JPS60133200A - Automatic spray apparatus of tunnel inner wall drilled by drilling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to
This relates to a device for lining tunnels at the same time as excavation, especially a device that automatically sprays fibers from Glass Fiber Nato, a hardening material such as cement milk, and a fast-setting agent at the same time to line the tunnel with fiber concrete. be.

Conventionally, spray lining was applied to the inner walls of tunnels excavated by excavators using a method in which a worker held a spray gun behind the cutter head of the excavator and manually sprayed the lining.

However, the cutter head power transmission mechanism, gripper device,
It is equipped with a conveyor for transporting excavated waste, and the working space between it and the excavation surface is extremely narrow, making spraying work difficult and making it impossible to achieve a uniform and well-finished lining.The working conditions are also harsh, and the working conditions are harsh. There were many problems, including the risk of falling objects and poor efficiency.

A first object of the present invention is to provide a device that automatically automates spraying operations.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device that makes it possible to uniformly spray lining the inner wall of a tunnel.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus that can be installed in a narrow space and spray-lined a fairly wide portion of the inner wall of a tunnel.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a device that allows spray lining to be applied safely and efficiently following tunnel excavation by an excavator.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a device that can be easily installed on ready-made aircraft.

In particular, this invention includes an injection nozzle that injects fibers using compressed air behind the cutter head of a tunnel excavation machine, and an injection nozzle that mixes and injects a curing agent and an quick-setting agent using compressed air following the injection of the fibers. The present invention provides a device that is installed so that it can rotate and move forward and backward toward the inner wall surface of an excavated tunnel.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in which a conventionally known excavator shown in the drawings is equipped. As shown in FIG.
Gripper 4 for fixing and adjusting the direction of bending and stretching with
, 5, a hydraulic motor 6 provided behind the power transmission section 3 rotates the rad 2 toward the cutter, and a cylinder 7 presses the cutter head 2 while digging.

Behind the excavator 1, a large number of mobile vehicles 8 equipped with various equipment are successively connected, and the t! A plurality of conveyors 10 are connected in series and installed on each moving vehicle 8 from the J-adventure machine mantle 9 to carry out excavated waste.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, tubular spray arms 20 are installed and fixed on pedestals 21 attached to the conveyor 10, respectively, on the left and right sides of the conveyor 10 installed on the excavator 1.

As shown in FIG. 6, inside the spray arm 20, a servo motor 22 is installed at the rear thereof, and its rotating shaft 23 is connected to an operating shaft 25 of a rotation control means 24 installed at the front. 25 is rotatably installed in the middle portion of the spray arm 20 at front and rear bearings 26 and 27, and is connected to a shaft 29 attached to the rear of the electric cylinder 28.

A large number of control cams 40 are attached to the outer periphery of the operating shaft 25, and control limit switches 41 are provided around the periphery corresponding to the respective control cams 40. As the operating shaft 250 rotates, each control cam 40 sequentially moves to a predetermined position. By contacting the control limit switch 41 at the appropriate timing, a corresponding electric signal is transmitted, and the rotation speed of the servo motor 22 is controlled in response to this signal.

The electric cylinder 28 is connected in front to a motor 43 fixed in a casing 42 at its rear end, a part is fixed to the casing 42 with a set screw 44, and a tip part is rotatably supported by a bearing part 26. A screw shaft 46 connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 43 within the pipe 45, a female screw member 47 with the screw shaft 46 inserted into a central tapped hole, and a female screw member 47. The rear end is fixed to the fixed fixed plate 48, and the tip is attached to the pipe 45.
It is composed of a plurality of telescopic rods 50 slidably pushed through the support plate 49 at the distal end of the telescopic rod 50, and a connecting member 51 attached to the distal end of the telescopic rod 50.

Then, by rotating the motor 43 forward and backward to rotate the screw shaft 46, the female screw 7 member 47 is moved forward and backward within the pipe 45, and along with this, the telescopic rod 50
can be moved forward and backward.

The rear end of the operating rod 60 is connected to the connecting member 51 of the telescopic rod 50 of the electric cylinder 28, and the tip of the operating rod 60 is rotated by a bearing 61 provided at the tip of the spray arm 20. and is slidably supported and protrudes forward. The operating rod 60 has a pipe 45 inside it.
A spline shaft 62 fixed to the tip of the shaft is spline-fitted to move forward and backward along this spline shaft 62.

Inside the spray arm 20 around the operating rod 60, front and rear limit switches 63, 64 for regulating the forward and backward limit positions of the operating rod 60 are installed. By contacting these, the rotation of the motor 43 is stopped.

The distal end of the spray arm 20 is provided with an arc-shaped force 1<-66 that covers the protruding distal end of the operating rod 60 .

As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, at the tip of the operating rod 60 is a fiber nozzle 7 that sprays a large amount of short fibers such as glass fibers and plastic fibers.
A spray nozzle 71 is attached to the spray nozzle 71 for spraying a spray material containing a mixture of a curing agent such as 0, cement milk, mortar, etc., and a quick-setting agent such as calcium sulfoaluminate type or inorganic salt type.

The fiber nozzle 70 and the spray nozzle 71 are attached to a mounting frame 72 fixed to the tip of the operating rod 60 with their respective tips facing the inner wall 73 of the tunnel excavated by the excavator 1, and the fiber and spray material are fed in substantially the same direction. When the operating rod 60 rotates in one direction (hereinafter referred to as the normal rotation direction), the fiber nozzle 70 precedes the rotation direction, and the spray nozzle 7
1 is configured to follow this and rotate at the same time.

The fiber nozzle 70 is provided with a hose 7 for conveying fibers obtained by cutting long fibers into short fibers with a cutter from a fiber pumping machine 74 shown in FIG. 2 together with compressed air.
5 and an air port 76 for feeding compressed air for injection are connected.

The spray nozzle 71 is provided with a flow passage 80 from the rear part to the tip opening, and a compressed air injection passage 81 that communicates with the flow passage 80 at the tip is provided in the middle part of the flow FR1!80. An annular injection path 82 is provided at the tip of 80, and the injection path 82 and the flow path 80 are connected to each other.
A discharge port 83 communicating between the two is provided.

The rear end of the flow path 80 communicates with the curing agent supply port 84 orthogonally,
A supply port 85 for compressed air is orthogonally connected to the injection path 81, and a supply port 86 for a quick-setting agent is connected orthogonally to the injection path 82.

A hose 88, which is not shown in FIG. 2, is connected to the supply port 84 for pumping the hardening agent by a hardening agent pump 87.
Further, an air hose 90 is connected to the supply port 85 for pumping compressed air from an air pumping control section 89 . Further, the supply port 86 has a valve pipe 91 attached to the mounting frame 72.
A connecting pipe 93 connected to the counterflow passage 92 of the valve pipe 91 is connected to the supply port 94 which communicates orthogonally with the rear end of the counterflow passage 92 of the valve pipe 91, and a quicksetting agent is pumped by a quicksetting agent pressure pump 95. A hose 96 is connected thereto.

A valve body 101 attached to the tip of a rod 100 slidably communicated with the rear end of the spray nozzle 71 is fitted into the rear end of the flow path 80 . Further, a valve body 103 attached to the tip of a rod 102 that is slidably pushed through from the rear end of the valve pipe 91 is fitted into the rear end of the counterflow path 92 of the valve pipe 91 .

The rear end of each rod 100 and 102 is connected to a telescopic rod 10 of a forward/backward driving means 104, 105 such as an air cylinder, etc.
6.107, and move the telescopic rods 106.107 of the forward/backward driving means 104.105 forward and backward to move the valve bodies 101.103 forward and backward, respectively, to open and close the rear ends of the flow path 80 and the counterflow path 91, and to harden. It is configured so that the agent and quick-setting agent can flow in or be blocked.

The spraying operation by the fiber nozzle 70 and the spray nozzle 71 configured as described above is automatically performed by control operations programmed in advance in the operation control panel 108 shown in FIG. 2.

