JPS6036739A - Control apparatus for internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable to obtain highly reliable and optimum engine performance under any circumstances, by detecting the operation timing of an operation valve by analyzing the wave-form of an electric signal applied to an electromagnetic solenoid, and correcting the output timing of said electric signal. CONSTITUTION:A control unit 30 consisting of a micro-computer determines the operation timing of an operation valve on the basis of the turning angle of an internal-combustion engine detected by a detecting means 21 and various data representing the operational conditions of the engine which are detected by an operation variable detecting means 25 and actuates the operation valve by an electric signal 32 by the aid of a driving circuit 33 and an electromagnetic solenoid 24. Further, an electric signal 34 applied to the solenoid 24 is furnished to a wave-form detector 35 as a current signal 48, in which the wave-form of a pulse signal 32 from the time of its rising is detected. The delay time of its operation is detected by a timer 36 and inputted to the control unit 30. The control unit 30 corrects the operation timing of the operation valve on the basis of the above delay time. With such an arrangement, it is enabled to obtain highly reliable and optimum engine performance under any circumstances.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for controlling the operating timing of a fuel valve or an air supply/exhaust valve that operates in synchronization with the rotation of an internal combustion engine.

DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART Conventionally, there are those illustrated in the block diagram of FIG. 1 as electrical operating devices for internal combustion engines. In this block diagram, the rotation angle signal device #L1 is attached to the rotation shaft 2 of the internal combustion engine (not shown), converts the rotation position of the rotation shaft 2 into a digital quantity, and controls the control unit 3 (7)ff microcomputer. A rotation angle signal 6 is sent to 10. On the other hand, what is the operating status of the above engine? A detecting operating variable detection device [5 is connected to the control unit 3. This operating variable detection device #: 5 is, for example, a tachometer 7
In addition to the cooling water temperature gauge 8, the F air flow meter, exhaust gas temperature gauge, supply air pressure gauge, etc. are assembled into the F configuration. is converted into an F-digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter 9 and read into the microcomputer-0. Microcomputer-0 has read-only memory 1
According to a program stored in the engine, the optimum operating timing r of the operating valves of the engine is determined from, for example, the rotational speed and the cooling water temperature. Furthermore, the above rotation angle signal 6 and the optimum operation timing? The pulse signal 12 is compared and output to the next stage drive circuit 13.
Send. The pulse signal 12 is energized by a drive circuit 13 and applied as an electric signal 14 to the electromagnetic solenoid 4. Here, the electromagnetic solenoid 4 directly or through fluid force such as oil pressure is used to operate the operating valves (not shown) of the internal combustion engine, such as fuel valves, air supply valves, exhaust valves, etc. It is designed to be driven.

The operating valve can be driven by driving the switching valve with an electromagnetic solenoid 4, thereby switching and controlling the high pressure hydraulic circuit, or in the case of a fuel valve, using fuel oil at a madder pressure to be supplied to the ril'X injection nozzle. Is it a configuration in which the road is switched and controlled using the switching valve mentioned above? There is a way to do it.

The purpose of the electric operating system for internal combustion engines described above is to reduce engine exhaust gas by 1F and fuel consumption under operating conditions that change from moment to moment depending on the engine load and surrounding conditions. improvement? Improving followability to load as time goes on? The objective is to reduce engine noise and ensure efficient engine operation. In other words, in an internal combustion engine, the fuel injection timing f and the operation timing of the supply and exhaust valves are affected by engine performance such as exhaust gas components, fuel consumption, noise, and load followability. This is the fundamental determining factor, and optimal engine performance can always be achieved by finely controlling the operating timing of the fuel valve and supply/exhaust valve according to various operating conditions.

However, in reality, the above electric signal 14 or electromagnetic solenoid 4
There is a time delay between when the electromagnetic solenoid 4 is applied and the operating valve is subsequently operated, and this time delay changes due to an uncertain factor, so the operating timing of the operating valve is Errors occur in the control of the engine, making it difficult to obtain optimal engine performance using conventional electric drive systems.

In particular, this tendency becomes more noticeable as the rotational speed of the engine increases, and it has the disadvantage that it eventually becomes a hindrance to the engine's operation.

