JPS602583B2 - absorption cold water machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an absorption chiller/heater using an absorption cycle.

Conventionally, this type of absorption chiller/heater has many concrete examples of energy savings in the cooling cycle, but this model, which is used year-round for air conditioning and heating, has not been able to save energy only during cooling.

Traditionally, energy saving measures for heating cycles include: ■ Improving the combustion efficiency of the generator. ■ A heat exchanger is installed in the exhaust gas route to exchange exhaust gas and hot water.

■ The outside air introduced into the air conditioning system is heated through a heat recovery device installed in the exhaust gas path, increasing the temperature at the heating coil inlet to achieve total energy savings.

There was such a thing.

However, the drawback of the above method is (1) The thermal efficiency of the generator is already close to the upper limit, and the efficiency of the existing machine is close to 90%.

Even if we can somehow hope for a 1-2% increase in efficiency due to combustion technology, we have no choice but to conclude that it is impossible to increase the efficiency further. ■
Normally, the hot water used for heating is 50oo or more, and even when using an exhaust gas to overflow heat exchanger, the outlet hot water is 50oo or more.
I want more than qo.

For this purpose, it is necessary to provide a large heat exchanger because the average temperature difference with the exhaust gas is small, which increases costs and is difficult to implement. ■ In the method of heating outside air via exhaust gas and a heat recovery device, impurities C○, N○x to S○× in the exhaust gas
There is a danger that the air conditioner may enter the air-conditioned room, making it unsuitable for pleasurable air conditioning for humans.

The present invention aims to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks. When using high-temperature combustion gas from the fuel as a heating source for the generator, it is installed in the exhaust gas path and the cold soot in the evaporator is twisted by the water that has risen through the heat exchanger, thereby converting the heat of the exhaust gas into a refrigerant. When high-temperature water is used as a heating source by replacing it with latent heat from evaporation, the sensible heat of the high-temperature water is transferred to cold soot in the form of latent heat by passing the high-temperature water through the evaporator, thereby saving energy. It has the feature that it can be used at a relatively low temperature level and is unrelated to impurities in the exhaust gas.

The main point of the present invention is that during the heating cycle operation of the absorption cooling/flooding machine, water passing through a heat exchanger installed in the exhaust gas path is allowed to flow to the evaporator, or high-temperature water is allowed to flow directly to the evaporator. By accelerating the evaporation of cold soot and absorbing this medium vapor into the absorbing solution in the absorber, an additional amount of heat is generated by the amount of heat absorbed by the cold soak, compared to conventional methods where only the sensible heat of the absorbing solution was used. can be given to the absorbent water heater.

It is also important to detect that the cold soot surface rises and falls depending on the amount of refrigerant generated in the evaporator, and to control the amount of soot liquid that returns to the evaporator based on a preset lower limit level. The present invention provides an absorption chiller/heater that is equipped with a generator, an evaporator, an absorber, a condenser, and a heat exchanger, and is capable of cooling or heating in one unit. This is an absorption cold overflow machine characterized in that a heat transfer fluid imparted with a heat transfer fluid is introduced into a heating fluid path of the evaporator.

The basic function of the present invention is that in a device that uses combustion gas or exhaust gas as a heating source, the temperature of water passing through the heat exchanger installed at the generator outlet increases ↓ By passing water to the evaporator, soot is removed. Evaporation ↓ Donation of absorbed heat to hot water by absorption of refrigerant in absorber ↓ This is an increase in the temperature of hot water for heating, and in systems that use high-temperature water as a heating source, cooling is achieved by passing high-temperature water to the evaporator. ↓ Transfer of heat absorbed by refrigerant absorption in the absorber to hot water ↓ This is an increase in the temperature of hot water for heating.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments and drawings.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, 1 is a first generator equipped with a device for directly burning fuel, 2 is a heat exchanger installed in the exhaust gas path, and 3 is an absorber. The solution pump passes through the second heat exchanger (5), the first heat exchanger (6), and then the first heat exchanger.
sent to the generator. The concentrated solution in the first generator is
Via the heat exchanger, it returns to the second generator 7, while the overflowing cold soot vapor generated in the first generator 1 passes through line 8 to further heat the solution in the second generator 7. The refrigerant drain enters the condenser 9 and returns to the evaporator 11 through the valve 10 together with the steam generated in the second generator 7 . 12 is a cold soot pump for cold spray.

