JPS6029949B2 - electronic musical instrument device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument device that displays and instructs keys to be pressed in accordance with musical score data of a piece of music to be practiced.

In an electronic musical instrument, as a means for self-studying keyboard performance operations, note data is sequentially read out based on the musical score data of the song to be practiced, and the key of the pitch corresponding to this note data is displayed and instructed. It is thought to be scaly.

That is, the performance practitioner visually recognizes the displayed keys and can play the practice piece by pressing the displayed keys. In this case, the note data provided for the key press display is read out corresponding to the note length interval of the note, and the key press display is also performed corresponding to the note length. Actual performance practitioners practice while looking at the score and checking the above-mentioned key press display, but beginners in particular practice playing the keys while following the key press display. Become.

Therefore, after the key to be actually operated is displayed and specified, the displayed key will be operated after a certain time delay. Difficult to implement. For this reason, it has been considered to display a key press display in advance of the timing at which the key is actually to be pressed, and to allow the practitioner to display and designate the next key to be operated in advance.

For example, this preceding note is read out one note ahead of the note to be actually played at present, and displayed one note in advance.

However, with this, the interval between the timing of the key press display and the timing of actually operating the key may be too large.
For beginners, it becomes difficult to operate the keys in accordance with the rhythm. It has also been considered to always display the key to be operated in advance by a specified fixed period of time, assuming the time from when the key press display is viewed until the key press operation is actually performed.

However, even in such cases, when there are consecutive notes with very short note lengths, a situation may occur where the notes in the middle are skipped and the keys displayed are displayed, making it difficult for the practitioner to clearly identify the key to be operated. It becomes difficult to know. This invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and the key to be pressed is displayed and specified based on musical score data, and this key press display is made in accordance with the note duration of the note. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic musical instrument device that allows key pressing practice to be carried out in accordance with the rhythm at a time ratio specified by the rhythm.

That is, the electronic musical instrument device according to the present invention reads note data corresponding to the note length from a data memory storing musical score data, displays key presses on the keyboard, and displays the next note following the currently played note. Detects the preceding note data,
The key corresponding to the pitch of the note data is designated to be displayed in advance at a time ratio specified for the note length.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows its configuration. Numeral 11 is a musical score representing a piece of music to be practiced, and this musical score 11 has, for example, a magnetic recording section 11a formed therein. This recording section 1
In 1a, musical score data expressing the performance piece written in the musical score 11 is recorded, and this recorded data is read by the musical score data controller 12. In this case, it is effective if the reading control device 12 is provided corresponding to, for example, a music stand of a musical instrument cabinet, so that when the musical score 11 is set on this music stand, the data recorded in the recording section 11a is read. . Here, the recording section 11
The musical score data recorded in a is composed of, for example, melody data corresponding to the performance of the upper keyboard UK, and accompaniment sound data corresponding to the performance of the lower keyboard and further the pedal keyboard. It is configured in the format shown in the figure.

First, outside of the melody day, as shown in Figure 2, the key code "KC" data indicating the pitch and the note length "LN" indicating the note length.
In combination with "G" data, one musical note data is constituted, and these data are constructed by setting addresses in the order of musical notes on the musical score.

Then, end "FINISH" data is set at the address position corresponding to the note length data of the final note data. In addition, the accompaniment sound data has the code name “NAM” as shown in Figure 3.
A combination of the "E" data and the note length data indicating the note length range of this chord constitutes the note data specifying the bass note and chord note.

These note data for accompaniment tones are configured by sequentially setting addresses. The data such as each key code, note length, chord name, etc. shown in these formats is
For example, it is composed of 8-bit status information, of which the upper two bits are used as an identification code of the data type.