In order to solve this drawback, another known method for electric operating devices is to provide a lift sensor for measuring the lift height of the operating valve, and use the signal from the lift sensor to detect the operating timing sound of the operating valve. Correct the sending timing of the electric signal applied to the electromagnetic solenoid 4 and operate the valve? There is a way to precisely control it. However, this method has the disadvantage that the lift sensor is not only expensive, but also prone to failure and lack of reliability due to the high temperature and large vibrations where it is installed.Furthermore, the lift sensor for the fuel valve has the disadvantage that the lift is 0. 218 to 1.01111, and the disadvantage is that it takes a lot of effort to adjust the sensor installation. have.

The present invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned problem (5) in electrical operating devices, and it detects the actuation timing of an electric operating valve by analyzing the waveform of an electrical signal applied to an electromagnetic solenoid. Control of an internal combustion engine that corrects the sending timing of an electric signal applied to a solenoid, is inexpensive and highly reliable, and does not require any effort to adjust the internal combustion engine so that optimum engine performance can always be obtained. It consists of a device that detects the entire rotation angle of the internal combustion engine, a device that sets the operating timing of the operating valve driven via the electromagnetic solenoid, and a device that detects the rotation angle of the internal combustion engine and the electromagnetic solenoid. A device that generates an electric signal sound by comparing operating timing, and an electric operating device Hc for an internal combustion engine that is operated by an electromagnetic solenoid that is activated in response to this electric signal,
A control device for an internal combustion engine, comprising a detector that analyzes the waveform of the electric signal and detects the activation timing of the electromagnetic solenoid, and corrects and sets the activation timing of the operating valve according to the output of the detector. be.

Normally, the time delay between sending an electric signal and operating the operating valve (6) consists of a delay in the operation of the electromagnetic solenoid and a delay in the operation of the operating valve. When the operating valve is operated directly by the electromagnetic solenoid, there is only a delay in the operation of the electromagnetic solenoid, and there is no delay in the operation of the operating valve. Also, is the valve operated through fluid force, that is, hydraulic pressure? When driving, by keeping the pressure of the fluid source constant, the delay in the operation of the F operation valve can be kept constant. -The delay in the operation of an electromagnetic solenoid is affected by the temperature of the coil of the electromagnetic solenoid itself and the frictional force acting on the switching valve. That is, if the ambient temperature or the pulse width of the electrical signal changes, the temperature of the coil changes, the resistance value of the coil changes, and the electrical responsiveness of the electromagnetic solenoid changes. Furthermore, the change in the frictional force affects the mechanical response. Furthermore, this frictional force and the temperature characteristics of the coil change over time. If we know that there is a delay in the operation of the electromagnetic solenoid, which is affected by ambient conditions and aging, we can correct the delay and adjust the operating valve. This makes it possible to obtain an electrical operating device for an internal combustion engine that can control the engine appropriately and in a timely manner and achieves optimal engine performance.

Embodiments of the present invention will be explained below based on drawings showing embodiments of the present invention. Fig. 2 shows the configuration of the present invention. 21 is a rotation angle detecting device, which is attached to a rotating shaft 22 of an internal combustion engine (not shown) and detects the rotational position of the rotating shaft 22. It is converted into a digital quantity and sent to the microcomputer 30 of the control unit 231'i with 26 rotation angle signals.

25 is an operating variable detection device, which includes, for example, a tachometer 27, a cooling water temperature gauge 28, and other suitable devices such as an air flow rate needle (not shown), an exhaust gas temperature gauge, and a supply air pressure gauge. This operating variable detection device [
The output signal of analog quantity 25 is converted into an F-digital quantity by an analog-to-digital converter 29 and read into a microcomputer 30. A read-only memory 31 stores programs necessary for this device.

33 is a drive circuit, and FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of this circuit configuration.
The microcomputer 30 Xpulse M
In response to No. Va32, the common emitter transistor Tri4 is connected in the switch circuit via the buffer amplifier.
5 is activated, the collector-grounded transistor Tr246 becomes conductive, and the power supply voltage +Vcc47 is applied to the electromagnetic solenoid 24, causing an electrical signal Vb34 to flow.030 is a current detection resistor with a small resistance value of less than 1 ohm. kNl, the sound of the current flowing through the electromagnetic solenoid 34 is detected. This detected current signal is passed through the amplifier amplifier 40 and transmitted to the waveform detector 35 as Vc4B.

