JPS603579B2 - earthen law - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for preventing landslides on river banks, bridges, roads, developed areas, etc.

Traditionally, on river banks, etc., slopes were simply covered with blocks, etc. to stop the slope, and in many cases the roots of plants such as grass and trees were not used, which resulted in the destruction of nature. At the same time, the environment deteriorates, leading to landslides and flooding.

Therefore, in order to eliminate the above problem, various developments have been attempted, and one of the methods is
As described in the publication, there is a method (hereinafter referred to as the first subsidiary example) in which reinforcing panels (lattice frames in the publication) formed by combining elongated flat plates in a lattice shape are stacked and buried in the embankment layer. However, as another method, as described in Tokukan Sho 53-13210 Publication, reinforcing panels formed by intersecting iron bars in a lattice shape (lattice-shaped reinforcing bars in the publication) are placed in the embankment layer to a predetermined thickness. As described in the method of stacking with soil layers interposed (hereinafter referred to as the second conventional example), or the second example of the same publication,
A method (hereinafter referred to as the third conventional example) is disclosed in which a flat steel plate having a large number of through holes is laid in an embankment layer with a soil layer interposed therebetween.

However, these methods have the following problems.

In other words, the reinforcing panel (lattice frame) of the first conventional example is formed by combining thin flat plates in a lattice shape to form a large number of square-shaped frames. There is almost no resistance to it.

Therefore, when a tonosho is placed on top of this panel, the panel easily digs into the soil and gradually descends. As a result, this panel becomes unstable because its position within the embankment layer is not properly fixed, and as a result, the embankment layer is not securely fixed, which may cause it to slide sideways or cause cracks. This can lead directly to collapse. In addition, as mentioned above, the panel of the first conventional example has no resistance in the vertical direction, so when upward force is applied to the ground due to earthquakes or other ground movement, the panel cannot hold down the member. , Soil is pushed up through the panels, resulting in voids and cracks in the embankment layer, causing uplift failure. The panel of this first conventional example has a particular problem when the ground (embankment) is soft, and even if this panel is installed, hardly any anti-corrosion effect can be expected. Therefore, in the first conventional example, granulated blast furnace slag is used as the embankment material to harden the embankment layer, and the areas where the panels are laid (
On the slope (slope surface), filler material made by mixing granulated blast furnace slag with an alkaline stimulant is filled into the squares of the panel, and the embankment layer in the area is hardened and solidified. In this way, the first conventional example achieves its effect only by using a special material as the embankment material. In addition, if the reinforcing panels (lattice frame) of the first conventional example are directly stacked and buried in the Morishi layer, each panel is supported by the lower panel, so the above-mentioned lowering of the panel It seems that the problem caused by this can be solved for the time being (however, in practice, the problem remains), but in this case, the following other problem arises.

That is, when panels are stacked directly, square pipe-shaped partitions are formed in the embankment layer as many as the number of squares, with the surrounding frame of each square of the panels serving as a partition wall, and which extend only in the vertical direction. As described above, each square pipe-shaped chamber allows water to flow only in the vertical direction, and is an independent chamber separated by walls around the periphery, so rainwater collects in each chamber of the panel. Since this accumulated rainwater has no escape route, the interior of the room gradually swells up, and when it reaches a permissible limit, the rainwater rushes out in search of weak spots in the ground, which usually leads directly to landslides. Next, in the second conventional example, the reinforcement panel (grid reinforcing bar)
The purpose of this panel is to apply earth pressure within the space formed by the mesh (latticework) of the earth to reinforce the embankment layer and prevent horizontal movement of the soil layer. Since they are formed together, there is little resistance in the vertical direction (although it is greater than that of the first conventional example).
Therefore, when earth pressure is applied to the panel, the panel digs into the soil and gradually descends, making the panel unstable within the embankment layer.As a result, in the case of the first conventional example described above, A similar problem arises. Also, the second
Spaces (lattice or mesh) formed in conventional panels
The thickness (height from the lower surface of the horizontal panel to the upper surface of the vertical bar) is thin, and therefore, the soil of the embankment that enters this space due to the tonosho is thin. The thin soil inside this space is held down by the lattice mechanism and the sides of the vertical bars, reinforcing the embankment, but only the part where this soil sho (pressure entering the space) is applied is Therefore, in the second conventional example, the embankment layer is unstable as in the first conventional example, and as a result, the dust that slides sideways and collapses. There is. In this way, it is impossible to expect that the embankment layer will be firmly and stably fixed simply by laying multiple layers of reinforcing panels formed by combining iron bars in a lattice shape within the embankment layer. However, when using panels made of lattice-shaped reinforcing bars like the second conventional example, a water-permeable sheet or the like is laid on top of each panel, and earth pressure is applied to this sheet to make the soil into a sheet. Insert the pieces into the space in a wedge shape, as if driving stakes into each space (lattice) of the panel, and insert these stakes (sheets and holes) into the horizontal and vertical bars of the panel. The embankment layer cannot be strongly reinforced unless other means are added to the method of the second conventional example, such as holding it in place, and this synergistic effect is used. Next, the third conventional example has the following problems. That is, the third
In conventional examples, reinforcing panels are made of a flat steel plate with many through holes, so the thickness of the spaces (through holes) formed in this panel is extremely thin.
Therefore, due to the tonosho, the soil of the embankment that cuts into this space becomes extremely thin. Since the part of the embankment in this space is held in place by the surrounding greenery of the hole in the panel, and the embankment is reinforced, it is difficult to prevent the soil layer from sliding sideways with this tonosho alone. As a result, there is a risk of the wisteria slipping and collapsing. Also, like this third subordinate example,
When a flat iron plate with many perforations is used as a reinforcing panel, the amount of rainwater that permeates downward through the perforations in this panel is extremely small, and the rainwater is blocked by the upper panels in the embankment layer. As a large amount of water flows out onto the slope through the panels, the earth and sand are also washed away. Therefore, landslides will occur and collapse will occur. The present invention has focused on the above, and aims to provide a dowel method that can eliminate all the problems of the above-mentioned subordinate method. The panels are assembled and fixed together using reinforcing panels, and these panels are directly stacked on top of each other within the embankment layer, or stacked and buried in several layers with ± layers interposed between each panel, and are buried in a T-shape within the embankment layer. This is achieved by the synergistic effect of the horizontal and vertical pieces of the angle pieces and the spaces (grids) formed by the T-shaped angle pieces.

