JPS60162858A - Softening processing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION ←) <Technical Field> The present invention relates to an apparatus for softening textile heavy materials. More specifically, the present invention relates to a softening processing device comprising a pair of rolls, a metal roll having a protrusion on its surface and an elastic roll equipped with a smooth elastic body.

←) <Prior Art> In recent years, there has been an effort to improve the performance, multifunctionality, and special functionality of all kinds of heavy fiber materials such as fiber fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, and paper, and they have been subjected to various processing. One of these processes is softening process. This softening process includes a method of softening the tissue by applying chemicals such as oil treatment and resin processing, a method of softening the tissue by applying a chemical such as oil treatment and resin processing, a method of raising the tissue with a needle, a file, a saw blade, etc., a mechanical softening method of partially destroying the tissue, and a push bending process. , methods of fatigue deformation of the structure such as straight cutting between rolls and repeated bending are known, but there are -long, -short,
In particular, there is no known good means of ``methods for softening without contamination with foreign substances or major changes in basic physical properties.''

Specifically, in oil processing methods and resin processing methods, chemicals and resins may fall off or change in quality during the dyeing process or during use, and become a source of contamination that is undesirable during use.

Therefore, such a method has the disadvantage that it is not suitable for applications where the use of substances other than the paste material is disliked. In addition, when using double-edged sanding, rasping with a file, saw blade, etc., and partial destruction of the tissue, single threads are cut in various places, so at the same time as softening occurs, the tensile strength of the fabric decreases considerably. I end up.

Furthermore, with the indentation bending method, roll rubbing method, and repeated bending method, regular folds and wrinkles remain in the running direction of the fabric, and anisotropy occurs both vertically and horizontally in softening. It also comes with defects. In addition, in order to achieve sufficient softening, a considerable amount of force or number of cycles is required, resulting in fatigue of the entire fiber and a decrease in tensile strength. It also has the disadvantage of being quite large.

The present inventors have focused on these points, and as a result of intensive research into efficient softening processing means and devices, they have discovered the softening processing device of the present invention.

Object of the Invention In other words, the object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, to minimize tissue destruction and fatigue, and to avoid significantly impairing the basic physical properties of the base fabric such as tensile strength. The object of the present invention is to provide flexible and efficient processing means and equipment.

2) <Structure of the invention> The flexible processing device according to the present invention also has a top surface that is 1Ow.
Metal rolls with a hardness of 5.
This is an apparatus for softening a material in the form of a hanging fiber cloth, which is comprised of a pair of elastic openings and holes equipped with a smooth elastic body having an angle ranging from 0'' to 90° over the entire surface.

(e) <Specific explanation of the structure of the invention> The apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail below. In Figure 1,
The main parts of the flexible processing device according to the present invention are shown. Here, l
2 is a metal roll with protrusions (hereinafter referred to as a protrusion roll); 2 is an elastic roll equipped with an elastic body (hereinafter referred to as an elastic roll); 3.4
5 is a gear for setting the speed ratio V6/V 1 , and 5 is an air cylinder for setting the linear pressure P. A fiber cloth hanging material (hereinafter referred to as a "fabric material") is subjected to a softening process by passing between a protruding roll and an elastic roll with a difference in roll surface speed. Note that this fabric-like material includes not only fabrics such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and non-woven fabrics, but also sheet-like materials such as felt, interlining, and paper, as well as artificial leather and leather.

The shape and arrangement of the protrusions of the protrusion roll constituting a part of the flexibility processing device of the present invention can be arbitrarily selected, but the cross-sectional shape of the top of the protrusion may be circular, oval, square, rectangular, triangular, etc. However, the side shape of the top may also be
It may be either a flat surface or a curved surface. However, in order to reduce damage to the fibers, it is preferable that the edges be rounded by 0.05 Rm or more. The effective surface area of the top of this protrusion should be in the range of 0.09 to 4 +w'', more preferably 0.1+++ m'' to 2.2 mm, in order to perform appropriate softening. Protrusions with a substantial surface area of less than 0.03 tm" will become bottle-shaped and will seriously damage the fibers, while protrusions with a surface area of more than 4" will be too wide and will cause uneven processing, making it difficult to properly soften the fibers. In addition, the distance between the protrusions (pitch)
It is necessary to set the length to 101 m or less, preferably to 1 to 5 stages, in order to perform appropriate softening processing. This interval is 1
If it exceeds 0 m, sufficient machining cannot be obtained and local machining unevenness occurs.