This bumper amplifier 40 can be omitted, and other known circuits may be used for the drive circuit 33. FIG. 4a shows an embodiment of the circuit configuration of the waveform detector 35.
The device is composed of two differentiators 41a, 41b, and a waveform shaper 42.Here, F'I is a combination of signal waveforms in each part of the above device. Pulse signal Va32 sent
゜IBI is the electric signal (9) Vb34 applied to the t'ai solenoid 24, and TCI is the current signal Vc48 flowing through the 24 electromagnetic solenoids, and since the electromagnetic solenoid is an inductive load, there is a sharp rise when the above Vb34 is turned on and off. A peak voltage appears, and the current No. 18 Vc48 is delayed and the current increases, but when the electromagnetic solenoid 24 starts to attract the movable iron core that is its load, the current increases due to the back electromotive force caused by its movement. The current decreases temporarily, and when the movement of the movable iron core is completed, the current increases rapidly again. Therefore, here the pulse signal V
If the operation delay time τ5oli from the rising edge of a32 to the point a in the figure of the current signal Vc48 is measured, the electromagnetic solenoid 24
It is possible to detect delays in operation. [Dl and (E
Differentiators 41a and 41 of the waveform detector 35 for lf-j, respectively.
bO output Vdl 49, Vd250't6,! OI
F is the output of the waveform shaper 42 and is the waveform detection signal Ve51
The signal is sent to the timer 36 as a signal. The time from the rise of the pulse signal Va of the timer 36U to the rise of the waveform detection signal Ve is measured and sent to the microcomputer 30.

(lO) Fig. 4b shows an example of the circuit configuration of the slave unit 36, and the pulse signal Va32 and the waveform detection signal Ve51 are connected to the free lag block 800 cent terminal (S, shown in the figure) and the reset terminal (R, shown in the figure), respectively. It is connected through 84 differentiating circuits composed of manufactured resistors, and 84
0 is set at the rising edge of the pulse signal Va32 and reset at the rising edge of the waveform detection signal Ve51. Oscillator 81
and 7 lip-fronts 80 are connected to an AND gate 82, and the output pulses of the oscillator 81 are counted by a counter 83 only when the flip-flops 80 are centered. In addition to the AND gate 82, the counter 83 is connected to the cent terminal of Fling Flong 80 Ex, and is counted?
Before starting, counter 83 is cleared. Oscillator 81
A 7C high-precision oscillator using a crystal is used, and the microcomputer 30 reads the output Vf64a of the counter 83 before outputting the pulse M No. Va32.
The previous activation delay r of the magnetic solenoid 34 can be known.

A second embodiment 35' of the waveform detector 35 is shown in FIG.
In this example, the change in the slope of the waveform is calculated from the diode and the amplifier without using a differentiator.
1, 'fc' is used to detect the current signal VcOa point, that is, the operating timing sound of the electromagnetic solenoid 24, and the signal waveforms at various parts of FIG. 6 are shown. In FIG. 6, A152 is a bumper amplifier, and the current signal Vc48, which is the input signal, is directly connected to the next A25.
A3 is a peak holder 54, and the peak voltage is held in a capacitor C161. When the current signal Vc changes from increasing to decreasing, the diode D158 is cut off and the potential at the θ terminal of the amplifier A253 becomes large, so that the output of the amplifier A253 takes a large negative value. (See Figure 7 IBI) QA4 is a waveform shaping amplifier 55, and while the current signal Vc is small, the output of this amplifier A455 is large, so the diode D2
59 becomes conductive and the output of amplifier A356 takes the maximum positive value.

The current signal Vc48 starts to decrease and the waveform shaping amplifier A45
When the output of 5 becomes negative, the diode D259 is cut off, and the amplifier A356 and A657 output the current signal Vc of the input signal.
changes according to. This A657 is an amplifier that holds the lowest value, and that value is held in the capacitor C262.

Next, when the current signal Vc starts to increase, the diode D36
0 is cut off, and 657 to the amplifier holds its lowest value, and since the ■ terminal of the amplifier A356 becomes larger than the O terminal F, the output of the amplifier A356 takes its maximum value. Amplifier A455
When D returns to its maximum positive value, diode D259 becomes conductive again and returns to its initial state. The waveform detection signal Ve51 can be obtained via the output capacitor 0363' of the amplifier A356. Although it is not shown in the figure, at an appropriate time, the potential of the F capacitor C262 was detected in the swift. Discharge and return to 0-volt.

