JPS60245918A - Multistage incinerator - Google Patents
Multistage incineratorInfo
- Publication number
- JPS60245918A JPS60245918A JP59101613A JP10161384A JPS60245918A JP S60245918 A JPS60245918 A JP S60245918A JP 59101613 A JP59101613 A JP 59101613A JP 10161384 A JP10161384 A JP 10161384A JP S60245918 A JPS60245918 A JP S60245918A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- zone
- combustion
- combustion zone
- exhaust
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/006—General arrangement of incineration plant, e.g. flow sheets
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は下水汚泥等の廃棄物を焼却するための多段焼却
炉に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a multistage incinerator for incinerating waste such as sewage sludge.
（従来の技術）
下水汚泥のような高カロリーの自燃性廃棄物の焼却には
従来から多段焼却炉が広く用いられているが、この種の
焼却炉にあっては炉内温度が異常に上昇し易く、炉を損
傷させたり、タリンカーを生成したり、ＮＯｘ発生量が
増大する欠点があり、また、排ガス温度の上昇により排
ガス処理設備を損傷させたり、排ガス体積の増大による
排ガス処理費用の増加を招いたりする欠点があった。そ
こで従来から燃焼帯の温度が異常に上昇したときには燃
焼ガスの一部を燃焼帯から抽気することにより炉内温度
の低下を図るようにした多段焼却炉（例えば、特公昭４
８−３６２６９号公報）や、乾燥帯の排ガスの一部を燃
焼帯に循環させることにより燃焼帯の過熱を防止するよ
うにした多段焼却炉（例えば、特公昭５４−１１６２９
号）が開発されていた。(Prior technology) Multi-stage incinerators have been widely used to incinerate high-calorie self-combustible wastes such as sewage sludge, but in this type of incinerator, the temperature inside the furnace rises abnormally. This has the disadvantage of damaging the furnace, generating talin gas, and increasing the amount of NOx generated.In addition, it can damage the exhaust gas treatment equipment due to an increase in the exhaust gas temperature, and increase the exhaust gas treatment cost due to an increase in the exhaust gas volume. It had the disadvantage of causing problems. Therefore, when the temperature of the combustion zone rises abnormally, a part of the combustion gas is extracted from the combustion zone to lower the temperature inside the furnace.
No. 8-36269), and multi-stage incinerators that prevent overheating of the combustion zone by circulating part of the exhaust gas in the dry zone to the combustion zone (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 11629/1983).
No.) was being developed.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
ところが、特公昭４Ｂ−３６２６９号に示される多段焼
却炉は、燃焼帯の異常昇温を検知した後に抽気を開始す
るので炉壁の損傷やタリンカー生成を防止することがで
きぬうえ抽気量が不安定であるので抽気された燃焼ガス
の工氷ルギを有効に利用することが困難であり、また、
特公昭５４−１１６２９号にしめされる多段焼却炉も燃
焼帯の異常昇温蚕検知した後に循環を開始するので同様
の問題があった。従って、炉内温度の異常昇温を有効に
防止するとかでき、しかもエネルギロスを防止すること
ができる多段焼却炉が望まれていた（問題点を解決する
ための手段）
本発明はこのような従来の問題点を解決するために完成
されたものであり、乾燥帯と燃焼帯と冷却帯とを有する
多段焼却炉において、乾燥帯の排ガスを燃焼帯の温度に
応じて燃焼帯と冷却帯のいずれか一方又は双方へ循環さ
せる循環ダクトを設けるとともに、乾燥帯又は燃焼帯に
は燃焼ガスを常時中段排気する排気ダクトを設けたこと
を特徴とするものである。(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, the multi-stage incinerator shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 4B-36269 starts air extraction after detecting an abnormal temperature rise in the combustion zone, which prevents damage to the furnace wall and generation of talin car. Moreover, since the amount of extracted air is unstable, it is difficult to effectively utilize the extracted combustion gas, and
The multi-stage incinerator disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-11629 also had a similar problem because it started circulation after detecting an abnormal temperature rise of silkworms in the combustion zone. Therefore, there has been a desire for a multi-stage incinerator that can effectively prevent the abnormal temperature rise in the furnace and also prevent energy loss (means for solving the problems). This was completed in order to solve the conventional problems.In a multistage incinerator that has a drying zone, a combustion zone, and a cooling zone, the exhaust gas in the drying zone is divided between the combustion zone and the cooling zone according to the temperature of the combustion zone. It is characterized in that a circulation duct is provided to circulate the gas to one or both of them, and an exhaust duct is provided in the drying zone or the combustion zone to constantly exhaust the combustion gas in the middle stage.