The remaining 6 bits are used as appropriate depending on the data content, but in the case of key code "KC" data, 2 of the 6 bits represent the octave code, and the other 4 bits represent the sound. The first name is expressed, and the pitch data is composed of both. Also, in the case of code name data,
2 bits out of the remaining 6 bits are ``Mejiya'' and ``Mina''.
The other 4 bits are used as a pitch name code representing the root tone of the chord sound, such as "hh". Furthermore, the mark length data expresses a numerical value corresponding to the mark length using 6 bits, and the end code is composed of a special code of all "1"s. Here, the rest mark is also expressed as part of the keycode data,
In this case, the remaining 6 bits are expressed as all "0".

In other words, a musical score in which such musical score data is recorded,
When music score data is set in the Kendori control device 12, the melody data memory 3 consisting of RAM etc. is sent from this control device 12.
A write command is given to each of the data memory 13 and the accompaniment sound data memory 14.
, 14 are set to the write state.

Further, the control device 12 reads data in the format shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 from the recording unit 11a in address order, and supplies the read data to the data memories 13 and 14. The read address data is supplied to selectors 15 and 16 as an input A signal. In this data loading state,
An address select command is further given from the control device 12, and a signal SA for selecting input A is supplied to the selectors 15 and 16, so that the address data generated from the control device 12 is given to the data memories 13 and 14. do. That is, the musical score data recorded in the recording section 11a of the musical score 11 is written and set in the data memories 13 and 14 in the format shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively. Here, address count data from address counters 17 and 18 is supplied as input B to selectors 15 and 16, respectively, and when there is no address selection command from control device 12, inverters 19 and 20 Then, select command SB is given to selectors 15 and 16.

In this way, when the predetermined score data has been written to each of the melody data memory 13 and accompaniment data memory 14, the write command from the control device 12 is cut off, and both data memories 13 and 14 are read (read). ) state. At the same time, the address select command is also cut off, and selectors 15 and 16 are switched to address counter 17.
, 18 are selected and applied to data memories 3 and 14, respectively. This electronic musical instrument device includes a start switch 2 for commanding the start of performance.
1 is provided. This start switch 21 is configured, for example, as a self-resetting type, and when the start switch 21 is operated, the differential circuit 22
A differential pulse signal is generated from. This differential pulse signal is used as a ΔSTRT signal, and is used for resetting and initializing the address counters 17 and 18, and is also used for the flip-flop circuit 23.
is set, and a "PLAY" signal for a performance operation command is generated.

Further, the differential pulse signal may be applied to a delayed flip-flop or the like driven by a system clock, for example.
ΔST
A ΔSTRr signal delayed by two clocks from the RT signal is generated. The data read from the melody and accompaniment data memories 13 and 14, respectively, is supplied to identification code detection circuits 25 and 26,
The identification code of the data read from each data memory 13, 14 is determined. That is, when the key code data is read from the data memory 13, the identification code detection circuit 25 outputs the melody key code detection signal "
When the note length data is subsequently read out, the melody note length detection signal ``MELG'' is generated, and when the end code ``FINISH'' is detected, the flip-flop circuit .MEKC is generated. A reset command is given to 23. Furthermore, when chord name data is read out from the accompaniment sound data memory 4, a chord name detection signal "CHKC" is sent from the identification code detection circuit 26, and when chord note length data following this is read out, a chord name detection signal is sent out from the identification code detection circuit 26. Generates a note length detection signal "CHLG". Further, the data read from the melody data memory 13 is transferred to the latch circuit 27.
, 28, respectively, and this latch circuit 2
Signals ``M old KC'' and ``MELG'' are supplied from the identification code detection circuit 25 as load commands to 7 and 28, respectively, and key code data and note length data are latched and stored, respectively. Further, the data read from the accompaniment sound data memory 4 is transferred to the latch circuit 29,
The latch circuits 29 and 3 are supplied with the detection signal "CH" from the identification code detection circuit 26.
KC" and "CHLG" are supplied as load commands. Latch circuits 27 to 30 that store each data in this way
In addition to each memory data, latch circuits 31 to 34
These latch circuits 31 to 3
4, the latch circuits 27 to 3 in the preceding stage, respectively.
Signals similar to 0 “M old KC” “MELGJ “CHKC”
"CHLG" is supplied as a load command.

