JPS6040028B2 - automatic composer - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic composing machine suitable for composing theme pieces for listening training or performance practice (including rhythm practice) in the field of music education.

In music education, listening training or performance practice (including rhythm practice) is widely practiced.

Generally, to conduct listening training, a teacher plays a short piece of music of about 2 to 4 measures, and has the students respond verbally or write it down on a musical staff. Furthermore, in order to practice playing, a similar short piece of music is printed in advance and distributed to the students, and the students are asked to perform based on it. In the past, it was customary for the teacher to compose the assigned piece of music used for such listening training or performance practice, or to use a portion of an existing piece of music.

However, if the composition of the assigned piece is left to the teacher, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a musically excellent assigned piece because the composition ability of the teacher varies among individuals. When using this method, there was a problem in that the room for choice was narrowed and the required songs became uniform.

This invention was made in order to solve the above problem, and its purpose is to automatically compose a piece of music to be used for this type of listening training or performance practice. The aim is to provide the opportunity.

In particular, the main object of the present invention is to automatically generate a series of note data constituting the note arrangement pattern of a piece of music. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a note arrangement pattern memory that stores a plurality of types of note arrangement pattern data representing a plurality of notes arranged in a predetermined order, and also provides a note arrangement pattern memory that stores a plurality of types of note arrangement pattern data representing a plurality of notes arranged in a predetermined order. A reading control means is provided for randomly extracting one of the plurality of types of note arrangement pattern data from the memory, and the extracted note arrangement pattern data is stored in a predetermined memory as a designated note arrangement. By doing this, the created note arrangement pattern data is configured to always end in units of 4 verses. An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of an automatic music composer according to the present invention.

The automatic music composition machine shown in this embodiment has two operating modes: a composition mode and a performance mode.

In the composition mode, as will be described later, a predetermined composition operation is performed based on each data retrieved from the pitch data memory and pattern memory, and the composed program data is stored in the score data memory. be done. On the contrary,
In the performance mode, automatic performance is performed by the speakers based on the song stored in the score data memory, and at the same time, the song is displayed as a score on the CRT screen, and the printer also displays the song corresponding to the song. The music score is printed out on paper using, for example, staff notation. Therefore, when conducting listening training in music education, after performing the operations in the composition mode described above, the students are asked to listen to a piece composed using the automatic performance function described above, and the results are displayed on a CRT. All you have to do is check the staff notation displayed or printed on the screen or printer paper.

In addition, when the students want to practice playing, it is sufficient to operate in the composition mode in the same way, print out the composed music using a printer, distribute it to the students, and play it.

Next, the operation of each mode described above will be explained in order starting from the composition mode.

To operate the composition mode, first turn on the composition start switch SWI. When SWI is turned on,
In response to the rise of “1” accompanying this, the differentiating circuit 1
is a micro-width “1” pulse (hereinafter referred to as △COMST)
At the same time, due to the rise of "1", the Q output of the RS flip-flop 2 (hereinafter referred to as COMP) is also set to "1". In this way, when ΔCOMST and COM circles "1" are output, the inverted Q outputs of the RS flip-flops 3 and 4 are set to "0" via OR circuits 5 and 6, respectively. With this "0" output, the counters 7 and 8 are released from reset and begin to advance in synchronization with the clock.

A predetermined count completion value is set in advance in the counters 7 and 8, and at the same time as this count completion value is reached, the carry-out output CO becomes a "1" pulse, respectively.
This carry-out output is supplied to latch circuits 9 and 10 as load signals, respectively.

At the same time, this carry-out output CO resets the RS flip-flops 3 and 4, and their inverted Q output becomes "1".
'', the counters 7 and 8 are reset and stop advancing.Random numerical data output from a random signal generator 11 is supplied to the input sides of the latch circuits 9 and 10, respectively. The random signal generator 11 is
For example, it is composed of a shift register or the like that operates as a maximum length scanner, and the random signal generator 11 sequentially outputs random numerical data in synchronization with the system clock. Therefore, as described above, when the carry-out outputs CO of the counters 7 and 8 are supplied to the load terminals L of the respective latch circuits 9 and 10, the same numerical data is latched in each of the latch circuits 9 and 1.

Next, the latched numerical data of the latch circuits 9 and 10' are used for addressing the pitch data memory 12 and pattern memory 13, respectively. First, the addressing operation on the pitch data memory 12 side will be explained. do. At each address in the pitch data memory 12, as shown in FIG.
This is why it is remembered.