（実施例）
次に本発明を図示の実施例について詳細に説明すると、
（１１は乾燥帯（２）と燃焼帯（３）と冷却帯（４）と
から成る多段焼却炉の炉体であり、乾燥帯（２）の上部
の廃棄物投入装置（５）により投入された下水汚泥のケ
ーキのような廃棄物が炉体（１１の内部に多段に形成さ
れた炉床（６）間をアーム（７）により攪拌されっつ順
次下方へ移動し、乾燥、燃焼、冷却の各工程を経て冷却
帯（４）の下端から焼却灰として排出されるよう構成さ
れたものである。乾燥帯（２）と燃焼帯（３）又は冷却
帯（４）との間には循環ファン（８）を備えた循環ダク
ト（９）が設けられている。この循環ダクト（９）には
循環ガス量調節弁αωが介装されており、該循環ガス量
調節弁０Φは燃焼帯（３）の温度計（１１）からの信号
に応じて循環ガス量調節弁０＠の開度を制御する温度調
節器（１２）に接続されている。また、乾燥帯（２）又
は燃焼帯（３）には排気ガス量調節弁（１３）を備えた
排気ダク） （１４）が設けられており、該排気ガス量
調節弁（１３）は前記の廃棄物投入装置（５）に付設さ
れた投入量検出器（１５）からの信号を受けて排気ガス
量調節弁（１３）の開度を制御する排気量調節器（１６
）に接続されている。排気量調節器（１６）は常時一定
量の燃焼ガスが乾燥帯（２）又は燃焼帯（３）から中段
排気されるよう、排気ガス量調節弁（１３）を開くとと
もに、廃棄物投入量が定常状態よりも増加したときには
それに対応させて排気ガス量調節弁（１３）を更に大き
く開くように設定されているものである。なお、（１７
）は排気ダクト（１４）に接続され中段排気された燃焼
ガスを冷却する第１熱交換器、（１８）は第１熱交換器
（１７）を経た燃焼ガスを循環ガスの一部とともに除湿
及び脱硫に適した温度まで更に冷却する冷却塔、（１９
）は脱硫塔、（２０）は電気集塵機、（２１）は排ガス
ファンであり、（２２）は脱硫後の４０℃程度の排ガス
を昇温させるための第２熱交換器である。また、（２３
）は第２熱交換器（２２）及び前記の第１熱交換器（１
７）により加熱された排ガスを更に加熱する再加熱炉、
（２４）はＮＯｘをアンモニアと反応させてＮ２とＨｚ
ｏに分解する脱臭、脱硝用の触媒反応塔、（２５）は以
上の工程により浄化された排ガスを大気中に放出する煙
突である（作用）
このように構成されたものは、燃焼帯（３）に設けられ
たバーナー（２６）により燃焼帯（３）の温度を自燃性
廃棄物が自熱するに必要な温度以上としたうえでパイプ
（２７）から廃棄物燃焼用空気を供給しつつ廃棄物投入
装置（５）によって廃棄物を炉体（１）の上部から継続
的に投入すれば、廃棄物は乾燥帯（２）において上向す
るガス流と接触して乾燥され、燃焼帯（３）において燃
焼したうえ冷却帯（４）の下端から焼却灰として排出さ
れることは従来の多段焼却炉と同様である。しかし本発
明にあたっては燃焼帯（３）の温度が上昇順向を示した
ときには乾燥帯（２）と燃焼帯（３）又は冷却帯（４）
との間に設けられた循環ダクト（９）が燃焼帯（３）の
温度に応じて多量の排ガスを乾燥帯（２）から燃焼帯（
３）と冷却帯（４）のいずれか一方又は双方へ循環させ
るので、温度の低い乾燥帯（２）からの排ガスにより燃
焼帯（３）の温度が直ちに降下される。また、廃棄物の
発熱量は略一定であるために燃焼帯（３）の温度上昇は
廃棄物投入量の増加が最大の原因となるものであるが、
本発明においては乾燥帯（２）又は燃焼帯（３）に設け
られた排気ダク） （１４）が常時燃焼帯（３）から燃
焼ガスを中段排気しつつ廃棄物投入量が増加したときに
はそれに対応しつつ更に多量の燃焼ガスを中段排気する
ので、投入量の増加による燃焼帯（３）の温度上昇が生
ずる以前に予め排気量が増加されることとなる。従って
定常状態よりも多量に投入された廃棄物が燃焼帯（３）
において燃焼を開始して燃焼発熱量が増加しても予め排
気量が増加されているために炉内温度の上昇は抑制され
、炉壁の損傷やクリンカーの生成が防止される。なお、
投入量の増加を検出したのち乾燥帯（２）又は燃焼帯（
３）の排気量の増加を開始するまでに一定の時間遅れを
持たせることが好ましく、このためには排気量調節器（
１６）に遅延回路を内蔵させる等の手段が用いられる。(Example) Next, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the illustrated example.
(11 is the furnace body of the multistage incinerator, which consists of a drying zone (2), a combustion zone (3), and a cooling zone (4). The waste, such as a cake of sewage sludge, is stirred by the arm (7) and sequentially moved downward between the hearths (6) formed in multiple stages inside the furnace body (11), where it is dried, burned, and cooled. It is configured to be discharged as incinerated ash from the lower end of the cooling zone (4) after passing through each process. A circulation duct (9) equipped with a fan (8) is provided.This circulation duct (9) is equipped with a circulation gas amount control valve αω, and the circulation gas amount control valve 0Φ is connected to the combustion zone ( 3) is connected to a temperature regulator (12) that controls the opening degree of the circulating gas amount control valve 0@ according to the signal from the thermometer (11) of the drying zone (2) or the combustion zone ( 3) is provided with an exhaust duct (14) equipped with an exhaust gas volume control valve (13), and the exhaust gas volume control valve (13) is attached to the waste input device (5). An exhaust amount regulator (16) that controls the opening degree of the exhaust gas amount control valve (13) in response to a signal from the input amount detector (15).
