JPS60168904A - Hydraulic circuit of pilot control system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to instantaneously change the control system of control levers by enabling the collective switching of direction switch valves installed in pilot pipe lines by use of the switching mechanism programmed by each company in the subject circuit suitable for use in a civil engineering and construction machinery. CONSTITUTION:In a hydraulic circuit used for mutually changing the control systems of X company and Y company, pilot valves 21A-21H operated by control levers 11, 12 controllable in the directions of A-D and E-H respectively are connected to pilot controls 22a-22h of the main direction switch valve to operate each actuator by use of pilot pipe lines 23A-23H. Pipe lines 23B and 23G; 23A and 23H; 23C and 23D; 23D and 23E; 23A and 23D; and 23B and 23C are connected by direction switch valves 25-30 respectively. By collectively switching these direction switch valves 25-30 using a switching mechanism programmed by each company, it is possible to change the control system of the control levers 11, 12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pilot-operated hydraulic circuit suitable for use in civil engineering and construction machinery such as hydraulic excavators, hydraulic cranes, and hydraulic pull dope i, and particularly relates to a pilot-operated hydraulic circuit suitable for use in civil engineering and construction machinery such as hydraulic excavators, hydraulic cranes, and hydraulic pull dope i, and in particular, the present invention relates to a hydraulic circuit of a pilot operation type that is suitable for use in civil engineering and construction machines such as hydraulic excavators, hydraulic cranes, and hydraulic pull dope i, and in particular, This invention relates to a pilot-operated hydraulic circuit in which the operating method of the operating lever can be shared.

Generally, this type of civil engineering/construction machinery has an engine control lever in the driver's cab that controls the starting rotation speed of the engine.
5 operating levers, consisting of 2 operating levers that control the left and right running motors; 1) 2 working operating levers that control the actuators of operating equipment such as the traveling motor, seal, crane, etc. Of these, each work operation lever is configured to operate a plurality of actuators (usually two).

Therefore, among civil engineering and construction machines according to the prior art, a hydraulic door bell is taken as an example, and a method of operating each work operation lever will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

Fig. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a hydraulic excavator to which the conventional technology is applied, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the operating direction of each operation lever, and Fig. 3 is an illustration showing the operating direction of the operating lever according to Company X's specifications and each Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the operating direction of the operating lever and each actuator according to the specifications of company Y, and Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the relation between the operating direction and each actuator according to the specifications of company Z. FIG.

In FIG. 1, l is an undercarriage, and 2 is the undercarriage l.
A revolving superstructure 3 is a working device provided on the revolving superstructure 2, and has a driver's cab for two people. Here, the working device 3 is composed of a seam 4, an arm 5, a packet 6, etc., which are operated by a boom cylinder 7, an arm cylinder 8, and a packet cylinder 9. 10 is a turning motor for turning the upper revolving structure, 11.12 is a working operating lever provided in the driver's cab 2A', and one operating lever 11 has operating directions A, B, C, and D. However, the other operating lever 12 has operating directions E, F, G, and H.

In addition, in the following explanation, the dumping operation of arm 5 will be referred to as a.
1 cloud movement is b, left turning movement of the turning motor 10 is C1 right turning movement is d, raising movement of seam 4 is 6,
The lowering operation will be described as f, and the cloud operation of packet 6 will be described as g1 dumping operation as h.

However, as shown in Figure 3, Company Y's operating lever 11.1
The relationship between the operation direction A-H of 2 and each cylinder 7° 8.9° and the rotation motor 1O is that the A direction is arm danzo a,
B direction is arm cloud b1 C direction is turning left a, D direction is turning right d1 direction is boom up 11"l F direction is boom down f, G direction is packet cloud gs H direction is packet dump h. It has become.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the operating lever 11 of Company Y
．． The relationship between the 12 operating directions A-H, each cylinder 7.8.9%, and the swing motor 10 is that the A direction is a packet dunzo h, the B direction is a packet cloud g, the C direction is a boom up e, and the D direction is a boom down f. , E direction is Arm Danzo a
, F direction is arm cloud b, XG direction is turning left c1H direction is turning right d.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG.
The relationship between the operating directions A-H of 2, each cylinder 7° 8.9, and the swing motor 10 is that for only the operating lever 11, the A direction is swinging left c, the 33 direction is swinging right d, and the C direction is arm cloud b1D. The direction is arm dump a,
The operating direction of the operating lever 12 is the same as that of the Y company shown in FIG.

