example 6, Example 1
Other alloy melts were prepared in a similar manner.

Its composition by weight was as follows: nickel
0.28% iron
0.78% silicon
0.16% zirconium
0.30% aluminum
One soft wire (2.6 ribs in diameter) was prepared from the remaining melt.

The physical properties of this line were as follows. Maximum tensile strength 2150 Yusi (15116
k9/ground) Maximum stretching rate 18.
0% conductivity 59.60% IAC
S Example 7 Similar to Example 1, other alloy melts were prepared.

Its composition by weight was as follows: nickel
0. Spotted iron
0. crucian carp% silicon
0.078% zirconium
0.80% Aluminum Remainder A soft wire of 1 round wire (2.6 diameter) was prepared from this melt.

The physical properties of this line were as follows. Maximum tensile strength 2090 Yusi (1469.
4k9/minute) Maximum stretching rate 184
% Conductivity Moth 70%IACS Testing and analysis of the aluminum alloy of this invention revealed that after cold working, the aluminum alloy of this invention has a
It was found that it contained intermetallic compound precipitates.

Furthermore, it was confirmed that one of the compounds was an aluminum-nickel intermetallic compound (NiA-3) and the other was an aluminum-iron intermetallic compound (FeA-3). It has been found that intermetallic compounds of nickel are very stable, especially at high temperatures. This nickel compound has little tendency to coalesce during phosphorous dulling of alloy products.
It is usually separated from the aluminum substrate. The mechanism of this alloy strengthening effect is due in part to the widespread dispersion of nickel intermetallic compounds in the aluminum substrate as precipitates. The precipitates serve to inhibit the growth of dislocations that occur during cold working of wires made from this alloy and to lock them together to increase tensile strength. We investigated the precipitated nickel intermetallic compounds of the drawn wire between the sleeves and found that the precipitated particles were oriented in the direction of drawing. Furthermore, it has been found that the precipitated particles can be twill-shaped, plate-shaped, or spherical. Other intermetallic compounds may also be formed depending on the composition of the melt and the content of alloying components. These intermetallic compounds include the following. Ni2A〆3, Fe2A so5, Zr3A so, Zr2A〆. Aso3Ni2, Aso3Fe5, Fe3NiAso,. , FeN
iA〆3Aluminum-iron intermetallic compound also dislocates during cold working of wire? (dislocation) to prevent growth and nail. Testing for iron intermetallic precipitates in cold drawn wire showed that the precipitates were uniformly distributed throughout the alloy and had a particle size of less than 1 micron. If the wire is drawn without intermediate phosphorous dulling, the particle size of the iron metal compound is less than 2000 angstroms. The conventional tensile strength, elongation rate,
One property of highly conductive aluminum alloy wire that is not shown in conductivity tests is how its properties change as a result of raising, lowering, or fluctuating the temperature of the wire. It is clear that the maximum practical temperature of wires and strands is influenced by their temperature characteristics. Various insulation processes are
Since it requires high-temperature curing, it is also important from a manufacturing standpoint. It has been found that the aluminum alloy wire of the present invention has better thermal stability than conventional aluminum alloy wire. The terms used in the description of this invention will be explained below and their meanings will be clarified.

"Aluminum Alloy Rough Wire" - A solid product that is long in length compared to its cross section.

Usually has a diameter of 9.5 to 76.2 sails (0.375 to 3 inches). "Aluminum Alloy Wire" - A solid product of long length compared to its cross section, which is square, rectangular, or circular, regular hexagonal, or regular octagonal with sharp or rounded corners, and whose diameter or parallel surfaces The maximum vertical distance between
inch).

Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above,
Various modifications can be made within the scope of this invention.

Embodiments A conductive aluminum alloy according to the claims, characterized in that it contains aluminum iron particles having a particle size of 2000 angstroms or less.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 0.20~0.40wt% nickel, 0.30~
Containing 1.30 wt% iron, 0.05-1.00 wt% silicon and 0.01-1.00 wt% zirconium, the remainder consisting of aluminum with trace amounts of normal impurities, processed into soft wire A conductive aluminum alloy with a conductivity of at least 58% IACS.