)It is connected to the. The exhaust volume regulator (16) opens the exhaust gas volume control valve (13) so that a constant amount of combustion gas is always exhausted from the drying zone (2) or the combustion zone (3), and also controls the amount of waste input. When the amount of exhaust gas increases compared to the steady state, the exhaust gas amount control valve (13) is set to open further in response to the increase. In addition, (17
) is a first heat exchanger that is connected to the exhaust duct (14) and cools the combustion gas exhausted in the middle stage, and (18) is a first heat exchanger that dehumidifies and dehumidifies the combustion gas that has passed through the first heat exchanger (17) together with a part of the circulating gas. cooling tower for further cooling to a temperature suitable for desulfurization, (19
) is a desulfurization tower, (20) is an electrostatic precipitator, (21) is an exhaust gas fan, and (22) is a second heat exchanger for raising the temperature of the exhaust gas of about 40° C. after desulfurization. Also, (23
) is a second heat exchanger (22) and the first heat exchanger (1
7) a reheating furnace that further heats the exhaust gas heated by
(24) reacts NOx with ammonia to generate N2 and Hz
(25) is a chimney that releases the exhaust gas purified by the above steps into the atmosphere. ) is used to raise the temperature of the combustion zone (3) to a temperature higher than the temperature required for self-heating of the combustible waste, and then dispose of the waste while supplying air for waste combustion from the pipe (27). If the waste is continuously fed from the upper part of the furnace body (1) by the material feeding device (5), the waste is dried in contact with the upward gas flow in the drying zone (2), and the waste is dried in the combustion zone (3). ) is burned and then discharged as incinerated ash from the lower end of the cooling zone (4), as in conventional multi-stage incinerators. However, in the present invention, when the temperature of the combustion zone (3) shows an upward trend, the dry zone (2) and the combustion zone (3) or the cooling zone (4)
A circulation duct (9) installed between the drying zone (2) and the combustion zone (
3) and the cooling zone (4), or both, the temperature of the combustion zone (3) is immediately lowered by the low temperature exhaust gas from the drying zone (2). Furthermore, since the calorific value of waste is approximately constant, the temperature increase in the combustion zone (3) is mainly caused by an increase in the amount of waste input.