According to the above, the thickness of the space (lattice) formed in the reinforcing panel is quite deep (distance from the upper edge of the vertical piece of the upper angle material to the lower edge of the vertical piece of the lower angle material) ), and therefore the soil of the embankment that enters this space becomes thicker. Of the tonosho that hangs on the panel, the horizontal piece of the T-shaped angle material acts as a resistor in the vertical direction, and the vertical piece of the T-shaped angle material acts as a resistor against the tonosho in the horizontal direction. Since the panel is received by the panel, its installation position is oriented within the embankment layer without being lowered, and the embankment layer and reinforcing panel are integrated, thereby firmly reinforcing the embankment layer. Also, unlike the first conventional example, in the present invention, the space formed in the panel is also suitable for the horizontal direction, so rainwater gradually flows along the vertical piece of the angle material due to capillary action. At the same time, along the horizontal piece of the angle material, it gradually flows laterally due to capillary action and flows out onto the slope. As described above, according to the present invention, since it is possible to firmly and stably fix the shoji layer, it is possible to reliably prevent the shoji layer from collapsing, thereby achieving the intended purpose of the present invention. can.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail based on illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which reinforcing panels are directly stacked on top of each other.

That is, a large number of reinforcing panels a are prepared by combining and fixing T-shaped angle members 1 and 2 back to back in a lattice pattern, and these panels a are directly stacked and buried in the embankment layer b. It is something to do. And T-shaped angle material 1
, 2 are made of metal such as iron or stainless steel, or wood, etc. The T-shaped angle members 1 and 2 are assembled back-to-back in a grid pattern as shown in detail in FIG. By fixing appropriate parts, the reinforcing panel a is constructed.
In this case, if necessary, the vertical pieces la, 2a and the horizontal pieces lb, 2b (see Figure 5) of the T-shaped angle members 1, 2 are reinforced with reinforcing materials such as One piece,
Make sure that 2a does not break. Therefore, in the construction of the earthwork method of the above embodiment, for example, in the case of a river bank or a road, the area to be earthworked is removed by a predetermined depth to level the land, and then this flat land is While directly stacking panels a as shown in the second diagram, add (fill) the filler material one by one.
Then, as shown in the first figure, panel a is buried in the embankment layer b, and a bank or the like of a desired height is constructed.

According to the earthwork method of the above embodiment, the lowest panel a supports the heavy pressure with the horizontal pieces lb and 2b of the angle members 1 and 2 serving as resistors, and each panel a on the upper side supports the lower panel. a
The angle members 1 and 2 of each panel a
Since the horizontal pieces lb and 2b act as resistors and can support the heavy pressure, the panel layer does not fall down and its laying position is stably positioned within the embankment layer. The thickness of the space (lattice) is quite deep (from the upper edge of the vertical piece la of the upper angle member 1 to the lower angle member 2).
(distance to the lower edge of the vertical piece 2a), and therefore the soil of the embankment that enters this space becomes thick.

The vertical pieces la and 2a of the T-shaped angle members 1 and 2 act as resistance supports to receive the lateral pressure applied to each panel a, so that the solid layer b and the reinforcing panel layer are integrated. to strengthen the embankment layer. Rainwater gradually flows downward along the vertical pieces la and 2a of each angle member 1 and 2 due to capillary action, and at the same time, the spaces (grids) formed in each panel a flow horizontally. Since the lotus also passes through the lotus (see Figure 2), rainwater is collected from each angle member 1.
, 2, it gradually flows laterally slowly due to capillary action and flows down to the slope.