Therefore, when some numerical data is latched in the latch circuit 9 as described above, only one pitch data stored at an address corresponding to this numerical data is read out from the pitch data memory 12. Ru. The extracted pitch data is then supplied to the discrimination circuit 14, the latch circuit 15, and the musical score data memory 16 in parallel. On the other hand, in the pattern memory 13, as shown in FIG. 3, there are a plurality of note arrangement pattern storage areas (six in this example) in which numerical data latched by one latch circuit is specified as the MSB. is provided. Each of these storage areas is composed of a plurality of addresses, and each of these addresses is configured such that the calculated value of the address counter 7 is specified as false B. In each address of each note arrangement pattern storage area, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of note data constituting a predetermined note arrangement pattern are sequentially stored from the first address according to a predetermined code. In particular, a predetermined end code is stored at the final address of each note arrangement pattern data. Further, the address counter 117 is connected to the OR circuit 1.
The reset signal is released by .DELTA.COMST "1" supplied through the signal 8, and is configured to advance each time a signal OK "1", which will be described later, arrives. Therefore, as mentioned above, in response to the carry-out output of the counter, the latch circuit 1
0' Some numerical data is latched and △COM
When the address counter 17 is reset to 0 in response to ST, the latch circuit 101 is read from the pattern memory 13.
The grabbed numerical data is specified as MSB.

One piece of note data stored at the leading address in the specific note arrangement pattern storage area is selected. The note data extracted from the pattern memory 13 is then transferred to the pattern F state ISH detection circuit 19 and the musical score data memory 1.
6 in parallel. Next, the discrimination processing operation in the discrimination circuit 14 will be explained.

The basic operation of the discrimination circuit 14 is to first compare pitch data retrieved from the pitch data memory 12 with preset musical conditions, and determine whether or not the conditions are met. This musical condition is stored in the condition data memory 20.
'This is remembered. Further, in this embodiment, a plurality of different musical conditions are stored in the condition data memory, and in the condition discrimination process, these are selectively combined according to the grade and used as the basis for discrimination.
The selection or combination of these various conditions is performed by operating the grade selection switch 21. Examples of musical conditions include:

River: The first sound is C.

‘2’ After C, there is only C.

(3- After Hua, there is only Mi.

t4} Progression of augmented 4th is prohibited.

Wind is prohibited from increasing by 5 degrees.

In addition to the above, the following items are selected depending on the grade.

■ Do not use black keys.

'71 mi and a are not used.

'8} Don't use C# or F#.

In this way, each pitch data read from the pitch data memory 12 is discriminated based on various musical conditions, and if the discrimination result matches each of the above conditions, a match signal is issued. It outputs a “1” pulse.

On the other hand, if the above musical conditions are not met, a "1" pulse is output as the reread signal NEXT. Further, particularly in this embodiment, the previous selection data stored in the latch circuit 16 is used as part of this discrimination material. When the OK signal "1" pulse is output, this pulse signal is supplied to the write terminal WT of the musical score data memory 16 via the AND circuit 45 and the OR circuit 22.
Further, the OK signal "1" is supplied to the count input CK of the address counter 27 via the OR circuit 38. As a result, the musical score data memory 16
recorded within. At the same time, the OK signal "1" pulse is fed to the load terminal L of the latch circuit 15, and the pitch data is latched into the latch circuit 15. Further, this signal OK causes the address counter 17 that determines the number B of the pattern memory described above to increment by one, and also causes the OR circuit 2 to increment by one.
3 and 5, the RS flip-flop 3 is set, and the reset of the counter 7 is released. As a result, as a predetermined time elapses, the carry-out output CO is again generated from the counter 7, and in response, new numerical data generated from the random signal generator 11 is latched into the latch circuit 9. Then, in response to this newly latched numerical data, the next pitch data is read out from the pitch data memory 12, and the discrimination circuit 14 reads out the next pitch data in the same manner as described above.
It is determined whether the musical condition matches the musical condition.
On the other hand, as a result of the determination in the determination circuit 14, if the pitch data retrieved from the pitch data memory 12 does not match the predetermined musical conditions, the reread signal N
A “1” pulse is output as EXT.

This signal NEXT is transmitted to the AND circuit 46, the OR circuit 23,
5 to set the RS flip-flop 3 and release the reset of the counter 7. As a result, new numerical data is latched in the latch circuit 9 due to the carry-out output of the counter 7 being 0 in the same way as described above, and new pitch data is generated from the pitch data memory 12 by this latched numerical data. is determined, and the discrimination operation is performed again in the same manner as described above. On the other hand, each time the latch signal OK is output in the discrimination circuit 14, the pattern memory 1
The count value of the address counter 17 that specifies the LSB of 3 is incremented by one.