That is, the latch circuit 31 latches and stores the current data of the key code that is actually used for performance, and the preceding latch circuit 27 latches and stores the key code based on the next note data as preceding data. The current data of the latch circuit 31 is supplied to the automatic melody sound forming circuit 35, and a melody musical sound signal having a pitch corresponding to this data is formed.

In this case, the forming circuit 35 is supplied with a drive command (ENEFULLY=EN) from an AND circuit 36, and the AND circuit 36 is supplied with a signal when the sound production command switch 37 is turned on together with the PLAYJ signal. So switch 3
7, the musical tone signal is generated and supplied to the speaker 39 via the amplifier 38, so that it is produced as an automatic melody player. This automatic melody playing sound is
It is used as a reference performance sound for a practice performance to be described later, and in such a case, it is sufficient to be able to adjust the performance volume level to a low level. Similarly, current data with a note length corresponding to the current data is latched and stored in the latch circuit 32.
8 stores preceding data, and the current data of this feature is supplied to the control circuit 401 together with the preceding data of the key code from the latch circuit 27. Similarly, the latch circuits 29 and 33 are in a state where the preceding data and current data of the chord name data are latched stored, and the current chord name data from the latch circuit 33 is supplied to the automatic accompaniment tone forming circuit 41, and the chord name data is Form musical tone signals of bass notes and chord notes based on the data.

This forming circuit 41 is also supplied with an AND circuit 43 which is supplied with the "PLAY" signal and a signal from the sound generation command switch 42.
The musical tone signals of the generated bass tone and chord tone are supplied to the amplifier 38, and are output from the speaker 29 as automatic accompaniment tones.
Here, the tempo clock signal T from the tempo oscillator 44
A rhythm pattern generation circuit 45 to which CL is supplied is provided.

This rhythm pattern generation circuit 45, for example, counts the tempo clock signal TCL in a binary manner, and combines the counted bit information in a ROM or the like to generate a rhythm pattern signal corresponding to the rhythm type, as well as the above-mentioned bass tone and chord tone. It forms a rhythm pulse signal, and generates a rhythm pattern signal and a rhythm pulse signal of the rhythm type selected by a rhythm selection means (not shown). Then, this rhythm pulse signal is transmitted to the automatic accompaniment tone forming circuit 4.
1, and the generated bass and chord sounds are rhythmically expressed. In addition, the rhythm pattern signal is
The rhythm sound source circuit 46 is driven to generate an automatic rhythm sound signal based on percussion instrument sounds, and the signal is output to the speaker 39 via the amplifier 38.
From then on, it will be pronounced as an automatic rhythm performance sound. Tempo clock signal TC from the tempo oscillator 44
L is supplied to the tempo counter 47 as a count signal and also to the control circuit 4, and the count value data of the tempo counter 47 is compared with the current note length data stored in the latch circuit 34 and the comparison circuit 48. be compared.

The comparison circuit 48 generates an equal signal EQ when both supplied data match, and outputs an equal signal EQ to the OR circuit 4.
9, the tempo counter 47 is reset. This OR circuit 49 is further supplied with a ΔSTRT signal, which is reset and initialized at the start of a performance, and the comparison circuit 48, an equal signal EQ is generated. FIG. 4 shows a specific example of the configuration of the control circuit 40, in which the preceding key code data from the latch circuit 27 is supplied to the latch circuit 50'.