This protruding roller is preferably made of hard steel in terms of its function and durability, and is preferably subjected to various hardening treatments such as chrome plating or surface nitriding treatment.

The elastic roll may be made of paper, fiber felt, plastic, elastomer, gem, etc., but durable rubber is most preferred. Specifically, they are polyurethane rubber and styrene-butadiene rubber. In addition to durability, it is also preferable to add auxiliary materials such as Rikizen Black and zinc oxide to adjust hardness. In addition, hardness, which is one of the important factors for softening, is determined primarily by the material used, but it also depends on the amount of the above-mentioned auxiliary materials added,
Particularly in the case of rubber, the desired hardness can be achieved by controlling the degree of crosslinking by increasing or decreasing the amount of crosslinking agent. The hardness of this elastic roll is 50° to 900 from the viewpoint of softening.
More preferably, the angle is 60° to 7o0 for proper softening. When the hardness is less than 50°, the material used is too soft and has poor durability, making continuous operation difficult. On the other hand, if the hardness exceeds 90', the width of the joint with the protrusion cannot be widened, the processing area is small, and sufficient softening processing cannot be performed.

Incidentally, the core of the elastic roll is made of metal in order to drive the roll and keep the linear pressure constant in the width direction, and only the processed surface is made of an elastic material. The thickness of the elastic material is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of durability and economy, a range of 3 m to Sow is appropriate.

The hardness is measured by using a spring-type hardness tester standardized in JIS-6301 and reading the scale of the pointer. Since the surface smoothness of the elastic body becomes rough to the level of matte finish due to processing, there is no need to limit the smoothness at the time of installation. It may be within the range of "visually smooth" according to common sense.

Next, the device for setting the speed ratio between the rolls may be a gear using a gear as a drive means for each roll, or may be a set of V pulleys or timing pulleys, or the gear may be a chain gear, A system in which both rolls are driven in conjunction with a chain may also be used. Of course, so that the speed ratio can be changed, the gears, pulleys, etc. at the end of the roll must be removable and replaceable with different numbers of teeth and outer diameters. The processing speed for fabric-like objects varies depending on the fabric-like object to be processed and the degree of flexibility desired, but in general, the processing speed is 1 to 300 m.
It is preferable to set it within the range of /1llII.

Also, it is not essentially important which surface speed should be higher, the protruding roll or the elastic roll. The relative speed ratio is important, and only increases or decreases the actual processing speed in production. In the present invention, the surface speed of the protruding roll is defined as the processing speed, and the value obtained by dividing the surface speed of the elastic roll by this speed is determined as the speed ratio. Note that this surface velocity ratio is 0.9
If it exceeds 5, the softening process will not be sufficient, and if it is less than 0.5, the fabric will be severely damaged, and it is unsuitable.
．． A range of 95 is desirable as the surface velocity ratio.

Furthermore, the processing pressure generated between the protruding roll and the elastic roll can be adjusted by micro-sliding one of the bearings of both rolls to set a constant surface interval, and inserting a fabric-like material between them. It can be processed by a spacing method, or it can be processed by a constant pressure method in which spring force, air force, hydraulic pressure, pressure, or gravity is applied. Compared to the constant interval method, the constant pressure method is less affected by changes in the thickness of the treated object and causes less damage to the fabric and rolls, making it a more preferable method. The linear pressure between the two is preferably in the range of 5 to 5 OKf.

This is because if the linear pressure is less than 5K9, there will be substantially insufficient flexibility, while if it exceeds 50Kg, the fabric will be seriously damaged, causing fluffing or a decrease in strength.

As a practical limitation other than the above, the actual diameter of each roll is 50 to SOOφf from the viewpoint of strength and practical use in fabrics.
iFl'L. The diameter ratio of each roll does not necessarily have to be the same diameter of 1, and combinations of different diameters from 0.1 to 10 are possible. It is also useful to consciously choose a large diameter difference when you want to emphasize the difference in the softness between the front and back sides of an extremely delicate fabric.

With such a device, the action of combing and fir #1 comb is performed locally on the fabric, and a considerable amount of loose yarns and free loops are actively created in the fibers between the partial joints of the fabric. As a result, a fabric-like article is produced in which the single fibers connecting these partial bonds have a relaxation ratio of 20 or more and a surface loop napping rate of 20 or more.

As described above, the fabric obtained by the apparatus of the present invention not only has sufficient strength and good moldability, but also exhibits excellent flexibility, which was not achieved with conventional fabrics. It has become possible to apply it to various purposes.

