JPS60170123A - Contact material for vacuum breaker - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Technical Field of the Invention] This invention relates to a contact material for a void breaker that has excellent large current cutoff properties and high voltage resistance performance [Prior art] Due to its advantages such as non-polluting properties and excellent shutoff performance, its range of applications is rapidly expanding. In addition, along with this, there is a growing demand for higher voltage resistance and larger shear current capacity. - The performance of a vacuum breaker is greatly determined by the contact material inside the vacuum container. As a satisfactory characteristic of vacuum breaker grade Jf class, ti
ll, large breaking capacity, (21 high withstand voltage, (31 small contact resistance, (4) small welding force, (5) small contact wear, (61 breaking current value) (a) Good workability, (8) Sufficient mechanical strength! It is quite difficult to satisfy all of these characteristics with standard contact materials. In general, materials are used that satisfy the characteristic sound that is particularly important depending on the application, while sacrificing other characteristics to some extent. Conventionally, this type of contact has been made of copper. - Bismuth (Cu- (hereinafter expressed as 3i). Alloys consisting of other elements and combinations of elements are similarly expressed with element symbols.), Cu-Cr-B15Cu-co -Bl, Cu-
Cr etc. were used. However, in the case of an alloy contact entirely containing a low melting point metal such as Cu Bi, a part of it diffuses and evaporates from the contact part due to high temperature heating during the evacuation process, and adheres to the metal shield or insulating container in the vacuum container. This is one of the major factors that cause the vacuum breaker to completely deteriorate withstand voltage. Furthermore, during load switching or large current interruption, evaporation and scattering of the VC'% low melting point metal occur, resulting in deterioration of withstand voltage and deterioration of interruption performance. Cr has excellent vacuum withstand voltage to eliminate the above drawbacks. Even in Cu-Cr-B1'fx with additives such as Co, the above-mentioned drawbacks due to low melting point metals cannot be fundamentally solved, and high voltages and large currents cannot be handled. -10,000, Cu
-Metals with excellent vacuum withstand voltage such as Cr (Cr s
A material consisting of a combination of copper (co, etc.) and Cu, which has high electrical conductivity, is slightly inferior to a material containing all low melting point metals in terms of welding resistance, but it has excellent breaking performance and withstand voltage performance. Therefore, it is often used in high voltage and large current ranges. Furthermore, in Cu-Cr alloy etc.
, Since there are limits to L and breaking performance, the shape of the contact? Efforts have been made to improve the breaking performance by manipulating the entire current path of the contact to generate a full magnetic field and using this force to forcefully drive a large current arc. However, the demand for higher voltages and higher currents is even more severe, and it has become difficult to fully satisfy all of the required performance with conventional contact materials. Furthermore, in order to reduce the size of vacuum breakers, conventional contact performance is not sufficient, and contact materials with superior properties have been sought. [Summary of the Invention] This invention was made to eliminate all of the drawbacks of the conventional products as described above, and provides a contact material for a nitrous nitride breaker that has excellent large current blocking properties and high withstand voltage properties. The entire purpose is to do so. We handle CuVC, various metals, alloys, and intermetallic compounds.
We made prototypes of all of the contact materials we had developed, incorporated them into a vacuum breaker, and conducted a variety of experiments. As a result, Cu contains at least 1% of CO and F as other fractions, as well as A/total, each containing elemental metals, alloys, intermetallic compounds, and
It was found that the contact material distributed as a composite of these materials has extremely excellent breaking performance. The contact material for a vacuum breaker of the present invention contains Cuk, and also contains at least one of Co and pgO in total of 5 to 3
0: Contains in the range of 11%, and contains A7 in the range of 3% by weight or less? It is a feature.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Hereinafter, the one-smile legend meeting diagram of this invention will be explained. Figure 1 shows the structural teeth of the switch tube, and the vacuum insulation container (1
”, the end plate (2
1 and (31).
) and (81) are electrode rods 161 and (7), respectively.
They are arranged at one end so that they interrogate each other. The electrode (7) is connected to the end plate 131 via a bellows (81r).