As a third embodiment of the waveform detector 15, the current signal Vc 481 shown in FIG. It does not work even if the activation delay time τsol f is detected.

The procedure for this numerical analysis is shown in the flow diagram of FIG.

Here, the microcomputer 30 generates a pulse signal Va32.
When outputting to π, a current signal Ve 48k is read at a step of 100Vc. The sample pinch jj for reading and the number N of read data are determined in advance, and may be set as, for example, jtilOμ flag and Ni200. Next, in step 101, f'LK? Calculate. For example, the calculation formula is fI'=11fK+4-560fK+3+1
14・fK+2−104@fK+1+35@fK・(υ
OfK using is the kIIth sample value.

To calculate f'', the following equation may be used instead of the above equation (2).

to f' = -fK+2+16fK+, -50fK+16'
fK-1-fK-2...(2) In step 102, it is compared with a predetermined constant M, and if the value of 3 f# calculated above is smaller than this M, the step is increased by kkl. Return to 101 and f#K is M
If f is larger, the sample (14) at this time is the value fK at point a in Figure 5 [C1, so step 104
Calculate the activation delay time τsol k. a formula%
Equation % (3) This calculation of τsol may be carried out using the flowchart shown in FIG. Is Figure 9 the minimum value after the maximum value? This is a flow for detecting the F operation delay time τsol'i.

Immediately after the microcomputer 30 outputs the pulse signal Va32, it is read into the current signal Vc48 in step 100. Similarly to Figure 8, the second sample value? It is set as fK.

In step 106, the previous sandal value fK-1 and the current value fK are compared, and if the previous value fK-1 is smaller, k
The number is increased by kl and the process returns to step 106. If the previous sample value fK-1 is equal to or greater than the current value fK, then the value of fK at that time is the maximum value.

Maximum value at steps 106 and 107? If detected, steps 108 and 109 search for the minimum value.

That is, if the previous sample value fK-1 rotates around the current value rKiT, the sample value fK at that time is 2 points Fe as shown in FIG. do.

The type of electromagnetic solenoid 24 is the current signal VC48.
may be different. That is, (A) and [B
In an electromagnetic solenoid having a waveform characteristic as shown in the tR1 diagram, the rate of change of the waveform does not become negative during the rising process of the current. Application of the circuit shown in the figure Operation delay time τs according to the flow shown in Fig. 10 shown in the third embodiment
ol Cannot be used as a claimable circuit or formula.

In the electric operating system of an internal combustion engine that uses an electromagnetic solenoid to operate the operating valve, there is a so-called double solenoid that uses an electromagnetic solenoid to both open and close the operating valve. There is a so-called single solenoid that uses a spring or other anti-chip device on the other side. FIG. 11 shows an example of how to operate an exhaust valve using a double solenoid, and shows an example of the 1t@valve 70 in the 12th example.
As shown in the figure. In this example, the open electromagnetic solenoid 72
When the alc electric signal is applied, the exhaust valve 71 closes,
Opening electromagnetic solenoid? When an electric signal is applied to 2b, it opens and closes.

Since the open electromagnetic solenoids are energized by the drive circuits on each side, the drive circuit 33 in the embodiment of FIG.

Waveform detector 35. Are there two sets of clocks 36, one for opening and one for opening?
In addition, the F exhaust valve can accurately detect delays in the operation of the electromagnetic solenoid when opening and closing. Moreover, this may be an air supply valve or a fuel injection valve instead of an exhaust valve.

As described above, the tR,~9 waveform of the electric signal Vb34 is transmitted to the waveform detector 3 directly or via the bumper amplifier 40L.
5, where the timer 36 receives the pulse signal Va32.
and the waveform detection signal Ve51 which is the output signal of the waveform detector 35, and the microcomputer 30
The operation delay signal Vf64 is transmitted. The microcomputer 30 calculates the optimum operating timing eoptktt using a known method based on the signal from the operating variable detection device 125.
lk read, F-pulse signal Va32 is calculated by the following formula (4).
Is the release date OP? Calculated and when the rotation angle signal 26 matches θp, the pulse signal Va32 is sent. θp=θopt-6n(rsol+rv) a*+m+
e*(4) where n; engine speed (rotations/per minute)
τV: Actuation delay of the operating valve (seconds) Here, the actuation delay τV of the operating valve shall be stored in the read-only memory 11 in advance, and the actuation delay signal vfO several cycles is set as the electromagnetic solenoid actuation delay τsol. The moving average t is very difficult.