Examples include shoe base fabric, clothing interlining, synthetic leather base fabric,
These include vehicle and other various interior materials.

The methods for measuring various characteristic values used in the examples of the present invention are as follows.

Relaxation System Ratio (P) Take an enlarged planar photograph at an appropriate magnification, e.g. For each yarn, it is calculated as the value (ratio) of the number of single yarns with a slack of 10% or more (relative to the straight line) divided by the total number of single yarns. As a general rule, the yarn length is measured on a photograph along the curve. In addition, since usually a circular arc is drawn, draw a straight line from the photo of the single fiber connecting both ends, measure the perpendicular distance from the straight line of the apex of the arc that is further away from the straight line, and calculate the pre-calculated 10 qb longer. The determination can be made by comparing the yarn length with that of the arc.

In addition, if the fabric weight is large and the number of fibers is too large, draw an arbitrary line within the set square frame, trace the fibers that are almost perpendicular to that line, and measure the degree of relaxation. . In general, if a method is adopted in which at least N=20 or more are randomly selected within one square frame, loose spinning wheels will come out fairly accurately.

That is, in the enlarged plane photograph of the fabric-like article surrounded by a square in FIG. 2, 6 is a partially bonded portion, and 7 is a single fiber in a non-bonded portion. Now draw an arbitrary line of YYo and make a fiber almost perpendicular to it, 3'1 F! ...yn and about 2
Select 0 or more and mark them.

Next, trace the locus of each single fiber one by one on translucent paper and copy it, and compare it to the set field of view frame or section, and make sure that the loose yarn is more than lo% at the height H of the bulge of the approximate arc. Please judge. When there are two or more circular arcs as shown by A n B n, it is sufficient to check each arc and determine by approximate calculation whether the entire length is correct or not.

The method of measurement is to express the degree of napping of a loop-shaped single fiber per unit.
Mark a sample 8 with a width of 1 cm, fold it in half as shown in Figure 3, magnify the tip using a microscope, and count the number of raised hairs 9 protruding from the surface of the entire 1 m width. (
Count as one loop for one loop. ) Most measurements can be made by projecting light from the side. (The things that are popping out are
It looks shiny. ) In addition, if there is only a slight amount of protrusion, it is determined whether the top of the loop is clearly separated from the horizontal line on the surface by at least three times the single yarn diameter when viewed diagonally or from the side. Once confirmed, it is possible to make a judgment based on surface observation.

Strength: Measured according to JIS-L-1068 (slip-lip method) and expressed as a value per unit width and area weight. (For directional items, use the vertical and horizontal average values.) The 3% stress value of the stress-elongation curve obtained from the 3% elastic modulus strength measurement is
It is expressed as unit elongation, width and elongation, and value per basis weight.

The stress value of elongation at 1/2 of the intermediate modulus of elongation at break is expressed as a unit elongation, a white square, and a value per area weight.

Next, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples.

(F) Comfortable Example〉 Example 1 Polyester long fiber uezzo (single yarn 1d, basis weight 30/m”) obtained by the spunsend method was
A nonwoven fabric partially bonded by thermocompression was obtained by processing between a concavo-convex roll having an A-turn heated to 0.degree. C. (ends depth 0.4 m) and a metal roll with a flat surface. This non-woven fabric is then heated to a height of 0.4cm and a spacing (pitch) of 3m at room temperature.
A linear pressure of ls Kg/m was applied between a concavo-convex roll having a 062-circular apex pattern and an elastic roll made of butadiene rubber with a hardness of 70°, and a speed ratio of 0.8 was applied to both rolls. A nonwoven fabric of the present invention was obtained by performing a softening process.

The processing speed is 50fn/*+++. Next, Table 1 shows the differences in performance with known partially thermocompression bonded nonwoven fabrics.

The nonwoven fabric produced by the apparatus of the present invention has almost no change in strength and fluffing compared to known fabrics, and as shown in the 3% elastic modulus, bending resistance, surface texture and tactile evaluation, relaxation spinning wheel, and surface loop yarn napping degree. In addition, it has excellent adaptability.

jノ, 1”;,,-.

The elastic modulus ratio is expressed as the ratio between the above 3qb elastic modulus and the intermediate elastic modulus.