The joints are joined to allow axial movement without complete loss of airtightness. The inner surface of the vacuum insulating container +11 and the bellows (81) are covered, respectively, so that the seals)++i++ and (101) are not contaminated with vapor generated by the arc.
k Shown in Figure 2. Electrode (6: is the electrode rod (7) on the back side
Brazing material (51) is inserted and brazed. The electrode (41° (51 is made of the Cu-based contact material according to the present invention). The results of the Vcs measurements and all tests will be explained below. Figure 3 shows the weight of Co lk f 20 in the alloy. t showing the relationship between the amount of Af added and the cutting capacity fixed at %
Therefore, conventional products (Cu
It can be seen that the breaking performance is significantly improved compared to the 26 wt% Co alloy. 'I! The trough amount shows a decreasing trend ◎ That is, Co and AI in Cu! coexist and their interaction completely increases the cutting performance, but beyond a certain level AI! f
When fi increases, Cu and AI! is generated in large amounts, such as compounds, and the electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of the Cu matrix are significantly reduced, making it difficult to quickly dissipate the heat input by the arc. Moreover, the alloy made of Cu and Al is AI! The tendency for the melting point to decrease as the amount increases, 1/C
Excessive metal evaporation from contact surfaces. This occurs because these factors combine to reduce the interrupting property In. This phenomenon is especially true when the Al content is 3% by weight? If it exceeds it, VC becomes very noticeable. When using for large current, AI! The most desirable range is 0.5 to 1 M%, where the shear capacity is at its peak (i.e., 1.5 to 1.6 times that of the conventional product). Cu of the product -20% by weight C. All ratios are shown with the value i1 of the breaking capacity of the alloy, and the horizontal axis is A
I! Indicates the amount added. FIG. 4 similarly shows the relationship between the amount of M addition 7IrI and the electrical conductivity. As is clear from the figure, when Alit is less than 1% by weight, there is almost no difference from the conventional product (Cu-20% by weight Co alloy), but when the amount added is more than l'ifi%, there is a tendency to decrease, and the amount of 3N is less than 3%. If you exceed it, it will get worse. In other words, AI! If the amount exceeds 3% by weight, it will have an adverse effect on the load switching and energization of the circuit breaker.
The amount of Calo salt added is preferably 3% by weight or less. moreover,
It is preferably contained within a range of 1% by weight or less, where there is almost no decrease in electrical conductivity. In addition, the vertical axis of Figure 4JS4 is the conventional product (Cu-20 wt%C
Figure 5 shows the same 1cAj? What is the relationship between the amount added and hardness performance (Hardness Performance Body) and Voltage Resistance 1 (B)? It shows. As is clear from the figure, IcAl! When it is less than 1% by weight, the hardness increases only slightly, and when it exceeds 1% by weight, the hardness gradually increases. This means that the amount of AJ compound produced is A11ili.
This shows that when the amount exceeds 96, the hardness increases to the extent that it contributes to an increase in the macroscopic hardness of the contact surface. - 10,000, voltage resistance performance is unrelated to the hardness increasing curve (the performance increases as the Al content increases. This shows that even in the range where the amount of HP compound produced is not so significant (AJ amount IN amount % or less), the contact point This clearly shows that the microscopic composition and structure consisting of each element in the total bottom have an influence on the withstand voltage performance.In addition, the withstand voltage performance in the range where the amount of AI! exceeds 1% by weight is the macroscopic one. This may be due to the increase in hardness. However, the increase curve of withstand voltage performance shows that compared to the rapid increase below Af' of 3% by weight, the increase after exceeding 3% by weight of Af' gradually slows down. The vertical axis in Figure 5 is the conventional product (Cu-2
All ratios are shown as hardness and withstand voltage values 'kl of 0fi amount % CO alloy). The inventors also experimented with alloys in which the amount of y2c6 was varied as shown in Figure 3.
Is the peak of the breaking capacity between 0.5% and 0.5% of the IN amount? I found it. So AI! From experiments in which CaH2 was fixed at 0.7% by weight, it was clear that V
It became C. In other words, it was found that the breaking performance of the conventional product (cll-20 wt% Co alloy) was completely improved when C0ff1 was 30 g% by weight or less, but when -1000% was less than 51% by weight, Due to insufficient welding resistance and withstand voltage, it was unsuitable for use as a breaker contact. Therefore, the amount of CO is 5 to 30% by weight.
range is desirable. In addition, some or all of the above experimental Co
Almost the same results were obtained by changing the length by 1 cm. Therefore, the desirable range for at least 41 species of SCO and Fe is 5 to 3% ON. Although not shown, -B 1 % Te is added to the above alloy.
s5bsAt least % of Tl, Pb, Ss%Ce and Ca, at least % of one low melting point elemental metal, its alloy, its intermetallic compound, and its oxide, 1
It has been confirmed that a contact for a low shear vacuum breaker in which less than 2% by weight of seeds is added has the same effect of increasing the breaking performance as in the above-mentioned example. At least one of a low melting point metal, its alloy, its intermetallic compound, and its oxide? When it was added in an amount of 20% by weight or more, the breaking performance decreased significantly. Further, when the low melting point metal is Ce Rui or Ca, the properties are slightly inferior. In addition, the inventors have prepared a mixed powder containing a sufficient amount of the above-mentioned metals for the contact material for a vacuum breaker of the present invention in a total vacuum, in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and in a reducing atmosphere. Can it be obtained by sintering, and does it have the above characteristics?
I fully confirmed that I have it. It has also been confirmed that the above characteristics can be obtained even more effectively when pressure sintering and extrusion are all applied as sintering methods in vacuum, in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and in a reducing atmosphere. That is, the pressure sintering method is specifically carried out by hot pressing, hot isostatic pressing, etc., and it is possible to obtain a contact material with extremely high hardness.
This is because it can effectively improve the breaking performance and voltage resistance of the entire cage. In addition, the extrusion method allows the structure of the contact material to be uniformly extruded, and the effectiveness can be determined depending on the type and amount of the attachment material, but various factors such as breaking performance, withstand voltage performance, and electrical conductivity can be achieved. It is more effective than sexual competition. [Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, at least one of the circles of Co and pe contains articulation and other parts.
Contains a total of 5 to 30% by weight of seeds and 13% by weight or less of A/'. The benefits of contact materials for circuit breakers can be seen.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a typical vacuum switch tube.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the electrode part in Fig. 4M1, and Fig. 3 shows changes in the amount of Al added and the cutoff capacity when the weight of Co is fixed at 20% by weight in the contact material of one embodiment of the present invention. The characteristic diagram and gKJ diagram shown are AI when the total weight of Co in the contact material of one embodiment of this invention is fixed at 20% by weight! Characteristic diagram showing changes in addition amount and electrical conductivity, No. 5
The figure shows changes in the amount of Al added and the hardness and withstand voltage when the weight of CO in iC of the contact material iC according to an embodiment of the present invention is fixed at 20jt%. The characteristic diagram shown is Ruru. In the figure, 111...Vacuum insulation container% +21.1
31... End plate, 141, 151... Electrode, 161
, 171... Electrode rod, (8)... Bellows, 191
゜(Iol... Seal F, (51)... Brazing metal, (
A)...Hardness properties, (B)... Voltage resistance properties. In addition, do the same symbols in the figure represent rows or corresponding parts? Show ○ Agent Masuo Oiwa Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 AQ Ushio〃υ1 (1 obstacle) 1/! -4 force 171 (tf *) Fig. 5 Al Harukado (1t)

Claims (1)

[Claims] il+ Contains articulation and at least one of cobalt and iron circles as other components? 5 to 303 (7-point material containing 0.5-303% of aluminum and a range of 0.5 to 1% aluminum or less) for vacuum breaker contact material. A contact material for a vacuum breaker according to claim 1. (31 bismuth, tellurium, antimony, thallium, lead,
At least one of selenium, cerium and hycalcium
At least % of low melting point single metals, their alloys, their intermetallic compounds, and their oxides, 1st class 20%! 9
The contact material for a vacuum breaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains 6 or less vi.