Further, the current mark length data from the latch circuit 32 is supplied to the comparator circuit 51', and the current mark length data is "0.5" and "0.75".
'' to the multiplication circuits 52a and 52b, and convert the supplied code length data into 50% and 75% converted code length data,
It is supplied to selector 53 as inputs A and B. This selector 53 is supplied with a select signal SA or S for selecting the input A or B by a select switch 54.
B is supplied, and the selected odd-f note length data is supplied to the comparator circuit 55. Then, the count value data of the tempo counter 56 that counts the tempo clock signal TCL is supplied to the comparison circuits 51 and 55 as comparison data, and the equal signal EQ from the comparison circuit 55 is
It is supplied to the OR circuit 57 along with the Rr signal, and this OR circuit 5
The output signal from the latch circuit 501 is supplied as a load command. Also, the equal signal E from the comparator circuit 51
Q is supplied along with the ΔSTRT signal to an OR circuit 58, and the output signal from this OR circuit 58 resets the tempo counter 56. That is, the comparator circuit 51 acts in the same manner as the comparator circuit 48, and generates the equal signal EQ every time the time period corresponding to the note length data latched in the latch circuit 32 elapses. These comparison circuits 51 and 4
The equal signal EQ generated from 8 is supplied to AND circuits 59 and 601, respectively. This AND circuit 59,6
The river is supplied with note length code detection signals "MELG" and "CHLEG" from identification code detection circuits 25 and 26, respectively, as gate signals. This detection signal “
"MELG" and "C ratio G" are generated when note length data is being read, and this signal "MELG" is generated when the note length data is being read.
” and “CHLG” are each inverter 61
, 62.

Then, the output signals from the inverters 61 and 62, the output signals from the AND circuits 59 and 60, and the ΔSTRT
' signals are supplied to OR circuits 63 and 64, respectively, and output signals from these OR circuits 63 and 64 are coupled to AND circuits 65 and 66, respectively. This AND circuit 65,6
6 is supplied with the "PLAY" signal and the system clock, and the output signals from the AND circuits 65 and 66 are as follows:
These signals are supplied to address counters 17 and 18, respectively, as count signals for incrementing the address. The key code data latched and stored in the latch circuit 50 of the control circuit 40 is supplied to a key press position display circuit 67.

This circuit 67 controls lighting of a group of key press display elements 69 provided corresponding to each key of a keyboard 68 operated by a practicing student, and produces a sound corresponding to the key code data stored in the latch circuit 50. The high key display element is driven to display and visually instructs the performance practice student which key to press. A key switch circuit 70 is provided for the keyboard 68, and generates a pitch signal corresponding to the operated key from the key switch circuit 70, and outputs a performance sound forming circuit 71.
As the keys on the keyboard 68 are operated, musical tone signals corresponding to the pitches of the operated keys are formed.

Then, this musical tone signal is sent to the amplifier 38, and then outputted from the speaker 39 as a performance sound. Here, the operation command "EN" is supplied to the key press position display circuit 67 from the AND circuit 72.
2, there is an operation command switch 73 along with the "PLAY" signal.
This switch 73 selects whether or not to perform the display operation of the key press display element group 69. That is, in the electronic musical instrument device configured as described above, musical score data recorded on the musical score 11 is read by the reading control device 12, and the data memory 1 for melody and accompaniment is read.
With the information written in 3 and 14, preparation for performance is completed.

In this state, as mentioned above, the data memories 13 and 14
are set to a read state, and selectors 15 and 16 are set to select data from address counters 17 and 18 and provide it to data memories 13 and 14 as address data. When the start switch 21 is operated in this state, the ΔSTRT signal is generated from the differentiating circuit 22, and the flip-flop circuit 23 is set to a state where the "PLAY" signal is generated.

Then, the address counters 17 and 18 are activated by the △STRT signal.
And the tempo counters 56, 47 are reset and initialized. In this state, address counters 7, 1
The count value of 8 becomes "0", so data memory 1
No data is read from 3 and 14, and the mark length data detection signal "MELG" from the identification code detection circuits 25 and 26
and "CHLG" are in the state of "0", and therefore an output signal of "1" is generated from the inverters 61 and 62, and a gate signal is given to the AND circuit 66 together with the "PLAY" signal. Therefore, both address counters 17 and 18 are incremented to "1" by clocking.
The key code data and code name data at the first address are read out from the data memories 3 and 14, respectively, and the detection signal "MEK" is output from the identification code detection circuits 25 and 26.
C” and “CHKC” are generated. Therefore, the latch circuits 27 and 29 are provided with the key code data and the code.
Each key name data is stored in a latch. In this state, the code detection signals "M old LG" and "CHLG" do not exist yet, so the outputs of the inverters 61 and 62 are "1".
The address counters 7 and 18 are further incremented at the next clock, and the code length data is read out from the data memories 13 and 14, respectively.

