JPS60226678A - Intermittent operation type multistage second class heat pump device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a chemical heat pump device that utilizes heat generation and heat absorption in a reversible adsorption/desorption reaction of a working gas. Heating using
It can supply hot water or industrial heat.

Conventional configurations and their problems Heat pump devices can be roughly divided into three types: compression type, absorption type, and chemical heat pump. The chemical heat pump according to the present invention has been attracting increasing attention in recent years from the viewpoint of effective energy utilization.

Chemical heat pumps are heat pumps that use phase change reactions to adsorb and desorb substances, and the working medium is metal hydrides, inorganic hydrates, organic substances,
Zeolite and other materials are being considered as such materials. Hydrogen is the working gas for these.

Water vapor, ammonia, etc.

Next, the configuration of a conventional heat pump device and its problems will be explained using a metal hydride as an example.

A typical conventional heat pump cycle exhibits the temperature/equilibrium pressure characteristics shown in FIG. Two types of metal hydrides with different temperature and equilibrium pressure characteristics are used, and the metal hydride (MHI) with low equilibrium pressure at the same temperature adsorbs hydrogen sufficiently. Metal hydrides (MH2) with high equilibrium pressure at the same temperature that have sufficiently desorbed hydrogen
), the hydrogen of MHL moves to 'h/iH2 (state B). At this time, MH2 generates heat due to an exothermic reaction, which is thrown away into the atmosphere.

Next, when MH2'i is heated at the temperature Tlvl (C state) and communicated with MHL from which hydrogen has been desorbed, hydrogen is converted from MH2 to MH2.
Move to l. At this time, MHI is warmed by the exothermic reaction and rises from TM degrees to TH degrees, and generates heat at the equilibrium temperature of MHL corresponding to a pressure close to the equilibrium pressure of MH2 at TM degrees (state D).

That is, by repeating the steps A-, B-, and CD, high-temperature heat at a higher TH temperature can be obtained from heat at the TM heat source temperature.

In this way, it is possible to use the second type heat pump device to output an output at a temperature higher than the primary heat source temperature, but it is also possible to use the second type heat pump device to heat the second type 2 heat pump device. A multi-stage type 2 heat pump device that obtains a high temperature has been proposed, in which the low temperature medium in the second heat pump cycle is heated by the same primary heat source as in the first heat pump cycle, and the high temperature medium in the second cycle is heated by the same primary heat source as in the first heat pump cycle. The output of the first cycle is used to heat the side medium. This method is excellent in that it can avoid an increase in the difference between high and low pressures, which has always been a problem in multi-stage systems.

FIG. 2 shows a cycle explanatory diagram of a two-stage second-class heat pump that precedes the present invention. In this figure, cycles A, B, C, D of page 5 1 are 1 in A and C.
It is heated by the secondary heat source and outputted by D. The second cycle is A
/ , 33/ , CI , D' and 1 at C'
A', heated by the secondary heat source, is heated by the output at D of the first cycle. A specific configuration for realizing such a two-stage cycle is shown in FIG.

The operation of this configuration will be explained. The metal hydride (MHl) on the high-temperature exothermic side of the first heat pump cycle is heated at TM degrees by k heat source 1, and the metal hydride (MHl) on the low-temperature exothermic side is heated at TM degrees by k heat source 1.
MH2) When the valve 2 is opened after cooling with outside air at an ITL degree, the hydrogen adsorbed in MHL moves to MH2. At this time, MH1 absorbs heat, and MH2 generates heat. This heat is dissipated by the radiator 3. (Hydrogen transfer to states A- and B in Figure 4), close this vent valve 2, stop heating from heat source 1 to MH1, and heat it with MH2' (i7 heat source 4 (TM degree)), the equilibrium pressure will change to PH. At this point, without continuing heating, when valve 2 is opened, the hydrogen gas moves to MHL.At this time, MH2
In MHL, an endotherm occurs, and in MHL, an exotherm of TH degrees is generated. In this case T)
Valve 2 of the piping that cools ' and connects MHI' and MH2'
When '' is opened and the heat generated in MHL is used to heat MH1' by the heat transport means 6, hydrogen in MH1' moves to MH2'. In order for this reaction to occur, of course, TL and MH2 are required.
Equilibrium temperature TM of 'MHI indicated by equilibrium pressure PLi'
'(A/temperature at point) is very different if it is lower than TH.