If the panels are stacked directly on top of each other as in the above example, it will be as strong as building reinforcing steel, so the slope angle can be 90 degrees, that is, it can be formed even on a vertical wall. It is possible to increase the usable area.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, reinforcing panels a and soil layers are arranged alternately, that is, with a soil layer of a predetermined thickness interposed between each panel a, Panels a are stacked and buried in embankment layer b.

The reinforcing panel a of this embodiment is also made of T-shaped angle members 1 and 2 which are placed back to back and are combined and fixed in a lattice pattern, just as in the first embodiment.

Therefore, in the construction of the earthwork method of this embodiment, for example, in the case of construction work or roads, the area to be earthworked is removed by a predetermined depth and leveled, and then the level ground is , Mazu,
Embankment material such as earth and sand is laid down to a predetermined height, for example, 20 to 30 cm, and a reinforcing panel a is laid on the upper surface of this to apply a pressing force, and the vertical piece 2a (fifth (see figure) is buried in the embankment.

Next, embankment material is placed on the panel a to a predetermined height. As a result, panel a and each space in panel a are filled with embankment material. Thereafter, the above-mentioned work steps are repeated to construct an embankment layer of a predetermined height. According to this embodiment, the horizontal pieces lb and 2b of the T-shaped angle members 1 and 2 in the vertical direction of the roof hanging on each panel a, and
Since the vertical pieces la and 2a of the T-shaped angle members 1.2 act as resistors against the lateral tonosho, each panel a does not fall and its laying position is stable within the embankment layer b. At the same time, the embankment is firmly held, and therefore the embankment layer and each reinforcing panel a are integrated, and the embankment layer b is strongly reinforced.

Then, the rainwater flows along the vertical pieces la and 2a of the angle members 1 and 2 of the upper layer panel a, and gradually flows down to the lower layer panel a side by capillary action, and at the same time, the rainwater flows down to the lower layer panel a side, and at the same time, Along horizontal pieces lb and 2b of No. 2, the water gradually flows laterally due to capillary action and flows down to the slope.

Therefore, in the method of this embodiment, the panels a are not directly stacked, but a layer of soil of a predetermined thickness is interposed between each panel a, so the method is more robust than the first embodiment. It's a little weaker in some respects.

Therefore, in the case of shoring using the construction method of this embodiment, the slope angle of the slope is limited to about 70 degrees, and it is better not to form a steeper slope than that. Suitable for banks where it is easy to grow. The present invention is to stack and bury reinforcing panels formed by combining and fixing T-shaped angle members back to back in a lattice shape in an embankment layer as described above, and according to the method of the present invention, The main effects are as follows. Construction is simple and quick, and only T-shaped angle members are used, so fewer parts are needed.

{Low In the embankment layer, the horizontal pieces l of T-shaped angle members 1 and 2 are
Since panels b and 2b act as resistors and receive the support, the panel a can be firmly positioned within the embankment layer without descending. The thickness of the space (lattice) formed in each reinforcing panel a is quite deep (from the upper edge of the vertical piece la of the upper angle member 1 to the lower edge of the vertical piece 2a of the lower angle member 2). As a result, the soil of the Morishi that fills this spatial metropolitan area becomes thicker.

Therefore, the vertical pieces la and 2a of the T-shaped angle members 1 and 2 act as resistors to support the horizontal earthen wall that hangs over each panel a, and support the medium-thick soil layer. The embankment layer is integrated with the panel a, and the embankment layer is strongly reinforced. Therefore, this action and the above-mentioned low action are compatible with each other, and it is possible to reliably prevent the embankment layer from slipping. 6. Even if upward force is applied to the ground due to ground movement such as an earthquake, the horizontal pieces 1b, 2b of the angle members 1, 2 act as resistors and hold it down, so uplifting failure can be prevented.

{Mura Rainwater is absorbed (stayed) at each panel a part.
and gradually and slowly seep downward and laterally along the vertical pieces la, 2a and horizontal pieces lb, 2b of the angle timbers 1 and 2 due to capillary action, so each panel a acts as a tree, and therefore It can prevent the washing away of earth and sand and landslides.

N Plants will grow on the slope in a few years, and the roots of these plants will penetrate deep into the space of panel a and become entangled, so that even if the panel corrodes in the future, the roots of the plants will not act as a foundation. As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an earthen construction method that conforms to the laws of nature without destroying the natural world or harming the environment.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the stop method according to the present invention.
The figure is a longitudinal side view, Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the stacked reinforcing panels shown in the embodiment of Figure 1, and Figure 3 is an enlarged view of a part of the reinforcing panel used in the invention restraint method. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention's fixing method, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the action of the vertical piece and horizontal piece of the T-shaped angle member of the reinforcing panel. a... Reinforcement panel, b... Embankment layer, 1, 2
...T-shaped angle material, la, 2a... vertical piece, lb, 2b... horizontal piece, 3... bolt nut. Younger brother Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 15

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An earthwork method characterized by stacking and burying reinforcing panels made by combining and fixing T-shaped angle members back to back in a lattice pattern in an embankment layer. 2. The earthwork method according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing panels are formed by directly stacking each reinforcing panel on top of another. 3. This method is characterized in that the reinforcing panels are stacked with a layer of soil interposed between each reinforcing panel.