JPS60204929A - Governor for internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the controlling performance at the time of high-speed operation from lowering by making the fulcrum position of a governor lever variable in the longitudinal direction of said governor lever and varying said fulcrum position in accordance with the negative pressure of intake air. CONSTITUTION:The top end part of a governor lever 58 is connected to the rear end part of the control rack 62 of a fuel injection pump 15 through a pin 61, a long hole 63 which is longer in the longitudinal direction of the governor lever 58, is formed in the intermediate part of the lever 58, and a pin 65 provided on the top end part of a variable lever 64 is fitted in the long hole 63. The variable lever 64 is connected to a diaphragm type actuator 80 which operates according to the negative pressure of intake air, to vary the fulcrum position of the governor lever 58 in accordance with the negative pressure of intake air so that the lever ratio is large when the negative pressure is large and the lever ratio is small when the negative pressure is small. Thereby, the controlling performance can be prevented from lowering, without need for increasing the thrust force of a governor weight at the time of high speed operation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a governor for an internal combustion engine, which is suitable for an all-speed governor that can freely change the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine.

(Prior art) In order to improve the low-speed performance required for all-speed governors, a configuration has been adopted in which, for example, the thrust force of the governor weight is increased to increase the control force of the fuel pump's fuel adjustment rack. There is. But in that configuration,
Because the thrust force in the high-speed range increases in proportion to the square of the rotational speed, problems with the strength of each member and bearing surface pressure increase.
Problems such as increased operating force may occur.

Therefore, a configuration may be considered in which the lever ratio of the governor lever is reduced to increase the acting force of the rack.

However, in that case, the problem arises that control in the high-speed range becomes sluggish and rotational fluctuations become large.

(Objective of the invention) To improve control performance at low speeds with a small governor capacity without increasing the thrust force of the governor weight,
Moreover, to provide an internal combustion i-opening governor whose performance at high speeds does not deteriorate.

(Structure of the Invention) The present invention provides an all-speed governor for an internal combustion engine, which includes:
The fulcrum position of the governor lever is made variable in the longitudinal direction of the governor lever, and the fulcrum is connected to a variable lever so that the fulcrum position can be changed by operating the variable lever. By connecting to an actuator that operates based on the change in intake negative pressure, the fulcrum position of the governor lever can be changed in response to the intake negative pressure so that when the negative pressure is large, the lever ratio becomes large, and when the negative pressure is small, the lever ratio becomes small. This is a governor for an internal combustion engine characterized by the following features.

(Example) In FIG. 1, an engine body 13 consisting of a cylinder head 11 and a cylinder block 12 has a cylinder center line C.
-C is installed in a vertically extending position. A case 16 of a fuel injection pump 15 is located on the L side of the engine body 13 across a narrow gap 14, and an intake manifold 17 is inserted into the upper part of the gap 14.

As shown in FIG. 2, the front end surface of the cylinder block 12 (
A gear case 2 is installed on the end surface opposite to the flywheel 20.
1 is fixed. The gear case 21 has a crankshaft 2
The gear case 21 houses a plurality of gears A7 (not shown) that connect the camshafts for intake and exhaust valves (not shown), etc.
A gear case lid 23 is fixed to the end face on the opposite side of the cylinder block 12. The gear case 21 protrudes, for example, to the right side from the cylinder knob 12, and the lJ side part 25
The case 16 is disposed on the front side of the cylinder tab 12 on the side portion 25. A governor case 26 is attached to the rear end of the case 16, and the gap 14 is also formed between the governor case 26 and the cylinder block 12.

As shown in FIG. 3, the fuel injection pump 15 is connected to the case 16
A fuel injection pump 15 is bolted to the periphery of the case 16. A camshaft 27 is housed in the lower half of the case 16 in a position parallel to the crankshaft 22 (FIG. 2). The camshaft 27 includes a cam 27a that drives the plunger of the fuel injection pump 15 from below. The front end 28 of the camshaft 27 is connected to the gear case 21
(Fig. 2)
(Fig. 2).

The camshaft 27 is rotatably supported by the case 16 via a ball bearing 30, and the camshaft 27 is supported by the case 16 via a ball bearing 30.
There are two governor shafts that protrude further to the rear. A threaded portion 31 is provided on the governor shaft 29 near the ball bearing 30, and the weight holder 32 is attached to the nut 3.
It is tightened by 3. The two governor shafts have threaded parts 31
The small diameter shaft portion 40 is provided with a small diameter shaft portion 40 that protrudes rearward from the small diameter shaft portion 40.
A cylindrical governor sleeve 41 at the right bottom is slidably fitted from the rear. The governor sleeve 41 is provided with an outward flange /12 at the front end, and a governor weight 43 pushes the outward flange 42 from the front during Isoseki operation. The governor weight 43 is arranged around the governor sleeve 41, for example, by three
The front portion and the outer circumferential portion of each portion are rotatably supported by a pin 45 radially outward of the outward flange 42 . Each pin 45 is attached to a weight holder 32
The arm 46 has an annular inner peripheral portion fixed by a nut 33.

The front end of a protrusion 51 provided on the front surface of the lower end of the guide lever 50 is in contact with the rear end of the outward flange 42 . The guide lever 50 is a member that generally extends in the vertical direction nj, and its upper end portion is rotatably fitted into a pin 52 in the left-right direction (in the direction of the stop angle in the drawing). The pin 52 is fitted into and supported by a hole 53 provided in the governor case 26, as shown in FIG. A tension lever 55 that extends generally in the vertical direction is fitted into the guide lever 50.
The upper end portion of is also rotatably fitted and supported by a pin 52.

A spring mechanism 56 having a built-in compression spring is provided at the lower end of the tension lever 55, and the lower end of the guide lever 50 is always biased forward by the spring mechanism 56.

Also, one part of the tension lever 55 is the governor case 2.
The head of the bolt 73 that is screwed into the female threaded portion 26a (FIG. 3) of No. 6 comes into contact with the head of the bolt 73, thereby restricting forward rotation.

A governor lever 58 is rotatably connected to both sides of the lower part of the guide lever 50 via two left and right pins 57. The governor lever 58 is a plate member, and a left side portion 58a and a right side portion 58b are integrally connected by a connecting portion 58C extending in the left-right direction. A link plate 60 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the left side portion 58a via a left-right bin 59, and as shown in FIG. It is connected to the rear end of a control rack 62 of the fuel injection pump 15 via a bin 61 . Also, in the middle part of the left side portion 58a (FIG. 4), there is a long hole 6 that is long in the vertical direction.
3 is formed, and a left-right bin 65 provided at the tip of a variable ratio lever 64 is fitted into the elongated hole 63. The rear end base of the variable lever ratio lever 64 is fitted and fixed to a shaft 66, so that the bin 65 slides within the elongated hole 63 as the shaft 66 rotates. Also, a governor spring 69 is stretched between a bracket 67 provided on the front of the intermediate portion of the tension lever 55 and the tip of the lever 68, and the base of the lever 68 is connected to the bin 7 in the left and right direction.
It is fitted and fixed at 0.

As shown in FIG. 4, the shaft 66 is rotatably fitted into a left-right hole 71 formed in the left side wall of the governor case 26, and a lever 75 is provided at the portion protruding from the governor case 26 to the outside. The base of the is fitted and fixed. The lever 75 extends downward from the shaft 66, and the front end of a link plate 78 is rotatably connected to the front end of the lever 75 via a left-right pin 77. As is clear from FIG. 3, the link plate 78 extends in the front-rear direction, and the front end of a rod 81 of a diaphragm acticoator 80 is rotatably connected to the rear end via seven bottles. ing.

The rod 81 also extends in the front-rear direction, and its rear end is connected to a holding plate 82 in the diaphragm actuator 80.
is fixed in the center. The diaphragm actuator 80 is divided into two chambers while maintaining airtightness by a diaphragm 83 at the center, and the center of the diaphragm 83 is fixed to a holding plate 82 . A coil spring 85 is contracted in the negative pressure chamber 84 at the rear of the diaphragm actuator 80, and the front end of the coil spring 85 is connected to the holding plates 1 to 8.
2, the holding plate 82 is constantly urged forward. A ventilation pipe 86 is provided at one end of the diaphragm type AC-cove 80, which connects to the negative pressure chamber 84, and the other end of the ventilation pipe 86 is connected to an intake manifold (not shown). One end of the diaphragm actuator 80 is fixed to a bracket 90 whose front end surface is a flat plate.
0 is fixed to the rear end surface of the governor case 26 by bolts 91. This allows the diaphragm actuator T-
The rotor 80 is located on the left side of the rear end of the governor case 26 (Fig. 4).
has been done.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the shaft 70 is rotatably fitted into a left-right hole 72 formed in the right side wall of the governor case 26. The base of the 1″ Collet lever 76 is fitted and fixed.

Next, the operation will be explained. During engine operation, the camshaft 27 in FIG. 3 is driven by the crankshaft 22 in FIG. 2 through a gear X7 (not shown), and the cam shaft 27 in FIG.

When the fuel injection pump 15 is driven, the governor weight 43 rotates and generates a centrifugal force.) The operator presses the sleeve 41 toward the protrusion 51 and presses the regulator. The lever 76 (FIG. 4) can be rotated to an appropriate angular position, and the lever 68 can also be rotated in response to the regulator lever 76. The lever 68 pulls the tension lever 55 in the fuel increasing direction M with an appropriate pulling force via the governor spring 69, and the tension lever 5
The spring is connected to the guide lever 50 via a mechanism 56 from the lower end of the guide lever 50.
Apply a force M in the same direction to . This force in the increasing ω direction is combined with the force in the decreasing direction from the bub sleeve 41 to act on the governor lever 58.
rotates around the bin 65 to an appropriate position, and the link play h60. The fuel injection rule m of the fuel injection pump 15 is adjusted to an appropriate value via the control lever 6. Further, when the engine speed starts to change due to changes in engine load, the force applied from the governor weight 43 to the guide lever 50 via the governor sleeve 41 changes, and the governor lever 58 moves to the link plate 60. control rack 62
Injection of fuel injection pump 15 through! ) JB> to maintain the engine speed at a predetermined value.

When operating the engine at low speed, rotate the regulator lever 76 (Fig. 4) and move the lever 68 to the lowest position with the ball II.
Place it in the S position. In this case, the governor spring 6
The tension of 9 is small. Therefore, the guide lever 50 can be easily moved in the reverse M h direction by the governor sleeve 41, so that the fuel injection II of the fuel injection pump 15 is maintained at a low level and the engine speed is low. On the other hand, if the engine speed is small, the negative pressure in the intake manifold is also small, so the negative pressure in the negative pressure v84 communicating through the tube 87 and the ventilation pipe 86 is also small, and the holding plate 82 is pushed by the coil spring 85 and It is located at the front.

In this state, the bottle 65 is located at the upper end of the elongated hole 63, and the lever ratio R1 (R1 = (L-11)/+1) is small, so the rotation of the governor lever 58 due to the thrust force of the governor sleeve 41' is limited. It's easy. Therefore, even when the rotational speed of the camshaft 27 is small and the thrust force of the governor sleeve 41 is small, the governor lever 58 sensitively rotates around the pin 65, and the rotational speed is accurately controlled. Here, 11 is the distance between the upper end connection center and the lower end connection center of the governor lever 58, and 11 is the distance between the center of the bottle 65 and the lower end connection center of the governor lever 58 in the position shown in FIG.

In order to change the engine speed, for example, by rotating the regulator lever 76 (FIG. 4) and rotating the lever 68 from the lowest speed position S to the highest appropriate position @F, the tension of the governor spring 69 increases. As a result, the guide lever 50 is strongly biased toward the fuel increasing direction M, and the fuel fill
The amount of fuel injected from the /I injection pump 15 increases and the engine speed increases.

As a result, the negative pressure in the intake manifold (not shown) becomes large, and it is passed through the Chicove 87 and the ventilation pipe 86 to the 61 JT chamber 84.
The negative pressure inside will also increase. As a result, the holding plate 82 overcomes the coil spring 85 and moves rearward f) IL;
The variable lever lever 64 also integrally rotates in the downward direction via the rod 81, link plate 78, lever 75 (FIG. 4), and shaft 66, and the bottle 65 moves within the elongated hole 63 to the lower end. In this case, lever ratio R2 (R2=(L-1)/
I2) is larger than the lever ratio R1. At this position, a stronger force is required to rotate the governor lever 58 than at low speeds, but since the camshaft 27 rotates quickly, the governor sleeve 41 is
The thrust force is large, and this causes the governor lever 58 to
rotates accurately. Also, since the lever ratio R2 is too large, the control rack 62 corresponding to the movement of the governor sleeve 41 is
The amount of movement of the fuel injection pump 15 is large, and the fuel injection amount of the fuel injection pump 15 can be controlled in a short time, so that it can be accurately controlled at 1II even at high speeds.
I control, and there is no problem of slow control in the high speed range.

Also, by arranging the lever 68 at an arbitrary position between the lowest speed position S and the highest speed position F, the governor spring 6
By changing the tension of 9, the engine speed can be changed arbitrarily. Since the negative pressure in the intake manifold also changes in proportion to the engine speed, the negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber 84 changes approximately in proportion to the engine speed. The backward movement Dω will change.

Therefore, the position of the bin 65 within the long hole 63 is changed one by one in response to changes in the engine speed, and a lever ratio suitable for the engine speed can be obtained. The relationship between the engine speed and the position of the bin 65 can be easily adjusted by changing the strength of the coil spring 5.

(Effect of the invention) The fulcrum position of the governor lever 58 (for example, the position of the bottle 65)
The governor lever is made flexible in the longitudinal direction, and the fulcrum is connected to a variable lever 64 so that the fulcrum position can be changed by operating the variable lever 64. It is connected to the Akubuco J-Y80, which operates based on changes in pressure, and changes the fulcrum position of the governor lever 58 according to the intake negative pressure, so that when the negative pressure is large, the lever ratio is large, and when the negative pressure is small, the lever ratio is Since the thrust force of the governor weight 43 can be changed to a smaller value, the control performance at low speeds can be improved with a small governor capacity without increasing the thrust force of the governor weight 43, and the performance at high speeds can be reduced. It is possible to create a governor for an internal combustion engine that does not have one.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway rear view schematic diagram of an internal combustion engine in which a governor for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention is adopted, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing H-H in FIG.
3 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view taken along the line 1--2 in FIG. 2, and FIG. 58...Governor lever, 64...Variable lever, 65...Bin (an example of a fulcrum), 80...Diaphragm type actuator (an example of an actuator) Fig. 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] The fulcrum position of the governor lever is made variable in the longitudinal direction of the governor lever, and the fulcrum is connected to a variable lever so that the fulcrum position can be changed by operating the variable lever. By connecting to an actuator that operates based on the change in intake negative pressure, the fulcrum position of the governor lever can be changed in response to the intake negative pressure so that when the negative pressure is large, the lever ratio becomes large, and when the negative pressure is small, the lever ratio becomes small. A governor for an internal combustion engine characterized by the following features.