The zero bending resistance was measured according to JIS-t, -1085 (cantilenose method). Surface texture judgment is ○...
Soft, Δ...Slightly soft, ×...Hard,
It is expressed as

and judge. Grade 5 has no fluff, and Grade 4 has slight fluff. Grade 3 has noticeable scattered fluff. Grade 2 has noticeable fluff. Grade 1 is extremely fluffy all over.

Example 2 Nylon-6 long fiber uezo obtained by spunbonding method (single yarn 1.5 d, basis weight 1 so 17 m) was
The process was carried out between a patterned uneven sail (ender depth 0.8 mm) heated to 90° C. and a flat-surface flattening roll to obtain a partially thermocompressed nonwoven fabric. This non-woven fabric was then placed at room temperature between a protrusion roll with a 0.4 mm square pattern at the apex and an elastic roll made of urethane rubber with a hardness of 60', which was arranged in a bleached roll with a protrusion height of 0.3+m and a pitch of 2. Linear pressure 2 o K17cm and speed ratio of both rolls 0
4 was applied to obtain a nonwoven fabric of the present invention. The processing speed is 30m/Im. Next, the performance was determined in the same manner as in Example 1.

The results are shown in Table 2. 1 Just below 1 Example 3 Processed nonwoven fabric was made using the same equipment and under the same conditions as Example 2, except that only the material of the elastic roll was changed, and the hardness was 40 degrees and 5 degrees.
Processing was performed by changing the angles to 0°, 60', 80', and 900.95°. The performance of the obtained nonwoven fabric is shown in Table 4.

As a result, it was found to be effective in a hardness range of 50' to 90'. 24. Go to:, 1, 1 Example 4 Example 1 was prepared using the same device as in Example 1, except that the dimensions and spacing (pitch) of the protrusions were varied as shown in Table 4. Using the same spun-in-woven nonwoven fabric, the linear pressure was 1 s.
The softening process was carried out by applying a speed ratio of 0.8 to both rolls. The resulting processing range and arrangement is at least 10m.
Spacing within + (Example 5) A spunlace-type nonwoven fabric (fabric weight 40 x 7 m) made of cellulose fibers by high-pressure wire water jet using copper/ammonium dissolution method, so-called cupro method, was prepared using the same protrusion date as in Example 2.
Processing was carried out using a roll and an elastic roll, with a linear pressure of 8 Ktl and a speed difference of 0685 between both rolls. The resulting processed and unprocessed fabrics were each attached as a liner for a floppy disk, and 20+1jl of Ryukakusan microparticle powder was applied.
The fifth test was to compare the cleaning performance by measuring the amount of particles remaining on the disk surface after 10 hours of idle operation.
It is a table. (The smaller the value, the higher the ability to absorb only the goba with a soft touch and store it internally, meaning that there are fewer errors in signal attendance.) Table 5 As a result, the present invention It is clearly seen that the fabric that has been softened has a soft touch and absorbs moisture well, and has a high internal storage and retention capacity.

Example 6 Commercially available artificial leather (trade name Lamousse: 0.5 d/Kameno made mainly of Liesdel fibers) was processed using the same equipment as in Example 1, applying a linear pressure lo K of 17 cm and a speed ratio of 0.8. Processed. The flexibility of the obtained artificial leather (Kantelenow value) is about 30% higher than that of unprocessed leather.

(G) <Effects of the Invention> As described above, the apparatus according to the present invention exhibits extremely effective processing effects, particularly for spunlace type nonwoven fabrics. It can also be used to improve the properties of all kinds of planar structures such as other general fabrics (for example, cherry blossom taffeta, various knitted fabrics, felt, etc.), fiber interlining sheets (for example, artificial leather, leather, etc.), and paper. It is a very versatile and useful device because improved products suitable for its intended use can often be obtained.

Although this usefulness was limited to just a few examples in the above examples, it is possible to improve the flexibility and feel of the material without impairing the basic mechanical properties (tensile strength, etc.) of the original material. It is amazing what improvements can be made to the texture.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the basic configuration of the softening processing device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a relaxed spinning wheel measuring method, and Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a surface loop yarn napping measurement method. It is a diagram. 1... Metal roll, 2... Elastic roll, 3.4...
- Gear for speed change, 5... Air cylinder, 6... Partially joined portion, 7... Single yarn fiber in unbonded portion, 8... Sample, 9... Napped. Patent applicant: Asahi Kasei Industries, Ltd. Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A metal roll having protrusions on the entire surface with a substantial surface area of 0.0 to 41 at intervals of at least lO A softening processing device for textile heavy materials consisting of a pair of elastic rolls equipped with elastic bodies on the entire surface.