Then, the detection signal "
"M old LG" and "CHLG" are generated and stored in the latch circuits 28 and 3, respectively, outside the note length data. In this state, the detection signals "MELG" and "CH
Since "LG" becomes "1", the outputs of the inverters 61 and 62 become "0", and the incrementing operation of the address counters 17 and 18 is stopped. However, at this point, the delay circuit 24a
, 24b, a ΔSTRT' signal is generated,
A gate signal is again applied to the AND circuit 65 via the OR circuits 63 and 64, and the address counter 7 is incremented.

Therefore, from the data memories 13 and 14, the key code data and chord name data of the next note data following the first note data consisting of the combination of the previously read key code, chord name data, and note length data are read out. , these respective data are sent to the latch circuit 27 in the same way as above.
, 29. At this time, a load command is given to the latch circuits 31 and 33 as well as a load command to the latch circuits 27 and 29. Therefore, the key code data and chord name data of the first note data are sent to the latch circuits 31 and 33, respectively. Shifted and latched. When reading this key code data and code name data, the detection signals "M old LG" and "CHL" are sent from the identification code detection circuits 25 and 26.
G'' does not exist, the output signals from the inverters 61 and 62 provide gate signals to the AND circuits 65 and 66, and therefore the address counter 17 is further incremented and the next mark length data is transferred to the data memory 13, The note length data read out from the latch circuits 28 and 3 is stored in the latch circuit 28 and 3 in the same manner as described above.
4 will be shifted and stored.

That is, the current key code data to be played is stored in the latch circuit 31, the current chord name data is stored in the latch circuit 33, and the corresponding current key code and chord name data are stored in the latch circuits 32 and 34, respectively. The corresponding note length data is latched.

The latch circuits 27 to 301 then enter a state in which data corresponding to the next note data is stored in advance. In this state, since the mark length data is being read from the data memories 13 and 14, the identification code detection circuit 25
, 26, the detection signals "MELG" and "CHLG" are "1".
'', no output signals are generated from OR circuits 63 and 64, and address counters 17 and 18 are not incremented. When such a state occurs, the latch circuit 31
The key code data of the latch circuit 33 is supplied to the automatic melody tone forming circuit 35, and the chord name data of the latch circuit 33 is supplied to the automatic accompaniment tone forming circuit 41.
In this state, the speaker 39 generates melody and accompaniment sounds, as well as automatic rhythm performance sounds from the rhythm sound source.

At this time, since the control circuit 4 is not supplied with key code data from the latch circuit 31, the pressed key position on the keyboard 68 corresponding to the first note is not displayed.

In addition, the latch circuits 32 and 34 are connected to the first performance sound (
Since the note length data corresponding to the notes of the melody and accompaniment are latched and stored, and the tempo counters 56 and 47 are counted by the tempo clock TCL at the same time as the performance note starts, the comparator circuits 51 and 48 respectively output
The equal signal EQ is generated after a time period corresponding to the note length of the melody note and chord note has elapsed.

This equal signal resets the corresponding tempo counters 56 and 47, and also resets the AND circuit 5.
9.6 Give the river signal. At this time, the identification code detection circuits 25 and 26 output the note length code detection signals "MELG" and "
CHLG" continues to occur, the equal signal EQ is output to the AND circuits 59, 60 and the OR circuit 63,
64 and gives a gate command to AND circuits 65 and 66. Then, the address counters 17 and 18 are incremented by the clock, and the key code data of the next note is read out from the melody data memory 13, and the next chord name data is read out from the accompaniment data memory 14, and the same latch circuit is used as described above. 27 and 29 are latched.
When reading this key code data and code name data, since the detection signals "M top LG" and "CHLG" are not present, the address counters 7 and 18 are incremented by the output signals from the inverters 61 and 62, and the above key code The note length data corresponding to the data and chord name data are read out and latched and stored in the latch circuits 28 and 301.