When hydrogen transfers from MH1' to MH2' in this way, MH1' absorbs heat and MH2' generates heat. The latter is discharged into the atmosphere by a heat sink 3'.

Next, valve 2' is closed and MH2' is heated by heat source e (TM degree), and the pressure rises to PH. If the valve 2' is opened here, hydrogen is adsorbed into the MH1' and heat is generated at TH' degrees. By extracting this through the ten-stage heat transport system, heat at a temperature TH/, which is much higher than the heat source temperature TM, can be obtained. T
H'-TM is nearly twice the temperature difference TH-TM in the case of one stage.

Now, in this device, the 7-peno heating by heat source 1.4.6 was explained using an independent heat source, but in reality, when extracting heat from one heat source, it is desirable to use as wide a temperature range as possible. . For example, in Figure 3, if MHL)i is heated from heat source 1 via a heating medium, the larger the difference between the sending and returning temperatures of the heating medium, the more effectively the heat will be used. In that case, the MHL will have a large temperature distribution within it, and some parts will not be heated, or the whole will gradually reach its maximum temperature, but the return temperature of the heating medium will become high, making it impossible to use the heat source effectively. Both are inconvenient.

As can be seen from the cycle diagram in Figure 2, in order to make the final stage heat generation temperature TH' as high as possible, it is necessary to increase the high pressure in this cycle, and therefore it is necessary to make the temperature of C' as high as possible. On the other hand, the heating temperatures of A and A' do not affect the output temperature as long as heat can be dissipated at TL.

Purpose of the Invention The present invention provides the multi-stage second type heat pump device, which includes:
The purpose is to effectively utilize the secondary heat source and to increase the high temperature output of the final stage as much as possible.

Structure of the Invention In the multiple type 2 heat pump device of the present invention, a working gas and two types of media capable of reversibly adsorbing and desorbing the working gas and having different temperature equilibrium pressure characteristics are each housed in a closed container divided into two chambers. This is a chemical heat pump device that utilizes heat generation and heat absorption during adsorption and desorption reactions of gases, and consists of at least two sets of heat pump cycles, in which the low-temperature side adsorption and desorption reaction medium, which has the same temperature and high equilibrium pressure, is heated by a heat source. , used as a second type heat pump cycle that obtains a temperature higher than the heat source temperature by adsorption to the high temperature side adsorption/desorption reaction medium with low equilibrium pressure, and the high temperature side medium of the first cycle that operates at a relatively low temperature operates. The adsorption reaction exothermic temperature when adsorbing gas is set higher than the desorption reaction heating temperature of the high temperature side medium of the second cycle which operates at a relatively high temperature, and the adsorption reaction of the first type 2 heat pump cycle is performed. 9. The working gas is desorbed from the medium on the high temperature side of the second type 2 heat pump cycle, and the heat generated on the low temperature side of the first and second type 2 heat pump cycles is radiated at the same temperature. A cycle in which heating is performed by the primary heat source of a two-stage (multi-stage) second-class heat pump device via a heat medium such as air or water to obtain the highest temperature, that is, the final stage cycle in the case of a multi-stage, low temperature The side medium is heated by the primary heat source using the hottest part of the heat medium.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS In order to obtain the highest possible temperature in a multi-stage second type heat pump, it has been found that it is effective to heat the low-temperature adsorption/desorption medium in the final stage high-temperature cycle to as high a temperature as possible. An embodiment for realizing this will be described.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention. This uses three sets of the basic configuration shown in Fig. 3, with aeb+cffi suffix added to each number, and 1 each of a, b, and c, resulting in three sets of 10 penos.

Now here is the heating heat exchanger for MH19. MH2 heating heat exchanger 10H2' heating heat heat exchanger, and in FIG. 3, heat sources 1, 4, and 6 are connected to this, respectively.
In Fig. 4, heat medium pipe 1 is connected in series with 9a-10b-110.
3a is connected, 9b is 9b-10cm11 a
, 9c is connected to 9 (+-10a-11b.

This is connected to one heat source 14 via valves 12a, 12b, 12a.

In this way, the heat source flows in the order of 9a, 1ob, and 110, so the temperature of the heat medium decreases in this order, and therefore, MH1,
The temperature decreases in the order of MH2 and MH2', and MH1 is heated to the highest temperature.Finally, the heating medium temperature is sufficiently lowered, so that the heat source can be used effectively. Furthermore, 6. b, c
The reason why all three sets of two-stage cycles were used and 9a-1ob-11c were intertwined with the heating medium piping was because MH1i is heated, then MH2, MH2 is heated, and then MH2' is reached.
a, b, c (j) By making the operation time lag by that amount, the heat medium piping with and are connected in series, and if the heat medium reservoir is installed after 9.10i, 3. Although it is not necessary to use three sets, since the output is only produced intermittently, it is more advantageous to use three sets like this in that the output can be taken out continuously, and the heat medium is used by the valves 12a, 12b,
By switching 12c, heat can be extracted continuously from the heat source 14, which is convenient. In the above example, the flow order of the heat medium was set to 9-10-11, but it was changed to 9-11-
You can get the same effect even if you set it to 10.

As described in detail of the invention, for example, among the four media of a two-stage second-class heat pump, the low-temperature side adsorption-desorption medium of the high-temperature generation cycle can be heated to a temperature closest to the heat source temperature.
The high pressure of the high temperature generation cycle can be increased as much as possible, the output temperature can be increased, and the heat source can be used effectively.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a cycle diagram of a conventionally known one-stage type 2 heat pump, Figure 2 is a cycle diagram of a two-stage type 2 heat pump, and Figure 3 is a block diagram of a device that realizes the heat pump cycle shown in Figure 2. FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an intermittent operating multi-stage second type heat pump device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Hydrogen gas valve for 2a, 2b, 2c, 2a', 2b', 2c', 3a, 3b, 3c, 3a',
3b', 3c'-...heatsink, complete a, complete, 7
c...Heat transport means, 9a. 9b, 9c, 10a, 10b, 10c, 11a. 11b, 11c... Heating heat exchanger, 12a. 12b, 12c---heat medium distribution valve, 13a, 1
3b. 13c... Heat medium piping, 14... Heat source. Agent Ujigami Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person, Fuki@wo station - Ward

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] Two types of adsorption/desorption reaction media capable of reversibly adsorbing and desorbing a working gas and having different temperature equilibrium pressure characteristics are housed in respective containers, and the working gas is moved between the respective media. Prepare at least two sets of chemical heat pump cycles that utilize the exothermic heat absorption of A second heat source that obtains a temperature higher than the heat source temperature by adsorbing the
The exothermic temperature of the adsorption reaction when the medium adsorbs the working gas is the same as the high temperature side of the second cycle, which operates at a relatively high temperature. The heating temperature for the desorption reaction of the medium is set higher than that of the medium, and the adsorption reaction heat of the first heat pump cycle is used to perform two-peno desorption of the medium on the high temperature side of the second heat pump cycle. Heating is performed by the primary heat source of an intermittent operating type 2 heat pump device with the heat radiation temperature on the low-temperature side being the same, via a heat medium, and the highest temperature part of the heat medium is placed at the low temperature of the cycle that produces the highest temperature. An intermittent operating multi-stage second class heat pump device used to heat the side medium.