An example of how to operate the exhaust valve 73 using a single solenoid is shown in FIG. In this method, the exhaust valve 71 closes when an electric signal is applied to the electromagnetic solenoid 74, and opens when the electric signal disappears. The waveforms of the pulse signal Va32 and current signal V6 in this case are shown in FIG. . Current when the electromagnetic solenoid 74 is demagnetized (1
8) Since the waveform v6 has a response opposite to that when it is excited, the time between the rise of the pulse signal Va32 and the point b of the current signal v becomes the response delay of the t magnetic needle when the exhaust valve opens.

The delay in actuation of the mat solenoid when closing the exhaust valve can be detected using the method described above. The delay in the operation of the electromagnetic solenoid when the exhaust valve opens can be determined by subtracting the current signal V from a large constant 11N using an operational amplifier, and the method described above can be used as is.

As described above, the present invention analyzes the waveform of the electric signal applied to the TI solenoid, detects its activation timing, detects the activation delay of the electromagnetic solenoid that changes due to ambient conditions and aging, and corrects the activation timing setting of the operating valve. This is an extremely inexpensive, highly reliable, and easy-to-install device.
lik is provided.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a conventional operating device;
The figure is a block diagram of an embodiment of the driving device of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a circuit configuration diagram of a drive circuit embodiment of the device of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 4B is a circuit diagram of a waveform detector embodiment of the device of the present invention, FIG. FIG. 6 is a circuit configuration diagram of a second embodiment of the waveform detector of the device of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a signal waveform diagram of each part of the device of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a diagram of the waveform detector of the present invention. Analysis procedure flow diagram of the third embodiment, FIG. 9 is a 70-diagram of the application example of FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is an operating current waveform diagram of an electromagnetic solenoid, and FIGS. 11 and 13 are examples of exhaust valve operation. 12 is an exemplary sectional view of the electromagnetic valve, and FIG. 14 is an operating current waveform diagram of the electromagnetic solenoid shown in FIG. 13. 21... N rotation angle detection device 22... Rotating shaft 23.
...Control unit 24...Electromagnetic solenoid 25...
- Operating variable detection device t 26...Rotation angle signal 29
... Analog-digital converter 30 ... Microcomputer 31 ... Read-only memory 82,
34.4B, l.・50, 51, 64...Signal 33...Drive U path 3
5, 35'... Waveform detector 36... Clock 40
...Pamper amplifier 41a, 41b...Differentiator 4
2... Waveform shaper 52 to 57... Amplifier 58 to 60... Diode 61 to 63... Capacitor 10.73... Solenoid valve 71... Engine exhaust 9F
'72a,? 2b174...-Electromagnetic solenoid applicant Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. (21) Figure 9 Figure 8 286- Visceral side Figure 13 Figure 14 Procedural amendment (voluntary) 1. Indication of the case 1982 patent Applicable No. 145454 No. 3, Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant 4, Agent 103 8, Contents of the amendment

Claims (1)

[Claims] (υ A preset engine operation valve operating program,
The operating timing of the F engine operating valve is calculated using the signal from the device F that detects operating variables and the signal from the device F that detects the rotation angle of the engine, and this output is used as an electric signal to activate the above operating valve via an electromagnetic solenoid. An electrical operating device for an engine to be operated includes a waveform detector that analyzes the waveform of the electrical signal, and a timer that detects the timing of operation of the solenoid valve from the output of the detector, and includes an output signal of the clock. A control device for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that the operating timing of an F engine operation valve is corrected and set. (2) Waveform analysis of electrical signals composed of amplifiers, diodes, capacitors, and resistors? 2. A control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, comprising a waveform detector for controlling a waveform. (3) A control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, comprising a waveform detector configured with two sets of differential circuits and a waveform shaping circuit F to perform waveform analysis of electrical signals.