In the present invention, the exhaust duct (14) provided in the drying zone (2) or the combustion zone (3) constantly exhausts combustion gas from the combustion zone (3) in the middle stage and responds to the increase in the amount of waste input. At the same time, a larger amount of combustion gas is exhausted in the middle stage, so the amount of exhaust gas is increased in advance before the temperature of the combustion zone (3) increases due to the increase in the input amount. Therefore, a larger amount of waste than in the steady state is in the combustion zone (3).
Even if combustion is started and the combustion calorific value increases, the increase in temperature inside the furnace is suppressed because the exhaust amount has been increased in advance, and damage to the furnace wall and generation of clinker are prevented. In addition,
After detecting an increase in the amount of input, the drying zone (2) or the burning zone (
It is preferable to have a certain time delay before starting to increase the displacement in 3), and for this purpose, the displacement regulator (
16) A method such as incorporating a delay circuit is used.
このように、本発明の多段焼却炉では常時中段排気が行
われているために中段排気された約８００℃の燃焼ガス
のエネルギを有効に利用して排ガス処理が行われる。As described above, in the multi-stage incinerator of the present invention, since middle-stage exhaust is always performed, exhaust gas treatment is performed by effectively utilizing the energy of the approximately 800° C. combustion gas exhausted from the middle stage.
即ち、中段排気された燃焼ガスは第１熱交換器（１７）
によって冷却されたのち冷却塔（１８）により冷却、集
塵、除湿されて約４０℃の排ガスとなり、更。That is, the combustion gas exhausted in the middle stage is transferred to the first heat exchanger (17).
After being cooled by the cooling tower (18), the exhaust gas is cooled, dust-collected, and dehumidified to a temperature of approximately 40°C.
に脱硫塔（１９）により脱硫される。次に第２熱交換器
（２２）により約２５０℃に加熱され、更に第１熱交換
器（１７）により４００℃程度まで加熱されたうえ触媒
反応塔（２４）で脱臭、脱硝され、その熱量を第２熱交
換器（２２）で放出して約２００℃の温度で煙突から排
出される。これは触媒反応には高温が必要であることに
起因する排ガスの冷却及び加熱を２つの熱交換器を用い
ることにより外部エネルギの消費を最小限度に止めて行
わせたものであり、中段排気された燃焼ガスのエネルギ
は無駄なく利用されることとなる。It is desulfurized by the desulfurization tower (19). Next, it is heated to about 250°C by the second heat exchanger (22), further heated to about 400°C by the first heat exchanger (17), and deodorized and denitrated in the catalytic reaction tower (24). is discharged in the second heat exchanger (22) and discharged from the chimney at a temperature of about 200°C. This is because two heat exchangers are used to cool and heat the exhaust gas, which is caused by the high temperature required for the catalytic reaction, minimizing the consumption of external energy. The energy of the combustion gas will be used without wastage.