As described above, in each note array pattern storage area of the pattern memory 13, note data is sequentially stored one by one starting from the top address as shown in FIG.
Therefore, each time the pitch data read from the pitch data memory 12 is determined to match a predetermined musical condition as a result of the determination process in the determination circuit 14, the BB of the pattern memory 13 is The note data is incremented one by one, and the note data stored at each address of the pattern area specified by the MSB is sequentially read out.
Next, the musical note data read from each pattern area in the pattern memory 13 is stored in the musical score data memory together with the pitch data read from the pitch data memory 12 and determined to match musical conditions. 16. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, within the note arrangement pattern area specified by each MSB, an end code is stored next to the final note data.

Then, as described above, when the note data of each note array pattern area is read out from the pattern memory 13 and finally the end code is read out, the pattern FINISH detection circuit 19 outputs the pattern FINISH detection signal "1" pulse. Output. Then, this detection signal causes the RS flip-flop 4 to be set again via the OR circuit 6, and the reset of the counter 8 is released. Therefore, the counter 8 starts counting, and when a predetermined count value is reached, it issues a carryout output CO. As a result, the latch circuit 10
First, in response to the carry-out output CO, new numerical data is latched as the MSB, and a new note arrangement pattern area in the pattern memory 13 is specified in accordance with this numerical data.

Next, in the same manner as described above, each time the pitch data read from the pitch data memory 12 is written into the musical score data memory 16, 1 is written in the specified note arrangement pattern area in the pattern memory 13. The address is incremented one by one, and the note data constituting each note arrangement pattern is read out one by one, and written into the score data memory 16 together with the pitch data read out from the pitch data memory 12. I'm going. On the other hand, the detection signal "1" pulse output from the pattern FINISH detection circuit 19 is connected to the bar counter 47 as a counting input.

The bar counter 47 is configured to be reset by ΔCOMST and incremented by one each time a detection signal output from the pattern FINISH detection circuit 19 arrives. The measure counter 47 is configured to have pitch data of about 2 to 4 measures written in the musical score data memory 16 and to generate a carry-out output CO. Therefore, as described above, while reading pitch data from the pitch data memory, determining it, writing the data to the score data memory, and reading out each note data from the pattern memory 13, the bar counter 47
When the count value within reaches the value corresponding to 4.the number of bars, the carry-out output CO of the bar counter 47 causes the FI
The NISH data generation circuit 24 is driven and a predetermined FIN
ISH data (for example, ALL “1”) is output.

At the same time, the carry-out output of the measure counter 47 is also supplied to the write terminal WT of the score data memory 16 via the OR circuit 22, so the FINISH data generated from the FmISH data generation circuit 24 is stored in the score data memory. This means that it is stored at the final address of . FIG. 4 is a memory map showing the states of each pitch data and note data stored in the musical score data memory. As shown in the figure, pitch data and note data are sequentially stored in pairs at each address of the musical score data memory 16, and preset FINISH data is written at the final address. be. In this way, when the composition start switch SWI is turned on, each stored pitch data is randomly read out one by one from the pitch data memory 2, and musical conditions are determined via the determination circuit 14. .

Then, only when it is determined that the pitch data matches a predetermined musical condition, the extracted pitch data is transferred to the musical score data memory 16 and written therein. Also, at the same time,
From the pattern memory 13, each note data constituting a predetermined note arrangement pattern is sequentially written into the musical score data memory 16 at the same time as the pitch data.
When approximately 2 to 4 measures of pitch data and note data are written into the score data memory 16, the extraction of the pitch data and note data is automatically completed, and then the FINISH data is written. It is generated and written into the musical score data memory 16. Next, the operation in the performance mode will be explained.

In order to operate the performance mode, first turn on the performance start switch SW2. When SW2 is turned on, in response to the rising edge of "1", the differentiation circuit 49 outputs a minute width "1" pulse (hereinafter referred to as ΔP).
At the same time, in response to the rising edge of the ``1'' pulse, the Q output of the RS flip-flop 25 (hereinafter referred to as PLAY) is set to ``1''. Q output is “
When set to "1", this "1" is delayed by one clock via the D flip-flop 50 and then supplied to the input side of the AND circuit 26.As a result, the AND circuit 2
The logic condition No. 6 is satisfied when the program end signal FINISH, which will be described later, is "1", and the RS flip-flop 25 is reset. In this way, △PLYST
and PLAY is output, the address counter 27
is reset by ΔPLYST supplied via the OR circuit 29, and at the same time, the note length counter 28 is reset by ΔPLYST supplied via the OR circuit 30. As mentioned above, the musical score data memory 16
As shown in FIG. 4, pitch data and note data are stored as a pair at each address, and FINISH data is stored at the final address.