In this way, even if we take a hydraulic excavator as an example, the operating directions A to H of the operating levers 11 and 12 and the direction of each cylinder vary depending on each company. , 8, 9 and the operating direction of the swing motor 10 are different from each other. For this reason, operators who are accustomed to the operating method of hydraulic excavators of one company may find it difficult to operate the operating method of another company's hydraulic excavators because they are unfamiliar with it, and it is also dangerous. The reality of excavators is that they have improved their own operating system to Sensha's operating system based on user requests. It has the disadvantage that it is extremely inconvenient when operated by multiple operators who are accustomed to different operating methods, or when leased by a leasing company to unspecified persons.

The present invention was made in view of the problems and drawbacks of the prior art described above, and it is possible to replace a directional valve, such as an electromagnetic directional valve, which is pre-assembled in a /4' pilot pipe with a switch programmed by each company. The object of the present invention is to provide a pilot-operated hydraulic circuit that can instantaneously switch the operating mode by switching all at once using a mechanism.

In order to achieve the above object, the configuration adopted by the present invention is as follows:
a plurality of actuators, a main direction switching valve for controlling the drive direction of each of the actuators, a pilot valve operated by operating valves to control the six main direction switching valves, and the pyro 9. 4' pilot piping that connects the pilot control valve and the pilot operating portion of each of the main directional switching valves, and in the middle of the pilot piping, the connection direction of the pilot piping is switched. A directional switching valve is provided, and by switching the directional switching valve in a predetermined combination, the operating method of the operating lever can be changed.

By configuring as described above, by switching the directional control valves provided in the middle of the pilot piping according to a predetermined combination, Company By equipping each company with a pre-programmed switch mechanism, it is possible to instantly change the operation method by operating a changeover switch installed in the driver's cab, etc. can.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9. Note that the same components as those in the prior art described above are given the same reference numerals and their explanations will be omitted.

First, FIG. 6 shows a hydraulic circuit principle diagram when the operating method of company Y shown in FIG. 3 and the operating method of company Y shown in FIG. 4 are mutually changed.

In FIG. 6, 21A, 21B, ... 21H are four pilot valves operated by operating levers 11.12;
22a, 22b, . . . 22h are pilot operating portions of the main directional control valves that operate each actuator; 23A, 23;
B, . . . 28H are pilot pipes connecting these, and 25, 26, 27, 28° and 29.30 are directional valves, respectively. Here, the directional switching valve 25 is provided between the main pilot pipes 23B and 23G, and the directional switching valve 26
is provided between the pilot piping 23A and 23B, the directional switching valve 27 is provided between the pilot piping 230 and 230, the directional switching valve 28 is provided between the pilot piping 23D and 23E, and the directional switching valve 29 is provided between the pilot piping 23D and 23E. Nof Iro, G piping 23A
, 23D, and the directional control valve 30 is provided between ? It is provided between the pilot pipes 23B and 23E. Each of the directional control valves 25 to 30, for example the directional control valve 25, is a 2-position, 4-port electromagnetic directional control valve as shown in FIG. Piping 23B.

When 23G is connected directly and switched to the switching position (B),
Connect between the inflow side of the main pilot pipe 23B and the outflow side of 23G, and between the inflow side of the pilot pipe 23G and the outflow side of 23B. The same applies to the other directional control valves 26 to 30.

In addition, in FIG. 6, the pilot valves 21A, '21
B.

...21H's European letters A, B, ...H are operating lever 1
1°12 shows a pilot valve which can be switched by operating it in the operating directions A, B, . . .
Subscript a of h.

b,...h also arm dan chisel 1 arm cloud b,.

. . . Indicates the pilot operating portion of each main directional switching valve used in the Pake, Todan fh, etc., and corresponding subscripts are used for these.

Thus, by setting each of the directional control valves 24 to 30 to the non-switching position (a) shown in FIG.

The valves 21A, 21B, . . . 21H are directly connected to the pilot operating portions 22m, 22b, .

As a result, by operating the operating lever 11 in the A direction, the pilot valve 21A is activated, and the pilot pump f (
Pressure oil from the pyro (not shown) is supplied from the pyro.

It is supplied to the pilot operating portion 22 & of the main direction switching valve which is to operate the arm cylinder 8 in the dump direction through the toe piping 23A, and causes the arm 4 to operate in the arm dump direction a. In addition, by operating the operating lever 11 in the direction B, the pilot valve 21B is actuated, and the pilot pilot valve 21B is operated.
Pressure oil from the main directional control valve is supplied via the pilot pipe 23B to the 29 pilot operating portion 22b of the main directional switching valve which is to operate the arm cylinder 8 in the cloud direction, and causes the arm 4 to operate in the arm crack b direction. The same applies to the following.

On the other hand, when each of the directional control valves 24 to 30 is switched to the switching position ←) shown in FIG.
The operation method is based on the specifications of Company Y as shown in the figure. That is, 21
A → 24 → 23G → 22g121B → 24 → 23G, 2
1C → 230 → 26 → 23D → 28 → 23E → 22@,
210 → 23D → 26 → 23C → 27 → 23F → 22f
, 21E−+ 23 K −+ 28−+ 23 D
−+ 29−+ 23 A −+ 221.

21F → 23F → 27 → 23C → 30 → 23B → 22b
, 21G → 23G → 24 → 23B → 30 → 23C → 22
C1 further 21H → 23I (→25 → 23A → 29 → 2
3D→22d, and the connection relationship is similar to that shown in FIG. 4.

Next, Fig. 8 shows a hydraulic circuit principle diagram in which the operating methods of the two companies can be changed mutually, in addition to the case where the operating methods of Company X and Company Y shown in Fig. 6 are mutually changed. be.

That is, in FIG. 8, the same components as in FIG. 6 are given the same reference numerals, and in this case, in addition to the hydraulic circuit in FIG. 6, there is a pilot pipe 23B.

A directional switching valve 31 may be provided between 23C and a directional switching valve may be provided between the pyro and tom pipes 23C and 23D.

With the hydraulic circuit configured in this way, Company
To change to the operating method of directional control valves 24 to 28.
30 is held in the non-switching position (a), and the directional switching valves 29, 3 are
1. Switch only 32 to the switching position (b). Accordingly, 21A→23A→29→23D-+32-+23C-
+22a, 21 B-+23 B-+31→23C→3
2→23D→22d, 21C→31→23B→22b,
210 → 23D → 29 → 23A → 22d, respectively, and the connection relationship is similar to that shown in FIG. 5.

In addition, when changing Company X's operation method to Company 2's operation method,
Directional switching valves 29, 30, and 32 may be used instead of switching the directional switching valves 29, 31, and 32, and in the case of such a circuit configuration, the directional switching valve 31 can be omitted.

Thus, in order to change the operating method of Company X or Company Y to the operating method of Company 2, the directional control valves 24 to 28°30 are set to the non-switching position (A), and the directional control valves 29°31. 32
This can be done by switching to the switching position (b).

In this case, in order to use the operation method of Company X, the directional control valve 24
- 32 to the non-switching position (A)
0 to the switching position (b), and a switch mechanism to switch the directional control valves 29, 31. The operating method can be instantaneously changed by pressing three changeover switches provided in the operator's cab 2A of the upper revolving structure 2 in FIG.

Next, Fig. 9 shows a concrete hydraulic circuit that allows the operating methods of Company X, Company Y, and the two companies to be mutually changed. The operation of the motor 10 will be specifically described. Note that the same components as in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals, and their explanations will be omitted.

However, 41, 42, 43.44 are the left and right switching positions (
3 positions 6 and N having a), (b) and a neutral position f→
-), the main direction switching valve 41 operates the packet 9, and includes a pilot operating section 41g that operates the packet 9 toward the packet and cloud g side, and a pilot operating section 41g that operates the packet 9 toward the packet and cloud fh sides. Yailot operation section 41
h. The main direction switching valve 42 operates the poom 7, and has a pilot operating portion 42e for operating the poom 7 toward the boom-up e side, and a pilot operating portion 42f for operating the boom toward the boom-lowering f side. The main direction switching valve 43 operates the arm 8, and has a pilot operating section 43m that operates the arm 8 toward the arm 7'a side, and an A' pilot operating section 43b that operates the arm 8 toward the arm cloud b side. Furthermore, the main direction switching valve 44 is for operating the swing motor lO, and includes a /4' pilot operating section 44a for turning left C and a pilot operating section 44 for turning cloth d.
It has 4d.

45 is a pump, 46 is a tank, 47 is a supply pipe that supplies pressure oil from the pump 45, 48 is a return pipe, and each of the main directional switching valves 41 to 44 forms a tandem circuit with respect to the supply pipe 47. It consists of

49.50 shows a four-way valve operated by operating levers 11.12, one of which has switching positions 49A, 49B, 49C, 49D, and one of which has switching positions 49A, 49B, 49C, 49D; 50 is a switching position 50E.

It has 50F, 50G, and 50H.

51.52, 53, 54, 55.56 indicate directional switching valves, and directional switching valve 51.52.53 is a 2-position 8-port electromagnetic directional switching valve having a non-switching position (a) and a switching position (b). The directional control valves 54, 55, and 56 are 2-position, 4-port electromagnetic directional control valves having a non-switching position (a) and a switching position (b).

On the other hand, 57A, 57B, 57C, 57D, 57E.

57F, 57G, and 57H indicate pilot pipes, and one end of each of the /4' pilot pipes 57A to 57H is at a switching position 49A to 49D of each pilot valve 49.50.

50g to 50H, and the other pilot pipe 57A
, 57B, 57G, and 57H are connected to the inflow side of the directional control valve 51, and pilot pipes 57C, 57D, and 57H are connected to the inflow side of the directional switching valve 51.
The other ends 7E and 57F are connected to the inflow side of the directional switching valve 52.

58A, 58B, 58C, 58D, 58K.

58F, 58G, 581 (also indicates pilot piping)
One end of the four-way piping 58A, 58B is connected to the direction switching side, and the other end thereof is connected to the inflow side of the directional switching valve 53. Pilot piping 58g.

One end of 58F is connected to the outflow side of the directional switching valve 52, and the other ends thereof are connected to each pilot operating section 42, 42f of the main directional switching valve 42 for the boom. One ends of the pilot pipes 58G and 58H are connected to the outflow side of the directional switching valve 51, and the other ends thereof are connected to the inflow side of the directional switching valve 54.

Also, 59A, 59B, 59C, 59D, 59G.

59H also shows 1,000 yen piping, pilot piping 59
One end of A, 59B, 59C, 59D is connected to the outflow side of the directional control valve 53, and the other end is connected to the pilot pipe 59A, 59.
The other end of B is connected to the inflow side of the directional switching valve 55, and the other ends of the main pilot pipes 59C and 59D are connected to the inflow side of the directional switching valve 56, respectively.

A? One end of Iro, G piping 59G, 59H is the directional control valve 5.
4, and the other ends of these are connected to each 74? of the main directional control valve 41 for packets. Ilot operation part 41g, 41h
is connected to.

Furthermore, 60A, 60B, 60C, and 60D are also available! Illot piping is shown, and the mother Ilot piping is 60A.

One end of 60B is connected to the outflow side of the directional switching valve 55, and the other end is connected to each side of the main directional switching valve 43 for the arm.
It is connected to the operation section 43 and 43b. Further, one ends of the pilot pipes 60C and 60D are connected to the outflow side of the directional switching valve 56, and the other ends thereof are connected to respective pilot operating portions 44a and 44d of the main directional switching valve 44 for the swing motor.

In addition, in FIG. 9, each main direction switching valve 43, 44.

42.41 each pilot operation section 43m, 43b.

44c, 44d, 42e, 42f, 41g+41h.

The subscripts a, b, ...h are the arm dump a1 in Fig. 1.
The subscripts corresponding to the packet dangling h are used. Further, each switching position of the pilot valve 49° 50 is 49A to 49D, 50E to 50H.

Pilot piping 57A-57H, 58A-58H.

The European letters A, B, . . . H of 59A to 59D, 59G, 59H, 60A to 60D correspond to the operating directions A, B, . . . H of the operating lever 11.12.

The present embodiment is configured as described above, and its operation will be described below.

First, in order to use the operation method according to the specifications of Company . As a result, for example, by operating the operating lever 11 in the direction A, the master pilot valve 49 is switched to the switching position 1iiA, 57A → 51 → 58A → 53 → 59A → 55 → 60A.
→43m is connected. As a result, the main direction switching valve 43 for the arm is switched to the switching position (B), and the pressure oil from the cylinder 45 is supplied in the direction of contracting the arm cylinder 8.
Then, the arm 5 is moved to the arm Danzo a side. Hereinafter, even if the operating levers 11 and 12 are operated in other directions, the operation can be performed in accordance with the specifications of Company X shown in FIG. 3.

Next, in order to change the circuit configuration from the one according to the specifications of company X mentioned above to the one according to the specifications of company Y, each directional valve 5
Each of the solenoids 1 to 56 may be energized at the same time to set the switching position (b). As a result, by switching the pilot valve 49 to the switching position using the operating lever 11, for example, j5.57A→51→58G→54→59H→41h are connected.

This causes the packet main directional switching valve 41 to move to the switching position (
b) Pressure oil from the cylinder 45 is supplied in the direction of reducing the packet cylinder 9, and the packet 6 is
Activate it on the Todanzo h side. Below, the operation lever 11.
Similarly, when 12 is operated in the other direction, it can be operated according to the specifications of Company Y shown in FIG.

Furthermore, in order to change from the operating system according to the specifications of Company Y or Company Y to the operating system of the two companies, it is only necessary to switch only the directional control valves 53 and 56 to the switching position (B).

As a result, by switching the pilot valve 49 to the switching position A using the operating lever 11, for example, the switch 57A→51
→58A→53→59D→56→60C→44e are connected. As a result, the main direction switching valve 44 for the swing motor is in the switching position (A), and the swing motor 10 can be turned to the swing pressure C side. Move the operating lever 11 to B, C, D.
Similarly, when operated in the direction shown in FIG. 5, it can be operated according to the specifications of the two companies shown in FIG. In addition, operation lever 1
When 2 is operated in the E, F, G, and H directions, there is no difference from the specifications of company Y.

In the embodiments, a hydraulic seal was described as a typical example to which the present invention is applied. As long as it drives a plurality of actuators, it can be applied not only to hydraulic cylinders but also to other civil engineering and construction machines such as hydraulic cranes and hydraulic bulldozers. In this case, only one operating lever may be used, or the present invention may be applied to equipment that uses three or more levers.

Furthermore, in the embodiment, an electromagnetic directional valve is used as the directional valve, but a hydraulic directional valve or a pneumatic directional valve may also be used. Further, the number of directional switching valves, switching mode, etc. can be selected as appropriate depending on the operating method, and are not limited to those in the embodiments.

The hydraulic circuit for the arm pilot operation method according to the present invention is as described in detail above, and includes a pilot arrangement connecting between the arm pilot valve and the main direction switching valve. By providing a switching valve and switching the directional switching valves in a predetermined combination, one device can be changed to multiple operating methods, so it is possible to operate a switching switch installed in the operator's cab, etc. You can instantly change the operating method just by doing so. Therefore, the operating method can be easily changed to one that the oiler is familiar with, and it is also convenient for leasing companies and the like.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 5 relate to the prior art; Figure 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a hydraulic excavator to which a pilot-operated hydraulic circuit according to the prior art is applied; Figure 2 shows the operating direction of the work operating lever. An explanatory diagram, Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the operating direction of the operating lever and each actuator according to Company Y's specifications, and Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the operating direction of the operating lever and the relationship between each actuator and each actuator according to Company Y's specifications. An explanatory drawing, Fig. 5 is an explanatory drawing showing the relationship between the operating direction and each actuator according to the specifications of the two companies, and Fig. 6 is an explanatory drawing showing the operating method of company Y shown in Fig. 3 and the operating method of company Y shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram showing specific examples of each directional control valve in Fig. 6, and Fig. 8 is a hydraulic circuit principle diagram when changing the operation method of
In addition to the case where the operation methods of Company and Company Y can be changed mutually, the hydraulic circuit principle diagram that allows the operation methods of the two companies to be changed mutually,
FIG. 9 shows a specific hydraulic circuit diagram that allows the operating methods of the two companies, X, Company, and Y, to be mutually changed. ■...Lower traveling body, 2...Upper rotating body, 3...Work device, 4...Boom, 5...Arm, 6...Packet, 7...Boom cylinder, 8... ...Arm cylinder, 9...Packet cylinder, lO...Swivel motor, 11.12...Work operation lever, 21A, 21
B, 21C. 21D, 21E, 21F, 21G, 21H...flat pilot valve, 22m, 22b, 22c, 22d. 22s, 22f, 22g, 22b.-=4 pilot operation parts, 23A, 23B, 23C, 23D, 23E. 23F, 23G, 23H... Pilot piping, 24゜25.26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31゜32...
- Directional switching valve, 41, 42, 43.44... Main directional switching valve, 43m, 43b, 44c, 44d. 42e+42ft41g+41h-・" Pilot control section, 49.50...Pilot valve, 51,52゜53
．． 54.55.56... Directional switching valve, 57A. 57B, 57C, 57D, 57, 57F, 57G. 57H, 58A, 58B, 58C, 58D, 58E. 58F, 58G, 58H, 59A, 59B, 59C. 59D, 59G, 59H, 60A, 60B, 60C. 60D...Pilot piping. Patent Applicant Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Kazuhiko Hirose Naoki Nakamura tJ Figure 2 Wataru Eba Otsu Natsuoka Figure 5fJ1 Figure 8

Claims (1)

[Claims] A plurality of actuators, a main direction switching valve for controlling the drive direction of each actuator, a pilot valve operated by an operating lever for controlling the soil loading direction switching valve, and the pilot valve and each main direction switching valve. In the hydraulic circuit of the pilot operation method, which is composed of a pilot pipe connecting the pilot operation section of the pilot operation section 1. A directional switching valve for switching the connecting direction of the pilot piping is provided in the middle of the pilot piping, and by switching the directional switching valve in a predetermined combination, the operating method of the operating lever can be changed. Operation method % type %