Reference numeral 13 detects the cold soot liquid level, and the valve 10 is controlled by this signal.

Reference numeral 14 denotes a cold soot low level detection end, which is used to prevent the refrigerant pump 12 from running dry.

15 is a cooling water and hot water pump, 16 is a hot water pump that communicates with the cold water and exhaust gas heat exchanger, and 17 is a hot water (heating) outlet temperature detection terminal. 18.

Reference numeral 19 is a valve installed in a line for returning soot from the condenser outlet to the second generator.

Valve 201 is a stop valve that opens fully during the cooling cycle, and is provided in a piping route connected to an air conditioner or the like. The valve 21 is fully opened during the cooling cycle and is provided in a path connected to a cooling tower or the like. Valve 22 is fully open during the heating cycle. The valve 23 is also fully opened during the heating cycle and is provided in a path connected to the hot water heat exchanger and the like. The working area of the absorption chiller/heater of this embodiment during the heating cycle will be described below.

A solution (e.g. lithium bromide aqueous solution) heated by combustion gas in the first generator 1 generates cold soot vapor and is concentrated. It is exchanged, the temperature is lowered, and it is sent to the second generator 7.

Here, it is heated again by the refrigerant vapor from the first generator 1 to generate the remaining cold soot, and the solution is further concentrated and then misted into the absorber 3 via the second heat exchanger 5. The cold soot vapor generated in the second generator 7 heats and condenses the hot water passing through the condenser 9, and then is led to the second generator 7 through a valve 19. At this time, part or all of the refrigerant condensed in the condenser and the cooled soot liquid sent to the condenser after heating the solution in the second generator 7 returns to the evaporator via the control valve 10. The solution returned to the absorber 3 uses this sensible heat and the latent heat of absorption when it absorbs the cold soot vapor returned to the evaporator 11 to heat overflow water for heating passing through the absorber. On the other hand, water passing through the heat exchanger 2 installed in the exhaust gas path exchanges heat with the exhaust gas and its temperature rises, but this water is guided as a heat transfer fluid to the evaporator 11 via the valve 22, and the cold soot liquid is heated. is cooled and circulated to the heat exchanger 2 again.

The cold soot that is heated by the hot water in the evaporator and becomes steam is condensed in the adjacent absorber 3 and gives heat to the hot water for heating. As described above, by obtaining hot water with a relatively low temperature level through the heat exchanger 2, the cold butterfly in the evaporator is heated and evaporated, giving latent heat to the overflowing water passing through the absorber, and the heating cycle completes.

When the combustion control valve 18 is controlled depending on the size of the heating load, the amount of heat exchanged in the heat exchanger 2 naturally changes, and as a result, the amount of heat exchanged in the evaporator 1 changes.
The amount of refrigerant evaporation within 1 changes.

The knee surface detector 13 and the control valve 10' are designed for this purpose, and have the function of returning only the amount of evaporated cold soot from the condenser 9 to the evaporator 11 via the valve 10. 1st generator 1
An embodiment of an absorption chiller/heater using high temperature water passing through a high temperature water pipe 24 as a heating source is shown in FIG. In this case, the high-temperature water coming out of the first generator 1 is directly guided to the evaporator 11, and the head heat of the high-temperature water is increased in the form of the evaporation heat of the refrigerant plus the heat of mixing, which gives heat to the hot water. As is clear from the figure, the same effect occurs even before the high-temperature water enters the first generator 1 and in the parallel flow.In both embodiments FIG. 1 and FIG. Although the water is flowing in series with the heat exchanger 2, there is no difference in the effect even if the water is passed in parallel with each other or separately.In addition, in Fig. 1, the insertion position of the heat exchanger 2 is in the generator exhaust gas path. There is no need to specify a particular position as long as it is inside.It may be 2' as shown by the dotted line in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows an example in which high-temperature gas guided by high-temperature gas pipe 25 is used instead of combustion gas. An example is shown below.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the amount of heat required for heating is reduced by effectively utilizing the amount of heat contained in the exhaust gas or high-temperature water of the generator of the absorption chiller/heater at a low temperature level. In addition, by controlling the amount of cold soot returned to the condenser by the evaporator liquid level detection mechanism, a continuous and stable heating cycle can be easily performed, allowing heat exchange in the exhaust gas (when combustion gas is used as the heating source) path. The following energy savings can be achieved compared to conventional machines.

