JPS60253154A - Electrolyte supply type battery of self-discharge prevention ability - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate liquid passage and prevent self-discharging at the time of standstill of a battery by providing an opening on the piping of supply side of electrolyte. CONSTITUTION:Distribution pipes 2a, 2b,... 2x, 2y branched from a manifold 1 are laid on a zinc-chlorine battery in which 25 cells C-1, C-2,... C-24, C-25 are connected together in series, and electrolyte 4 whose main component is zinc chloride is supplied from an electrolyte distributing port 3 uniformly to respective cells. This time, an opening 9 opened to atmoshere through a valve 8 is provided on the tip of the manifold, and a part of the electrolyte 4 is discharged normally from the opening 9. When electric supply is stopped and supply of the electrolyte 4 is also stopped to stop operation of the battery, external air enters from the opening 9 and the electrolyte 4 is discharged to the electrolyte surface level of each cell and replaced with the external air. And the electrolyte 4' in the piping on the discharging side is also discharged and liquid passage between cells is eliminated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an electrolyte-supplied battery, and more particularly to an electrolyte-supplied battery that prevents self-discharge during suspension of operation.

[Prior art]

In so-called electrolyte-supplied batteries, in which electrolyte is supplied from outside the cell and discharged to the outside through between the electrodes of the cell, when increasing the battery capacity by electrically connecting or stacking single cells in series, for example, As shown in the conceptual diagram of Fig. 3, each single cell (C-1), (C-2), (C-3>
, (C-4>) are provided with distribution pipes (2a), (2b), (2c), <2d) branched from the manifold (1), respectively, and the electrolyte distribution port (3) J is connected to the electrolytic solution. liquid (4)
is supplied and distributed equally to each cell, and each discharge pipe (5a> , (5b) , (5c) , (5d
The electrolytic solution (4') discharged through the electrolytic solution discharge port (4') is collected in an electrolytic solution common discharge pipe (6) and can be discharged from an electrolytic solution discharge port (7).

In this case, since each cell is connected by an electrically conductive electrolyte through each pipe on the electrolyte supply side and the discharge side, a liquid junction occurs between the cells, resulting in a loss of current flowing through the cells.

For this, for example, each distribution pipe (2a), (2b),
(2c), (2d) and discharge pipes (5a), (5b)
.

<50), it can be prevented to some extent by making the tube (5d) longer or reducing its diameter.

(The problem that the invention is trying to solve) However,
When the operation of the battery is stopped and its energization and electrolyte supply are stopped, that is, even when it is in an open state, the manifold (1) and each distribution pipe (2a>
, (2b), (2c), and <2d), liquid junctions occur between the cells via these pipes as long as the battery capacity is available. As a result, the longer the outage period, the greater the self-emitted N color, which increased the loss of battery energy.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention has been made to address these problems.
In a battery where electrolyte is distributed and supplied to each of a plurality of electrically connected or stacked single cells in series through each distribution pipe branched from the manifold, and the electrolyte is discharged from each single cell through a discharge pipe. By providing an opening to the outside air at a position higher than the level of the cell electrolyte contained in the manifold or distribution pipe, the opening can be left open when the battery is out of operation to drain the electrolyte present in the manifold or distribution pipe. The liquid is drained and replaced with outside air, eliminating liquid junctions between each cell and preventing self-discharge.

The position of the opening in the manifold or distribution pipe should be higher than the level of the electrolyte on the four sides in the barrel.
By opening the opening when the battery is out of operation, the electrolyte present in the supply-side piping is discharged and replaced with outside air.
Eventually, as shown in FIG. 2, the liquid level in the distribution tube becomes at the same level as the four electrolytic solution surfaces in the cell due to the Ihon principle.

Therefore, the connection between each cell due to the electrolyte is cut off, and liquid junctions can be eliminated.

In addition, the opening may be provided with appropriate piping and a valve, etc., and this valve, etc. may be opened when the battery is not operating, or a portion of the electrolyte may be kept open during battery operation by leaving the valve, etc. open. may be released. In this case, when the battery is out of operation, the opening remains open without operating the valve, so the electrolyte in the tube is naturally drained and replaced with outside air. Note that piping is, of course, required to receive the electrolytic solution discharged from these openings and to flow it to the discharge pipe of the battery.