The data that has been stored in the latch circuits 27 to 3 is then shifted to the latch circuits 31 to 34 and latched therein so that they can be used for automatic performance. In other words, the note data for the melody and accompaniment notes are read out sequentially at the note length interval of the old note, and the melody, bass note, and chord note accompaniment are automatically played in accordance with the automatic rhythm performance. The state will be as follows.

On the other hand, in the control circuit 401, the multiplier circuits 52a and 52b detect time data of 50% or 75% of the note length of the melody note currently being played, and the selector 53 selects one of them. and supplies it to the comparison circuit 55.

For example, when the select switch 54 is in the state shown in the figure, 50% conversion code data from the multiplication circuit 52a is selected and supplied to the comparison circuit 55. Therefore, the comparison circuit 5
5, when 50% of the note duration of the currently played note has elapsed, an equal signal EQ is generated, a load command is given to the latch circuit 50, and the preceding key code data is read from the latch circuit 27 and stored in the latch. do. Then, this preceding key code data is supplied to the pressed key position display circuit 67, and in the key pressed display element group 69 of the keyboard 68, the display element of the pitch corresponding to the outside of this preceding key code data is driven to light up.
That is, the key to be operated next is displayed and specified when 50% of the note length of the previous note has elapsed from the actual key operation timing. Therefore, when the actual musical score for the original performance is in the state shown in A of Figure 5, the key press display is made to precede the display as shown in B of the same figure, and the performance practitioner performs the next operation using this display. This allows the user to practice playing by checking the keys to be pressed in advance and pressing the keys at the intended timing. If the select switch 54 is switched from the state shown in the figure and the converted note length data from the multiplier circuit 52b is selected by the selector 53, the note length will be changed when 75% of the note length of the note during performance has elapsed. 25%
The key to be operated next is specified for display in advance. In this way, when the performance progresses and the FINISH code is read out from the melody data memory 13, this is detected by the identification code detection circuit 25.
Reset the flip-flop circuit 23 and press "PLAY"
The signal is cut off and the playing operation is ended. As described above, according to the present invention, the position of the next key to be operated is always displayed in advance of the note length of the note being played by a certain percentage of time, making it easier to practice playing. The user can easily check the keys to be operated and effectively practice key operations in accordance with the rhythm.

In this case, the preceding display time is always specified within the note length range of the note to be played, so even if short note lengths are consecutive, the key press can be performed reliably for all notes. It is possible to display the position.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating an electronic musical instrument device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 show examples of musical score data formats for melody and accompaniment, respectively, used in the above embodiment. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing an example of a control circuit for display in the above embodiment, and A and B in FIG. 5 are diagrams showing the state of key press display for actual musical notes. 11... Musical score, 12... Data reading control device, 13... Melody data memory, 14
... Accompaniment sound data memory, 17, 18 ... Address counter, 25, 26 ... Identification code detection circuit, 27 to 34, 50 ... Latch circuit, 40 ...
...Control circuit, 44... Tempo oscillator, 48,
55... Comparison circuit, 47, 56... Tempo counter, 67... Key pressed position display circuit, 68... Keyboard, 69
...Key press display element group. Figure 5 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A data memory that stores note data consisting of pitch data and note length data corresponding to each note expressed in a musical score, and reads out each note data from this data memory at intervals corresponding to the note length. means for reading and storing the next preceding data following the read note data; a key depression display element provided corresponding to each key of the keyboard section; Means for detecting note length data of musical note data corresponding to a performance and precedingly displaying a key press display element corresponding to pitch data of the preceding musical note data by a period of time specified for the note length. An electronic musical instrument device comprising: