JPS60150915A - Wire-cut electric discharge machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To machine a workpiece having a complicate shape with high accuracy by installing a power source circuit for applying the machining voltage pulses between the workpiece and an electrode and a central processing unit for controlling the operation of each constitution element. CONSTITUTION:A first machining head 6 is loaded onto a first saddle 5, and a second machining head 33 is installed onto a second saddle 32. The relative position of each machining head is properly set. The angle formed by a wire electrode laid in straight-line form between the first machining head 6 and the second machining head 33, or an electrode 62 in tape or net form and a vertical line and the way of transfer can be varied, and a workpiece 53 can be machined into complicate shapes.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus.

Unlike normal machining, which applies mechanical force directly to the workpiece, electrical discharge machining equipment applies a voltage pulse between the workpiece and an electrode, and utilizes the electrical discharge phenomenon that occurs at that time. This is contact processing.

Therefore, as long as it is a conductive material, it is possible to process any complex or minute shape regardless of its hardness or toughness, and the force applied to the workpiece and electrode is significantly lower than that of mechanical processing. Because it is small, it can easily process thin plates, tubes, and thin wires.

In particular, wire-cut electrical discharge machining equipment does not require electrodes of a specific shape compared to die-sinking electrical discharge machining equipment, and since deionized water is used as the machining fluid, there is no risk of fire, and it can be operated unattended all night. In addition, it is widely used for processing through-type dies such as punching dies and extrusion dies because it reduces manufacturing costs and shortens manufacturing time.

Therefore, the configuration of many conventional wire-cut electrical discharge machining devices is such that a column is fixed on a base in the X-axis direction, and a pair of arms are provided horizontally in parallel to each other. A wire electrode is stretched between the machining heads so that it can be continuously fed in the axial direction, and one end of the wire electrode is attached to a cross slide table on the base at a position corresponding to the machining head, and the workpiece is moved horizontally in the XY direction. It provided processing feed.

However, since the workpiece is usually made of a material with a high density such as steel or cemented carbide, the weight of a particularly large workpiece becomes excessive. In processing equipment, it is very difficult to apply the desired processing feed to the workpiece using a cross slide table, and this configuration not only leads to a decrease in processing accuracy, but also increases the movement range of the workpiece, making it difficult to install. There were many problems such as the space required.

In order to solve this problem, for example,
As described in 97@ publication and others, various devices have been proposed in which the workpiece is fixed or the workpiece is movable only in the X and Y uniaxial directions, but conventional devices of this type is from the processing head to one side and the other side of the workpiece (
A long wire electrode guide such as an L-shape extending to the back surface is required, and the problems of the conventional method have not yet been solved.

The present invention has been made based on the above-mentioned viewpoints, and its purpose is not only for normal processing, but also for processing, for example, conical shapes, truncated conical shapes, or any curved cross section including the axis of rotation. We can process various types of rotating objects with contours, columnar objects with complex shapes, screws, threaded gears, propellers, screws, and other airfoils, and even large workpieces can be processed with high precision. An object of the present invention is to provide a wire-cut electrical discharge machining device that can perform the following operations and is compact in its entirety.

The above purpose is to provide a machine base, a first cross slide supported movably in the X-axis direction on the machine base, and a first cross slide supported movably in the Y-axis direction by the first cross slide. a first saddle provided with an electrode guide, a machining liquid supply nozzle, and a power supply device, a first machining head provided on the first saddle, an electric motor for moving the first cross slide; An electric motor for moving the first saddle, an encoder for detecting the position of the first cross slide and the position of the first saddle, a column provided on the machine stand, and the column. a second cross slide supported movably in the X-axis direction at a position facing the cross slide; a second saddle guided by the second cross slide and movable in the Y-axis direction; and an electrode guide. , a second machining head that is equipped with a machining liquid supply nozzle and a power supply device and that is attached to the second saddle facing the first machining head; and an electric motor that moves the second cross slide; A workpiece is attached between an electric motor that moves the second saddle, an encoder that detects the position of the second cross slide and the second saddle, and the first and second processing heads. an electrode supplying and collecting device for supplying a long flexible electrode to one of the first and second processing heads and collecting it from the other; A device for supplying machining fluid into the machining head, a power supply circuit capable of applying a machining voltage pulse between the workpiece and the electrode, and a central control device capable of controlling the operation of each of the above components. This is achieved by configuring.

Hereinafter, the details of the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of the wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the second machining head portion.

In Figure 1, 1 is the machine base, 2.3 is the column, and 4 is the machine base 1.
a first cross slide supported movably in the X-axis direction on the top, 5 a first saddle supported movably in the Y-axis direction on the first cross slide 4; 7 is a nozzle holder, 8 is a nozzle, 9 is a bag nand, 10 is a die, 11 is a first processing head provided on a saddle 5;
12 is a power supply bottle, 13 is a spring, 14 is a rubber valve, 15 is a machining fluid supply hole, 16 is a pulley, 17.18 is a motor for moving the first cross slide 4, 19.
20 is an encoder that detects the position of the first cross slide 4, 2L22 is a rail, and Yari is the first saddle 5.
23a is a shaft thereof; 24 is a shaft 23 of the motor for moving the first saddle 5;
a feed screw coupled to a; a plummer block holding a bearing rotatably supporting the feed screw 24;
26 is an encoder that detects the position of the first saddle 5, 27 is a rail provided on the first cross slide 4, 28.29 is a rail provided on the column 2.3,
30 is a rail 28.2 provided on the column 2.3.
9 in a position facing the first cross slide 4,
A second cross slide supported movably in the X-axis direction, 31 a rail provided on the second cross slide 30, 32 guided by the second cross slide 30 and moved in the Y-axis direction. freely supported second saddle, 3
3 is a second machining head attached to the second saddle 32 facing the first machining rod 6; 34 is a nozzle; 35 and 36 are power supply bins; 37 is a machining fluid supply hole; A rubber valve, 39 a die, 40.41 a motor for moving the second cross slide 30, 42.43 an encoder for detecting the position of the second cross slide 30,
44 is a motor for moving the second saddle 32;
a is its shaft; 45 is a shirt of the motor 44 that moves the second saddle 32; 44 is a feed screw connected to a; 46 is a plummer block that holds a bearing that rotatably supports the feed screw 45; 47 is an encoder that detects the position of the second saddle 32, and is a brake roller and cap that acts as a brake roller when the motor is stopped and as a capstan when the motor is rotating. Stan, 49.50 is a pinch roller, 51 is a capstan, 52 is the above-mentioned column 2.
3, the hanging was passed and the central part was pierced, the loading table, 53
54 is an electrode supply device; 55 is an electrode collection device; 57 is a pulley; 58 is a workpiece mounted on the document table 52;
．． 59 is a capstan, (capital), 61 is a pinch roller,
62 is a wire electrode, tape-like or mesh-like electrode, 6
3.64 is a spring, 65, 66, 67 and 6B are guide rollers, and 69.70 is a tension roller.

Rails 21.22 are attached to the machine base 1, and the first cross slide 4 is mounted on the rails 21.22. A female thread is attached to both side wall portions of the first cross slide 4, and a feed screw connected to the shaft of a motor 17.18 is engaged with the female thread, and as the motor 17.18 rotates, the feed screw is engaged with the female thread. Move on the table 1 in the X-axis direction. Further, the moving position is sequentially detected by encoders 19 and 20.

A rail 27 is attached to the first cross slide 4, and the first saddle 5 is mounted on the rail 27. A thread is formed in the center of the first saddle 5, and a feed screw connected to the shaft 23a of the motor 23 is screwed into the formed thread. The saddle 5 moves on the first cross slide 4 in the Y-axis direction. Further, the moving position is successively detected by an encoder provided in the plummer block 25.

The nozzle holder 7 is attached to a flange 7a, a nozzle chamber 7b,
The nozzle 8 is slidably fitted into the nozzle holder 7, and a spring 13 and a cap nut 9 are sequentially attached.

After that, this first processing head 6 is attached to the flange 7a.
A mounting not shown is attached to the first saddle 5 with bolts or the like.

The columns 2.3 stand up in two parallel rows on the machine base 1, and a loading table 52 with a cut-out center portion is placed approximately in the center of the column 2.3. A workpiece 53 is mounted.

Furthermore, a rail 28.29 is attached to the upper part of the column 2.3, and a second cross slide 30 is mounted on the rail 28.29. Female threads are attached to both side wall portions of the second cross slide 30, and a feed screw connected to the shaft of a motor 40.41 is engaged with the female thread, and as the motor 40.41 rotates, the column 2. Move in the X-axis direction on the rails 29 provided on the top. Further, the moving position is sequentially detected by encoders 42 and 43.

A rail 31 is attached to the second cross slide 30, and a second saddle 32 is mounted on the rail 31. A thread is formed in the center of the second saddle 32, and the thread is engaged with a feed screw 45 connected to a shaft 44a of a motor 44. on the cross slide 30 in the Y-axis direction. Further, the movement position is sequentially detected by an encoder 47 provided in the plummer block 46.

In addition, each of the above encoders 19.20.26.42.43
The detection values detected by and 47 are input to a control device (not shown), and the control device collectively controls each component according to a predetermined program.

A wire electrode, tape-shaped, or net-shaped electrode 62 is supplied from the electrode supply device 54 and passes from the pulley 56 to the capstan 58, the pinch roller 60, the tensilon roller 69, etc., and then to the brake roller and cap provided on the second saddle 32. After passing through the stun 48, a voltage pulse is supplied by the power supply bin 35,36 in the nozzle 34 of the second processing head 33, and then through the nozzle 8 of the first processing head 6 into the power supply bin IL 12. @Pass, pinch roller 5
0 and the capstan 51, pass through the pulleys 16 and 57, the capstan 59 and the pinch roller 61, and then are collected by the electrode collection device 55.

When machining is performed using the wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus according to the present invention, for example, a conical shape, a truncated conical shape,
Alternatively, when performing general processing other than processing of various rotating bodies whose cross section including the rotation axis has an arbitrary curved outline, columnar bodies with complicated shapes, screws, threaded gears, propellers, screws, etc. A motor 19.20 that moves the first cross slide 4 in the Y-axis direction, a motor 19.20 that moves the first saddle 5 in the X-axis direction, and a motor 40.41 that moves the second cross slide 30 in the Y-axis direction. Since the motor 44 that moves the second saddle 32 in the X-axis direction rotates synchronously, the first machining rod 6 mounted on the first saddle 5 and the second saddle 32 are rotated in synchronization. The attached second processing head 33 moves by the same distance.

The wire-like electrode, tape-like or net-like electrode 62 stretched vertically in a straight line between the first machining head 6 and the second machining head 33 has a power supply bottle 11.1.
2. A predetermined voltage pulse is supplied by the machining fluid supply holes 15 and 36, and the machining fluid supplied from the machining fluid supply holes 15 and 37 is supplied to the machining portion of the workpiece 53.
3, the desired contour shape is processed.

In addition, we can perform complex machining of various rotating bodies with conical shapes, truncated conical shapes, arbitrary curved cross-sections including the rotating shaft, columnar bodies with complex shapes, screws, threaded gears, propellers, screws, etc. When applying, move the first cross slide 4 to Y.
Motors 17, 18 for moving the first saddle 5 in the axial direction, motors 40, 41 for moving the second cross slide 30 in the Y-axis direction, and motors 40, 41 for moving the second saddle 32 in the X-axis direction. A motor 44 for moving in the axial direction is rotated asynchronously.

Thus, either the first processing head 6 mounted on the first saddle 5 or the second processing head 33 attached to the second saddle 32 is in the lead or stopped position, In this state, a wire electrode or a tape-like or mesh-like electrode 62 is stretched in a straight line between the first processing head 6 and the second processing head 33 while maintaining a desired angle with respect to the vertical axis. Predetermined voltage pulses are supplied to the electrode or tape-shaped or mesh-shaped electrode 62 by the power supply bottles 11, 12, 35 and 35, and machining is performed while machining fluid is supplied to the machining portion of the workpiece 53.

Then, the relative positions of the first processing head 6 mounted on the first saddle 5 and the second processing head 33 attached to the second saddle 32 are set appropriately, and the above-mentioned first processing head 33 is set as appropriate. By changing the angle with respect to the vertical axis of the wire electrode, tape-shaped or net-shaped electrode 62 stretched linearly between the processing spatula 6 and the second processing head 33, and the manner of movement thereof,
It is possible to easily process the workpiece 53 not only to form a tapered shape, but also to form other complicated shapes.

In particular, in the device of this embodiment, the tape-like or mesh-like electrode 62 is supplied and collected via the tension rollers 69 and 70, which are always under the action of the elastic force of the springs 63 and 640. Even if the processing blade 6 and the processing blade 33 move to the second processing, the tape-shaped or net-shaped electrode 62 does not become sagging, and the electrode 6
2 can always be smoothly supplied and recovered.

Next, FIG. 2 will be explained.

In the figure, the same numbers as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same components, 71 is the 7th part for the second processing, 72 is the second saddle, and 73 is the wire electrode supply. nozzle,
74 is a capillary electrode attachment nozzle, 75 is a capillary electrode, 76
77 is a machining fluid supply hole, 78 is a power supply bottle, and 79 is a second saddle 72.
80 and 81 are support shafts with threads cut on the outer periphery; 82 and 83 are A support shaft holder is fixed to the holder 79 and rotatably supports the support shafts 80 and 81 via bearings 84 and 85, 86 is a gear attached to the outer peripheral surface of the holder 79, and 87 is a shaft of a motor 88. A gear is attached to 88a and meshes with the gear 86, 89 and 90 are bearings, and 91 and 92 are motors that rotate the support shafts 80 and 81.

A holder 79 is housed in the second saddle 72 via bearings 89 and 90, and rotates as the motor 88 rotates.

A wire electrode supply nozzle 73 and a capillary electrode attachment nozzle 74 are attached to the holder 79 so as to be movable up and down, and when the motors 91 and 92 rotate, the respective support shafts 80 and 81 rotate, and accordingly. The wire electrode supply nozzle 73 and the tubular electrode attachment nozzle 74 are moved up and down.

When wire-cut electric discharge machining is performed using the apparatus of this embodiment, first a fine hole for electrode insertion is formed in the workpiece by the thin tube-shaped electrode 75 attached to the thin tube-shaped electrode attachment nozzle 74. As soon as the machining of the electrode insertion hole is completed, the motor 92 is rotated in the opposite direction, and the thin tubular electrode 75 is pulled upward. After that, motor 8
8 rotates to rotate the holder 79 by 180 degrees, and the tip hole of the wire electrode supply nozzle 73 is moved to a position where the tubular electrode 75 faces the electrode insertion hole formed in the workpiece, and the above movement is performed. Upon completion of this process, the wire electrode or tape-shaped or mesh-shaped electrode 62 passes through the wire electrode supply nozzle 73, is inserted into the electrode insertion hole, and is fed into the first machining head to perform wire cut electrical discharge machining. It is.

When using the wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to perform not only normal machining, but also various types of rotary bodies having conical shapes, truncated conical shapes, arbitrary curved cross-sections including the rotation axis, and complex shapes. It is possible to process columnar bodies, screws, screw gears, propellers, screws, and other airfoils, etc., and even large workpieces can be processed with high precision, and the entire device is compactly constructed. It is possible.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments on paper. That is, for example, although the first cross slide, the second cross slide, the first saddle, the first saddle, etc. are configured to be driven by a motor, other known devices may be used as long as they can perform similar operations. Other driving devices such as the method of supplying the electrode, the method of supplying power to the electrode, the method of supplying the machining fluid, etc. can be freely changed within the scope of the purpose of the present invention. The invention encompasses all of them.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of the wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the second machining head portion. 1----------1・-----1--------
Machine base 2.3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Force cam 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 Cross slide 5 ----------------
−−−−−−−−First saddle 6−・−・−・−・−
・−・−・・−・First processing head 7−−−−−−−
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−Nozzle holder 8−・
-1---------- io −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
・−・−Dice 11.12.35.36−−−−1 Power supply pin 13−−−−m−・・−・−−−−1−−−
---・Spring 14.38----1・--・-・
−1−−Rubber valve 15.37・−1−−−−−−−−・−
--1--Machining fluid supply hole 16.56.57----
-------Pulley 17.18, imperial order, 40 41, shrine, 88 91.92----・Motor 19.20.26 42.43.47----Encoder 21. 2
2.27 Imperial edict, 29.31...-1--Rail 24.45------1~-------Feed screw δ, 46--------- −−−−−−−−−Plummer block 30−・−1−−−−−−−−−−−−−
-----1---Second cross slide 32.72---
------・--111----Second saddle 33.7
1------・---1----------Second processing head 52-----1-----
−1 article table edict・・・−・・−−−1−−−−−・−1−
---Workpiece 54-----------------Electrode supply device 55-----
-------------1--Electrode collection device 62--
・−・−・・−・−−−−−−−−1−Wire electrode or tape-shaped or mesh electrode 63.64−・−1−−−−−−−−−−・−Spring 65. 66, nail, 68---guide roller 6
9.70-----------------Tension Roller Patent Applicant: Inoue Japax Research Institute Agent (7524) Mogami Shotabu Procedural Amendment Patent dated February 17, 1980 Mr. Kazuo Wakasugi, Commissioner of the Agency], Indication of the case, Patent Application No. 004718 of 1982, Title of the invention: Wire-cut electrical discharge machining device 3, Relationship with the person making the amendment Patent applicant address: Nagatsuta, Midori Ward, Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture Address: 5298 Michisho Town Title: [048] Inoue Japax Research Institute 4, Agent: 8107k 583-0306 Address: 1-8-1-6 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Number of inventions increased by amendment: 07 ,? ili Correct Subject 8, Contents of Amendment 1) Amend the claims of the specification as shown in the attached sheet. 2) The phrase "r-threaded gear" from line 5 to line 6 on page 6 and line 9 of page 15 of the specification is corrected to "r-threaded gear." 3) The words "r encoder" on page 6, line 20 and page 7, line 12 of the specification are corrected to read "r position detection means." 4) The description from line 1 to line 5 on page 20 of the specification is amended as follows. The known drive device described above can be used, and the encoder as a position detection means provided for each drive device of the first and second cross slides is a rotary type with a semi-closed numerical control method. Although the illustrations and explanations have been made for the case where an encoder is used, depending on the numerical control method, not only can a linear encoder be installed and used as a closed method, but when a stepping motor is used as the drive device, a semi-closed method can be used. Of course, a rotary encoder can be used as a method, but if the numerical control method is an open loop method, the component that counts the operation command pulse signal to the electric motor can be used as a position detection means instead of the encoder. In addition, the method of supplying the electrode, the method of supplying power to the electrode, the method of supplying the machining fluid, etc. can be freely changed in design within the scope of the purpose of the present invention. , the present invention encompasses all of them. Claim 1) A wire-cut electric discharge machining device comprising the components described in the following (Claims 81 to (u). +8) Machine base. (bl A first cross slide supported movably in the X-axis direction on the machine stand. (cl A first saddle supported movably in the Y-axis direction by the first cross slide above. (dl Electrode A first machining head that is equipped with a guide, a machining liquid supply nozzle, and a power supply device and is provided on the first saddle. (81 An electric motor that moves the first cross slide. (f) The first cross slide Position detection means for detecting the position of the first saddle. (river) An electric motor for moving the first saddle. fhl Position detection means for detecting the position of the first saddle. A second cross slide supported movably in the X-axis direction by the column at a position facing the first cross slide. (k) Guided by the second cross slide and moved in the Y-axis direction. (6) An electric motor that moves the second cross slide. (0) A motor that detects the position of the second cross slide.
One complete monarchy. (0) An electric motor that moves the second saddle. (pl Book J to detect the position of the second saddle mentioned above
means of exit. (ql A stage for mounting a workpiece between the first and second processing heads. tr) A long flexible electrode is attached to either one of the first and second processing heads. +51 A device for supplying machining liquid into the - and second machining heads from the other side. (1) A power supply circuit capable of applying a machining voltage pulse between the workpiece and the electric wire. (ul) A central control device capable of controlling the operation of each of the above-mentioned components. 2) The wire-cut electrical discharge machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is a wire electrode. 3) The wire-cut electrical discharge machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is a tape-shaped electrode. 4) The wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is a mesh electrode.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A wire-cut electrical discharge machining device comprising the components described in fa1 to (111) below. (8) Machine base. (b) Supported movably in the X-axis direction on the machine base. (C1 A first saddle supported movably in the Y-axis direction by the first cross slide. (dl Equipped with an electrode guide, a machining fluid supply nozzle, and a power supply device, (f) An encoder that detects the position of the first cross slide. (gl) An electric motor that moves the first cross slide. (f) An encoder that detects the position of the first cross slide. (gl) An electric motor that moves the first cross slide. Electric motor. (hl An encoder that detects the position of the first saddle. (11) A column provided on the machine base. (j) The column is placed in a position facing the first cross slide in the X-axis direction. A second cross slide movably supported. (kl) A second saddle guided by the second cross slide and movable in the Y-axis direction. (1) An electrode guide, a machining fluid supply nozzle, and a power supply device. a second machining head that is mounted on the second saddle facing the first machining head; ((b) an electric motor that moves the second cross slide; (n) a second cross slide Encoder that detects the position of the slide. (0) Electric motor that moves the second saddle. lp+ Encoder that detects the position of the second saddle. (ql) A stage on which the body is attached. frl An electrode supply and recovery device that supplies a long flexible electrode to either one of the first and second processing heads and collects it from the other one. (31 above) A device for supplying machining liquid into the first and second machining heads. (1) A power supply circuit that can apply a machining voltage pulse between the workpiece and the electrode. (ul) 2) A wire-cut electrical discharge machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is a wire electrode. 3) A wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is a tape-shaped electrode. 4) The wire-cut electric discharge machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is a mesh electrode.