JPS60136639A - Vibration reducer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate failures of a machine, improve its relability, realize its being maintenance free, compact, and lightweight, and also devise decrease in cost by using vibration reducers made by bonding a high yield stress material and a low yield stress material for absorbing the vibration. CONSTITUTION:A vibration reducer 21 is produced by bonding top and bottom plates of low yield stress material 23 such as lead, aluminum, or copper with a high yield stress material 22 such as mild steel, high tension steel, or spring steel putting between the top and bottom plates 23. The vibration of a machine to be reduced in the vibration is transferred to the vibration reducer 21 and cause a deformation, in which a higher stress than the yield stress of the low stress material 23 is produced in the material 23, and a lower stress than the yield stress of the high yield stress material 22 is produced in the material 22, and thus the plastic deformation of the low yield stress material 23 dissipates the stress energy so as to absorb and reduce the vibration of the machine to be reduced in the vibration and coincidently, the elastic deformation of the high yield stress material 22 fulfills the supporting function as a spring.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (1) Technical Field of the Invention This invention relates to the absorption and allocation of various vibrations such as earthquake-induced vibrations of piping, pumps, and other general equipment or structures, fluid-induced vibrations, and engine and turbine vibrations. This is related to the control bag # used for.

(2) Prior art Conventional Vc: Oil snubber 9 as an allocation device for F5
, oil damper, or mechanical snap damper.

The oil snubber and oil damper are devices that allocate oil pressure using hydraulic pressure. As shown in Figure 1, 1 ml, a cylinder 2 is supported in the % identification part 1, a piston 3 is housed in the cylinder 2, oil is sealed, and the oil is divided by the piston 3. The left and right spaces in the cylinder 2 are communicated via a pipe 4, and a throttle 5 is installed in the pipe 4.
, and poppets 6.7 are arranged on the left and right sides of the throttle 5, and the end 8a of the piston rod 8 is connected to a device, device, structure, etc. that is intended to stop the operation of the allocated machine. This is how it was done. The springs 9 and 10 act to move the poppets 6 and 7 away from the throttle 5, respectively, and when the oil pressure in the cylinder 2 becomes low (when the movement of the piston 8 slows down), they move the poppets 6 and 7 away from the throttle 5. This is to separate them and lower the flow path resistance. In this device, when the piston 3 tries to move due to the vibration of the device to be allocated, the poppet 6 or 7 closes the throttle 5, suppresses the movement of the piston 3, and stops the vibration. However, this device: ■Oil leaks occur during use, so inspection is required; ■It is heavy; ■It is expensive because the mechanism is complex; and it is prone to breakdowns and requires maintenance. It has drawbacks such as not being able to serve the function of supporting the weight of the device itself.

A mechanical snapper is a device that mechanically suppresses vibrations, and as shown in Figure 1 (bl
12 is fixed to J, the ball screw 13 is combined with the ball nut 12, and the momentum of the device to be allocated is converted into rotational motion of the ball screw 13. A disk spring 14 is fixed to the end of the ball screw 13. The structure is such that the rotation of the ball screw 13 is stopped by causing a braking action by utilizing the time delay that occurs between the ball screw 13 and the flywheel 15, which is a rotatable VC attachment. 16 is a steel ball, and 17 is a brake shoe. This structure is a disc brake that operates in response to acceleration, and the brake does not operate when the allocated device moves slowly, generating almost no resistance force. However, this mechanical snack A
Is it an oil leak? Although that is not the case,
The other drawbacks of oil snails (defects shown in ■ to ■ above) have not been resolved.

This invention was made in view of the above points, and eliminates various drawbacks caused by the complexity of the mechanism in the conventional oil snapper and mechanical snapper, and prevents failures such as oil leaks and stickiness (state that does not move). The purpose of the present invention is to provide an allocating device that is maintenance-free, compact, lightweight, and cost-effective, and is proactively equipped with a vibration energy absorption mechanism.

(4) Structure of the Invention This invention is constructed by combining a material with a high yield stress and a material with a low yield stress, and the material with a high yield stress is made to act in an elastic region to support the device to be oscillated. Materials with low yield stress act as energy absorbers in the plastic region and absorb the vibration energy of the equipment to be subjected to vibration.
A combination of these absorbs and allocates the vibrations of the device to which the vibration is to be allocated.

(5) Embodiments of the invention Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The second vibration damping device 2] is made by sandwiching a material 22 with a high yield stress (hereinafter referred to as a high yield stress material) and joining a material 22 with a low yield stress (hereinafter referred to as a low yield stress material) on both upper and lower surfaces thereof. It is. Examples of possible combinations of high yield stress material (1) and low yield stress material (2) are as follows.

In order to enhance the allocation effect, it is desirable to bond low-yield materials to both sides of the high-yield material instead of just one side of the high-yield material as in this embodiment.

Possible methods for joining the two materials ρ, 23 include joining the entire surface with a tin layer, welding a high yield material 22VC with a low yield material, or using a wax, diffusion bonding, rolling, or an adhesive.

The third factor shows an example of how the allocation device 2J of FIG. 2 is used. One end of the allocation device &21 is fixed to a sturdy structure 25 such as a building or foundation, and the other end is connected to the allocated device n via a connecting jig.

When the allocated device n vibrates up and down as shown by arrows A and A17r, the allocation device &21 also vibrates up and down as shown by arrows B and B, causing bending deformation. Figure 4 (1) shows the magnitude of strain, deformation t)g, and stress distribution at each position in the vibration direction of the allocated device valley when bending deformation occurs.

Each is shown in lbl. The camera being photographed! a27f When a deforming force of 5ff±1,000 is applied as shown by arrow B, the soil surface is deformed in the direction of contraction, and the bottom surface is deformed in the direction of elongation. Further, no deformation occurs in the central portion l. Since the low-yield material 1 is located away from the central portion 1, the amount of deformation is large, and the yield stress is low, so the generated stress quickly exceeds the yield point and causes plastic deformation. On the other hand, the high-yield forest loci are located in the vicinity of central l, so
Since the amount of deformation is small and the yield stress is high, the generated stress does not exceed the yield stress and only elastic deformation occurs. By the way,
By acting as a spring, the allocated device γ can be supported.

[Allocator 2] The relationship between the stress stress generated in the high yield material 22 and the low yield material 23 when vibration is applied from the VC allocated device 27 is shown in Figure 1aJ t lb). For high yield material n, Figure 7 1b+
As shown in K, since the amount of deformation is small and the yield stress σy2 is large, the object is only in the elastic deformation region, and the allocated equipment n
The vibration repeats 0→A→0→B→0→A→... - In the case of low-yield materials, as shown in Figure 5 (bl Due to the vibration of γ, 0→a→b-+c→(1-p @1
-+f -p @→b-+- Draw a loop, a, b,
...Absorbs energy equal to the area surrounded by f and a. Therefore, the vibration energy of the allocated device υ is reduced by that amount, and the vibration can be damped. Note that it is desirable that the yield stress σ2 of the high-yield material B is at least twice the yield stress σa of the low-yield material B.

FIG. 6 (&) shows another example of the use of the allocation device γ shown in the second factor, in which the allocation device 21 is attached to the allocated device 27 from two mutually intersecting directions, and By supporting it on a structure such as, it is possible to allocate imaging of the allocated device υ in both the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. FIG. 7 1b+ shows an arrangement in which the allocating device of the present invention is combined with an air spring device to enhance the allocating effect. A piston 31 is housed in a cylinder cabinet fixed to the structure 25, and the end of a piston rod 32 is connected to a vibration damped device 27. The piston 31 was made using the IIIm device of this invention,
A disk 340 made of a high-yield material is joined to both sides of the disk made of a low-yield material, and a KO ring is fitted around them. In such a configuration, in addition to the distribution effect provided by the air spring, the distribution effect provided by the piston 1 used in the distribution device of the present invention can also be obtained, and the distribution effect can be enhanced. Note that the piston 31 does not need to slide, but may be fixed as shown in FIG. 6(C). In this case, an opening hole is made at the bottom of cylinder I.

FIG. 7 la to tel show other embodiments of the present invention. In each figure, the symbol R indicates a high yield material and the symbol R indicates a low yield material. , FIG. 7 1b+ is
By stacking many layers on the plate-like structure shown in FIG. 2, the ability to support the allocated equipment and the allocation effect are enhanced. Figure 7 1b+ shows the outer periphery of a round bar-shaped high-yield material covered with low-yield material, and Figure 7 1b+ shows the outer periphery of a square bar-shaped high-yield material covered with low-yield material. , both are effective in cases where the vibration direction is not fixed and occurs in all directions.

In order to enhance the H1 allocation effect, as shown in the valley example above, it is desirable to place a high-yield material in the small center area before deformation due to vibration, and place a low-yield material on the outside. Even with the opposite arrangement, the allocation effect is excellent.

(6) Detailed Description of the Invention According to the present invention, a material with a high yield stress and a material with a low yield stress are combined, the vibration of the equipment to be allocated is transmitted to it and deformed, and this deformation causes the material to yield. Since we set 5VC to generate a stress greater than the yield stress in materials with low stress and a stress lower than the yield stress in materials with high yield stress, the allocated energy is reduced due to energy dissipation due to plastic deformation of the material with low yield stress. In addition to absorbing and reducing vibrations of equipment, the elastic deformation of the material with high yield stress allows it to perform a supporting function as a spring. Therefore, if the supporting function of a material with a high yield stress is enhanced, it becomes possible to support the own weight of the equipment to be shaken, and it can be used instead of a damper used in, for example, a seismic isolation floor. Further, according to the present invention, the structure is simple, so there is no need for maintenance unlike egg-taking devices such as oil snappers, oil dampers, and mechanical snappers.Also, since no oil is used, there is no need for oil leakage. do not have. Also, it is small @
It uses electricity and can be made at low cost.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The first figure is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional allocation device, (a)
is an oil snubber, tb+ is a mechanical snubber, 2nd
The figure is a perspective view showing an example of this invention, FIG. 3 is a side view showing an example of use of the second white allocating device 21, and FIG. 4(9)(a)) and stress distribution (FIG. 4(b)), and FIG. 5 shows the high yield material 22 of the allocation device 21 of FIG. KM stress stress time (Fig. 5(a)
) and stress-strain characteristics in low yield material 73 (Fig. 5(b)
Figure 6 shows 1ml of %1 in Figure 2.
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which the allocation device of the present invention is applied to the piston of an air spring device, and Figure 6 tel is Figure 6. (A cross-sectional view showing an example in which the piston 731 of BL is fixed, FIG. 32.h...High yield material, C, 3311...Low yield material, 5...Disease structure, I...Connecting jig, moss...Allocated equipment. Fig. 1 (0) b) Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] An allocating device characterized in that a material with a high yield stress and a material with a low yield stress are combined and interposed between a device to be allocated and its supporting portion.