Therefore, when the address counter 27 is reset as described above, the pitch data and note data stored at the leading address are read out in parallel from the musical score data memory 16.

The pitch data is then supplied to the musical tone forming circuit 51,
A musical tone forming process is performed, and the musical tone signal thus formed is amplified via an amplifier 52 and then output from a speaker 53. Also, sheet music data memo IJ16
The pitch data extracted from the CRT control circuit 32 and the printer control circuit 33 are also supplied in parallel.

The CRT control circuit 32 performs predetermined video processing based on the pitch data read from the musical score data 16.
The musical notes corresponding to the pitch data are displayed on the CRT 34 using, for example, a staff score. Further, the printer control circuit 33 processes the pitch data into a predetermined print format, and similarly prints it out on staff sheet using the printer 35. On the other hand,
The note data retrieved from the score data memory 16 is supplied to the data input side of the note length comparison circuit 36.

Here, each note data represents the length of each note by the number of pieces, with one period of a predetermined tempo clock as a reference. The count value of the note length counter 28 is supplied to the reference input side of the note length comparison circuit 36. The note length counter 28 is configured to count the tempo clock TCL output from the tempo clock oscillator 54. Therefore, when it is determined in the note length comparison circuit 36 that the note data being read out at that point in time matches the count value of the note length counter 28, a coincidence signal EQ "1" is output.

At this time, the input conditions of the AND circuit 37 are PLAY “1”,
The output of the AND circuit 37 causes the address counter 27 to be incremented via the OR circuit 38. In this way, when the count value of the address counter 27 is incremented by one, the pair of pitch data and note data stored at the next address are transferred from the score data memory 16 as shown in FIG. , and are repeatedly supplied to the tone forming circuit 51, CRT control circuit 32, and printer control circuit 33 as described above.

Therefore, when the performance start switch SW2 is turned on, the melody corresponding to the composed musical score stored in the musical score data memory 16 will flow from the speaker 53, and the musical score will be displayed on the CRT 34 as a staff notation. The musical score is similarly printed out from the printer 35 on staff sheet paper.

While repeating the above, the FINISH data stored at the final address is transferred to the score data memory 16 as shown in FIG.
When the signal is read from the FINISH detection circuit 39, the FINISH detection circuit 39 is driven and the FWISH detection signal FmISH is output. This signal FmISH is supplied to the aforementioned AND circuit 26, and as a result, the RS flip-flop 25 is reset, the signal PLAY becomes "0", and the increment of the address counter 27 is prohibited. That is, this completes the extraction of each note data and pitch data from the musical score data memory 16. Thus, in the automatic music composer shown in this embodiment, a plurality of types of pitch data are stored in the pitch data memory 12, and on the other hand, a random address signal for addressing this pitch data memory is used. Since random numerical data read out from the signal generator 11 is used, the blue pitch data read out from the pitch data memory 12 is
The data will be extremely non-uniform, with no artificial individuality added to it.

Furthermore, since this non-uniformly read pitch data is arranged in a musical order in light of predetermined musical conditions, the number of pieces of music stored in the score data memory 16 is extremely variable. The melody has an innovative style, and unlike when the teacher composes a traditional assigned piece, the melody does not become attached to a fixed personality, and if you repeat the composition mode many times, the melody will be different each time. Because you can obtain the required pieces, you are not limited in your choices when obtaining the required pieces, as is the case when using some of the existing pieces of music, and if you use this, you will be able to use it in places such as music education. This makes it extremely suitable for listening training or performance practice. Furthermore, in this embodiment, various musical conditions can be selectively combined depending on the grade as the conditions for discrimination in the discrimination circuit 14, so that in music education etc. The musical level of the piece to be composed can be arbitrarily selected from easy to advanced according to the proficiency level or grade of the student, and the musical conditions stored in the condition data memory 20 If you dare to condition this to have a specific style, you will end up with a song that suits your taste, but with an unpredictable pitch arrangement. This makes it possible to obtain D freely. Furthermore, in this embodiment, as a means for obtaining note data accompanying each pitch data, note arrangement pattern data is constructed by arranging a plurality of notes in a predetermined order in advance, and this note arrangement pattern data is Since multiple sets of note arrangement patterns are stored in the pattern memory and read out at random, by combining a plurality of these note arrangement patterns, an accurate note arrangement pattern of 2 to 4 measures can be created. can be obtained with certainty.

In other words, since the length of each note arrangement pattern data is set to a certain time in advance, by devising multiple sets of these, it is possible to reliably obtain a note arrangement pattern that ends at the 4-clause break. It is. Furthermore, in this embodiment, each note data constituting each note arrangement pattern data is controlled by a TCL of a tempo clock.
Each note array pattern storage area is set in correspondence with each MSB of the pattern memory, and each address of this note array pattern storage area is expressed by the number of pieces based on the I period as a reference, and each address of this note array pattern storage area is expressed as 1 by the LSB of the pattern memory. Since the configuration is configured so that each address is specified, the memory area for storing the note arrangement pattern data in memory can be used extremely effectively, and the pitch data and the note data constituting each note arrangement pattern can be stored separately. 1 in the score data memory 16 as parallel data.
It becomes possible to simultaneously store the data at the address, and it becomes possible to effectively utilize the memory area in the musical score data memory 16.

In addition, since the pitch data and the note data are stored as a pair at each address in the score data memory 16, the automatic performance processing circuit also controls the score data memory. By dividing the output line into upper and lower bits, note data and pitch data can be easily separated, and the configuration of the automatic performance circuit can be simplified. Incidentally, in the above embodiment, the conditions from m to leg are listed as the conditions for the discriminating circuit 14, but various other musical conditions can be used, and when these are arranged, the following is obtained. become.

'9} The last sound is prohibited from Kurokama-ken.

[IQ The number of black keys is allowed up to two times.

(11) The last note must not be the same as the previous note.

In this way, various musical conditions can be cited, and by appropriately combining these conditions, it becomes possible to freely set or select a musical style. In particular, in this embodiment, when determining whether the discriminating circuit matches the musical condition, the previously extracted pitch data stored in the latch circuit 15 is used as part of the discriminating data. This makes it extremely easy to determine the difference in pitch between the previous note and the next note.

As is clear from the description of the embodiments above, the automatic music composer according to the present invention has a note arrangement pattern memory that stores a plurality of types of note arrangement pattern data representing a plurality of notes arranged in a predetermined order. and reading control means for randomly reading out one of the plurality of types of note arrangement pattern data from the note arrangement pattern memory, and combining a plurality of the randomly read note arrangement pattern data to form a predetermined length. Since it is designed to obtain note arrangement pattern data that constitutes a piece of music, the note arrangement pattern of a composed piece must always end in measures, and it is necessary to obtain note arrangement pattern data that corresponds to a piece of music of a certain length. It is possible to obtain it with certainty.

Therefore, if automatically composed pitch data is added to this composed note arrangement pattern data, as shown in the example, it is extremely easy to write short and unpredictable pieces of music. If you can obtain the note arrangement pattern data, it is relatively easy to compose a piece by adding pitch data to it. Depending on the method, it becomes possible to obtain the required pieces used in this main music education relatively easily. In this embodiment, the last note of the note arrangement pattern data is also configured to simply use the last note stored in each note arrangement pattern data. For example, if the last note of the note arrangement pattern data is related so that it ends with a quarter note + a quarter rest, it is possible to give a natural feeling of ending at the end of a series of note arrangement pattern data. It becomes possible.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the data length of each note arrangement pattern data is set to the bipartite note length, but if this is made even longer, for example, one measure, the circuit configuration can be further simplified. Of course it can be done.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, each note data extracted from the note arrangement pattern memory is written in parallel to the musical score data memory together with each note data read from the pitch data memory, Kendashi 1 In this case as well, each pitch data was configured to be converted into a predetermined musical tone via the musical tone forming circuit, but when simply using it for rhythm practice, the output of the note length comparison circuit 36 is used. All you have to do is drive the rhythm instrument sound source.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the electrical configuration of an automatic music composer according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a memory map in the pitch data memory shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a memory map showing the data structure in the musical score data memory shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a memory map showing the data structure in the musical score data memory shown in FIG. 11... Random signal generator, 13... Pattern memory, 16... Score data memory. Figure 2 Figure 3 Ship Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A note arrangement pattern memory storing a plurality of types of note arrangement pattern data representing a plurality of notes arranged in a predetermined order, and randomly selecting one of the plurality of types of note arrangement pattern data from the note arrangement pattern memory. An automatic musical composition machine comprising at least a readout control means for reading out, and a specified note arrangement memory for storing note arrangement pattern data read out from the note arrangement pattern memory.