JPS6031764Y2 - Separation device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention is a novel separation device for separating components in liquid or gas.

Separation devices incorporating porous hollow fiber membranes with micropores communicating inside and outside the hollow fiber walls are well known, and the membrane materials include cellulose, cellulose acetate,
polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride,
The use of polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, polysulfone, polyvinyl alcohol, etc. has been proposed, and some have been put into practical use for desalination, which removes salt from seawater, and for artificial kidneys, which dialyze blood.

The present inventors have proposed a method for removing ducts in gases, separating components in liquids, especially body fluids, separating blood cells, which are formed components in body fluids, from plasma, which is a liquid component, or further separating plasma into albumin, globulin, etc. While conducting various studies on blood and body fluid separation devices from a completely new perspective, the inventors discovered that the purpose could be achieved by a separation device incorporating polyethylene hollow fibers having a novel membrane structure, and arrived at the present invention.

That is, the gist of the present invention is that the hollow fiber has a laminated structure in which micropores are interconnected from the inner wall surface to the outer wall surface of the hollow fiber,
The micropores are characterized by the following structure, and the porosity is 30.
A liquid or gas separation device incorporating porous polyethylene hollow fibers of ~9Qvo1%.

(1) It is a rectangular micropore formed by microfibrils arranged in the fiber length direction and nodules connected at almost right angles to the microfibrils. (2) The average thickness of the microfibrils is dM). and the average length IM) are dM = 0.02 to 0.3 μ mM = 0.1 to 6.0 μ, and (3) the average length 1k) of the nodule in the fiber length direction is 1. = 0.1 to 6.0μ, (4) The average width (dV) and average length of the strip-shaped micropores (1) are dV/dM = 0.3 to 5] V/dV = 3-50 (7) There is a relationship (5)
The average pore diameter of micropores measured with a mercury porosimeter is 0.
．． It is 1 to 2μ.

The schematic diagram of the polyethylene hollow fiber constituting the present invention is shown in Figure 1, where 1 is a microfibril;
2 is a joint part connected almost perpendicularly to the microfibrils in 1, 3 is a strip-shaped micro-pore tear, and the strip-shaped micro-pores composed of microfibrils and nodules are laminated via each nodule part. It has a structure.

4 represents a microfibril aggregate.

The laminated structure of micropores can be said to be constructed by laminating in the fiber length direction in one plane through nodules, and at the same time, planes with such a structure are stacked in the thickness direction of the hollow fiber wall membrane. It is.

Such polyethylene hollow fibers can be manufactured, for example, by the following method.

135 to 21 starting from essentially unbranched high density polyethylene having a melt intex of 1 to 15 and a density of 0.955 or higher, preferably 0.96 or higher.
Melt spinning is carried out in the range of 00 to 10,000 spinning troughs using a hollow fiber manufacturing nozzle in a temperature range of 5°C, and then 40
5-200% cold stretching at a temperature below °C, then 4
Hot stretching is carried out in one stage or in multiple stages in a temperature range of 0 to 130°C, and the total stretching amount of cold stretching and hot stretching is 5.
The range is 0-900%, then 10% as necessary.
It is manufactured by heat setting in a temperature range of 0 to 125°C.

Hollow fiber membranes manufactured by melt-forming polyethylene alone without the use of solvents, plasticizers, etc. are particularly important in the separation of blood and body fluid components because there is no contamination of foreign matter from the membrane material into the processing liquid. It can be said to be a highly reliable membrane material in terms of safety and hygiene.

Furthermore, the porous structure is a strip-shaped three-dimensional structure as described above, and has an excellent feature that decreases in separation performance due to clogging are less likely to occur.

FIG. 2 shows a specific example of the separator of the present invention, in which 5 is the outer cylinder of the separator of the present invention, 6 is the side pipe, 7 is the outer lid,
8 is a ring, 9 is an adhesive, and 10 is a polyethylene hollow fiber.

For the outer tube and side tube, transparent resin is preferable from the operational point of view, and polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer (AS resin), polymethyl methacrylate, etc. are preferable, and polycarbonate and AS resin are particularly preferable from the viewpoint of impact resistance.

The outer lid is made of resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene, and the ring is made of silicone, rubber, etc. to have a certain degree of elasticity.

It is preferable to use polyurethane as the adhesive because of its curing speed and safety.

The number of hollow fibers to be incorporated is determined by the volume of the separation device and the outer diameter of the hollow fibers, but for example, if the outer diameter of the hollow fibers is 400 μ, the length of the outer cylinder is 20 cm, and the diameter of the outer cylinder is 5 crrL, the number of hollow fibers to be incorporated is approximately 6000 to 8000 hollow fibers are filled.

When using the separation device of the present invention as a membrane for blood plasma separation, first pass ethanol into the device, make the surface of the hollow fibers hydrophilic with ethanol, and then drain the blood through the opening of the outer lid or the side tube. Liquid is passed inside or outside the thread to separate solid components and liquid components through micropores in the membrane.

The obtained liquid component is kept at a low temperature, for example, 2 to 6 degrees Celsius, so that the precipitate becomes raw, which is removed and the supernatant liquid is combined with the previously separated solid components and returned to the body. is also possible, and the separation apparatus of the present invention can also be used for this separation.

As mentioned above, the separation device of the present invention uses a membrane material with a completely new structure that has not been previously known, so it is highly reliable in terms of safety and hygiene, and has the excellent characteristics of being resistant to a decrease in separation performance. It is.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the membrane structure of polyethylene hollow fibers used in the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a separation device showing an example of the present invention. 1...Microfibrils, 2...Nodules, 3...Strip-shaped micropores, 4...Microfibril aggregates, 5...・Outer cylinder, 6...
... Side pipe, 7 ... Outer lid, 8 ... Ring, 9 ... Adhesive, 10 ... Hollow fiber.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] 1. The fiber has a laminated structure in which micropores are interconnected from the inner wall surface to the outer wall surface of the hollow fiber, and the micropores are characterized by the following structure and have a porosity of 30 to 30. A separation device incorporating 9Qvo1% porous polyethylene hollow fibers. (1) It is a rectangular micropore formed by microfibrils arranged in the fiber length direction and nodules connected at almost right angles to the microfibrils. (2) The average thickness of the microfibrils is dM). and the average length IM) are dM = 0.02 to 0.3μ, 1M = 0.1 to 6.0μ, and (3) the average length of the knot in the fiber length direction is 1k.
) is 1 = 1.1 to 6.0μ, and (4) the average width (7■) and average length 1) of the strip-shaped micropores are dV/dM = 0.3 to 5IV. /dV=3
-50, and (5) the average pore diameter of micropores measured with a mercury porosimeter is 0.1 to 2μ. 2. Separation according to claim 1 of the utility model registration claim, in which a separation device incorporating hollow fibers has hollow fibers arranged in an outer cylinder having a side pipe, both ends fixed with adhesive, and an outer lid attached. Device. 3. The separation device according to claim 1, which separates components in a gas or a liquid. 4. The separation device according to claim 3, wherein the liquid is a body fluid. 5. The separation device according to claim 4, wherein the body fluid is blood. 6. The separation device according to claim 5, which separates blood into a formed component and a liquid component.