(Estimated as an example) Exhaust gas loss of conventional machine... (Exhaust gas temperature 25000, air ratio 1.3) → 12% Exhaust gas loss after implementation of the present invention... (Exhaust gas temperature 10
0oo, air ratio 1.3) → 4.2% or 12-4
．． 2 = 7.8% energy saving.

Also, compared to the conventional example in which a heat exchanger is installed in the exhaust gas path and uses scarlet heat, the temperature taken out from the heat exchanger is lower, and the present invention allows a larger average temperature difference between the heat exchangers. Therefore, it is possible to significantly reduce the size of the heat exchanger by 4. Therefore, the cost of the heat exchanger and the loss in the exhaust gas path are reduced. The present invention provides a generator,
In an absorption chiller/heater that is equipped with an evaporator, an absorber, a condenser, and a heat exchanger and can perform cooling or heating in one unit, the heating medium fluid to which the heat energy of the heating source of the generator has been applied is By guiding it to the heating fluid path of the evaporator,
To save energy by effectively using the heat of 8E gas at a relatively low temperature level by replacing it with latent heat from soot evaporation, or by giving the sensible heat of high-temperature water to the refrigerant in the form of latent heat. It is possible to provide a water absorption chiller/heater that can do this, which has an extremely large effect in terms of practical use and energy saving.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1, 2, and 3 are flow sheets showing different embodiments of the present invention. 1...First generator, 2...Heat exchanger,
3...Absorber, 4...Solution pump, 5...
...Second heat exchanger, 6...First heat exchanger,
7...Second generator, 8...Pipeline, 9.
... Condenser, 10 ... Valve, 11 ... Evaporator, 12 ... Cooling pump, 13 ... Medium liquid level detection end, 14. ...Cold butterfly low level detection end,
15, 16...Pump, 17...Hot water outlet temperature detection end, 18...Combustion gas amount adjustment valve, blades 9, 20,
217 22, 23... Valve, 24... High temperature water pipe,
25...High temperature gas pipeline. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In an absorption chiller/heater that is equipped with a generator, evaporator, absorber, condenser, and heat exchanger and can perform cooling or heating in one unit, An absorption chiller/heater characterized in that a heat transfer fluid to which energy has been imparted is guided to a heating fluid path of the evaporator. 2. The heating source of the generator is combustion gas, and the heat transfer fluid is a fluid heated by a heat exchanger provided in a gas path after combustion of the combustion gas. The absorption chiller/heater according to item 1. 3. The absorption chiller/heater according to claim 1, wherein the heating source of the generator is high temperature water, and the heat transfer fluid is the high temperature water itself. 4. The absorber according to claim 1, wherein the heating source of the generator is a high-temperature gas, and the heat transfer fluid is a fluid heated by a heat exchanger provided in a path of the high-temperature gas. Hot and cold water machine. 5. During the heating cycle, hot water for heating is passed through the absorber or the condenser, or in series or in parallel with the absorber and the condenser. The absorption chiller/heater according to item 2, 3, or 4. 6. A control section such as a valve is provided in a refrigerant return path connected from the condenser to the evaporator, and the control section is configured to be controlled by a signal from detection of a refrigerant liquid level in the evaporator. The absorption chiller/heater according to item 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.