First, when operating the fiber nozzle 70 and the spray nozzle 71, first operate the air pressure feeding control section 89,
After the pressure detector detects that the air pressure feeding means such as a compressor has reached a predetermined pressure by driving the air pressure feeding means such as a compressor,
The flow paths to the hoses 75 and 76 are opened, and compressed air is introduced from the hose 75 to the fiber nozzle 70, and compressed air is compressed from the hose 76 through the supply port 85 and the injection path 81 into the flow path 80 of the spray nozzle 71. Air is introduced.

Then, by pressing the start button on the operation control panel 108, the curing agent pressure pump 87 and quick setting agent pressure pump 95 are driven, and at the same time, the forward/backward drive means 105 is driven, and the telescopic rod 107 is driven.
The rod 102 and the valve body 10 are moved backward and connected to the rod 102 and the valve body 10.
3, the quick setting agent pressure feeding pump 95 is activated.
The quick setting agent is pumped through the hose 96 from the valve pipe 9.
The air is ejected from the discharge port 83 into the flow path 80 through the supply port 94 of No. 1, the connecting pipe 92, and the injection path 82, and is ejected from the tip opening of the spray nozzle 71 together with the jet stream of compressed air from the injection path 81.

On the other hand, the forward/backward driving means 104 is activated a little later after the forward/backward driving means 105 is activated, and the telescopic rod 106 is retracted, and the rod 100 and valve body 101 connected thereto are retracted. The curing agent is introduced into the flow path 80 from the supply port 84 through the hose 88, and is forced toward the tip opening of the spray nozzle 71 together with the jet stream of compressed air from the injection path 81.
At the tip of the nozzle 71, it is mixed with the quick-setting agent discharged from the discharge port 83, and is sprayed from the tip opening of the nozzle 71.

Therefore, the curing agent is always mixed with the quick-setting agent and sprayed from the start of spraying, and since it is mixed with the quick-setting agent at the tip of the nozzle 71, the hardening agent hardens in the inner channel 80. It is possible to prevent clogging of the flow 6SO due to

Furthermore, almost simultaneously with the injection of the curing agent and quick-setting agent, the fiber is cut by a cutter, introduced into the fiber nozzle 70 together with compressed air via the hose 75, and is injected from the opening at its tip.

In addition, a pressure detector 11 is installed in the pressure-feeding channel for the curing agent and quick-setting agent.
0 and 111 are provided, and when this pressure detector 110 detects a sudden increase in pressure due to clogging or the like in the curing agent pressure passage, it outputs the signal to the operation control panel 108,
As a result, the hardening agent pressure pump 87 is stopped, and after a slight delay, the quick setting agent pressure pump 95 is stopped by a timer operation, and the pressure detector detects the pressure increase due to clogging of the quick setting agent pressure channel. 111 outputs the signal to the operation control panel 108, thereby stopping the curing agent pressure pump 87 and quick setting agent pressure pump 95 at the same time.

At the end of spraying, the telescopic rod 1 of the advance/retreat drive means 104
06 moves forward, the rod 100 and the valve body 101 are moved forward to close off the supply port 84 and the flow path 80, and the injection of the curing agent is stopped, and the curing agent pressure pump 8 is moved forward.
7, and the injection of fiber from the fiber nozzle 71 is stopped.

Next, with a slight delay, the quick-setting agent pressure pump 95 is stopped, and at the same time, the advance/retract drive means 105 is operated to advance the telescopic rod 107 together with the rod 102 and valve body 103 connected thereto, thereby opening the supply port 94 and the inner flow path 92. block the gap between

Next, the spraying process using the fiber nozzle 70 and the spray nozzle 71 is automatically performed according to the control operation programmed in the operation control panel 108. In the spraying work process of B, the excavator 1 performs one stroke four times (for example, two
5 minutes) Two methods can be used: a first method in which spraying is performed every time the excavation is made, and a second method in which spraying is performed concurrently during one stroke of excavation.

In the first method, spraying preparations such as mixing of spraying agent and preparatory operations are carried out during one stroke of excavation, and after one stroke, the entire surface of the excavated tunnel inner wall surface 73 is sprayed. and then grippers 4 and 5
This is a method in which the hardening agent and the quick-tie shoulder are washed while changing the material, and the same process is repeated one after another by advancing one stroke again.

In the second method, for example, 10cITIF!
The excavated surface is sprayed every time the excavation surface advances 7jA, and the same spraying is continued until the end of one stroke of excavation. Cleaning and spray setup are performed while grippers 4 and 5 are being replaced, and one stroke of excavation is started again. This method involves continuous spraying.

An example of the operation steps of the spraying operation in the first method is shown in the timing chart of FIG. 10. While the machine 1 is digging, the fiber nozzle 70 and the spray nozzle 71 move the operating rod 60 backward by the electric cylinder 28 and leave it in a position where it is covered by the cover 66. protected against.

After completing one stroke of digging, first, the motor 43 of the electric cylinder 28 is rotated to move the operating rod 60 forward, and the left and right fiber nozzles 70 and spray nozzle 71 of the conveyor 10 are slightly protruded in front of the cover 66. In state B, each nozzle tip is kept stationary diagonally downward toward the middle of the side surface of the tunnel inner wall 73.

In this state, as described above, the fiber is injected from the fiber nozzle 70 of one of the operating rods 60, and the servo motor 22 is driven while spraying a mixed spray material of hardening agent and quick-setting agent from the spray nozzle 71, and the operating rod When the nozzle 60 is rotated in the normal direction so that each nozzle 70, 71 rotates upward, the fibers and the spray agent are injected sequentially and continuously from one side of the tunnel inner wall 73 toward the top end, A strip of lining of spray material mixed with fibers is placed on one side of the tunnel inner wall 73.

In this way, the operating rod 60, which has finished spraying one pitch on the negative side, moves forward one pitch further and reverses, and each nozzle 70.
71 is rotated downward again, and the device is ready to wait for a certain period of time.At the same time, fibers and spraying material are injected from each nozzle 70, 71 of the operating rod 60 on the other side, and the inner wall 73 of the tunnel is similarly sprayed. One pitch of belt-like lining is applied from the other side toward the top end, and then it moves forward one pitch, reverses itself, and stands by with each nozzle 70, 71 facing downward.

In this way, the left and right operating rods 60 operate alternately, and the spraying work by each nozzle 70, 71 is uniformly performed over the entire inner wall of the excavated tunnel for one stroke, and after one stroke of lining is completed, the operating rod 60 retreats. Then, next 1
Wait until the end of stroke drilling.

In such spraying, the rotation range of each of the left and right nozzles 70, 71 is adjusted so that the pointing directions of their tips overlap somewhat with each other at the end of injection toward the top of the tunnel inner wall 73, as shown in FIG. has been done.

On the other hand, in such a spraying process, each of the left and right nozzles 7
0.71 are both located on the left and right sides above the center of the excavated tunnel inner wall 73, so from the downward injection start point to the upward injection end point, the nozzle tip and its injection direction The distance to the tunnel inner wall 73 changes sequentially, and the distance is particularly long near the start of injection and the end of injection, and is the shortest in the middle.

Therefore, the lining density differs depending on the spraying distance, and the farther the distance, the smaller the lining thickness. Therefore, the rotation speed of the operating rod is changed according to this distance, and the lining is rotated to a uniform thickness. The rotational speed of the servo motor 22 is changed by the control means 24.

An example of speed control of the servo motor 22 is shown in FIG. 11, in which the speed is slow when each nozzle 70, 71 is in the downward position at the start of spraying, increases gradually as it moves upward, and increases when the nozzle 70, 71 is in the vertically upward position. The speed is set at the highest speed, and the speed slows down again as you go beyond this and move towards the top.

In addition, when spraying construction is carried out while excavating in the second method above, the left and right nozzles 70 and 71
The lining of the pitch is synchronized with the excavation speed and progresses sequentially in substantially the same manner as the above-mentioned spraying operation. Further, the left and right nozzles 70 and 71 can be operated simultaneously.

While replacing the grippers 4 and 5 after one stroke of digging, in order to prevent the hardening agent from hardening and clogging inside the hardening agent flow path and the spray nozzle 71, Each of the binder hoses 88 and 96 is switched to a pressure flow path for cleaning water to clean the inside.

Note that in the above configuration, the electric cylinder 28 may be a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder.

Further, the spraying operation by the fiber nozzle 7o and the spray nozzle 71 may start from the top of the tunnel inner wall 73 and end at the side surface. Further, two or more operating rods 60 are installed depending on the diameter of the tunnel, and the fiber nozzle 70 and the spray nozzle 71 installed in each of the operating rods 60 are configured to continuously spray a divided portion of the tunnel inner wall 73. It's okay.

Further, depending on the construction conditions, the fiber nozzle 70 may not be provided (spraying may be performed only by the spray nozzle 71).

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal side view showing a tunnel being dug by an excavator equipped with the device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a system diagram showing an overview of the device of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is the device of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a front view of the same, FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view of the main parts, and FIG. 6 is a longitudinal side view of the spray arm used in the device of the present invention. Figure 7 is a plan view of the fiber nozzle and spray nozzle;
The figure is the front view of the same, Figure 9 is the half-way of the spray nozzle, the 10th
The figure shows a timing chart for spraying work and tunnel excavation.
Figure 11: Timing chart of spraying work and Figure 12:
The figure is a diagram showing the relationship between the rotation angle and rotation speed of the operating rod. 1 ・Excavator, 2...Cutter head, 22...
Servo motor, 24... Rotation control means, 28...
Electric cylinder, 60゛ operation rod, 70... fiber nozzle, 71- spray nozzle, 73... tunnel inner wall. Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 12, ■ shows Igoguchi and Sodo. Turning fact (o) - Procedural amendment (method) % formula % 1. Indication of the case 1982 Patent Application No. 238972 2. Name of invention Automatic spraying device for inner wall of tunnel excavated by excavator 3
, Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant: Kansai Electric Power Co., Ltd., Group 4, Agent: 1-20-5 Toranomon 1-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105, Date of amendment order: March 7, 1980 (Shipped on March 27, 1982) 6. Subject to amendment

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] a spray nozzle attached to the tip of the operating rod toward a wall surface and configured to mix a curing agent and an quick-setting agent and spray the mixture together with compressed air when the operating rod rotates in the normal rotation direction; An automatic spraying device for the inner wall surface of a tunnel excavated by an excavator, characterized by comprising power means for rotating the rod in forward and backward directions and advancing and retracting the rod. An automatic spraying device for an inner wall surface of a tunnel excavated by an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of units are installed at predetermined intervals. Claim 1, characterized in that a speed adjusting means is installed so that the rotational speed of the operating rod becomes slower as the distance between the tip of the spray nostle and the inner wall surface of the tunnel in the injection direction increases. An automatic spraying device for the inner wall surface of a tunnel excavated by the excavating machine according to claim 2. (4) The power means is constituted by an electric cylinder connected to an operating rod and a motor. An automatic spraying device for the inner wall surface of a tunnel excavated by the excavator described in item 1 or 3. [A 51m cutter head can be rotated forward and backward about the axis at a predetermined position behind the cutter head, and can move forward and backward in the axial direction. The operating rod is attached to the tip of the operating rod with the tip facing the inner wall surface of the tunnel cut by the excavator, and when the operating rod rotates in the forward rotation direction, the fiber is exposed to compressed air. a fiber nozzle configured to inject at the same time; the fiber nozzle is attached to the tip of the operating rod with its tip facing the inner wall surface of the tunnel excavated by the excavator, and when the operating rod rotates in the normal rotation direction, the fiber nozzle a spray nozzle configured to mix a curing agent and an quick-setting agent and spray the mixture together with compressed air in the same direction as the fiber sprayed from the fiber; An automatic spraying device for the inner wall surface of a tunnel excavated by an excavator, characterized by comprising: