JPS60175964A - Solar heat collector - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To permit to collect the solar heat highly efficiently with a comparatively simple and inexpensive device by a method wherein the evaporator of a heat pump is arranged at the downstream side of the radiating fin of heat pipe device and atmospheric air is sent by a fan. CONSTITUTION:When weather is fine, solar light permeates a transparent cover 2, is absorbed by the absorption film 7 of a heat collecting panel 6 and heats the evaporating unit 10 of the heat pipe device 9. Liquid operating fluid 13 in the evaporating unit 10 is boiled and evaporated by the heating and moves to a condensing unit 11 having slightly lower 12 by the fan 17 and the operating fluid 13 in the condensing unit 11 releases the latent heat of condensation. Liquefied operating fluid 13 returns to the evaporating unit 10 again and this circulation is continued as far as the sun shines. The circulating amount of operating fluid in the pipe of the heat pipe device 9 is decreased as the amount of sun shine is reduced and is stopped when a condition, determined by the amount of sun shine and an atmospheric temperature, has been brought, thereafter, an evaporator 14 absorbs the heat only from atmospheric air sent by the operation of the fan 17.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Techniques of the Invention and t1 Field] The present invention applies 14'J to a solar heat collector used as an evaporator of a solar heat pump device that performs hot water supply and space heating operations using solar heat and outside air heat as heat sources.

[Prior art]

(I [Since then, there have been various types of heat pumps using this kind of solar heat collector. One is a solar heat pump, as shown in KLI IIJ Gesho 52-151960 Public + Jun. It is a direct expansion type that uses only the collector as an evaporator.
When there is enough, heat the refrigerant liquid with solar heat and evaporate it.

When there is not enough sunlight on cloudy days or at night, the heat collector absorbs heat from outside through natural convection and evaporates the refrigerant liquid.

Another form of the iμ expansion formula is
As shown in Japanese Patent No. 141972, a collector for heat collection (1'4) and an outdoor coil for collecting outside air heat are used as an evaporator by switching between them.

Furthermore, as a type other than the direct expansion type, for example, 2
As shown in Publication No. 40758, water is passed through a solar collector using a circulation pump, heated by solar heat, and stored in a hot water storage tank.If necessary, this hot water is circulated to an air heat exchanger using the circulation pump, and then heated outside. There was a type that heated the air temperature and sent it to the outdoor coil of the heat pump device to increase the evaporation temperature.

However, the conventional fold-to-wall type that uses only the above-mentioned solar heat collector as an evaporator does not require a switching means for the cooling circuit and has a simple control means, but the collector easily absorbs heat from the outside air through natural convection. Since it is drawn bare, the heat radiation loss of the heat collecting fins increases. In particular, when using solar heat, the evaporation temperature (heat collection temperature) of the refrigerant liquid is set higher than the outside temperature to increase the coefficient of performance (COP), but the higher the evaporation temperature, the greater the heat radiation loss and the heat collection efficiency. decreases rapidly. Therefore, this type of heat pump equipment has a low heat collection efficiency, so although a low-cost collector can be used, a wide TOKYO HOT surface is required to obtain a certain level of heat absorption, which has the disadvantage of increasing the overall cost. Ta.

On the other hand, a device that uses a thick 1-reheat collector and an outdoor coil can achieve a high heat collection efficiency of 1q even if the heat collection temperature of the solar collector is set to 10 degrees higher than the outside temperature, It can efficiently absorb outside heat from the outdoor coil even when it is not in use. However, as an evaporator, an expensive solar collector and an outdoor coil must be installed separately, resulting in extremely high costs, problems with installation location, and multiple refrigerant piping.
There were many problems that needed to be solved, such as controlling switching valves, etc., and ensuring that the optimum refrigerant was available.

Furthermore, the type of heat pump device that uses hot water heated by the solar collector to warm the outside temperature to the outdoor coil of the heat pump device can heat the air efficiently even when there is no sunlight, and can increase the heating capacity. During freezing: There are many problems that direct expansion types do not have, such as running costs and maintenance of the circulation pump, complicated control of the heat collection circuit system, etc., and the entire device is bulky and expensive. was.

[Summary of the invention]

This invention was made in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional products as described above. Place a heated wedge plate.

Consisting of a plurality of heat pipes arranged along the inclination direction of the outer box, the bottom evaporating part of the heat pipe is fixed to the above-mentioned TON heat plate, and the upper condensing part protrudes upward from the upper end of the outer box, and a heat radiation fin is attached to this. A heat pipe device 1 is provided, and an evaporator of a heat pump device is arranged on the leeward side of the radiation fins of the heat pipe device.

By sending outside air with a blower to these songs, you can use a relatively simple and inexpensive device even on sunny days @Inu Samurai.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar heat collector that can collect solar heat or outside air heat with high efficiency even at night.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

1 to 5 are diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 1 is a 9111 side view, Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic sectional view of only the upper part, Figure 3 is a front view with a part of the radiation fin section omitted, and Figure 4 is a part of the evaporator of the heat pump device. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion taken along the line V--■ in FIG. 1. In the figure, il+ is the outer box.

(2) is a transparent cover such as a glass plate that closes the upper opening of this outer box, (3) is a gasket placed around this transparent cover, and (4) is a gasket that is held down from above.

A presser metal fitting for attaching the transparent cover (2) to the outer box fi+, (5) a heat insulating material placed on the inner bottom and inner surface of the outer box fi+, and (6) an inward heat insulating member ( 5), and was divided into multiple 11k plates along the inclination direction of outer 'i'i, i+t1. The V♂ heating plate (7) is formed from an aluminum extrusion material, and the absorbing film such as black coating is applied to the solar heat absorbing surface on the upper surface of this <% heating plate (6).
8) is the longitudinal direction (outer box il +
a heat pipe holding part provided along the inclination direction of
In (9), the two evaporator parts are press-fitted and fixed to the heat pipe holding part (8), respectively, and the upper condensing part (1υ is the outer box Il).
A heat pipe device consists of a plurality of heat pipes protruding upward from the upper end surface. (support) is a heat pipe equipped: f9) is a working fluid with a low freezing temperature sealed in each pipe, 04 is an evaporator of a heat pump device (the entire circuit is omitted) placed on the leeward side of the radiation fin Q2, ``a'' is the heat absorption fin made of a large number of aluminum plates that constitutes this evaporator (14), (LS is the evaporation tube that also constitutes the evaporator (1, 4), and αη is the heat radiation fin 02.
and an evaporator (141 is a blower that blows outside air; 0 is an outdoor coil case that houses this air, i, 'persimmon η, and the above-mentioned radiation fins 03 and evaporator 114). The above outer box IL+ should be arranged so that the transparent cover (2) faces south (north in the southern hemisphere).
': Installed at an angle.

The outdoor coil case a8 is in contact with the upper end of this outer box (1).

It is placed above this.

In the solar heat collector configured as described above, sunlight during clear weather passes through the transparent cover (2), is absorbed by the absorption film (7) of the heat collecting plate (6), and is absorbed by the evaporation part tll of the heat pipe device (9). heat up. Evaporation part (1) The liquid working fluid inside the rock boils and evaporates due to heating and moves to the condensation part 1111 where the pressure and temperature are slightly lower.
Outside air is sent by the operation of the blower (lη), and the working fluid Q31 in the condensing section (11) is cooled and condensed into liquid.
Releases latent heat of condensation. The liquefied fluid returns to the evaporation section QO on the first floor due to gravity, and this circulation continues as long as there is solar radiation. The air passing through the radiation fins 0 and having an increased temperature FA'i absorbs heat by the heat absorption fins in the evaporator 04 and evaporates the refrigerant flowing through the evaporation tube (le. As the number of pyranometers decreases, the heat pipe device (9 ) The circulating discharge of the working fluid inside the pipe decreases and stops when the outside temperature drops below a certain day.Then, the evaporator Q4
1 absorbs heat only from the outside air by blowing air several times.

The evaporation temperature at this time is generally a little less than 10°C below the outside temperature. On the other hand, 116 celestial hours & 1, evaporator α due to solar heat
The evaporation temperature increases because the suction rush of ooze is preheated.

In the above embodiment, the heat dissipation fins VR are integrated for multiple heat pipes, but they may be provided for each condensing part of each heat pipe.
ffj simply becomes. Further, the heat dissipation fins 116 may be formed by expanding and joining aluminum fins or by forming needle-shaped wound fins made of aluminum, for example.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the heat radiation fin 12 and the heat absorption fin α9
Although the two fins were constructed from separate members, the two fins may be integrated. In this case, the hairpin-shaped evaporation tube (if the IG is arranged is vertical).

In addition, in the above embodiment, the condensing part aυ of the heat pipe device (9) is arranged vertically, but it does not necessarily have to be vertical, and the heat pipe can be made straight without bending. The case θ scoop may be arranged on the same plane as the outer box (1), and a blower (lη) may be used to blow air in the direction F on the road.

2) When the intensity of solar radiation changes greatly in a short period of time, the temperature of the rush air to the evaporator α4) changes. 1IIL y The operation of the heat pump device may become unstable, but
The heat pump device can be operated more stably if 6) has a heat capacity or if a material 2 with a large heat capacity, such as a heat storage material, is placed on the lower surface of the heat collecting plate (6).

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, a heat pipe is attached to a heat collecting plate that is housed in an outer box whose top surface is covered with a transparent cover and whose inner bottom is covered with a heat insulating material, and which is placed on the cut-off material 5. The condensing part of the heat pipe is made to protrude from the upper end of the outer box, the radiating fins are attached to this, the evaporator of the heat pump device is placed on the leeward side of the heat pipe, and the outside air is supplied to these parts. Due to the simple structure of providing a blower, the driving force,
Uncontrolled, the solar heat collected by the heat collecting plate with high heat efficiency can be used in the evaporator of the heat pump device, and the heat pump device Q can be operated with a high coefficient of performance on sunny days. Heat can be collected well, and since a fluid with a low freezing temperature can be used as a heat pipe production fluid, it has various effects such as being able to prevent damage due to freezing in winter.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 5 are views showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a side view, FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic sectional view of only the upper part thereof, and FIG. 3 is a radiation fin of the same. FIG. 4 is a front view with some parts omitted, and FIG. 4 is a front view with some parts omitted of the evaporator of the heat pump equipment ffji. FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view 1 taken along the line v-- of FIG. In the figure, jflll is the outer box, (2) is the transparent cover,
(5) is a heat insulating material, (6) is a heat collecting plate, (9) is a heat pipe device, 01 is its evaporation part, [0 is a condensation part, and α is a radiation fin. Q4) is the evaporator of the heat pump device, (IQ is its heat absorption fin, and the same is the blower. The same reference numerals in the two figures refer to the same parts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] [11 The top surface is covered with a transparent cover and the inner bottom is covered with a heat insulating material.
1151 An outer box arranged obliquely, housed within this outer box, and placed on the heat insulating material. It consists of a heat collecting plate whose upper surface is a solar heat absorbing surface, and a plurality of heat pipes arranged along the direction of inclination of the outer box. A heat pipe device P? in which a lower evaporating section is fixed to the heat collecting plate, and an upper condensing section is provided so as to protrude from two ends of the outer box. , the radiation fin installed in the condensing part of this heat pipe device, the wind of this radiation fin 1' 8+! l
K Heat pump equipment (I) installed either integrally or separately
A solar heat collector characterized in that it is equipped with an upper generator and a blower that sends outside air to the evaporator and the upper d12 radiation fins. (2) The solar heat collector according to claim 2111, wherein a large heat cap material such as a solar heat storage material is disposed on the lower surface of the heating plate in contact therewith.