JPS60234521A - Dripping injection of large volume tree trunk - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for quickly dispersing a large amount of a chemical solution, such as a pest control agent, a growth regulator, etc., onto a tree without causing chemical damage.

Currently, the methods of controlling pests and diseases of useful trees in Japan mainly include methods of diluting and spraying emulsions and irrigation agents, as well as methods of applying granules, etc. to the soil and absorbing them through the tree root system. Spraying or soil treatment methods, such as injection into tree trunks using ampoules, are known as methods for preventing pine wilt caused by pine nematode. Waste, flow into rivers, contamination of living areas, etc. occur, and safety issues with the drugs themselves lead to various regulations during treatment, and there are many cases where the original purpose cannot be achieved.

Due to these problems, although it lacks ease of processing, there is little waste of chemicals and there is no pollution to the living area or environment.
Atsugi treatment technology using tree trunk injection has attracted attention in recent years and is being put into practice. Injecting chemicals into the trunks of living trees began as a medical treatment method in 1903, when MOKRZECKI was busy injecting iron sulfate solution into the trees to treat fruit chlorosis, and many people have attempted to do so since then (forestry industry). Technology A39
7. About the drip tree trunk injection method, Forest Epidemic Prevention Vol. 2
9, /I69 Method for preventing pine tree blight by injecting chemical agents into tree trunks, etc.)
.

Tree trunk injections that are currently in use and commercially available include mesulfenphos oil (O.

-dimethyl-rho-5-methyl-4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl phosphorothioate oil (trade name Nemanone), morantel tartrate solution (trans-1,4,5
,6-tetrahydro-1-methyl-2(2-(5-methyl-2-chenyl)vinyl)pyrimidine tartrate solution (
(trade name: Green Guard), and both come in ampoules and are highly concentrated preparations with active ingredient contents of 50% and 12.5%, respectively. For those formulations, only organic solvents,
Alternatively, it is used in the form of a liquid consisting of about 60% organic solvent and water.
The method of use is to raise the drilled hole and insert the ampoule. Furthermore, in order to translocate the active ingredients to the tips of the current year's pine branches, which are the damaged parts of the tree, both drugs are used during the active period of the pine beetle, which is the vector of the pine beetle (around May to July). The bait is treated with chemicals for more than three months.

These injection methods using ampoules have the advantage of requiring a small amount of drug because they are highly concentrated drugs, but on the other hand, in order to prevent the ampoule from falling off and to inject the entire amount of the drug solution in the ampoule, the injection method is generally carried out at the tree trunk. On the other hand, the point of drilling a hole diagonally downward from above with a depth of 5 m or more, and the injection Kfl! Compared to the solvent used in K, there is a possibility of chemical damage caused by the size and species of the tree, and because the amount of injection liquid is small, it may not be sufficient to uniformly disperse the active ingredient, and it is often used for large trees etc. It is also possible that the drug's efficacy may be unstable. Sara K.

Efforts have been made to provide many injection ports in order to ensure even distribution, but this poses problems in terms of physical damage to the tree itself, contamination with bacteria, and labor.

In other words, a drill hole with a depth of 5G or more penetrates the sapwood of the pine tree, which is rich in resin secretion, which may result in the drill hole not being able to be completely covered, or in extreme cases, rot due to invading pathogenic bacteria. Depending on the depth of the holes and the number of injection holes, there is even a possibility that trees may fall due to strong winds.

On the other hand, regarding the migration of injected chemicals into the trunk of pine trees, research conducted by the Japan Forestry Research Institute (Forest Epidemic Prevention Vol. 1.29)
1 shoulder 9 180. Matsuura et al.) have been used in various ways, but it is also known that in order to distribute K evenly from the bottom to the top of the tree, thick pine trees must have at least four injection ports. Conventionally known solvents for injecting into tree trunks include a method for translocating agents within pine trees, published in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-13618, and Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-1.
Preparation for tree trunk injection No. 1570j, No. 57-156401
There is a solubilized preparation for injection into tree trunks and a method for preventing tree blight.

These describe methods that use organic solvents or include water, low-viscosity organic solvents, and surfactants, but regardless of which solvent is used, the amount of injection per material volume is
It is being implemented at less than t//.

According to such a method of injecting a small amount of drug, it is difficult to disperse the drug, and it takes a long time for the active ingredient to migrate. That is, even if it is possible for the drug to move vertically, the distribution within the wood will be uneven, and uniform transfer to each branch and leaf will be insufficient, making the effect unstable. For example, in the case of controlling pine nematode, the pine nematode becomes infected when the vector insect pine nematode eats the pine branches and leaves, so it is necessary to have a sufficient amount of the active ingredient in the pine branches and leaves. On the other hand, it is also known that if a large amount of these solvents is injected in excess of 10 tons per volume in order to improve dispersion, chemical damage such as withering of the lower leaves and blackening of the wood near the injection site will occur.

In view of these problems, a low concentration of active ingredients is applied at an injection rate of 5 or more, preferably 10 or more per 12 volumes of standing wood.
Prompt treatment without damage through one to a small number of injection holes as shallow as possible is an extremely effective means of solving the problem.

We have developed an injection solvent that meets these conditions.The present invention is a hydrophilic organic solvent, such as ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol containing 80 to 40% (by weight) water, made weakly acidic with a pH of 3 to 5. but,
A large amount of 10 to 100 tons per 1 fP of standing wood volume can be easily injected into trees without causing chemical damage.

In actual practice, ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol in particular are safe in terms of human and animal toxicity, and in particular, the concentration of hydrophilic solvents should not exceed 50% by weight to prevent chemical damage, and 50% or more should be used. This is important because it facilitates injection. In terms of economy and workability, the capacity is preferably 5 to 50 t/d, more preferably 10 to 30 t/d.

At the same time, a pH range of 5 to 5 is appropriate for a large amount of liquid to be taken in without affecting living tree cells.

If any of these conditions is lacking, some kind of problem will occur.

Despite the fact that the amount of alcohol injected was 50 times greater than the amount that would normally cause drug damage in a single agent of ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol, no drug damage was observed, which was previously unthinkable. It is possible to inject a large amount of liquid up to 10% of the volume of fresh wood.

This amount is a surprising amount considering that the moisture content of raw wood varies depending on the tree, but is approximately 30 to 60% (by weight).

It should be noted that injection of a large amount of methyl alcohol, acetone, etc., or a solvent containing a surfactant at a rate of 10 A/I or more per volume is unsuitable due to chemical damage. The advantage of large-volume injection is that the physiologically active substances and nutritional components of the tree, as well as the isobarically effective insecticides and fungicides for pests and diseases, can be distributed to every corner of the tree at a level of purulence that is reasonable for the trees.

When injecting a large amount of chemical solution, a natural pressure drop injection method using an injection device with a large tank is most preferable. Furthermore, it is preferable to create a pool of liquid in the middle of the pipe that is introduced from the tank to the injection hole, which is thicker than the pipe, as it allows for smoother injection of the chemical solution.

Things that can be injected into tree trunks or radish using this injection solvent include useful nutritional components of trees such as iron and sugar, and bamidothion [0,0-dimethyl ll-2-(1
-Methylcarbamoylethyl 100)ethyl phosphoro100ate], ethylthioethyl (0,0-diethyls -
(2-Ethylthioethyl)phosphorothiolothioate]
, mesulfenphos (0,0-dimethyl 3-methyl-
4-methylsulfinyl phenyl phosphorothionate)
, t-2,5,5,6-tetrahydro-6-phenyl is dacy(2,1-b)thiazole hydrochloride, trans-
1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1-methyl-2(2-
(5-19-2-chenyl)vinyl) i)
Syntartrate, piperazine, nicotine sulfate, etc., insecticides, acaricides, and nematocides that are easily soluble in water or a mixed solvent with ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol, or steel sulfate, ammonium ethylene his(dithiocarbamate), streptomycin, thiophene. Examples include bactericidal agents such as natemethyl (4,4-phenylenebis(3-thiolophanoic acid) dimethyl).

This method of large-volume injection from the tree trunk or thick roots involves spraying and
Safely, without the risk of environmental pollution caused by soil treatment.
In addition, the present invention provides a technology that can uniformly translocate chemicals throughout the tree including branches and leaves without causing any chemical damage to living trees, thereby effectively controlling pests or promoting growth.

The present invention will be described below with reference to examples of phytotoxicity tests of injection solvents and efficacy tests when they contain active ingredients.

Example 1 Moisture content and chemical damage: 50 t/w of solvent adjusted as below to 10-year-old yellow pine, 15-year-old cedar, and 10-year-old yellow chestnut! The equivalent amount was injected into the trunk of the tree through a hole 3 cm deep and 9 m in diameter using head pressure (1 m), and the time required for injection and the state of chemical damage one month later were investigated. Labeling of drug damage was done according to the following standards. Three samples were used for each treatment.

Status of chemical damage No display symbol - Discoloration only around the injection site Discoloration on 11 leaves Discoloration on all 2 leaves Sample drug shoulder 1) Water with a pH of 4.0 2) Water containing 20% by weight of ethanol with a pH of 4.0 5)
# 4 Q z 4) I 60 t 5) I a o y 1, Black pine target drug layer Average time required Chemical damage 1) Not more than 3/4 --- 2) 9 hours --- 5) a # --- 4) 4 # + --- 5) 5 l 廿 ox Band 2 Cedar target drug layer Average time required Chemical damage 1) Inject more than 1/2 --- 2) 7 hours --- 5) 4 tr --- 4) 151 +-- 5 chemical target layer Average time required Chemical damage 1) 10 hours --- 2) 7 # --- 5) 5 tr --- 4) 5 # + + + Example 2 Solvent and chemical damage to 10-year-old yellow pine 50 t of solvent prepared as follows:
/d equivalent was injected in the same manner as in Example 1, and the time required for infusion and the situation of drug damage were investigated. The number of specimens and indication of chemical damage were the same as in Example 1.

Tested Hanazoku 1) pHa, no) x water containing 40% by weight of tanol 2)
I 60 # 3)〃 Methanol 4o 1 4) # # 60 # 5) tr Isocropanol 40 16) I r
6 0 t 7) t Acetone 4o 1 8) # 7 60 # 9) Water containing 40% ethanol and 3% nonionic surfactant 10) # Water agent containing 40% ethanol and 3% anionic surfactant by weight Layer Average time required Chemical damage 1) 4 hours --- 2) 55p ---15) 5 # --- 4) 4 l 10 廿 15) 5 # --- 6) N5# --- 7) 3 # - - + 8) 2.5 # 10 廿 廿9) 4 # + -+ 10) N5# + + + Example 3 Injection volume and drug damage 10-year life a -r 71CpH4,Oeta/-#40
Example 1 Equivalent to 50.100.150 t of water containing % by weight
The drug was injected using the same method as above, and the status of drug damage was investigated one month later. The number of specimens and indication of chemical damage were the same as in Example 1.

Test drug amount: 50 t/d --- 100 # --- 150 # - 11 Example 4 Injection volume and pine nematode control effect t 2 t 3 e 5 # 6-tetrahydro-6-
Phenylimidazo-(2,1-b)thousandazole hydrochloride was dissolved at 1.5% in pH 40 water containing 40% ethanol, and the equivalent of 10 tld was injected using a method using a head (1 m) pressure to dissolve it to 10%. The amount equivalent to 1.5 tld was injected into an ampoule type container. In both cases, injection was performed through two holes per T/C in late February. Approximately 50 pine nematodes were spotted in late June. OOOw* was inoculated, and in late November, dead water and abnormal water were investigated, and variations in the content of active ingredients in the five upper branches of five normal trees in each district were examined. Ten bottles were used in each section.

Injected liquid amount Normal water Tar abnormal water Dead graft Detected concentration Standard deviation 10tzW t 10# O# [1y 37.
5 24.6 Actual Example 5 pH and Pinus nematode control effect t -2,5,5,6-titrahydro-a-6-phenylimidazo-(2,1-b)thiazole hydrochloride in 40% ethanol-containing water The solution was dissolved at 3%, adjusted to the following pH values, and injected from 2 holes at KI in late February using a method using a head (1 m) pressure. In late June, we inoculated approximately 3 aaaa of pine tree nematodes, and in late November we conducted an investigation for dead and abnormal trees. There were 10 books in each ward.

Test chemical pn Normal rice Abnormal tar tree Damaged tree 2) 7
5 0 4) 10 0 0 6) 9 1 0 8) 7 s.

No treatment 001゜Example 6 Effect test on spider mites Cedar from the previous year's cedar seed garden with a high incidence of spider mites (diameter at breast height 10, height 2.5
The upper part was cut at m for seed collection) For K, Example 1
Ethylthioethyl (0,0-dimethyl s-(2-ethylthioethyl)phosphorothiolothioate) 150- dissolved in the /163 injection base at a concentration of 25 ppm was injected at one VC point at the end of April. 111k at about t/I
Q, 0058f/1 tree) Three months later, the number of damaged branches of the current year was investigated. (5 plants of each treatment) Example 7 Effect on chestnut blight disease 15 years ago Some chestnuts in the chestnut orchard had blackish browning of the epidermis of the trunk and branches, which was diagnosed as early stage disease of chestnut blight, and this treatment was applied. Thio7anatomethyl (4,4-
phenylenebis(3-thioallophanoic acid) dimethyl)
Combining 20 ppm, 50 tons per chestnut volume
lr? injection was performed in May (3 trees) The three chestnut trees that were not injected had a large number of yellow-orange brown small dot wart-like protrusions (fungal bodies) on the bark from the browning part of the lower stop in July. Although sagging occurred, no progress was observed in the three injected rods, and formation of yaw tissue was observed at the peripheral edge.

Hodogaya Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A large-volume drip injection method characterized by uniformly diffusing and translocating a drug diluted solution into a tree from the trunk or roots using a weakly acidic solvent consisting of a hydrophilic organic solvent and water.