[Example] Examples will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The active area of the electrode is 3, with a zinc electrode plate made of hard gelafuffite and a chlorine electrode plate made of porous graphite arranged in a PVC frame.
As shown in Figure 1, the single cell of 0Of:ai is 25 cells (
C-1), (C-2)...(C-24).

(C-25> Distribution pipes (2a) and (2b) branched from Manino Old (1) to the zinc-chlorine batteries connected in series.
... (2x) and (2y) are arranged, and the electrolyte distribution port (
3) supplies an electrolytic solution (4) containing zinc chloride as a main component and distributes it evenly to each cell, and a discharge pipe (5a),
(5b) - (5x) and (5y), collected in the electrolyte common discharge pipe (6), and discharged from the electrolyte discharge port (7), and the battery was operated for charging. At this time, the manifold (1
) is provided with an opening (9) that opens to the outside air via a valve (8), and by opening the valve (8), a portion of the electrolyte (4) is constantly supplied from this opening (9>). It was discharged into a discharge pipe (10) connected to the electrolyte common discharge pipe (6).

The battery operating conditions at this time were 2 mo as the electrolyte (4).
l/f zinc chloride + 1 mol/, sodium dichloride + 2
An aqueous solution of io1/1m potassium adjusted to PH1 was supplied at 2d/ci・10, and the charging current density was 301A.
/cI11, temperature was 30° C., and charging time was 8 hours.

Then, when the electricity was turned off and the supply of electrolyte (4) was stopped to stop battery operation, outside air entered through the opening (9) and the electrolyte supply piping was blocked by the cell as shown in Figure 2. The electrolytic solution (4) was discharged up to the electrolyte bell and replaced with outside air, and the electrolytic solution (4') was also discharged from the discharge side piping, eliminating the liquid junction between each cell.

Next, Tables 1 to 3 show the case where the battery was discharged immediately without stopping the electrolyte supply after charging, the platform where the battery was discharged two weeks after stopping operation, and the case where the battery was similarly stopped and discharged four weeks later. Current efficiency, voltage efficiency, energy, V? - Indicates the results of measuring efficiency.

The numerical values at the bottom of each table are shown for comparison in the case of a conventional battery to which the gate part of the present invention is not attached.

[Table 1 L] From the above results, the electric current efficiency was almost constant in all cases, but the current efficiency decreased by about 10% for conventional batteries when left for 4 weeks after the battery was turned off. On the other hand, in the battery of the present invention, the decrease was only about 3%, and the effect of eliminating the liquid junction and preventing self-discharge was remarkable.

(Effects of the Invention) As can be seen from the results of the above examples, in the battery of the present invention in which an opening is provided in the electrolyte supply pipe, the liquid junction can be eliminated when the battery is not in operation, so that it is self-sustaining. This significantly prevented discharge.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the operational state of a zinc-chlorine battery of the electrolyte supply type battery of the present invention shown in the Example, and Figure 2 is the state of the same battery during rest. Figure 3 is a conceptual diagram of the operation of a conventional electrolyte-supplied battery; Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the
The figure is an explanatory diagram showing a state of a conventional electrolyte supply type battery when it is at rest. 1...Manino A-old 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2x, 2y-distribution pipe 3...electrolyte distribution port 4.4'...electrolyte 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5x, 5y , 1
O---nf outlet pipe 6... Electrolyte common discharge pipe 7... Electrolyte outlet 8... Valve 9... Openings C-1, C-2, C-3, C-4 ,(,-24,C-2
5...Cell

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Electrolyte is distributed and supplied to each of the multiple electrically connected or stacked single cells in series through each distribution pipe branched from the mani-no-told, and the electrolyte is discharged from each single cell through a discharge pipe. By installing an opening to the outside air at a position higher than the level of the cell electrolyte flowing into the manifold or distribution pipe, the opening can be kept open when the battery is out of operation. The manifold A-
The electrolyte present in the field and distribution pipe is discharged and connected to the outside air.
This is an electrolyte supply type battery that prevents self-discharge. (2) The battery is a zinc-chlorine battery that supplies an aqueous solution containing zinc chloride as the main component as an electrolyte.
An electrolyte supply type battery that prevents self-discharge as described in item 1). (3) Is there an I on the tip of Mayuno A-ru? After installing the tlLI part, it is left open at all times during operation so that a part of the electrolyte is released from the pipe and discharged to the C discharge pipe, and when the battery is not in operation,
An electrolyte supply type battery that prevents self-discharge according to claim (1) or (2), wherein the opening is left open.