（発明の効果）
本発明は以上の説明からも明らかなように、乾燥帯の排
ガスを燃焼帯又は冷却帯へ循環させる循環ダクトと、燃
焼ガスを常時中段排気する排気ダクトとを設けることに
より燃焼帯の異常昇温を確実に防止し、炉壁の損傷やク
リンカーの生成を防ぐことができるとともに、常時中段
排気される燃焼ガスのエネルギを排ガス処理等に有効に
利用することによりエネルギロスを防止したものである
から、従来の多段焼却炉の問題点を解決したものとして
産業の発展に寄与するところ極めて大なものがある。(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above description, the present invention provides combustion by providing a circulation duct that circulates exhaust gas in the dry zone to the combustion zone or the cooling zone, and an exhaust duct that constantly exhausts the combustion gas in the middle stage. It reliably prevents abnormal temperature rise in the belt, prevents damage to the furnace wall and the formation of clinker, and prevents energy loss by effectively utilizing the energy of the combustion gas that is constantly exhausted in the middle stage for exhaust gas treatment, etc. Therefore, it has the potential to greatly contribute to the development of industry as a solution to the problems of conventional multistage incinerators.
図面は本発明の実施例を示す概略図である。
（２）：乾燥帯、（３）：燃焼帯、（４）：冷却帯、（
９）：軸型ダクト、（１４） ：排気ダクト。
２；乾燥帯
３：燃、焼帝
／？３−−一２．モニＹThe drawings are schematic illustrations of embodiments of the invention. (2): Drying zone, (3): Combustion zone, (4): Cooling zone, (
9): Axial duct, (14): Exhaust duct. 2; Dry zone 3: Burning, burning emperor/? 3--12. Moni Y
Claims (1)
多段焼却炉において、乾燥帯（２）の排ガスを燃焼帯（
３）の温度に応じて燃焼帯（３）と冷却帯（４）のいず
れか一方又は双方へ循環させる循環ダクト（９）を設け
るとともに、乾燥帯（２）又は燃焼帯（３）には燃焼ガ
スを常時中段排気する排気ダクｌ−（１４）を設けたこ
とを特徴とする多段焼却炉。In a multistage incinerator that has a drying zone (2), a combustion zone (3), and a cooling zone (4), the exhaust gas from the drying zone (2) is transferred to the combustion zone (
A circulation duct (9) is installed to circulate the combustion zone (3) and/or the cooling zone (4) depending on the temperature of the combustion zone (3) and the cooling zone (4). A multistage incinerator characterized by being provided with an exhaust duct l-(14) for constantly exhausting gas in the middle stage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59101613A JPS60245918A (en) | 1984-05-19 | 1984-05-19 | Multistage incinerator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59101613A JPS60245918A (en) | 1984-05-19 | 1984-05-19 | Multistage incinerator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60245918A true JPS60245918A (en) | 1985-12-05 |
| JPH0214604B2 JPH0214604B2 (en) | 1990-04-09 |
Family
ID=14305249
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59101613A Granted JPS60245918A (en) | 1984-05-19 | 1984-05-19 | Multistage incinerator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60245918A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0490409A (en) * | 1990-07-31 | 1992-03-24 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Method and device for controlling combustion in fluidized bed type incinerator |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| JPS54120964A (en) * | 1978-03-13 | 1979-09-19 | Kubota Ltd | Automatic control method of incinerator |
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| JPS5556515A (en) * | 1978-10-20 | 1980-04-25 | Takuma Co Ltd | Detecting device for supplying quantity of refuse in incinerating furnace |
-
1984
- 1984-05-19 JP JP59101613A patent/JPS60245918A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5411629A (en) * | 1977-06-27 | 1979-01-27 | Maspro Denko Kk | Community receiving system amplifier monitor and amplifier monitoring system |
| JPS54120964A (en) * | 1978-03-13 | 1979-09-19 | Kubota Ltd | Automatic control method of incinerator |
| JPS54123270A (en) * | 1978-03-17 | 1979-09-25 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Control method for trash incinerator |
| JPS5556515A (en) * | 1978-10-20 | 1980-04-25 | Takuma Co Ltd | Detecting device for supplying quantity of refuse in incinerating furnace |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0490409A (en) * | 1990-07-31 | 1992-03-24 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Method and device for controlling combustion in fluidized bed type incinerator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0214604B2 (en) | 1990-04-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |